托福閱讀材料：音樂和外語培訓(xùn)能提高語言能力

1、智課網(wǎng)TOEFL備考資料托福閱讀材料:音樂和外語培訓(xùn)能提高語言能力摘要:音樂和外語類培訓(xùn)是當(dāng)今許多家長(zhǎng)熱衷給孩子報(bào)名的課外培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容,一項(xiàng)美國(guó)最新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)證明了這些家長(zhǎng)的明智選擇,因?yàn)閾?jù)該項(xiàng)研究稱,音樂訓(xùn)練對(duì)人類的外語水平提高有很大幫助。托福閱讀備考材料:音樂才能與外語能力(特殊的語言能力是人大腦功能的有機(jī)組成部分,是人心智發(fā)展的生物基礎(chǔ)。離開這一物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),任何個(gè)體的發(fā)展都是不可想象的。美國(guó)語言學(xué)家賈肯多夫和作曲家勒達(dá)爾在有調(diào)性音樂的生成理論一書中列舉了人類不同文化共享的與生俱來的60余條音樂規(guī)則。同時(shí)他們認(rèn)為人類85%的語言規(guī)則是天賦的,其余是后天習(xí)得的;95%的音樂規(guī)則是先天的;人本身具有

2、某種語言與音樂認(rèn)知能力。Learning to play a musical instrument can change your brain, with a US review finding music training can lead to improved speech and foreign language skills.美國(guó)一項(xiàng)研究表明,學(xué)習(xí)樂器能夠使大腦發(fā)生變化,音樂訓(xùn)練能夠提高演講和外語水平。Although it has been suggested in the past that listening to Mozart or other classical music

3、 could make you smarter, there has been little evidence to show that music boosts brain power.盡管過去有人認(rèn)為聽莫扎特或其他古典音樂可以讓人變得更聰明,但是并沒有足夠的證據(jù)證明音樂能提高智力。But a data-driven review by Northwestern University has pulled together research that links musical training to learning that spills over intoskills includin

4、g language, speech, memory, attention and even vocalemotion.如今,美國(guó)西北大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究以數(shù)據(jù)為支持,對(duì)音樂訓(xùn)練對(duì)語言、演講、記憶力、注意力甚至情感抒發(fā)等能力的影響的相關(guān)研究進(jìn)行了分析。Researcher Nina Kraus said the data strongly suggested that the neural connections made during musical trainingalso primedthe brain for other aspects of human communication.研究人員

5、妮娜?克勞斯說,這些數(shù)據(jù)充分表明,音樂訓(xùn)練過程中所產(chǎn)生的神經(jīng)元連接能增強(qiáng)大腦在人際交流其它方面的能力。The effect of music training suggests that, akin tophysical exercise and its impact on body fitness, music is a resource that tones the brain for auditory fitness and thus requires society to re-examine the role of music in shaping individual develo

6、pment, the researchers said in their study.研究人員在研究報(bào)告中說:“音樂訓(xùn)練所產(chǎn)生的這種影響表明,與體育鍛煉對(duì)身體健康的影響一樣,音樂能夠增強(qiáng)大腦活力,使聽覺更加敏銳。所以我們的社會(huì)有必要重視音樂在個(gè)人發(fā)展中所起的作用。”Kraus said learning musical sounds could enhance the brains ability to adapt and change and also enable the nervous system to provide a scaffoldingof patterns that are

7、 important to learning.克勞斯說,學(xué)習(xí)聲樂能夠提高大腦的應(yīng)變能力,也可以讓神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)建立起一個(gè)有利于學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)構(gòu)。The study, published in Nature Reviews Neuroscience, looked at the explosionof research in recent years focused on the effects of music training on the nervous system which could have strong implications for education.這一在神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)自然評(píng)論上發(fā)表

8、的研究對(duì)近幾年來該領(lǐng)域新增的大量研究進(jìn)行了回顧和分析,這些研究主要關(guān)注的是音樂訓(xùn)練對(duì)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的影響及其可能會(huì)對(duì)教育產(chǎn)生的重要影響。The study found that playing an instrument primes the brain to choose what is relevantin a complex process that may involve reading or remembering a score, timing issues and coordination with other musicians.研究發(fā)現(xiàn),演奏樂器能增強(qiáng)大腦在復(fù)雜的過程中分辨有價(jià)值信

9、息的能力,這一復(fù)雜的過程可能包括看譜、記譜,計(jì)時(shí)或與其他樂師配合等。A musicians brain selectively enhances information-bearing elements in sound, Kraus said in a statement. In a beautiful interrelationship between sensory and cognitive processes, the nervous system makes associations between complex sounds and what they mean.克勞斯在一項(xiàng)聲

10、明中說:“一個(gè)音樂家的大腦能夠有選擇性地分辨出聲音中含有信息的元素。在感覺和認(rèn)知過程的相互作用下,神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)能把復(fù)雜的聲音和它們所表達(dá)的意思聯(lián)系起來?！盩he study reviewed literature showing, for example, that musicians are more successful than non-musicians in learning to incorporate sound patterns for a new language into words.研究人員對(duì)以往的研究資料進(jìn)行分析后發(fā)現(xiàn),懂音樂的人將一種新的語言的發(fā)音拼寫成單詞的能力強(qiáng)于未接受過音樂訓(xùn)練的人。以上就是小馬過河對(duì)托福閱讀材料:音樂訓(xùn)提高語言能力的講解,