高中英語完形填空解題技巧課件

1、高考英語完形填空命題特點1. 短文長度短文長度200詞左右，生詞少，難度適中。詞左右，生詞少，難度適中。2. 首句無空格，提供語境。首句無空格，提供語境。5-10詞設(shè)一空，一般詞設(shè)一空，一般人名、地名、日期、數(shù)字不在之列。隔詞數(shù)人名、地名、日期、數(shù)字不在之列。隔詞數(shù)越少，題目越難。越少，題目越難。3. 選項多為一詞，偶會為詞組。四選項為同一類選項多為一詞，偶會為詞組。四選項為同一類 詞或?qū)偻环懂?，或近義或形異義，或與前詞或?qū)偻环懂?，或近義或形異義，或與前 后配成詞組。故干擾性、迷性大。后配成詞組。故干擾性、迷性大。4.考查單詞以實詞考查單詞以實詞(v.,n.,adj.,adv,pron.)

2、為主，為主，虛詞虛詞(conj.,prep.)為輔。實詞一般占為輔。實詞一般占80%-90%，其中又以動、名、形為主。，其中又以動、名、形為主。5.以考查學生對文章的整體理解和詞匯的以考查學生對文章的整體理解和詞匯的意義把握為主。有些要結(jié)合常識才能正意義把握為主。有些要結(jié)合常識才能正確選項；有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基確選項；有些甚至要求在通篇理解的基礎(chǔ)上，正確把握上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，才礎(chǔ)上，正確把握上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，才能正確判斷和選擇。能正確判斷和選擇。完形填空解題步驟完形填空解題步驟通覽通覽-試填試填-復核復核 解題技巧解題技巧1. 行文邏輯行文邏輯:充分利用文章的上下文和前充分利用文章的上下

3、文和前后句，找出有提示作用的詞或句。后句，找出有提示作用的詞或句。2. 注意固定搭配注意固定搭配3. 注意詞語辨析同義詞或形近詞注意詞語辨析同義詞或形近詞4.根據(jù)動作的發(fā)出者確定所選的詞根據(jù)動作的發(fā)出者確定所選的詞5.根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項6. 根據(jù)生活常識及相關(guān)知識確定選項根據(jù)生活常識及相關(guān)知識確定選項7. 語法規(guī)則語法規(guī)則解題技巧解題技巧1 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對選充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對選擇有提示作用的詞或句。這些詞有可能是同義擇有提示作用的詞或句。這些詞有可能是同義詞或反義詞。詞或反義詞。 Many old people do

4、nt have good _. They cant watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio .A hearing B health C eyesight D time Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very, very_. A. deep B.high C. cold D. dangerous根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but的提示，所選的詞的提示，所選的詞應(yīng)與應(yīng)與shallow相反，因此選相反，因此選A I c

5、limbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to the third floor ,I was_ and at the same time feeling lonely.( NMET2000 第第26小小題）題） A helpless B lazy C anxious D tiredD Mrs ONeill asked_ questions, and she didnt scold us either. A. no B. certain

6、 C. many D. more A Mark_ down and helped the boy pick up these articles.(2003 北京北京 春春 50小題）小題） A.fell B. sat C.lay D. knelt and then both ended up from the same high school, just three weeks before_, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京春季卷第北京春季卷第45小題）小題）A graduation B movement C separation D v

7、acationA When Ed first phoned and suggested we play, I laughed quietly, figuring on an victory. (全國卷全國卷) A.unforgettable B. unexpected C. easy D. early C2 注意固定搭配，包括動詞與介詞的注意固定搭配，包括動詞與介詞的搭配、動詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞搭配、動詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等，同時要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選與名詞的搭配等，同時要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語。擇正確的短語。The city(Washington) was named_George

8、 Washington, the first president of the United States. A. by B. for C. as D. after It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was _tea at the time.A. cooking B. making C.burning D. serving It suddenly_1_me that if we want to go on a picnic tomorrow we had better do some preparations th

9、is evening. a.hit on b.struck c.occurred d.drawnHeres a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself_ so much money. A. for B. by C. to D. of , but they are _ damage to our houses and shops of historical interest, Said John Norris,one of the protesters.（NMET1999第第30題題)A doing B raising C pu

10、tting D producing 3 注意詞語辨析注意詞語辨析1）Soon I heard a _ like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D.shout2）It was a pleasant way of passing the time for an old woman who lived _. A.lonely B. alone C. away D. busily He used to have a_1_of coin-collection,but he has

11、given it up. a.custom b.habit c.hobby d.likeThe wounded soldier was unconscious but still_1_when taken to the hospital.a.living b.alive c.live d.livelyIts wonderful for the fact that the Chinese team won two unexpected gold_1_in Sydney,12 more than its previous best. a.metals b.medals c.models d.mod

12、als4.根據(jù)動作的發(fā)出者確定所選的詞根據(jù)動作的發(fā)出者確定所選的詞 And video cameras can be used to _peoples actions at home. A. keep B. make C. record D. watch When the papers were_ she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test. A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answeredJapan is an isl

13、and country and its_ go all over the Pacific looking for fish to _. A. fishing boats B. lifeboats C. planes D. trains A.buy B. catch C.hold D.weigh 只有只有fishing boats能夠到太平洋捕能夠到太平洋捕魚，因此第一個空答案魚，因此第一個空答案A為。捕魚用為。捕魚用動詞動詞catch，第二個空答案為，第二個空答案為B。At first nothing happened,_suddenly a large rat rushed out ofth

14、e A.and B. or C. so D.then 5 根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項It has been many years since I was last in London, _ I still remember something that happened during that visit. A. and B. for C. but D. as My main responsibility(職責）職責） were clearing tables and washing dishes,_sometimes I helped cook.（2003 北京

15、北京 第第40題）題） A. or B. so C. but D. even6 根據(jù)生活常識以及相關(guān)知識確定選根據(jù)生活常識以及相關(guān)知識確定選項項The space is left to let the railexpand（膨脹）（膨脹） when it gets _. A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dryBehind the dancer there was a woman_ a large diamond ring. A.carrying B. dressing C. wearing D. holding （Immediately,）the officers jumpe

16、d into their cars and rushed to the_ hospital. A.animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest “Dont be afraid,” he said and started to swim towards the river bank, _ the boy with him. A. pushing B. dragging C. holding D. catching ,you _the international dateline.By agreement, this is the point where a new

17、day_. A. see B. cross C. are D. are stopped by_A.is coming B is discovered C.is invented D. beginsthe international dateline是是國際日期變國際日期變更線更線，是人們所規(guī)定的，看不見，摸不著，是人們所規(guī)定的，看不見，摸不著，但是可以越過。它是新的一天開始的地方。答但是可以越過。它是新的一天開始的地方。答案分別為案分別為B 和和D As my father,_worked three jobs,once told me, （2003 北京北京 54題）題） A.he B. t

18、hat C. who D.whoever 7 利用語法知識選出正確選項利用語法知識選出正確選項例題分析：（例題分析：（2010年全國卷年全國卷 一一 ） It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital. I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for appointment （約會）（約會）at 9:30. The nurse had him take a 36 in the waitin

19、g area, 37him it would be at least 40 minutes 38 someone would be able to see him. I saw him 39 his watch and decided, since I was 40 busy-my patient didnt 41 at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound. While taking care of his wound, I asked him if he had another doctors appointment. 36. A. b

20、reath B. test C. seat D. break 37. A. persuading B. promising C. understanding D. telling38. A. if B. before C. since D. after39. A. taking off B. fixing C. looking at D. winding40. A. very B. also C. seldom D. not41. A. turn up B. show off C. come on D. go awayThe gentleman said no and told me that

21、 he 42 to go to the nursing home to eat breakfast with his 43 . He told me that she had been 44 for a while and that she had a special disease. I asked if she would be 45 if he was a bit late, he replied that she 46 knew who he was, that she had not been able to 47 him for five years now. I was 48 a

22、nd asked him, “And you 49 go every morning, even though she doesnt know who you are?”42. A. needed B. forgot C. agreed D. happened43. A. daughter B. wife C. mother D. sister44. A late B. well C. around D. there45. A. lonely B. worried C. doubtful D. hungry46. A. so far B. neither C. no longer D. already47. A. recognize B. answer C. believe D.