英文版中國(guó)詩(shī)歌發(fā)展綜述論文Review-of-the-development-of-poetry-Chinese

1、Review of the development of poetry ChineseSouth China Agricultural UniversityCollege of Humanities and lawStudent ID：201130870101ChendingTelbstract: China ancient poetry, broad and profound, has aesthetic value, extremely high artistic value, literature value, historical, now I do a br

2、ief description of the history of poetry.Keywords: history of poetry art poetry style of literary aestheticsDefinition: China ancient poetry, generally referred to as poetry, refers to the creation in classical Chinese and classical poetry, generalized China ancient poetry, can include a variety of

3、China ancient verse such as Fu, words, music, the narrow sense only includes ancient style poetry and poetry.The object of study: the history of the development of Chinese ancient poetryResearch status: development of Chinese Chinese ancient poetry is a country of poetry, poetry has a long history i

4、n China, in this long history, produced numerous outstanding poet, to create a beautiful poem to count. From the book of songs, songs of Chu to folk songs, come down in one continuous line from the poetry to the Tang, song, yuan, and different style, is a bright pearl in Chinese literature. Enjoy th

5、ese poems to us s temperament, improve the aesthetic taste, has a positive effect. What is it we generally think of poetry, poetry is a style of literary works, is full of strong feelings and rich imagination, metaphor, metaphor, symbol use, personification, repeated, overlapping and other methods,

6、more focus on a general performance poet emotion, vivid language setting practice, full of rhythm and the rhythm of literary works. The domestic and foreign research on ancient poetry are very keen China.Influence of Chinese ancient poetry in the neighboring countries: Chinese poetry, literally, Chi

7、nese poems. But this concept is mainly used in the Chinese world. Some neighboring countries Chinese, such as Korea, Japan, Vietnam, because of the use of Chinese characters as the written word, the influence of natural also by Chinese poetry. With Zen Buddhism spread in these countries, Chinese has

8、 become the most important form of Zen literature.JapanIn Japan, from the beginning of the Nara period, the literati because of the influence China culture began to imitate Chinese poem creating in the form of Japanese poetry. The most obvious distinction between Japanese Chinese poetry and Japanese

9、 haiku poetry, He Ge is the first four sentences (quatrain) or eight (Lv Shi), usually five or seven words per sentence, and He Ge, five, seven, haiku is five or five, seven, five, seven, seven and so on many kinds of short and long sentences, more like the Chinese word.751 years, the earliest Chine

10、se poetry "Huai Feng algae" published. After reached its heyday during the Heian period, Lingyun set, set the Mandarin beautiful, set by Chinese poetry appears continuously, popular Sheng. Known as the "dark period in the wind". Thereafter the Muromachi era Japanese Chinese poetr

11、y Kamakura era, sustainable development, such as Hugh Sojun of "mad" included many Chinese gathered in one. The development of the Edo period poetry reached its peak. Educated Japanese Meiji Restoration period of almost everyone will be good or bad poetry. After the Meiji Restoration of Ja

12、panese Chinese poetry began to decline, the rapid decline for the Showa period. But classical Chinese education today more than junior high school level still contains Chinese poetry, Chinese recitation, interpretation, and creation. As the most developed area outside the China poetry culture.751 ye

13、arsIn 751 yearsFor 751 years751 years ofThe 751 year North KoreaKorea Dynasty, Chinese poetry gradually popular in Korea. Korea poets such as Cui Chong (985 - 1068), Li Kui (1169 - 1241, number of Baiyun hermit), Zheng Daochuan (? - 1398) have a lot of poems handed down. In addition, the Korea schol

14、ar the Korean folk song old record by Chinese characters, the formation of a new form of poetry, later known as the "no music", also known as the "king of few body song", generally adopts 334 format. For example, the famous Korean folk song "Arirang", or TV series "

15、;big long this" archaic theme song "call" Korea in the middle, with the characteristics of the tune to the development, and reached its peak in the Joseon period. Tune is slang for folk songs of North Korea, but the Chinese poet is documented, and Chinese poetry poet wrote a lot of tu

16、ne, tune in the development of naturally into poetry factors. The poet Shen Qin (1566 - 1628) in the "order" in the rest anthology poems said: China song very elegant, but books spread, while China's so-called song but can only be used in Bin feast of entertainment, not Feng my books.V

17、ietnamVietnam as a county of China (Cochin) when Chinese characters as the official language. Chinese when the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms from South Vietnam's independence, but the official proclamation and imperial examinations still use Chinese, general books written in the Chinese langua

18、ge. As an important form of Chinese culture, Chinese poetry have also been developed in vietnam. Chen Chao Dynasty, the famous Chinese writer Chen Yizong, Hu Jimao, et al. The post Li Dynasty, especially Li Shengzong (name of Hao, Si Cheng), Chinese poetry in peak condition.Art originates from labor

19、. Poetry also originates from labor.Mr. Lu Xun said: our ancestors in the labor, in order to coordinate action, the elimination of fatigue. "One is called 'bending bending', so, this is to create", "if down with what mark retained, this is literature". ("outside the

20、paper about")From the collective work rhythm direct inoculation born early people's literature can be said to be China most original poetryThe early poetry accompanied by singing and dancing, "Xi Ge Tiansi music, three people hold the tail, my song eight que". ("Lushih chunch

21、iu music") this tradition runs through China's poetry in the history of the development of.Poetry should have not only rich emotion and imagination, but also a life consciousness, the sense of space, social consciousness and national consciousness, cultural history and tradition on the aspe

22、ct Chinese thinking, thinking about the current real life but also to the philosophy of. Therefore, we must have a general understanding of the history of the development of Chinese poetry, the brain to form a rough outline. Below we several stages are briefly described:1, the pre Qin PoetryAn antho

23、logy of poetry in book of Songs - "China's first"（一） 詩(shī)經(jīng)共三百零五篇，故又稱詩(shī)三百，包括西周初年至春秋中葉（前11世紀(jì)至前6世紀(jì)），約五百多年的歷史。全集分風(fēng)、雅、頌，其中風(fēng)包括十五“國(guó)風(fēng)”，雅分“大雅”、“小雅”，頌分為“周頌”、“魯頌”、“商頌”。表現(xiàn)手法有賦、比、興。“子曰：詩(shī)三百，一言蔽之，曰：思無(wú)邪?！比珀P(guān)睢，這是一首民間情歌，用起興的藝術(shù)手法著筆，“關(guān)關(guān)雎鳩，在河之洲，窈窕淑女，君子好逑?！睂?xiě)青年男子思戀少女，感情真摯大膽。由于此詩(shī)思想、藝術(shù)性都很強(qiáng)，且為詩(shī)經(jīng)之首篇，故歷來(lái)均受重視。(a) "

24、;the book of songs" a total of three hundred and five, so it is also called "three hundred poems", the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the spring and Autumn period including (Eleventh Century BC to sixth Century), about 500 years of history. The complete works of wind, Ya and song, the

25、wind includes fifteen "China Wind", "easy", "Ya Ya", song is divided into "Zhou Song", "Lu Song", "Shang song". Technique of expression Fu Bi, xing. "Confucius said:" three hundred poems ", in a nutshell, saying: evil thought

26、." Such as "very", this is a folk song, with the rise of art pen, "pass osprey, a quiet and modest maiden in the river, a gentleman's good mate." Write the missing girl young man, sincere feelings bold. Because of the thought, art are very strong, and for the "book

27、of songs" in the first chapter, it has always had attention.(two) Qu Yuan "Lisao"離騷是屈原作品中最偉大的一首抒情詩(shī)，在我國(guó)詩(shī)史具有獨(dú)特地位。離騷篇名之意，據(jù)漢代班固所釋為：離，猶遭也；騷，憂也，明已遭憂作辭也。全詩(shī)共373句，2490字。兩千多年前，有這樣的鴻篇巨制，確為我國(guó)詩(shī)史上之驕傲啊。"Li Sao" is a lyric poem of the greatest works of Qu Yuan, has a unique status in the Ch

28、inese history of poetry. "Lisao" title of Italy, according to Ban Gu of the Han Dynasty the release from Judah:, was also; Sao, worries, Ming has been suffering for speech also. The poem consists of 373 sentences, 2490 words. Two thousand years ago, there is such a masterpiece, really prou

29、d of our history.屈原的代表作除此外，還有九歌、天問(wèn)等。The representative works of Qu Yuan, in addition, there are "Nine Songs", "heaven".2, the Qin and Han Dynasties Poetry我國(guó)的詩(shī)歌發(fā)展至漢魏之間，出現(xiàn)一個(gè)新的局面，主要是樂(lè)（yue）府詩(shī)、民間歌辭與文人五言詩(shī)。China's development of poetry to Han, the emergence of a new situation, mainl

30、y is the music (Yue) Fu Poetry, folk songs and the literati cource of poetry.（一）樂(lè)府：樂(lè)府原為秦時(shí)設(shè)置的音樂(lè)機(jī)關(guān)，后經(jīng)漢武帝充實(shí)編改，其任務(wù)是制定樂(lè)譜，搜集歌辭等；魏晉六朝，樂(lè)府則是指帶有音樂(lè)性的詩(shī)體，逐步轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N新的詩(shī)體的名稱。唐時(shí)的樂(lè)府是相對(duì)于近體詩(shī)與一般五七言古詩(shī)而言的另一種比較活潑質(zhì)樸的詩(shī)體，“感于衰樂(lè)，緣事而發(fā)，”具有現(xiàn)實(shí)主義傳統(tǒng)。宋元之后，凡屬合樂(lè)之，如詞、散曲均可稱為“樂(lè)府”。(a): set the former Qin yue fu music organ, after Emperor Wu o

31、f Han Dynasty enrich editing, its task is to make music, collection of song; Wei and Jin Dynasties, Yuefu is refers to with musical style, the name gradually transformed into a new style. Tang Yuefu Poetry is relative to the general five seven poems in terms of a more lively and plain style, "i

32、n the sense of failure, the reason matter," has the tradition of realism. After the song and Yuan Dynasties, all music, such as word, can be called "Yuefu songs".（二）漢樂(lè)府詩(shī)：它主要包括四類作品：1、郊廟歌辭；2、相和歌辭；3、鼓吹曲辭；4、雜曲歌辭。(two) the Han Yuefu Poetry: it mainly includes four categories of works: 1, J

33、iaomiao songs; 2, Xianghe song poem; 3, Guchui; 4, zaqu lyrics.樂(lè)府民歌是在詩(shī)經(jīng)的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來(lái)的，與詩(shī)經(jīng)有共同之處。可以說(shuō)詩(shī)經(jīng)又向前發(fā)展了。The folk songs in "the book of songs" is developed on the basis of, have in common with the "book of songs". Can be said that "the book of songs" moving forward again.3

34、, the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Poetry魏晉南北朝時(shí)期，是五言詩(shī)發(fā)展的全盛時(shí)期，而且開(kāi)始形成不同時(shí)期和不同風(fēng)格的詩(shī)體，主要有建安體、正始體、永嘉體、陶體、謝體、永明體等。在此不作詳細(xì)論述，我們簡(jiǎn)略談?wù)勌諟Y明。The period of Wei and Jin Dynasties, is the development of five word poems heyday, and began to form the style of different periods and different style, mainly in body, Zheng

35、shi body, body, Yongjia ceramic body, Xie body, Yongming style etc. This is not in detail, we briefly talk about Tao Yuanming.陶淵明（365-427）：東晉著名詩(shī)人，名潛，字元亮，私謚靖節(jié)，尋陽(yáng)柴桑人。其詩(shī)的內(nèi)容尤為豐富，通過(guò)對(duì)農(nóng)村田園生活之吟唱，表現(xiàn)躬耕田畝的種種體驗(yàn)與堅(jiān)持崇高理想的斗爭(zhēng)精神，出污泥而不染，并向封建社會(huì)的黑暗統(tǒng)治提出抗議。Tao Yuanming (365-427): the Eastern Jin Dynasty poet, a latent, ch

36、aracter bright, private Shi Jing, Yang Xun wood Sangren. Poems are particularly rich in content, by singing to the rural pastoral life experience, manifestations and bow ploughing Mu struggle spirit of lofty ideal, come out of the dirty mud unsoiled, and protested against the dark rule of the feudal

37、 society.他開(kāi)創(chuàng)中國(guó)的田園詩(shī)，把田園看作是一片純情的凈土，歌頌田園牧歌式的生活，表現(xiàn)其自然天籟與美好。陶淵明具有敏銳的領(lǐng)悟力，生存在那與大自然距離很小的環(huán)境中，對(duì)田園生活的欣賞出見(jiàn)一轍，對(duì)它歌頌詠唱，以至于復(fù)歸自然。如他的歸園田居“暖暖遠(yuǎn)人村，依依墟里煙”，表現(xiàn)一種深遠(yuǎn)的竟境。He started China pastoral poems, the garden as a piece of pure land, sing the praises of the idyllic life, show its natural sounds of nature and beauty. Tao

38、Yuanming has a keen insight, survival in the nature and the distance is very small in the environment, to enjoy the idyllic life out of a rut, it praises the chant, so that the return to nature. Such as his "Sonoda" warm "a village, Yiyi village smoke", a profound artistic concep

39、tion.南北朝的詩(shī)歌形式，上承漢魏，下開(kāi)唐宋，在民間歌辭的基礎(chǔ)上，經(jīng)過(guò)許多詩(shī)人的努力，逐步形成各種詩(shī)體，成為一個(gè)重要的詩(shī)體過(guò)渡時(shí)期。The northern and Southern Dynasties Poetry forms, the Han, Tang and Song Dynasties under open, based on folk songs of the poet, after many efforts, and gradually formed a variety of styles, become an important style of transition per

40、iod.4, the poetry of the Tang Dynasty唐代是我國(guó)詩(shī)史上的黃金時(shí)代，各體詩(shī)歌全面成熟。三百年間，詩(shī)才輩出，作品繁多，題材廣泛，形式多樣，風(fēng)格各異；詩(shī)壇上萬(wàn)紫千紅，百花爭(zhēng)艷。The Tang Dynasty is the golden age of Chinese poetry, the poetry comprehensive mature. In three hundred years, poetry come forth in large numbers, many works, a wide range of subjects, forms, style

41、s of poetry a riot of colour, a hundred flowers contend in beauty.（一）初唐時(shí)期準(zhǔn)備期(a) the early period of the Tang Dynasty - the preparation period這一時(shí)期的代表作家是“初唐四杰”王勃、楊炯、盧照鄰、駱賓王；此外，還有陳子昂。Representative writers of this period are "chutangsijie" - Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, Luo; in addition,

42、and Chen Ziang.（二）盛唐時(shí)期頂峰期(two) the Tang period - peak經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮，國(guó)力強(qiáng)盛，唐詩(shī)發(fā)展至頂峰時(shí)期，題材廣闊，流派眾多，出現(xiàn)“邊塞詩(shī)派”與“田園詩(shī)派”等。偉大的浪漫主義詩(shī)人李白和偉大的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義詩(shī)人杜甫，即是這一時(shí)期最杰出的代表。他們的詩(shī)雄視千古，為一代之冠，在他們的筆下，無(wú)論五律七律，五絕七絕、古風(fēng)歌行皆達(dá)到很高的藝術(shù)成就，正如韓愈所說(shuō)“李杜文章在，光焰萬(wàn)丈長(zhǎng)。”如李白的夢(mèng)游天姥吟留別、將進(jìn)灑；杜甫的三吏、三別等等。Economic prosperity, national prosperity, the development of Tang D

43、ynasty to its peak, a broad themes, genres, "frontier fortress poem" and "Pastoral Poetry" etc. The great romantic poet Li Bai and the great realistic poet Du Fu, is the most outstanding representative of this period. Their poems male as eternal, for the generation of crown, in t

44、heir writings, whatever the five five quatrains, ancient poem, song all to achieve very high artistic achievement, as Han Yu said: "Li Bai in the cast its radiance far and wide, long." Such as Li Bai's "Tianmu Mountain ascended in a dream", "Du Fu" will be spilled;

45、"Sanli", "Sanbie" etc.（二） 中唐與晚唐時(shí)期發(fā)展與成熟期(two) in the Tang Dynasty and the late Tang Dynasty - development and maturity（三） 在中晚唐時(shí)期，詩(shī)人各有成就。但成績(jī)最卓著的要數(shù)白居易，他提出“文章合為時(shí)而著，歌詩(shī)合為事而作”的進(jìn)步理論主張，并親自參加領(lǐng)導(dǎo)“新樂(lè)府運(yùn)動(dòng)”，白居易的詩(shī)明白曉暢，通俗易懂，深受群眾喜愛(ài)，代表作有長(zhǎng)恨歌、琵琶行等。中晚唐詩(shī)人較著名的還有：韋應(yīng)物、劉長(zhǎng)卿、韓愈、孟郊、柳宗元、李賀、李商隱、杜牧等。(three) in th

46、e period in the late Tang Dynasty, poets have achievement. But the most outstanding achievement to Bai Juyi, he proposed "the share with me, and for the progress of" poetry as matter theory, and personally participate in leadership "new Yuefu movement", the poetry of Bai Juyi und

47、erstand, easy to understand, loved by the masses, the representative of "song", "pipa for" etc. There are wantangshiren is famous: Wei Yingwu, Liu Changqing, Han Yu, Meng Jiao, Liu Zongyuan, Li He, Li Shangyin, Du Mu etc.5, the Song Dynasty poetry詞起源于唐代。宋詞是我國(guó)詩(shī)史上又一高峰。北寧著名的詞家有晏幾道、歐

48、陽(yáng)修、范仲淹、王安石、柳永、蘇軾、秦觀、周邦彥等。The term originated in the Tang dynasty. Song Ci is our country history another peak. Beining famous writers are Ou Yangxiu, Fan Zhongyan, Yan Jidao, Wang Anshi, Liu Yong, Su Shi, Qin Guan, Zhou Bangyan.蘇軾（號(hào)東坡），北宋最有名的文學(xué)家，詩(shī)、詞、散文都寫(xiě)得很好。蘇詞題材廣泛，有多方面的藝術(shù)修養(yǎng)，風(fēng)格亦多樣，但其主體風(fēng)格是豪放的。他不僅寫(xiě)男女戀情

49、、離愁別緒，而且也用來(lái)表現(xiàn)愛(ài)國(guó)激情和反映農(nóng)村生活，代表作水調(diào)歌頭、丙辰中秋懷子由、念奴嬌赤壁情古，表現(xiàn)詩(shī)人對(duì)理想之執(zhí)著與追求，對(duì)祖國(guó)美麗河山的贊頌和熱愛(ài)以及對(duì)歷史上英雄人物的向往，感情奔放，聯(lián)想豐富，筆力豪邁，具有積極的浪漫主義色彩，成為豪放派詞家的典范作品。Su Shi (Dongpo), Northern Song Dynasty's most famous writer, poems, essays are well written. Su CI a wide range of subjects, there are many aspects of art, style dive

50、rsity, but its main style is bold. He not only wrote the love between men and women, emotions, but also used to show patriotism and reflect the rural life, the representative "Prelude To Water Melody, Bing Chen mid autumn Cup", by "by Chibi ancient" situation, performance poet of

51、 dedication and the pursuit of the ideal, praise and love the motherland beautiful rivers and mountains and yearning, for history heroic passion, rich association, in bold, with positive romantic color, become the classic works of writers Haofang pai.南宋著名詞人是張孝祥、辛棄疾、李清照、陸游、姜夔。Zhang Xiaoxiang is the f

52、amous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, Xin Qiji, Li Qingzhao, Lu You, Jiang Kui.宋代著名詩(shī)人是歐陽(yáng)修、梅堯臣、蘇舜欽、王安石、蘇東坡、黃庭堅(jiān)、楊萬(wàn)里、范成大、陸游、文天祥，其中以陸游和蘇東坡的成就最高。The famous Song Dynasty poet Ou Yangxiu, Mei Yaochen, Su Shunqin, Wang Anshi, Su Dongpo, Huang Tingjian, Wanli Yang, Fan Chengda, Lu You, Wen Tianxiang, with

53、 Lu You and Su Dongpo the highest achievement.陸游是一個(gè)多產(chǎn)的詩(shī)人，一生寫(xiě)了9300多首詩(shī)，他的不少詩(shī)篇洋溢愛(ài)國(guó)主義豪情，激越悲壯，雄渾豪放，在宋代詩(shī)壇上獨(dú)樹(shù)一幟。代表作如關(guān)山月、金錯(cuò)刀行、書(shū)憤、示兒等，充分表達(dá)了他對(duì)南宋王朝忍辱茍安的憤恨和祖國(guó)命運(yùn)的關(guān)懷。他的詩(shī)不論在當(dāng)時(shí)或?qū)笫溃籍a(chǎn)生過(guò)深遠(yuǎn)的影響。Lu You was a prolific poet, wrote more than 9300 poems, many of his poems full of patriotic passion, vigor and bold, vigorous

54、, become an independent school in the song dynasty. Masterpieces such as "Guan Shanyue", "the wrong knife line", "", "" shows children Shufen, fully expressed his anger and humiliation of the Southern Song Dynasty of the motherland fate. His poems not only at

55、that time or for generations, have produced a far-reaching influence.6, Yuan drama, drama元代是散曲和雜劇興盛的時(shí)代。Yuan Dynasty is the prosperous period of Sanqu and zaju.元代散曲是繼詩(shī)詞而興起的一種新詩(shī)體。馬致遠(yuǎn)是元代散曲之大家，很有影響，其作品多寫(xiě)懷才不遇的悲憤或羈旅飄泊的痛苦，代表作如雙調(diào)夜行船（秋思）、天凈沙（秋思）等。The Yuan Dynasty is a new style of poetry and the rise of the.

56、 Ma Zhiyuan is one of the Yuan Dynasty, very influential, the poems be frustrated for all one's talent grief or journey wandering pain, masterpieces such as "double adjustable ships in the night" (Qiu Si), "Tian Jing Sha" (Qiu Si).“枯藤老樹(shù)皆鴉，小橋流水人家。古道西風(fēng)瘦馬。夕陽(yáng)西下，斷腸人在天涯?！保ㄌ靸羯常?quot;The tree is crow, bridges people. Gu zephyr skate. Sundo