情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (2)

1、 本身有一定的意義，但不能獨(dú)立作本身有一定的意義，但不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)。謂語(yǔ)。 只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。表只能和主要?jiǎng)釉~一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的語(yǔ)氣和情態(tài)。示說(shuō)話(huà)人的語(yǔ)氣和情態(tài)。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后必須跟動(dòng)詞原形必須跟動(dòng)詞原形。原形 can maymusthave toought to過(guò)去式could能夠 might可以(had to )had to -應(yīng)該應(yīng)該原形needdareshallwill-過(guò)去式 needed需要需要dared敢于 應(yīng)該應(yīng)該should wouldusedto 1. can 的基本意思是的基本意思是“能，會(huì)

2、，可以（表示能力）能，會(huì)，可以（表示能力）” = be able to 你會(huì)游泳嗎？你會(huì)游泳嗎？ Can you swim ? = Are you able to swim ? 2.2.可能會(huì)（表示可能性）可能會(huì)（表示可能性） 如果溫度低，水會(huì)變成冰。如果溫度低，水會(huì)變成冰。 Water can be turned into ice when it is cold enough .表示客觀可能性，常用于疑問(wèn)句表示客觀可能性，常用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中。和否定句中。n他會(huì)去哪里呢？他會(huì)去哪里呢？nWhere can he have gone?n這不可能會(huì)是真的。這不可能會(huì)是真的。nIt cant b

3、e true .n2. cannot but + v. 不得不，不會(huì)不，必然n他不得不同意。nHe cannot but agree. n她不得不大聲說(shuō)話(huà)。nShe cannot but talk loudly .n3. （表示許可或請(qǐng)求）可以：（表示許可或請(qǐng)求）可以：n你不可以在人行道上停車(chē)。你不可以在人行道上停車(chē)。nYou cant park on the pavement .n我可以問(wèn)你一個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎？我可以問(wèn)你一個(gè)問(wèn)題嗎？nCan I ask you a question ?n* 一些關(guān)于一些關(guān)于can的特別短語(yǔ)的特別短語(yǔ)n1. can but +v. 表示只得表示只得n我只得做我的作業(yè)。

4、nI can but do my homework . can 和 be able to can 只有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式， be able to 而可以用于各種時(shí)態(tài) can 表示能力時(shí)，可以用be able to 替換。I can (= am able to ) pay for the book .我買(mǎi)得起那本書(shū)。我買(mǎi)得起那本書(shū)。He will be able to tell you the news soon .他很快就能告訴你消息。他很快就能告訴你消息。She has been able to come to school .她已經(jīng)能去學(xué)校。她已經(jīng)能去學(xué)校。 could could 可以用來(lái)代

5、替可以用來(lái)代替cancan， 表示語(yǔ)氣較為委婉表示語(yǔ)氣較為委婉 。Could you get up a bit earlier tomorrow ?Could you get up a bit earlier tomorrow ?你明天起來(lái)早一點(diǎn)好嗎你明天起來(lái)早一點(diǎn)好嗎？Could you wait a few days for the money ?Could you wait a few days for the money ?等幾天付錢(qián)行嗎？等幾天付錢(qián)行嗎？1.Peter could hardly see the words on the blackboard , _ ? （天津） A.

6、 did he B. couldnt he C. didnt he D. could he2. These days we have spent as much time as we _ over our lessons . （山東煙臺(tái)） A. could going B.could to go C. went D.could go1.Henry _ be at home because he phoned me from the farm just now . （天津） A. mustnt B. isnt able to C.may not D.cant 1.Class 3 won the

7、football match ! _ it be true ? (廣東) A. May B. Must C.Will D.Can2.TV and radio programmes _ the other side of the world with the help of the satellites . （重慶） A. can send to B. can send on C.can be sent to D. can be sent on1.The room is big enough . It _ hold 120 people . （廣西南寧） A. can B. must be C.

8、 need D. have to 2. - Will you stay for lunch ? - Sorry , _ .My brother is coming to see me . A. I mustnt B. I cant C. I neednt D. I wont may1 、表示請(qǐng)求、許可 You may stay here till 6oclock. 你可以在這兒呆到6點(diǎn)。 表示征求對(duì)方許可。 May I use your pen ? -Yes, you may . -No, you mustnt. (或No, youd better not.) may may 的疑問(wèn)句以及回答

9、的疑問(wèn)句以及回答： May I take this seat ?-Yes , you may . Sure .- No , you may not . 還可以有下列方式：還可以有下列方式： Yes , of course . Yes , certainly . No , you mustnt . （具有強(qiáng)烈禁止的意思（具有強(qiáng)烈禁止的意思） No, you cant . （口語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常采用這一句型）（口語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常采用這一句型） may (might) can (could) + 完成式表示 must 對(duì)過(guò)去可能發(fā)生事情 的猜測(cè)。He may (might) have read the book .T

10、he road is wet ,it must have rained last night .There isnt any water on the road . It cant have rained last night . may ,might , must用在肯定句中：主語(yǔ) +may ,might , must + be + 動(dòng)詞-ingHe must be sleeping 他現(xiàn)在肯定在睡覺(jué)。 may表示祝愿:May you be happy ! 2、可能性、或許 （談?wù)摽赡苄?、表示推測(cè)現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的可能性，一般用于肯定句） Tomorrow I may go shopping .

11、The news may be true . He might be our new teacher . might 在表示推測(cè)時(shí), 不表示時(shí)態(tài)，只是說(shuō) 明可能性比may還要小。 可以用可以用might I might I 代替代替 May I May I ? ?使語(yǔ)更加委使語(yǔ)更加委婉。婉。- Excuse me , might I borrow your bike ?- Excuse me , might I borrow your bike ?- Yes , you may .- Yes , you may .1.- I hear youve got a set of Australian

12、 stamps ._ I have a look ? - Yes , certainly . A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should2. - Excuse me ,Will you please tell me the way to the nearest hotel ? - Sorry , Im a stranger here . You_ask the policeman over there. A. must B. should C.would D.may must must(1)(1)表示命令，譯為表示命令，譯為“必須必須”“”“應(yīng)應(yīng)該該” You must f

13、inish your homework You must finish your homework on time . on time . Its very late , I must Its very late , I must go home now . go home now .（2 2）表示推測(cè)，）表示推測(cè)，“必定必定”、“一定一定” 只能用于肯定句中，其可能性只能用于肯定句中，其可能性 比更大。比更大。 He is badly ill , he must be in hospital .(3)用于否定句中，表示“禁止”。You mustnt smoke here . 由must提問(wèn)的

14、句子的否定 回答多用neednt . - Must I (we)start now ? - No, you neednt .You mustnt throw rubbish everywhere.You must put rubbish into the dustbin.He mustnt play crazily.Im very bored.He must play sweetly.You mustnt fish here.You mustnt ride your motor bicycle to school.You mustnt be angry with the dogs.or the

15、y will bite you.You must be friendly to them.We mustnt play with fire .1.Cars, buses and bikes _ stop when the traffic lights change to red .（上海） A. can B. may C. must D. need To make our hometown more beautiful , you _ throw rubbish everywhere. A. neent B. mustnt C. must D. may （江蘇南通市）-_ I come bac

16、k before five?-No, you _ . But you _ be back later than seven . A. Need ; must ; mustnt B. May; mustnt ; cant C. Can; cant; cant D. Must ; neednt; cant （山東煙臺(tái)）It _ be Henry . He _ to the reading-room .A.cant ;has been B. cant ; has gone C. mustnt ; has beenD. cant ; had been情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 行為動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞 need nee

17、d need v . need to do sth.1) 作行為動(dòng)詞用作行為動(dòng)詞用 ,有動(dòng)詞的多種形式有動(dòng)詞的多種形式. Everyone needs to rest sometimes .Does everyone need to rest sometimes ? They dont need to come , do they ?We need to practice speaking English , dont we ? He said he needed our help . 1. need 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞僅用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞僅用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句 中肯定句如表示將來(lái)一般用中

18、肯定句如表示將來(lái)一般用 will shall have to Need he go at once ? Yes , he must . ( No, he neednt . ) 當(dāng)然當(dāng)然, 在答語(yǔ)中可以說(shuō)在答語(yǔ)中可以說(shuō): Yes , he has to . No, he doesnt have to. dont doesnt didnt need to dont doesnt didnt have to 2 need 后接動(dòng)名詞后接動(dòng)名詞 ， 主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)含義主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)含義 need to do /need doing -需要做某事需要做某事 The car needs repairing.Or:

19、The car needs to be repaired.You neednt borrow it from him .You dont have to borrow it from him .You dont need to borrow it from him .Need you go there , too ?Must you go there , too ?Do you need to go there , too ? Do you have to go there , too ?1. I neednt tell you about it .2. You neednt return i

20、t before Friday .3. They dont need to bring warm clothes .4. Do you need to go home now ?5. Does he need to hand in his paper ?6. They didnt need to do it yesterday .7. She doesnt have to look after the cat everyday .同義句轉(zhuǎn)換:改為反意疑問(wèn)句 :( 注意比較 )1.We need to do more practice , _ we ?2. I neednt show her t

21、he map , _ I ?3. She needs to come , _ she ?4. They neednt clean them now , _ they?5. You must wash you face now , _ you ?6. She must be Annes friend , _ she ?7. They needed to do it yesterday , _ they?8. Tom neednt go shopping now , _ he ?9. Sue neednt go this week , _ she ?10. I dont have to come

22、early , _ I ? dont need doesnt need mustntisntdidnt need need do must 和have to的用法區(qū)別 must表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀看法。 have to表示客觀的需要，意 思是“不得不”。 第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)用has to 過(guò)去式用had to 將來(lái)時(shí)用will have to - Can you go swimming with us this afternoon ?- Sorry , I cant .I _ look after my sick mother . A. can B. may C.would D. have to 情態(tài)動(dòng)

23、詞- shouldshould = ought to應(yīng)當(dāng)； 應(yīng)該 1. You should study harder . 2. You should not be so careless .shouldnt 你不應(yīng)該這樣粗心大意 。( tell sb. what is the right thing to do .)1.Its dirty here . You _ not sit here . A. may B.can C.will D. should2.The boy _ answer his kind of hard question one year ago . A. can B. m

24、ay C. could D. must1. _ we finish the homework now?” “Yes, we_.” A. Must, need B. Must, neednt C. Need, must D. Mustnt , need2. “Must Peter clean the classroom after class?” “No, he _.” A. cant B. may C. needn D. mustnt1. I _ come so early. A. need not to B. do not need C. not need to D. dont need t

25、o2.“Mary, _ I return the dictionary to you tomorrow?” “No, you _. You _ keep it for a week.” A. Need, may not, can B. May, neednt, can C. Must, neednt, may D. Must, mustnt, must1. “Need I come this afternoon?” “No, you _.” A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not2.Time is up. They _ stop answering the

26、ir questions. A. need B. can C. may D. have to1.She is the best one, I think she _ win the first prize. A. should B. must C. may D. need2.The driver _ obey the rules and drive carefully. A. can B. may C. had to D. mustHe used to be a history teacher .他過(guò)去是位歷史老師。他過(guò)去是位歷史老師。used to句中句中“used to +動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形

27、”這一結(jié)構(gòu)這一結(jié)構(gòu)表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。即過(guò)去經(jīng)常表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。即過(guò)去經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在這種習(xí)慣動(dòng)作不再發(fā)生，在這種習(xí)慣動(dòng)作不再發(fā)生，這種狀態(tài)不復(fù)存在。這種狀態(tài)不復(fù)存在。He basket when he was young .他年輕時(shí)時(shí)常打籃球。他年輕時(shí)時(shí)常打籃球。used to used not to do sth. Used you to stay up late ? 你過(guò)去常熬夜嗎？你過(guò)去常熬夜嗎？There usednt to be any trees here, used did there ? 過(guò)去這兒沒(méi)有樹(shù)，是嗎？過(guò)去這兒沒(méi)有樹(shù)，是嗎？D

28、id he use to smoke a lot ?過(guò)去他抽煙多嗎過(guò)去他抽煙多嗎? dare 作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,主要用于疑問(wèn)句主要用于疑問(wèn)句否定句否定句 條件句或感嘆句條件句或感嘆句,表示表示“敢敢,膽敢膽敢”的意思的意思. 1. I dare not swim across the river 20 meters wide .2. Dare you tell the truth to the manager ?3.How dare you ! Get out immediately!1。我對(duì)他說(shuō)明天我將要去看他。我對(duì)他說(shuō)明天我將要去看他。1.I told him that I _ s

29、ee him the next day.2.你睡覺(jué)之前應(yīng)該刷牙。你睡覺(jué)之前應(yīng)該刷牙。2. You _ brush your teeth before _. You _ _ brush your teeth before _.3. 我們應(yīng)該為我們的祖國(guó)而感到驕傲。我們應(yīng)該為我們的祖國(guó)而感到驕傲。3. We should _ proud _ our motherland.3. We _ _ be proud _ our motherland.shouldshould sleeping ought to sleeping be of ought to ofChoose the best answer

30、1 -Must we finish the work before five? -No , you_.You can do it tomorrowa. mustnt b may not c cant d neednt2 -Must I get up so early,Mum? -No, you_b.cant b may not c mustnt d neednt3 -Shall I tell John about it? -No , you_. Ive told him already.c. neednt b. wouldnt c mustnt d shouldntdda-Where s Mr lee ?I have something unusual to tell him.-You _ find him . He _ Japan. （2003 黑龍江）A. may not ; has gone