四六級(jí)寫作高分策略課件

1、四六級(jí)寫作高分策略四六級(jí)寫作高分策略1.1.盡量避免不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤：盡量避免不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤： 只有評(píng)卷人認(rèn)可了你語法掌握的水平，他才會(huì)抱著寬容甚至欣賞的態(tài)度看你的句型設(shè)計(jì)，用詞和例證的援引。 CET作文常見錯(cuò)誤作文常見錯(cuò)誤在實(shí)際的閱卷過程中，語法錯(cuò)誤，是閱卷人員的主要在實(shí)際的閱卷過程中，語法錯(cuò)誤，是閱卷人員的主要“照顧點(diǎn)照顧點(diǎn)”，大家可以設(shè)，大家可以設(shè)想一下，一篇語法上漏洞百出、嚴(yán)重影響表達(dá)的作文又會(huì)有什么樣的好內(nèi)容呢？想一下，一篇語法上漏洞百出、嚴(yán)重影響表達(dá)的作文又會(huì)有什么樣的好內(nèi)容呢？因此，認(rèn)清各種各樣的語法錯(cuò)誤，盡可能地避免少犯，對于提高作文分是有極大因此，認(rèn)清各種各樣的語法錯(cuò)誤，盡

2、可能地避免少犯，對于提高作文分是有極大的幫助的?，F(xiàn)將閱卷過程中所發(fā)現(xiàn)的大量語言錯(cuò)誤逐一歸類，抽出其中的典型錯(cuò)的幫助的?，F(xiàn)將閱卷過程中所發(fā)現(xiàn)的大量語言錯(cuò)誤逐一歸類，抽出其中的典型錯(cuò)誤，以警示大家。誤，以警示大家。1.句子成分殘缺不全句子成分殘缺不全We always working till late at night before taking exams.(誤誤)We are always working (We always work) till late at night before taking exams(正正)We should read books which may be u

3、seful to us. (正正)We should read books may be useful to us. (誤誤) 2.句子成分多余句子成分多余This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. (誤誤)One test ends, but another is waiting for you. (正正)The driver of the red car was died on the spot. (誤誤)The driver of the red car died on the spot. (正正) 3.

4、主謂不一致主謂不一致 Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. (誤誤)Some think that reading should be selective. (正正)My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. (誤誤)My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. (正正) 4.動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的誤用動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的誤用I was walking along the road, and there are not

5、so many cars on the street. (誤誤)I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. (正正)We have little time to read some books which we interest. (誤誤)We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. (正正)I am a student who has studying in the college for

6、two years. (誤誤)I have been studying in the college for two years(正正) 5.詞類混淆詞類混淆 It is my point that reading must be selectively. (誤誤)In my opinion, reading must be selective. (正正)Honest is so important for everyperson. (誤誤)Honesty is so important for everyone. (正正)The old man was hit by a car when h

7、e across the street. (誤誤)The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street. (正正) 6.名詞可數(shù)與不可數(shù)的誤用名詞可數(shù)與不可數(shù)的誤用 Too much tests are disadvantage for students study. (誤誤)Too many tests are disadvantageous to students. (正正)In the presidents office, we have found new equipments of various kinds. (誤

8、誤)In the presidents office, we have found new equipment of various kinds. (正正) 7.動(dòng)詞及物與不及物的誤用動(dòng)詞及物與不及物的誤用 The traffic accident was taken place at the junction of two highways. (誤誤)The traffic accident took place at the junction of two highways. (正正)Because of his excellent performance, the boss rose h

9、is salary. (誤誤)Because of his excellent performance, the boss raised his salary. (正正) 8.介詞介詞to和不定式符號(hào)的混淆和不定式符號(hào)的混淆Too many tests will do harm to cultivate our independent thinking. (誤誤)Too many tests will do harm to the cultivation of our independent thinking. (正正)All these contributed to solve the se

10、rious problem. (誤誤)All these contributed to the solution to the serious problem. (正正) 9.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的誤用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的誤用 It may not good to our health. (誤誤)It may be not good to our health. (正正)They should spent much time. (誤誤)They should spend much time. (正正) 10. There be句型的誤用句型的誤用 There exists some new problems suc

11、h as being dishonest. (誤誤)There exist/arise some new problems such as being dishonest. (正正)There are many students think college education is worthwhile. (誤誤)There are many students who think college education is worthwhile. (正正) 11. 動(dòng)賓搭配不當(dāng)動(dòng)賓搭配不當(dāng) We must pay attention to it and make solutions to the

12、 problem. (誤誤)We must pay attention and find a solution to the problem. (正正)It also may help you to make success. (誤誤)It may also help you succeed/obtain your goal. (正正) 12. 根據(jù)中文逐字硬譯根據(jù)中文逐字硬譯 If someones family situation is not well, he can apply for loan to bank. (誤誤)If ones family is not well off,

13、he can apply to the bank for a loan. (正正)Let alone touch the outside world of campus. (誤誤)Let alone get in touch with the world outside of the campus.(正正)keep a good body health. (誤誤)keep fit .(正正)2. 2. 句型要有變化性句型要有變化性 考生不可全以簡單句拼湊文章，應(yīng)主動(dòng)使用復(fù)句、倒裝、排比、平行結(jié)構(gòu)及動(dòng)詞短語，體現(xiàn)出良好的語言駕馭能力。 以形容詞或形容詞組開頭以形容詞或形容詞組開頭Mary was

14、 very pleased and telephoned her mother Pleased，Mary telephoned her mother The girl，hungry and thirsty，went back home Hungry and thirsty，the girl went back home以副詞開頭以副詞開頭The child stayed there quietly Quietly，the child stayed there 以不定式開頭以不定式開頭 He got up very early to catch the busTo catch the bus，h

15、e got up very early以現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞開頭以現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞開頭 I was filled with anticipation when I came home from school that dark winters day so long agoComing home from school that dark winters day so long ago，I was filled with anticipationIf you give me enough time，I can do it well Given enough time，I can do it w

16、ell 以介詞短語開頭以介詞短語開頭 Chester like many other adventurers had experienced fear and conquered itLike many other adventurers，Chester had experienced fear and conquered it以同位語開頭以同位語開頭Sue，our monitor，always likes giving suggestions to everybodyOur monitor，Sue，always likes giving suggestions to everybody以從句

17、開頭以從句開頭Francis had already surprised his friends several times before he sailed round the world single-handedBefore he sailed round the world single-handed，F(xiàn)rancis had already surprised his friends several timesYou will greatly improve your finished product if you have a quality control inspectionIf

18、 you have a quality control inspection， you will greatly improve your finished product3. 一定要學(xué)會(huì)換詞一定要學(xué)會(huì)換詞，形象具體的代替太寬泛的。（考試中一般，形象具體的代替太寬泛的。（考試中一般不要出現(xiàn)不要出現(xiàn)good, bad , many, thing, think, people, opinion 等等等）等）eg. It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service i

19、ndustry like that. Thus, its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively. applicable代替代替proper, approaches代替代替ways, implement代替代替carry out, sharpen ones competitive edge代替代替enhance ones competitiveness（提高某物競爭力）（提高某物競爭力）, Computer and IComputer and I I never forget the exceedingly thrilling day wh

20、en my mother bought me a computer as birthday present, which exerted a tremendous fascination on me so that i indulged myself in googling an army of useful information i had expected, and enjoy a sea of melodious classic music. That night I was sleepless, feeling that the whole world belonged to me.

21、exceedingly 替換替換 verythrilling 替換替換 excitingsth. exert a tremendous fascination on sb 替換替換 sb. be interested in sth.google 替換替換 searchan army of ,a sea of替換替換 a lot of The dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of computers. Coincident with the advancement of science and technol

22、ogy, computers pouring into the current society as a fashion are appealing to growing individuals. It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged by them, in large measure! The dawn of the new century witnessed 是一個(gè)精彩句型，用是一個(gè)精彩句型，用來描述在某個(gè)時(shí)期發(fā)生了什么事情；來描述在某個(gè)時(shí)期發(fā)生了什么事情； Increasing popularity 替換替換 more a

23、nd more popular Coincident with 非常地道的詞匯，表達(dá)非常地道的詞匯，表達(dá)“與與一致一致”的意思，的意思，替換替換 With Advancement 替換替換 development Pour into ( flood into / swarm into )替換替換 enter into Current ( currently )替換替換 now Appeal to sb. 替換替換 sb. be interested in sth. Growing individuals 替換替換 more and more people It is no exaggerati

24、on to say 經(jīng)典句型，經(jīng)典句型， 說某事是毫不夸張的說某事是毫不夸張的 For a start, we can, freely, search desired information at any moment. Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened. Additionally, we can get huge recreations online by chatting, playing games, or delivering

25、 email. For a start 替換替換 To begin with We can, freely, search 用了插入語的寫作手法用了插入語的寫作手法 Our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened 用了非常精彩的被動(dòng)用了非常精彩的被動(dòng) Additionally 替換替換 In addition / Besides Deliver 替換替換 send There is no denying that , however, computers can function i

26、n the disservice of human beings, in a way, especially the growing violence, porn pictures, AV-films emerging on the screen , which leads quiet a few net citizens to copying. There is no denying that , however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, 這個(gè)句子有三這個(gè)句子有三個(gè)精彩之處，首先個(gè)精彩之處，首先The

27、re is no denying that這個(gè)句型，還有這個(gè)句型，還有however作為插入語，作為插入語， function in the disservice of 替換替換 do harm to Emerging 代替代替 appearing ( fading 代替代替 disappearing ) As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds，computers do play a positive role in the development of people lives, despite a slice of unf

28、avorable impacts. We should ,therefore, take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet. No garden has no weeds 替換替換 Every coin has two sides Computers do play ，do 強(qiáng)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào) Positive 替換替換 important / good 等等 A slice of 替換替換 a part of Unfavorable 替換替換 bad Impacts 替換替換 effects / influences We sho

29、uld, therefore, take advantage of 使用插入語使用插入語 Fruits (而且而且fruits 用的非常形象，用的非常形象， merits/ virtues) 替換替換 advantages ( defects 替換替換 disadvantages ) Facet 替換替換 aspect 最經(jīng)典的替換詞最經(jīng)典的替換詞1.individuals,characters, folks代替代替people ,persons 2. positive, favorable, rosy(美好的美好的)，promising (有希望的有希望的)，perfect, pleasur

30、able , excellent, outstanding代替代替good 3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse(有害的有害的), be less impressive代替代替bad eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a resul

31、t, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of , many, if not most)代替代替many. 注：用注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，一定要小心，many后一定要有詞。后一定要有詞。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that 同理同理 用用most, if not all ,代替代替most. 5: a slice of,

32、 quiet a few , several代替代替some 6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替替think (因?yàn)槭菚嬲Z，所以要加因?yàn)槭菚嬲Z，所以要加that) 7:affair ,business ,matter 代替代替thing 8: shared 代代 common 9.reap huge fruits 代替代替get much benefit ) 10:

33、for my part ,from my own perspective 代替代替 in my opinion 11:Increasing(ly),growing 代替代替more and more ( 注意沒有注意沒有g(shù)rowingly這種形式。所以當(dāng)修飾名詞時(shí)用這種形式。所以當(dāng)修飾名詞時(shí)用increasing/growing.修飾形容詞，副詞用修飾形容詞，副詞用increasingly. Eg. sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12.exc

34、eedingly ,extremely替換替換 very13.benefitial, rewarding代替代替helpful14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 代替代替customer15. thrilling 替換替換 exciting16.nevertheless 代代 but17.sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 代替代替sb be interested in18.capture ones attention代替代替attract ones attention

35、19.facet,demension,sphere代代aspect20.be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代代 indicate, suggest ,fear21.give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 代替代替cause22.magnificent ,cute, pretty, gorgeous代替代替 beautiful 23.desire 代替代替want24.pour attention into 代替代替pay attention to 25.bear in mind that

36、 代替代替remember26. enjoy, possess 代替代替have27. interaction代替代替communication28.frown on sth代替代替 be against , disagree with sth29.to name only a few, as an example代替代替 for example30. next to/virtually impossible,代替代替nearly impossible（ 后為精彩替換詞）：后為精彩替換詞）：31idea/opinion notion/ standpoint/perspective/outloo

37、k32. reasonable rational/ sensible/advisable33. consider ponder/contemplate/deliberate34. use utilize/ take advantage of35. deliver/send convey/ transmit/ transfer36. serious severe/austere/ stern37. obvious apparent/ evident/ transparent/conspicuous38. important significant/crucial/critical/ vital/

38、fatal39. according to in accordance with/ based on40. basic essential/fundamental/ elemental/ elementary41. main/chief principal/ primary/ dominant/ predominant/ cardinal42. partportion/ section/ fraction43. public/common ordinary/extensive/comprehensive44. task/work assignment/ commission45. method

39、/ way measure/mode/approach/remedy(指補(bǔ)救的辦法指補(bǔ)救的辦法)46. famous distinguished/ prominent/ eminent/ striking47. catch capture/ grasp/grip/(fig.)digest48. big enormous/immense/tremendous/ massive/ sweeping /colossal/gigantic49. search/look for google/ransack/ rummage50. finally eventually/terminally/ultima

40、tely51. striking astonishing/ amazing/ 52. unbelievable incredible/ inconceivable53. prove/justify confirm/ certify/ substantiate54. various diverse/myriad/ multitudinous/ miscellaneous55. complex elaborated/ sophisticated /complicated/intricate56.unchanging permanent/ constant/ enduring57. instant

41、/momentary temporary/ephemeral/ transient58. arbitrary 武斷的武斷的59top summit/culmination/ acme/zenith/peak60. improve promote/ accelerate/ boost/enhance61. explain interpret/illustrate/illuminate/ elucidate/depict62. change alter/ convert/ transform/diversify/modify63. centre core/kernel/ nucleus64. ag

42、ree approve sb. Of sth./ consent to do /concur with sb. in doing sth.65. dont know be ignorant of sth.66. in order to for the sake of 67.ability qualification/ capacity/ capability/ competence68. buy purchase/procure69. about大約大約 approximate/ estimated70. rule/principle regulation/doctrine/formula71

43、. give offer sth. to sb./provide for/supplyfor72. traditional conventional/ conservative73. dangerous perilous/ hazardous/ precarious74. actually substantially/ practically75. careful cautious/discreet/ prudent/ scrupulous76. old/ out-of-date obsolete/ancient/antiquated77. productive pregnant 78good

44、 part advantage/merit/strength79. brave gallant/valiant/intrepid80. excellent/good splendid/glorious/brilliant/magnificent /marvelous 81. natural spontaneous/ instinctive, inherent 82. necessary compulsory /obligatory/mandatory 83. finish accomplish/ consummate 84. carry out implement 85. about關(guān)于關(guān)于(

45、prep.) regarding/ concerning 86. difference divergence/ inconsistency/discrepasy/incongruity 87.not clear ambiguous /suspicious/ dubious/ implicit 88. decisive crucial/critical 89. cause/ arouse trigger/stimulate/whet 90. reform evolution/innovation 91. city metropolis92. admit acknowledge/concede93

46、.avoid avert/ dodge/ evade94. start/begin embark on sth./ commence to do sth./initiate sth.95. give up abandon/renounce/relinquish96. destroy devastate/demolish/exterminate97. puzzle bewilder/perplex /mystify98.surface superficial/ostensible99. the campus the Ivory Tower100.the net(internet) the fic

47、titious world/the electronic world/ the cyber world 101. a lot of a multitude of/ a galaxy of 102. many myriad/ umpteen 103. wethe public/the individuals/the folks 104. as a result consequently 105. popularprevalent4.主題句放開頭。主題句放開頭。作為應(yīng)試手段，考生應(yīng)現(xiàn)實(shí)地去爭取做到開宗明作為應(yīng)試手段，考生應(yīng)現(xiàn)實(shí)地去爭取做到開宗明義，將主題句義，將主題句 (Topic Sentenc

48、e) 放在每段開頭。將提綱以主題句的形式放在每段開頭。將提綱以主題句的形式放在每段開頭表述出來，就可避免跑題放在每段開頭表述出來，就可避免跑題.5.寫好第一句話。寫好第一句話。這樣容易給閱卷者留下一個(gè)好印象，最好能這樣容易給閱卷者留下一個(gè)好印象，最好能用上一個(gè)復(fù)句，里面要用上用上一個(gè)復(fù)句，里面要用上2-3個(gè)難的單詞或詞組個(gè)難的單詞或詞組。 6. 主動(dòng)使用生動(dòng)的成語、諺語及有說服力的引語。主動(dòng)使用生動(dòng)的成語、諺語及有說服力的引語。每次每次練習(xí)時(shí)，把這些成語、諺語、引語劃出來，以強(qiáng)化主動(dòng)使用的意練習(xí)時(shí)，把這些成語、諺語、引語劃出來，以強(qiáng)化主動(dòng)使用的意識(shí)。例如，在論述求知的艱難時(shí)，可引用識(shí)。例如，在

49、論述求知的艱難時(shí)，可引用There is no royal road to learning. (做學(xué)問無捷徑可做學(xué)問無捷徑可走走)7. 學(xué)會(huì)回避。學(xué)會(huì)回避。譬如，想表示某人過著豪華的生活，可以說譬如，想表示某人過著豪華的生活，可以說 He lived a kind of luxurious life. 但考生如不會(huì)寫但考生如不會(huì)寫 luxurious 這個(gè)詞，不妨回避，切勿生拼硬造?？忌梢哉f這個(gè)詞，不妨回避，切勿生拼硬造。考生可以說 He had a car, a big house and a large company.bread car - microbus/van“Mr Kong”

50、,“teacher Kong” - Confucius， a great educator in the history of China孟子是孟子是Menciusthe boy putting sheep，the boy sending sheep, the boy MU sheep, -shepherd, the little boy，8. 主動(dòng)使用過渡詞主動(dòng)使用過渡詞。例如使用例如使用firstly, secondly, to make long short, moreover, however, furthermore 等等，這樣，會(huì)使文章層次清晰，也使等等，這樣，會(huì)使文章層次清晰，也

51、使自己思路清楚。自己思路清楚。9. 注意避免邏輯錯(cuò)誤。注意避免邏輯錯(cuò)誤。例例: 1997年年1月六級(jí)考試作文題目為月六級(jí)考試作文題目為 Haste Makes Waste，一考生，一考生的第一段第一句為的第一段第一句為 The faster the better， because they can save time in this way.這樣寫顯然不妥，因?yàn)檫@樣寫，就等于認(rèn)定快并這樣寫顯然不妥，因?yàn)檫@樣寫，就等于認(rèn)定快并可以省時(shí)可以省時(shí).10.適當(dāng)用被動(dòng)代替主動(dòng)適當(dāng)用被動(dòng)代替主動(dòng)，句子開頭不要總是用，句子開頭不要總是用we / I （比如寫結(jié)尾（比如寫結(jié)尾時(shí)不用時(shí)不用we should p

52、ay attention to而用而用Attention should be paid to. ）經(jīng)典結(jié)尾：經(jīng)典結(jié)尾：It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. Thus, its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively. 1.善于使用插入語善于使用插入語，比如說把副詞、連接詞等，作插入語放在中間，比如說把副詞、連接詞等，作插入語放在中間，一般放在主語、動(dòng)詞或者助

53、動(dòng)詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號(hào)。一般放在主語、動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號(hào)。 如如however / therefore /for example/I believe 做插入語放在中間，一般放做插入語放在中間，一般放在動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號(hào)。在動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞后，兩邊分別加上逗號(hào)。 比如說：比如說： Other individuals, however, take the attitude that 2字?jǐn)?shù)要足夠字?jǐn)?shù)要足夠。但不要寫得太長但不要寫得太長(四級(jí)在四級(jí)在120-180之間；六級(jí)在之間；六級(jí)在150-200之間之間)，否則容易引起閱卷者的反感。，否則容易引起閱卷者的反感。3.

54、卷面要整潔卷面要整潔。卷面潦草字跡不清的文章，常常還沒有看到內(nèi)容就會(huì)使卷面潦草字跡不清的文章，常常還沒有看到內(nèi)容就會(huì)使人產(chǎn)生厭惡人產(chǎn)生厭惡 。14.擇語的準(zhǔn)確性擇語的準(zhǔn)確性Do not write so that your words may be understood, but write so that your words must be understood. The difference between the right word and the almost-right word is as great as that between lighting and the light

55、ing bug. (Mark Twain)15.多余的或轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角的詞語都不利于明白地表達(dá)思想多余的或轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角的詞語都不利于明白地表達(dá)思想 莎士比亞的名言莎士比亞的名言“Brevity is the soul of wit”,相當(dāng)于漢語的相當(dāng)于漢語的“言貴言貴簡潔簡潔”。 mutual aid (to each other) (mutual) aid to each other， (an entirely) complete confidence， repeat the question (again)， Return (back) from abroad，etc.Task1: Replace

56、the underlined parts Task1: Replace the underlined parts 1.In my opinion, those who are against the Internet think that it has a lot of advantages.From my perspective, the opponents of the Internet hold the view that it has a number of advantages.Task1: Replace the underlined parts Task1: Replace th

57、e underlined parts 2.In general, we can safely draw the conclusion that moving to suburb is good to a citys growth.In a word, we can safely come to / arrive at the conclusion that moving to suburb benefits a citys development. Task1: Replace the underlined parts Task1: Replace the underlined parts 3

58、.On the one hand, the teacher should punish the lazy students; on the other hand, such phenomena should be reported.For one thing, the teacher should impose punishment on the lazy students. For another, such phenomena should be reported.Task1: Replace the underlined parts Task1: Replace the underlin

59、ed parts 4.In the current society, some people dream of making much money overnight and take risks to produce pirated products. In the present society, some people dream of making a fortune overnight and take risks to produce pirated products. Task1: Replace the underlined parts Task1: Replace the u

60、nderlined parts 5.Nowadays, every one of us has been faced with many instances of dishonesty. Nowadays, every one of us has been confronted with many cases of dishonesty.Task 1: Replace the underlined parts Task 1: Replace the underlined parts 6.But in some cases, talking is the right choice.Neverth