中考專題復(fù)習(xí)分類匯編：題型3-閱讀理解-專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練11-風(fēng)俗文化

1、專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練十一風(fēng)俗文化時(shí)間：810分鐘/篇 分值：2分/小題Passage 1 (2018 邵陽(yáng))China is a large country. The population is over 1.3 billion. It has a special culture with a very long history.Chinese food plays an important role for Chinese families. Different foods have special meanings. The main difference is that Chinese people

2、 eat their meals with chopsticks.One of the main foods in Chinese culture is rice. Tea is a favorite drinkand it is popular in the market.Chinese calendar is different from the one used in western countries. NewYears Day is in late winter.It is also called the Spring Festival. It has a big celebrati

3、onof ringing out the old and ringing in the new. It has special foods and traditions. For example, sweeping the floor before New Years Day sweeps away all the old years bad luck.The Chinese zodiac( 生 肖)，known as Sheng Xiao, follows a twelve - year cycle. Each year is namedfor an animal. These animal

4、 signs are the rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog and pig. For example, the year that begins in 2018 is the year of the monkey.Chinese is a complex(復(fù)雜的)language. Chinese writing developed almost 4 , 000 years ago and may even be older. Chinese writing has thous

5、ands of characters. A character stands for a word and also a meaning. Besides Putonghua, Chinese people speak six other forms of the language, and there are many kinds of dialects.()1. Whats the population of China?A. Almost 4 , 000.B. More than 1.3 billion.C. 12 million.()2. The underlined “dialect

6、s probably means inChinese.A.交際B.對(duì)話C.方言()3. According to the passage, whats one of the main foods in China?A. Tea. B. Rice. C. Meat.()4. The year that begins in 2018 isnt the year of the monkey, is it?A. Yes, it is. B. No, it isnt. C. I dont know.()5. Whats the main idea of the passage?A. Different

7、foods have special meanings in Chinese culture.B. Chinese is a popular language.C. Chinese culture.Passage 2 (2018 黃石)Are you an eating - lover? Do you want to eat every delicious food in the world?Then do you watch the popular program A Bite of China? Its a TV program on Chinese delicious food whic

8、h has been produced by CCTV. Is there any holiday that isnt celebrated with special festival food? Here are several traditional Chinese foods :Noodles are a symbol of long life in Chinese culture. They are as much a part of Chinese birthday celebration as a birthday cake with its candles lit in many

9、 western countries. Since noodles mean long life, it is considered very unlucky to cut it off.Although westerners sometimes may be very sorry to see fish lying on the plate, in China a whole fish is a symbol of richness. In fact, at a party it is a tradition to serve the whole fish last, pointed tow

10、ards the most valued guest. Fish also has a special meaning because the Chinese word for fish, yu, sounds like the word for richness or plenty, and it is believed that eating fish will help your wishes come true in the year to come.A very popular dish during the Dragon Boat Festival is Zongzi. This

11、tasty dish is madeof rice dumplings with meat, peanuts or other delicious food in bambooleaves. The tradition of Zongzi is meant to remind us of a great man, Qu Yuan in Chinese history.()1. A Bite of China is A. a magazineB. a newspaperC. a film D. a TV program()2. According to the passage, in tradi

12、tional Chinese culture, people willeat on their birthdays.A. eggs B. noodles C. fishD. cakes()3. Fish has a special meaning in Chinese culture mainly because A. it is served last at a partyB. it is pointed to the valued guestC. it sounds like the word yu in ChineseD. it is so delicious that all Chin

13、ese people like itE. )4. in the Dragon Boat Festival make(s) us think of Qu Yuan.A. Zongzi B. Meat C. Peanuts D. DumplingsF. )5. The article mainly talks about A. Chinese food B. Chinese historyC. Chinese festivals D. Chinese languagePassage 3 (2018 河北 )In the eyes of many foreigners, Chinese are th

14、e best hosts(主人 )and the worstguests in the world. Theyre not really bad guests, but because the guest- hostrelationship in China is much different than in some western countries, it appears they are not nice guests. And western hosts sometimes look rude( 粗魯?shù)?)in the eyes of Chinese guests.In China,

15、 guests are almost like gods. Whenever I enter a Chinese persons home, there is always fruit on the table for me, and someone is quick to bring me a cup of tea or water. In the west, generally the guest is not a god. Acting according to the hosts way of doing things is usual behavior for a guest.My

16、wifes mother, a very kind elderly Chinese lady, doesnt smoke. When I see some of her guests smoking in her house, as a non- smoker, I feel unhappy. Usually I want to stop them directly, but I must realize that in China, to be a good host, she must not do that. In most North American homes, if you ar

17、e a guest, and the hosts are not smokers, you should not smoke in their house. At the very least, you could ask, “ Is it OK if I smoke ？” But, dont be surprised if they say,“ No, you cant smoke. In our culture, if you smoke in their home, you are a bad guest, but if they do not allow you to smoke in

18、 their house, they are not a rude host.Guests in China also have special habits. Somewestern people maynot adapt to these habits very soon. Thankfully my wife is Chinese, so whenever we visit a Chinese family she tells me to buy them a gift. However, giving a gift to a host is not always necessary i

19、n my country. So, if you invite international guests to your house, dont be too surprised if they dont bring you a gift.In China, you probably wont need to change the guest-host relationship very much because you will probably only be the host, and Chinese are naturally very good hosts. If western h

20、osts invite you to their house, try not to be too surprised if their style of treating you is not what you have expected.()1. Many foreigners think that Chinese hosts are the in the world.A. best B. worstC. most natural D. most different()2. When a western guest visits a Chinese family, he oftenA. b

21、uys some fruit B. feels like a godC. wants some gifts D. takes a cup of tea()3. If the writers guests want to smoke in his house, what will he probablysay?A. Its OK if you smoke here.B. Lets smoke together.C. Sorry, you cant smoke here.D. Smoking is a bad habit.C. )4. What is the meaning of the unde

22、rlined phrase a adapt to in the passage?A. think back to B. get used toC. look forward to D. keep close to()5. What is the main idea of this passage?A. Foreigners should learn from Chinese.B. Hosts must do things in the guests way.C. Western hosts are always nice to guests.D. People should understan

23、d cultural differences. 專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練十一風(fēng)俗文化Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。從食物、節(jié)日習(xí)俗、生肖和語(yǔ)言等方面介紹了 中國(guó)悠久的文化。1. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：中國(guó)的人口是多少？根據(jù)第一段第二句The populationis over 1.3 billion.可知選B。2. C【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。題干意為：劃線單詞“dialects的漢語(yǔ)意思可能是根據(jù)本段最后一句 Besides PutonghuaChinese people speak six other forms of the language, and there are many

24、 kinds of dialects.”可知，除了普通話，中國(guó)人還說(shuō)這種語(yǔ)言的六種其他形式，并且有許多種方言，故選C3. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)短文，在中國(guó)一種主要的食物是什么？根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句One of the main foods in Chinese culture is rice.可知選 B；4. A【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：2018年開(kāi)始的這一年不是猴年，是嗎？根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句 For example,the year that begins in 2018 is the year of the monkey.”可知 2018 年開(kāi)始的這一年是猴年， 故

25、選A。5. C【解析】主旨大意題。題干意為：這篇文章的主旨大意是什么？分析整篇文章可知，全文主要介紹了中國(guó)歷史悠久的文化， 故選C。Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了中國(guó)的食物面條、魚(yú)和粽子的寓意和文化內(nèi)涵。1. D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為： 舌尖上的中國(guó)是。由文章第一段第四句 Itsa TV program on Chinese delic ious food. 可知舌尖上的中國(guó)是一檔電視節(jié)目。故選 ”D。2. B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：根據(jù)這篇文章 ，在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中，人們?cè)谏盏臅r(shí) 候吃。 根據(jù)文章第二段“ Noodles are a symbol of long life in Chinese culture. They are as much apart of Chinese birthday celebration . 可知在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中”， 人們過(guò)生日要吃面條。故選B。3. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。題干意為：在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中魚(yú)有著特殊的含義主要是因?yàn)椤Ｓ晌恼碌箶?shù)第二段最后一句中“ .because the Chinese word for fish,yu, sounds like the word forrichness or plenty.” 可知， 魚(yú)在中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化中的特殊意義在于