第三章溫度與園林植物ppt課件

1、熱冷熱冷冷住宅兩側(cè)的喬木可加強(qiáng)通風(fēng)效果，茂密的喬木在夏季有助于引風(fēng)入室沿房屋的長(zhǎng)邊且迎風(fēng)一側(cè)種植樹木時(shí)，如樹木沿房屋兩端向外延伸，則可增大風(fēng)速，加強(qiáng)室內(nèi)的通風(fēng)效果。茂密的喬木對(duì)氣流有阻擋作用。因此若迎風(fēng)種植一排茂密喬木，可以使風(fēng)向發(fā)生偏轉(zhuǎn)，從而引風(fēng)入室若在迎風(fēng)一側(cè)的窗前種植一排低于窗臺(tái)的灌木，如灌木與窗的間距在4.56米以內(nèi)，則往往可使吹進(jìn)室內(nèi)的風(fēng)的角度向下傾斜，從而有利于促進(jìn)通風(fēng)效果利用高低樹木的配置，從垂直方向引導(dǎo)氣流流入室內(nèi)居住社區(qū)水面周邊遮陽光設(shè)計(jì)：根據(jù)居民的生活規(guī)律，一般下午3、4點(diǎn)之后到居住社區(qū)公共綠地活動(dòng)的人數(shù)比較多，這時(shí)的太陽高度角為X，若在水池的一邊種植喬木，另一邊可植灌木形

2、成樹籬。當(dāng)太陽高度角大于X時(shí)，水面反射的太陽輻射可被喬木阻擋，而當(dāng)居民的外出活動(dòng)增多時(shí)，高度角較低太陽輻射可以由樹籬遮擋，從而不會(huì)被水面反射，保證了居民活動(dòng)環(huán)境的舒適性一般：白天弱，晚上強(qiáng)；秋冬季強(qiáng)，春夏弱；大都市強(qiáng)，小城鎮(zhèn)弱。下墊面不同下墊面不同期比露天略長(zhǎng)，但凍土層深度明顯期比露天略長(zhǎng)，但凍土層深度明顯高于露天高于露天n樓西與樓東差異不大樓西與樓東差異不大N7m24.5m24.5m城市綠化屋頂綠化(1)、采用人工合成種植土代替露地耕土(2)、設(shè)置過濾層，以防止種植土隨澆灌水和雨水而流失(3)、設(shè)置排水層，在人工合成土、過濾層之下，設(shè)置排水、儲(chǔ)水和通氣層，以利于植物生長(zhǎng)表表1 1 屋頂綠化植

3、物基質(zhì)厚度要求屋頂綠化植物基質(zhì)厚度要求植物類型規(guī)格m）基質(zhì)厚度cm）小型喬木H=2.02.560大灌木H=1.52.05060小灌木H=1.01.53050草本、地被植物H=0.21.01030植物的養(yǎng)護(hù) 定期的水分補(bǔ)充定期施肥剪根固定植物Garden shed roof, from North Carolina Green Technology Building Database. Conservatorium of Music, Sydney by Water Sensitive Urban Design, Sydney. Vertical turf by Fytogreen Austra

4、liaThe roof garden of the Art and Exhibition Hall in Bonn, Germany.School of Art and Design, Singapore. Photos: Sidonie CarpenterGetty Centre, LA. Photo: Sidonie Carpenter. DPI Marine and Freshwater Resource Institute, Queenscliff, Victoria, designed by Lyons ArchitectsAustralias Parliament House, C

5、anberra. Photo: Hillmanimages The California Academy of SciencesThe California Academy of SciencesSolaire Building, New York. Photo: Earth ObservatoryTurf and sedum roofs from Safeguard Europe.European green roof and living wall from ecotourism. Roof Meadows by Roofscapes Inc Nth America Charles Stu

6、rt University, Albury, by Water Sensitive Urban Design, SydneyGreen roof from Wisconsin Energy Education ProgramSeattle City Hall. Photo: Design cost dataSeattle City Hall. Photo: Design cost dataWestin Awaji Resort, Japan, photo courtesy of Graeme Hopkins and Churchill Memorial FellowshipGreen roof

7、s by The Garland Company, UK.The Toyota Roof Garden. Photo: Business Week, JapanThe Ford Assembly Plant in Michigan, US.Building in Milano, from Sally in Italia websiteChurch with turf roof, Saurbær, Iceland. Source: Boddie.Earth homes by Swiss architect Peter Vetsch. Photos: Simonstockenthe fa