國際金融雙語教學(xué)詞匯列表(1)

1、 17-1 國際收支Chapter Seventeen International Finance 第1節(jié) 國際收支 Section 1 Balance of Payments*國際收支 balance of payments居民 resident*米德沖突 Meades conflict丁伯根法則 Tinbergens rule*經(jīng)常賬戶 current account經(jīng)常轉(zhuǎn)移 current transfer儲備資產(chǎn) reserve asset綜合差額 overall balance資本轉(zhuǎn)移 capital transfers國際收支順差 surplus of BOP國際收支逆差 defi

2、cit of BOP自主性交易 autonomous transaction補(bǔ)償性交易 compensatory transaction*偶然性失衡 accidental disequilibrium*結(jié)構(gòu)性失衡 structural disequilibrium*貨幣性失衡 monetary disequilibrium*周期性失衡 cyclical disequilibrium*收入性失衡 income disequilibrium經(jīng)常賬戶差額 current account balance收入機(jī)制 income mechanism匯率機(jī)制 exchange rate mechanism利

3、率機(jī)制 interest rate mechanism需求調(diào)節(jié)政策 demand adjusting policy直接管制政策 direct control policy蒙代爾分派原則Mundells assignment rule貨幣價格機(jī)制 money-price mechanism*國際收支平衡表balance of payments statement資本和金融賬戶capital and financial account錯誤和遺漏賬戶errors and omissions account資本和金融賬戶差額capital and financial account balance非生

4、產(chǎn)、非金融資產(chǎn)的收買或放棄acquisitiondisposal of non-product，non-financial assets價格一鑄幣流動機(jī)制price specie-flow mechanism外匯緩沖政策foreign exchange cushion policy外匯平準(zhǔn)基金 exchange stabilization fund緩沖體 buffer國際金融 1 The balance of payments is the name given to the record of transactions between the residents of one country

5、 and the rest of the world over a period of time. 國際收支平衡表系統(tǒng)記錄一國居民與世界其它地區(qū)居民在一定時期內(nèi)所發(fā)生的全部經(jīng)濟(jì)交易。2 The balance of payments is divided into two major accounts, the current account and the capital account. Each general account is then subdivided into categories such as goods, services, direct investment, po

6、rtfolio investment, etc.國際收支平衡表由兩大部分組成：經(jīng)常賬戶以及資本和金融賬戶。每一個賬戶又被細(xì)分為諸如貨物、服務(wù)、直接投資和證券投資等若干個子賬戶。第2節(jié) 外匯和匯率Section 2 Foreign Exchange and Exchange Rate*外匯 foreign exchange自由外匯 free convertible exchange記賬外匯 exchange of account*匯率 foreign exchange rate即期匯率 spot exchange rate遠(yuǎn)期匯率 forward exchange rate*直接標(biāo)價法 dire

7、ct quotation*間接標(biāo)價法 indirect quotation*基本匯率 basic rate*套算匯率 cross rate*買入?yún)R率 buying rate*賣出匯率 selling rate中間匯率 middle rate*現(xiàn)鈔匯率 bank notes rate官方匯率 official rate市場匯率 market rate 黑市匯率 blackmarket rate單一匯率 single rate復(fù)匯率 multiple rate 開盤匯率 opening rate收盤匯率 closing rate貿(mào)易匯率 commercial rate金融匯率 financial

8、rate名義匯率 nominal exchange rate實(shí)際匯率 real exchange rate*升值 appreciation*貶值 depreciation鑄幣平價 mint parity*黃金輸送點(diǎn) gold point彈性 elasticity貿(mào)易品 tradable goods非貿(mào)易品 non-tradable goods美元化 dollarization貨幣聯(lián)盟 monetary union*外匯管制 foreign exchange control*貨幣自由兌換 currency convertibility直接干預(yù) direct intervention間接干預(yù) in

9、direct intervention沖銷式干預(yù) sterilized intervention非沖銷式干預(yù) unsterilized intervention廣場宣言 plaza announcement盧浮宮協(xié)議 Louvre Accord*J曲線效應(yīng) J-curve effect爬行釘住制 crawling peg*匯率目標(biāo)區(qū)制 target zone regime*固定匯率制 fixed exchange rate regime*貨幣局制 currency board arrangement*浮動匯率制flexible exchange rate regime*馬歇爾勒納條件Marsh

10、all-Lerner conditions結(jié)售匯制exchange settlement and sale system電匯匯率telegraphic transfer rate, T/T Rate信匯匯率mail transfer rate, M/T rate票匯匯率demand draft rate, D/D rate無獨(dú)立法定貨幣的匯率安排Arrangements with no separate legal tender其他傳統(tǒng)固定盯住制other conventional fixed pegs 17-3 外匯貿(mào)易水平帶內(nèi)的盯住制Pegged rate in horizontal ba

11、nd爬行區(qū)間浮動制Rates within crawling bands不事先確定匯率軌跡的管理浮動Managed float with no preannounce exchange rate paths單獨(dú)浮動Independently floating進(jìn)口配額制import quota system絕對配額absolute quotas全球配額global quotas國別配額country quotas關(guān)稅配額tariff quotas進(jìn)口許可證制 import license system利息平衡稅 interest equalization tax法定匯率制official rat

12、e system復(fù)匯率制度multiple rate system合格境外機(jī)構(gòu)投資者QFII合格境內(nèi)機(jī)構(gòu)投資者QDII1 The exchange rate is the price of one currency in terms of another.匯率是用一種貨幣表示另一種貨幣的價格。2 Under fixed exchange rate system governments are committed to maintain a target exchange rate.固定匯率制度下一國當(dāng)局有義務(wù)維持目標(biāo)匯率的穩(wěn)定。3 Exchange rates are pegged when

13、official purchases or sales from the monetary authorities maintain the exchange rate of the national currency within narrow bands of fluctuations (at the limit zero) vis-à-vis the currency (basket of currencies) chosen as anchor. 釘住匯率是指一國貨幣當(dāng)局通過官方買賣行為將本幣與另一國貨幣（或籃子貨幣）之間的匯率維持在一個狹窄的波動范圍內(nèi)（或一個固定水平上）。

14、4 The managed float, sometimes called a dirty float, is employed by governments to preserve an orderly pattern of exchange rate changes and is designed to eliminate excess volatility.管理浮動，又叫骯臟浮動，是指一國政府維持本國匯率有秩序的浮動，并采取措施消除過度波動。5 In a rather narrow sense, we refer to exchange control when monetary ins

15、titutions impose strictly defined limitations on international transactions or on the exchange of national currency into foreign currency.狹義上的外匯管制是指一國貨幣當(dāng)局對本國的對外經(jīng)濟(jì)交易或本幣的對外匯兌施加嚴(yán)格的管制措施。 第3節(jié) 外匯交易 Section 3 Foreign Exchange Transactions 國際金融多頭 long position空頭 short position*福費(fèi)廷 forfeiting*保付代理法 factoring

16、內(nèi)在價值 intrinsic value外在價值 extrinsic value*外匯風(fēng)險 foreign exchange risk外匯敞口 exposure營業(yè)日 working day交割日 value date當(dāng)日交割 VAL TOD隔日交割 VAL TOM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)交割日 VAL SP掉期率 swap rate升水 at premium貼水 at discount平價 at parity初始保證金 initial margin維持保證金 maintenance margin變動保證金 variation margin保證金催付 margin call逐日盯市制 marking to mar

17、ket市價指令 market order限價指令 limit order到價指令 stop order開放式指令 open order*交易風(fēng)險 transaction exposure*轉(zhuǎn)換風(fēng)險 transition exposure *經(jīng)營風(fēng)險 operation risk搭配 matching組對 pairing提前與延期收付法leading and lagging直接套匯 direct arbitrage間接套匯 indirect arbitrage*套利 interest arbitrage拋補(bǔ)套利 covered interest arbitrage買入對沖 long hedge

18、賣出對沖 short hedge買空 go long賣空 go short*看漲期權(quán) call options*看跌期權(quán) put options履約價格 strike price期權(quán)費(fèi) premium外匯交易所 exchange bourse*外匯期貨 foreign exchange future外匯市場 foreign exchange market*外匯期權(quán) foreign exchange options非拋補(bǔ)套利 uncovered interest arbitrage*套匯 arbitrage *擇期交易 optional forward transaction*即期外匯交易spo

19、t exchange market*遠(yuǎn)期外匯交易forward exchange transaction銀行間外匯市場 interbank market*借款即期投資法 borrow-spot-invest (BSI)*掉期交易swap transaction 17-4 國際金融市場 1 The foreign exchange market is where currencies are bought and sold.外匯市場是進(jìn)行外匯交易的場所。2 Spot exchange rates are quoted for delivery two business days after th

20、e transaction is concluded.即期匯率是在成交后兩個營業(yè)日內(nèi)進(jìn)行交割的匯率。3 The organized futures markets have four important features:(a) The contracts are standardized;(b) Trading is organized and centralized either in one physical location such as the trading pit or in a virtual location such as a computerized order boo

21、k;(c) Contracts are settled through the exchange s clearing house; and(d) Contracts are marked to market each day, which means that they are revalued according to their market value.有組織的期貨市場具有以下4個重要特征：（a）合約標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化；（b）或者在有形地點(diǎn)（如交易池），或在無形場所（如計(jì)算機(jī)化定單）內(nèi)進(jìn)行有組織的交易；（c）合約通過交易所的清算機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行結(jié)算；（d）合約實(shí)行逐日盯市制（或每日結(jié)算制度），意即根據(jù)合約

22、的市場價值每日對其進(jìn)行重新估價。4 An option is a contract that gives its owner the right in a given period of time to buy or sell a given amount of undergoing assets at a fixed price. The right to buy is called a call, while right to sell is called a put.期權(quán)合約賦予買方在指定期限內(nèi)以既定價格買進(jìn)或賣出既定數(shù)量金融資產(chǎn)的權(quán)利?？礉q期權(quán)賦予買方買的權(quán)利，又叫買權(quán)；看跌期權(quán)賦予買

23、方賣的權(quán)利，又叫賣權(quán)。5 Foreign exchange risk refers to fluctuations in the domestic currency value of assets, liabilities, income expenditures or expenditures due to unanticipated changes in exchange rate.外匯風(fēng)險是指匯率的非預(yù)期變動引起經(jīng)濟(jì)主體的資產(chǎn)、負(fù)債、收入及支出的國內(nèi)價值發(fā)生波動。第4節(jié) 國際金融市場Section 4 International Financial Market*外國債券 foreign

24、 bonds*歐洲債券 euro bonds全球債券 global bonds猛犬債券 bulldog bonds揚(yáng)基債券 yankee bonds辛迪加貸款 syndicate loans石油美元 oil dollar倫敦金融大爆炸 Big Bang*歐洲貨幣 euro currency倫敦同業(yè)拆放利率 LIBOR國際銀行業(yè)設(shè)施 international bank facilities (IBFS)武士債券 samurai bonds*離岸金融市場 off-shore financial market*歐洲貨幣市場 euro-currency market*國際金融市場 internati

25、onal financial market國際金融創(chuàng)新international financial innovation功能中心 functional centre分離性中心 segregated centre集中性中心 integrated centre名義中心 paper centre基金中心 funding centre收放中心 collectional centre 國際金融1 Domestic bonds are issued by a domestic borrower in the domestic market, usually in domestic currency.由本

26、國債務(wù)人在本國金融市場上以本幣發(fā)行的債券是國內(nèi)債券。2 Foreign bonds are issued on the domestic market by the foreign borrower, usually in domestic currency. The rules and regulations governing issuing and trading procedures are under the control of the domestic authorities. 由外國債務(wù)人在本國金融市場上發(fā)行的以本幣計(jì)價，發(fā)行規(guī)則及程序受本國貨幣當(dāng)局監(jiān)管的債券是外國債券。3 E

27、urobonds are issued in countries other than the one in whose currency they are denominated. They are not traded on a particular national bond market and, therefore, are not regulated by any domestic authority.歐洲債券的計(jì)價貨幣不是市場所在國的貨幣，它并不在某一特定國家的金融市場上流通，因此不受任何國家貨幣當(dāng)局的管制。4 Syndicate refers to a number of ba

28、nks grouping together to make a loan to one borrower.辛迪加貸款由許多銀行組成銀團(tuán)向某一借款人共同提供貸款。第5節(jié) 國際資本流動 Section 5 International Capital Flow 資本流入 capital inflow資本流出 capital outflow直接投資 direct investment證券投資 portfolio investment國際信貸投資 international credit長期資本流動 long-term capital flow短期資本流動 short-term capital flow

29、保值性資本流動 capital flight *外債 foreign debt*國際債務(wù)危機(jī) international debt crisis石油危機(jī) oil crisis債務(wù)重新安排 debt rescheduling回購債務(wù) buyback債務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)換 debt swap債務(wù)交換 debt exchange金融危機(jī) financial crisis 1 A flow of international capital occurs when residents in one country extend loans to, or purchases the title assets from,

30、 the residents of another country.當(dāng)一國居民向本國非居民提供貸款或購買非居民發(fā)行的金融資產(chǎn)，國際資本流動隨即發(fā)生。2 Direct investment involves the investor taking an active role in the management of the assets he is acquiring. 直接投資的投資者對其投資對象擁有管理控制權(quán)。3 Debt crisis is a generic term, applicable to any situation where a debtor is unable to se

31、rvice the interest and/or principal as scheduled, and so imperiling the financial health of its lender. Usually, the lenders then cut off further credit, intensifying the original condition. 債務(wù)危機(jī)總指下述情況，即債務(wù)人無力如期償還利息或本金，導(dǎo)致債權(quán)人的財(cái)務(wù)狀況惡化，由于債權(quán)人往往會隨之縮緊信貸，引發(fā)危機(jī)的進(jìn)一步惡化。第6節(jié) 國際貨幣制度 Section 6 International Monetary

32、 System 17-7 國際儲備*歐元 Euro德洛爾報(bào)告 Delors report魏爾納報(bào)告 Werner report蛇形浮動 snake floating*歐盟 European union*馬約 Maastricht Treaty*美元危機(jī) dollar crisis美元荒 dollar shortage美元災(zāi) dollar glut*十國集團(tuán) group of ten黃金雙價制 two-tier price system史密森協(xié)定 Smithsonian Agreement*牙買加協(xié)定 Jamaica Agreement*巴塞爾協(xié)定 Basle Agreement*特里芬難題 T

33、riffin dilemma*借款總安排 general agreement to borrow金幣本位制 gold specie standard金塊本位制 gold bullion standard金匯兌本位制gold exchange standard埃居 European currency unit (ECU)可調(diào)整的釘住匯率制adjustable peg歐洲貨幣體系European monetary system (EMS)國際金本位制international gold standard system國際金匯兌本位制international gold exchange stand

34、ard system*最適度貨幣區(qū)理論theory of optimum currency area1 The international monetary system is the framework within which countries borrow, lend, buy, sell and make payments across political frontiers.國際貨幣體系是協(xié)調(diào)各國跨國界貸款、借款、購買、銷售和進(jìn)行支付等行為的框架體系。2 Bretton Woods System established at the end of World War Two. It

35、 takes its name from the conference held at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, in 1944, which adopted the Article of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and thus put in place the rules and arrangements that would govern international monetary relations in the postwar world.布雷頓森林體系在二戰(zhàn)后建立。19

36、44年在美國新罕布什爾州的布雷頓森林召開的聯(lián)合國貨幣金融會議上，達(dá)成國際貨幣基金協(xié)定，以此為基礎(chǔ)形成一套約束戰(zhàn)后國際貨幣金融關(guān)系的規(guī)則，該體系因此命名為布雷頓森林體系。第7節(jié) 國際儲備 Section 7 International Reserves*國際儲備 international reserves國際清償力 international liquidity自有儲備 free reserve借入儲備 debt-in reserve黃金儲備 gold reserve*外匯儲備 foreign exchange reserve*IMF儲備頭寸 reserve positions in IMF*

37、特別提款權(quán) SDRs警戒線 safety level總量管理 quantity management結(jié)構(gòu)管理 structure management備用信貸 tranche 國際金融 1 International reserves are composed of four parts: foreign exchange reserves, gold reserves, reserve position in IMF and SDR.國際儲備由以下四部分構(gòu)成：外匯儲備、黃金儲備、在國際貨幣基金組織的儲備頭寸以及特別提款權(quán)。2 The SDR is an international reser

38、ve asset, created by the IMF in 1969 to supplement the existing official reserves of member countries. SDRs are allocated to member countries in proportion to their IMF quotas. The SDR also serves as the unit of account of the IMF and some other international organizations. Its value is based on a b

39、asket of key international currencies.特別提款權(quán)是由國際貨幣基金組織于1969年創(chuàng)設(shè)的一種國際儲備資產(chǎn)，用于補(bǔ)充成員國原有的官方儲備資產(chǎn)。特別提款權(quán)根據(jù)各成員國在國際貨幣金組織的基金份額進(jìn)行分配，同時作為國際貨幣基金組織及其他國際組織的記賬貨幣。特別提款權(quán)的定值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)取決于由重要國際貨幣組成的籃子貨幣。第8節(jié) 國際金融機(jī)構(gòu)Section 8 International Financial Organizations *世界銀行集團(tuán) World Bank group亞洲開發(fā)銀行Asian Development Bank (ADB)歐洲投資銀行European

40、 Investment Bank (EIB)國際開發(fā)協(xié)會International Development Association (IDA)國際金融公司International Financial Corporation (IFC)泛美開發(fā)銀行Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)非洲開發(fā)銀行African Development Bank (AFDB)國際清算銀行Bank For International Settlement (BIS)*國際貨幣基金組織International Monetary Fund (IMF)國際復(fù)興開發(fā)銀行International Bank For Reconstruction And Development (IBRD) 17-9 國際金融理論 1 The IMF is an international organization