Zigbee無線中繼控制和電源監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)

1、作者:日期:Zigbee無線中繼控制和電源監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)Shrey Surana (ss632) Shrey Surana( ss632)Casey Worthington( cdw38) 凱西沃 辛頓 (cdw38)Contents 內(nèi)容Introduction導言本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Rationale and sources of your project idea基本原理和思想來源的項目 本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Background Theory 背景理論文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)

2、用途Physical Layer物理層本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Link Layer 鏈路層 文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Network and Tran sport Layers網(wǎng)絡層和傳輸層 本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理 ，來源于網(wǎng)絡Session, Presentation, and Application Layers 會議，簡報，以及應用層 本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè) 用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Our Project 我們的項目 個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商

3、業(yè)用途Logical Structure 邏輯結構文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Hardware/Software Tradeoffs 硬件/軟件權衡 本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Standards 標準個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Software Details 軟件的詳細信息 文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Overview 概述 文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Evolution of Software Design 軟件設計的演變 個人收

4、集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Software Design, Microcontroller Side軟件設計，單片機側本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理,來源于網(wǎng)絡Software Design， PC Side 軟件設計，PC端個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Xbee Configuration: A Brief Primer的XBee配置：簡引物 本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Our Xbee Configuration 我們的 XBee配置文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡文檔為個人收集整理，

5、來源于網(wǎng)絡PC Side The Coordinator PC端：協(xié)調(diào)員 文檔為個人收集整理,來源于網(wǎng)絡個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途MCU Side: The End Device單片機端：終端設備本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理 ，來 源于網(wǎng)絡Why use Xbee IO to monitor relays controlled by the MCU?為什么使用單片機的 XBee 印務局,監(jiān)察繼電器控制的 文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Hardware Details 硬件詳細信息 本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于

6、網(wǎng)絡Arduino Board阿爾杜伊諾委員會 個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Xbee Chip 的XBee芯片個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Relays 繼電器本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Thi ngs We Tried that Did Not Work ( Hardware)事情我們試過了沒有工作 (硬件文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Results of the design 設計結果的 個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Speed of execution 執(zhí)行速

7、度個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Accuracy 精度本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途個人收集整理 ，勿做商業(yè)用途How you enforced safety in the design你如何實施設計中的安全 本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途In terfere nee with other people ' desig ns干擾與人的其他設計 文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Usability by you and other people 可用性你和其他人 個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途文

8、檔為個人收集整理，來源 于網(wǎng)絡Conclusions 結論個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Overview 概述文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Things We Could Improve Upon事情是我們可以改善我們 個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途IP Considerations IP注意事項本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途個人收集整理 ，勿做商業(yè)用途Ethical considerations.道德方面的考慮。10 10文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Societal Impa

9、ct 社會影響文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Legal considerations 法律方面的考慮 個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Hardware 硬件本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Software 軟件個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Appendix of Code 附錄代碼本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Appendix of Schematics 附錄示意圖 文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Appendix of Cost

10、 附錄成本 文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Appendix: Member Tasks 附錄：會員任務 個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Shrey Surana Shrey Surana個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Casey Worthington 凱西沃辛頓 文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途References 參考文獻個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Data Sheets 數(shù)據(jù)表個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Ven dor Sites供

11、應商的網(wǎng)站文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Code and Desig ns Borrowed From Others代碼和設計借鑒了其他 本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Background Sources 背景來源個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Ackno wledgeme nts 致謝本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途In troductio n簡介We desig ned a system for wirelessly con trolli ng relays and

12、mon itori ng curre nt.我們設計了一個無線控制繼電器和監(jiān)測當前的系統(tǒng) .This is used for a home load simulation 。這是用于家庭負載模擬。Bywirelessly tur ning relays on and off by sending comma nds from a PC to a microc on troller we can cha nge the total load (curre nt) to our simulated home 。通過無線方式打開和關閉繼電器從PC發(fā)送命令到微控制器，我們可以改變我們的模擬家用總負載(

13、電流).For wireless communication, we used XBeeSeries 2乙gbee RF modules對于無線通信中，我們使用的 XBee系列2乙gBee射頻模塊。One of these modules was connected to a microcontroller and the home load simulation, while another was connected to the PC, which was used for collecting and displaying data as well as for relay monit

14、oring and con trol.這些模塊之一，是連接到微控制器和家庭模擬加載，而另一個是連接到PC這是收集和展 示為繼電器監(jiān)測和控制數(shù)據(jù)以及使用。本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Ration ale and sources of your project idea 思想的基本原理和你的項目來This project was proposed by a research/project team here at Corn ell work ing on a so-called SmartHome Energy Monitoring System。 Our poi

15、nts of referenee within this group are Professor John Belina ( ) and Kamil Bojanczyk ( ).該項目是由一個研究 /智能家居系統(tǒng)能源監(jiān)測項目的團隊在康奈爾大學工作的一個所謂的。我們在本組的參考點是教授約翰 Belina ( )和卡米爾 Bojanczyk ( ).文檔為個 人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡What this group is

16、 work ing on is an en ergy-mon itor ing system for a home using alter native en ergy sources。這個集團是什么工作，是一個使用替代能源的家庭能源監(jiān)測系統(tǒng).A very high-level blockdiagram of this system is shown below :非常高的級別該系統(tǒng)的框圖如下：Figure 1。圖1。High-level diagram of the "Smart Home Energy Monitoring System。"高級別圖 智能家庭能源監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)

17、。”In the above diagram, the Magic Box" esse ntially exists to route en ergy betwee n the house, the various energy sources (for example , a solar cell or the electric grid), and an energy storage unit (such as a rechargeable battery).在上面的圖中，魔術盒”的存在是為了基本路線之間的眾議院能源，各種能源(例如，太陽能電池或電網(wǎng))和一個能量存儲單元(如充電電

18、池)。In this project, we will black box"this Magic-Box system, and in stead focus on ano ther porti on of this en ergy mon itor ing system, whichin volves sending data regard ing en ergy usage and various en ergy loads (by wirelessly con trolled relays) to a PC in order to display and monitor ene

19、rgy usage within the home。在這個項目中，我們將 黑盒子" 這個魔術盒系統(tǒng)，而是集中在另一本能源監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)，它包括發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)在能源使用和各種能源負載(由無線控制繼電器)的一部分，以便到PC顯示和監(jiān)測在家庭能源消耗。個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途個人收集整理,勿做商業(yè)用途? ? Our project focuses on the House to In Home Display (IHD) part of this system。我們的 項目集中到在眾議院在家庭顯示器(IHD的)這個系統(tǒng)的一部分。What our project does is thefollowin

20、g:我們做什么項目如下：? ? Simulates a home by using resistors to model various appliances or groups of appliances模擬家庭使用電阻來模擬各種用具或設備組? ? Allows a user to wirelessly turn on and off various sets of appliances by controlling relays 允許用戶以無線方式打開和關閉各種成套設備通過控制繼電器? ? Monitors total power consumption and current in th

21、is home顯示器總功率消耗，在這個家里電流? ?Wirelessly transmits the above data to a PC, displaying the data on a graph that showsreal-time power consumption in the home( or simulated home)上述數(shù)據(jù)無線傳輸至U 電腦，顯示在圖上顯示實時的家用電源消耗(或模擬的家庭)中的數(shù)據(jù)Our simulated home ” con sists of 7 applia nces, each modeled by a resista nee (a load)

22、。我們模擬的 家" 由 7用具，用電阻(負載)為藍本每個.These 7 loads are all in parallel, and are fed voltage from a 5 V DC source (the microcontroller).這7個都在并行加載，并美聯(lián)儲從5 V直流源(微控制器)電壓。In a real house, the source voltage would be 120 V AC (in the Uni ted States at least)。在實際的房子， 電源 電壓 120 伏交流會(在美國至少).We con sidered attemp

23、t ing to impleme nt this, but con sideri ng thepractical dan gers of playi ng aro und" with 120 V AC circuits as well as the fact that a relay con trol system shouldn ' depend on the voltages being fed through the relays led us to decide to stick with 5 V DC circuits for testing and simulat

24、ion。我們認為試圖實現(xiàn)這一點，但考慮玩弄”的120伏交流電電路，這樣一個事實：繼電器控制系統(tǒng)不應依賴于正在通過繼電器的電壓以及美聯(lián)儲的現(xiàn)實危險使我們決 定堅持5 V直流測試和模擬電路。文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途Backgro und Theory背景理論What we have built is a simple transmission system based on the Zigbee routing and networking protocol.我們已經(jīng)建立是一個簡單的傳輸系統(tǒng)協(xié)議基于乙gBee路由和網(wǎng)絡。This protocol and itsde

25、tails are discussed in greater detail i n the Stan dards sect ion (below); in this sect ion, we focus on un derly ing n etwork theory and the role this theory played in our project 。本議定書和它的細節(jié)更詳細 地討論在標準節(jié)(下)，在這節(jié)中，我們側重于基礎網(wǎng)絡理論與我們的項目中的作用發(fā)揮這一理論.Data networks (and transmission systems) are typically divide

26、d into various layers based on functionality.數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)(與傳輸系統(tǒng))是典型的基于功能分成不同的層次。This is sometimes called aprotocol stack” (in our case, we are using a Zigbee stack')。這有時被稱為一個 協(xié)議棧"(在我 們的例子中，我們使用的是 ZigBee協(xié)議棧")。Essentially, the lower the layer , the closer we are to worrying about actual physical

27、electrons flying around. 從本質上講，層越低，越接近我們要擔心實際物 理電子飛來飛去。Con versely, the higher the layer, the less we are worryi ng about physical con stra intsand the more abstract the data structures are that we are deali ng with and mani pulat ing.相反，較高的層,那么我們擔心的物理限制和更抽象的數(shù)據(jù)結構是，我們正在處理和操作。本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集

28、，請勿用作商業(yè)用途The most famous of these layeri ng models is the Ope n System In terc onnection (OSI) Refere nee Mode, which is shown below:其中最有名的這些分層模型是開放系統(tǒng)互聯(lián)(OS)參考模型，它是如下所示：OSI ModelData unitLayerFunction7* ApplicationNetwork process to applicationHost layersData& PresentationData rep reentatjon. enc

29、rypt! d n and decryption5. Sessioninter host conrununicatronSegments4. TransportEnd-to-end connectront and ret lability/low controlMedia layersPacket3. WetworkRath determinabon and logical addressingFrameN Data LinkPhysical addressingBit1. PhysicalMedia, signat and binary tT&n amissionFigure 2。圖

30、 2。The OSI Reference Model ( Source: /wiki/OSI_model) OSI 參考模型(來源：http : //wiki/OSI_model )The functionality of each layer (or group of layers) is described in a bit more detail below. 本)功能的 每一層(或組層位中描述更詳細說明。Physical Layer 物理層The physical layer's job is to m

31、ove in dividual digital bits from one place to ano ther。 物理層的工作是從 一個地方至9另一個個人數(shù)碼位。The protocols in this layer depend on the actual physical medium。在這一層的協(xié)議依賴于實際的物理介質。For example, in a wireless system, the actual physical mediumis simply the atmosphere.例如，在一個無線系統(tǒng)，實際的物理介質是簡單的氣氛。Link Layer 鏈路層A network&#

32、39;s link layer routes a series of bits (sometimes called a datagram ) from one node in a network to an other。 一個網(wǎng)絡的鏈路層路線的一系列位從一個網(wǎng)絡節(jié)點(有時)稱為 數(shù)據(jù)包 至9另一個地方。This can happe n through a series of in termediate switches （or routers ）。 這可能發(fā)生通過）系列交換機或路由器中間 （。Protocols at this layer provide more robust and ful

33、l-featured services than protocols at the physical layer。在這層協(xié)議提供服務而不是在物理層協(xié)議功能強大，更全面。 WiFiis one example of a link layer protocol. WiFi 是一種協(xié)議的一個例子鏈路層。Network and Tran sport Layers 網(wǎng)絡層和傳輸層Again, since these layers are higher in the model, protocols at this layer typically are more full-featured than p

34、rotocols at the link or physical layers。同樣，因為這些層較高的模型，在此協(xié)議層通常是更全面 的功能比在鏈路層協(xié)議或身體。Protocols at these layers use the link layer's routing capabilities tomove the aforeme nti oned datagrams betwee n no des in a n etwork。 在這些層協(xié)議使用的鏈路層的路 由功能，移動網(wǎng)絡節(jié)點之間的上述數(shù)據(jù)報。The In ter net Protocol （ IP） is probably the

35、 most famousnetwork layer protocol， while the Transmission Control Protocol （TCP and the User Datagram Protocol （ UDP） are two examples of well known and widely used transport layer protocols。 因 特網(wǎng)協(xié)議（IP）可能是最有名的網(wǎng)絡層協(xié)議，而傳輸控制協(xié)議（TCP和用戶數(shù)據(jù) 報協(xié)議（UDP）協(xié)議 的例子有兩個知名的和廣泛使用的傳輸層 Certa in higher-level fun ctio nality

36、 is more prevale nt in thesetwo layers than in lower levels.某些更高級別的功能是越層普遍比在這兩個較低的水平 For example,flow con trol -co ntrolli ng the tran smissi on rate betwee n no des in order to lower con gesti on on the network （realizing that even just a two-node transmission system can be considered a network&quo

37、t;）-and reliable transmission （ensuring that a packet is actually received） are two features commonly implemented in the network and transport layers。例如,流量控制一為了控制節(jié)點之間的傳輸速率降 低）的網(wǎng)絡擁塞（意識到，甚至只是一個兩節(jié)點的傳輸系統(tǒng)可以被認為是網(wǎng)絡"可靠的傳輸（確保數(shù)據(jù)包實際上是收到）是傳輸層的功能一般兩年實施的網(wǎng)絡。文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡文檔為個人收集整理,來源于網(wǎng)絡Session ； Presentation

38、, and Application Layers 會議， 演示和應用層These layers are essentially the end result of a networking protocol stack。這些層在本質上是最終結 果棧網(wǎng)絡協(xié)議。For example, a web browser resides in the application layer.例如，Web 瀏覽器駐留在應用層。These layers make use of all of the lower layers to send data betwee n no des on a n etwork ,a

39、nd then use their own protocols for manipulating that data。這些層使層使用較低的所有發(fā)送網(wǎng)絡上 的節(jié)點之間的數(shù)據(jù)，然后使用自己的協(xié)議來操縱數(shù)據(jù)。A web browser renders HTML but useslowerlevel protocols to send HTML between nodes in a network。 呈現(xiàn) HTML 網(wǎng)頁瀏覽器，但使用 較低級別的協(xié)議來發(fā)送網(wǎng)絡節(jié)點之間的HTML中。文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Our Project 我們的項目The part of

40、our project that we implemented basically deals with the network layer and above. 該項目 的一部分，我們，我們基本上實現(xiàn)上述處理的網(wǎng)絡層和.The XBee chips (which are discussed in muchgreater detail later in the report ) and firmware allow us to black box" the Data Link and Physical layers, and the ope n source Xbee API and

41、 Xbee-Ardui no software packages greatly simplified our work in the network layer.該芯片的XBee (這是更詳細討論后，在報告)和固件讓我們黑盒子"中的數(shù)據(jù)鏈路和物理層，和開源的XBee API的和XBee "阿爾杜伊諾軟件極大地簡化了我們的工作網(wǎng)絡層。Thus,it was not strictly necessary for us to have a deep understanding of the underlying physical, link, and network layer

42、 protocols used, but a brief discussion of this is warranted nonetheless. 因此，它不是完全 有必要讓我們能夠有一個，鏈接的深刻理解的基礎物理和網(wǎng)絡層協(xié)議使用，但這個簡短的討論是必要的仍然。個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途The physical layer protocol/standard used in Zigbee systems is IEEE 802 15.4 ( http : /www。ieee802。 org/15/pub/TG4.html ).物理層協(xié)議 /標準系統(tǒng)使用在 Zi

43、gbee 是 IEEE 80215。4( http:/www.ieee802。 org/15/pub/TG4。html )。 This is a wireless standard that operates, in North America , in the range of 24002483.5 MHz or 902-928 MHz.這是一個無線標準，經(jīng)營美國，北，在兆赫范圍2400-2483。5 MHz 或902-928。 Zigbee, and most importantly our chips, operate in the higher 2。4 GHz range, so th

44、at isthe range we will briefly discuss here。 ZigBee和最重要的是我們的芯片，工作在更高的 2。4 GHz頻 率范圍，所以這是我們將簡要的范圍在這里討論 .The data transmission rate is up to 250 kilobits perseco nd.數(shù)據(jù)傳輸速率達到每千位二百五十秒文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Logical Structure邏輯結構A block diagram of our system is shown below。我們的系統(tǒng)框圖如下所示。As you can see

45、 there areseven relays which are con trolled by the MCU.正如你可以看到其中有七個是由單片機控制繼電器。The MCU gets its comma nd from the Xbee Chip which is wirelessly tran smitted from ano ther Xbee chip that is connected to the PC。從得到的單片機芯片，無線的XBee另一個的XBee芯片連接到電腦發(fā)送的命令。The user can specify from the PC which relays they wa

46、nt to turn on and off。用戶可以從電腦中指定的繼電器他們要打開和關閉。 Also all seven of the relays load goes through a .2 ohm power resistor which goes through an optoisolator to keep it safe from the MCU and fin ally to the Xbee chip. 另 外所有負載的繼電器七經(jīng)過一個0.2歐姆的電阻，電源通過一個光隔離器去保證它的安全從MCU，最后到的 XBee芯片。This gets transmitted back to

47、 the PC to be displayed on a graph in a GUI。這得到 傳回的電腦上，在一個GUI圖形顯示。本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡Arduino BoardAtmel Mega328 MCU 1LzRr1»' iRrM 2Figure 3.圖 3. Highlevel design overview of our project.高級別我們的項目設計的概述。Hardware/Software Tradeoffs 硬件 / 軟件權衡We did n ' really have much hardware/

48、software tradeoffs because we did n't have a budget con stra int since we were working for a project team。我們并沒有真正有很多硬件/軟件的權衡，因為我們沒有一個預算約束，因為我們是一個項目團隊工作。However we did decide to use an Arduino boardin stead of the STK500 which we were used to。但是，我們也決定使用，而不是我們被用于STK5O0勺一阿爾杜伊諾板 .This required less

49、software for us to write.這就要求我們少寫軟件。It seemed muchless tedious to write certain tasks in Arduino such as turning on an LED.這似乎更繁瑣， 如寫一個 LED的 轉折點 Arduino 的某些任務.We were interested in expanding our knowledge of other hardware/software that were similar but not exactly the same as what we had lear ned t

50、hroughout the semestero我們有興趣擴大我們的其他硬件/軟件知識相似，但并不像我們在整個學期學到的完全一 樣。 Other tha n that we did not have to do any other sort of tradeoff betwee n hardware and software.除此之外，我們沒有做任何的硬件和軟件之間的權衡其他排序。本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途文檔為個人收集整理，來源于網(wǎng)絡標準The most releva nt sta ndard for our project is the Zigbee wireless n etwor

51、k ing sta ndard, which is IEEE 802。15.4。最適合我們的項目相關的標準是 ZigBee無線網(wǎng)絡標準，這是IEEE 802.15 4。The reason we chose 乙gbee over WiFi (802.11) or another RF standard was twofold.我們之所以選擇了通過 WiFi(802.11)或其他 RF標準是雙重的 Zigbee 技術。First, it consumes a very low amount of power, which could be very useful on the MCU end o

52、f our tran smissi on system ( see Ten tative Desig n sect ion).首 先,它消耗的功率非常低的金額，這可能是非常單片機對我們的傳輸系統(tǒng)端(見初步設計部分)非 常有用。And second， it is ( apparently) of much lower complexity than WiFi, making it easier toimplement.第二，它為(顯然)遠低于無線的復雜性， 使得它更容易實現(xiàn)。It has a lower data rate than WiFi (only up to 250 Kbits/seco

53、nd) but is still easily capable of transmitting the relatively low amounts of data that are necessary in this domain.它具有較低的數(shù)據(jù)速率比無線(只到250千位/秒)，但仍然很容易傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)都需要在這一領域的相對低量的能力。The main feature of this standard is then ecessity of achiev ing tech no logical simplicity， low operati on cost, and low manu fac

54、turi ng cost without sacrificing flexibility or generality。本標準的主要特點是實現(xiàn)不犧牲靈活性或一般性的技術簡單，運行成本低，制造成本低的必要性.個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途本文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途Software Details軟件詳細信息Overview 概述The software portion of this project consists of two main applications: one for an Arduino based microc on troller un it ， and ano ther

55、 for the PC. Arduino ， as discussed in the hardware sect ion, is an open source electronics prototyping platform" based on Atmel microcontrollers (in our case, an ATMega328) and its own Ardui no programmi ng Ian guage .該計劃的軟件部分包括兩個主要應用：為 一阿爾杜伊諾為基礎的微控制器和彼此?；I委會一阿爾杜伊諾，如部分討論的硬件，是一個開放的源電子原型平臺”基于Atme

56、l微控制器(在我們的情況下，ATMega328)和自己的Arduino編程語言 .This Ianguage is very similar to C/C+， and the programming paradigm is almost exactly the same as it is whe n writ ing in C for AVR-GCC and Atmel MCU's .這種語言是非常相似的 C / C + +和編程范式是 幾乎完全一樣，因為它是用C編寫時的AVR GCC和愛特梅爾微控制器的.個人收集整理，勿做商業(yè)用途本 文為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)收集，請勿用作商業(yè)用途On the PC

57、 side, we used Java to in teract with an XBee chip conn ected through either a serial or a USB port （in other words, the XBee is recognized as a serial device on the PC）。 在 PC方面，我們使用 Java 進行交互通過串行或 USB端口連接一的XBee芯片（換句話說，該的XBee是PC上的串行設備識別）。Evolution of Software Desig n軟件設計的演變The reason for choosing a

58、Java-Arduino based system is simple: we found a pair of very well docume nted ope n source （ GPLv3 projects impleme nti ng an API for data tran smissi on using XBee chips and the乙gbee protocol。在選擇Java的阿爾杜伊諾基礎的系統(tǒng)的原因很簡單：我們發(fā)現(xiàn) 了一個非常良好的記錄開源（GPLv3勺）執(zhí)行數(shù)據(jù)使用的XBee芯片和乙gBee協(xié)議傳輸?shù)目諝馕廴局?數(shù)的項目配對 These projects are:這些項目是：-XBee API : This is for the PC side.的 XBee API 的：這是用于 PC端。It is a Javasoftware library with the goal of providi nga f