(高中程度)形容詞辨析

1、1.historic - historical historic：Having importance in or influence on history. 歷史上著名的 a historic spot 古跡historic times 有史時期(與 prehistoric times 史前時期相對)May 4, 1919 is a historic day. 1919 年5月4日是有歷史意義的一天.a historic event/speech/spot 有歷史意義的事件/演說/景點 historical：belong to history 歷史上的 associated with past

2、 times 與過去時代有關(guān)的 a historical people/novel/play/film/painting 歷史上的人物/小說/戲劇/電影/圖畫historical trend 歷史潮流historical evidence 史實a historical treatise 史論 2.electric - electrical electric: worked by, changed with, producing electricity (指直接用電的)用電的，帶電的, 有電的 electric current/cable 電流/電纜an electric spark 電火花an

3、 electric cooker 電炊具This heavy freighter is driven by two electric motors. 這輛重型運輸汽車是由兩臺電動機驅(qū)動的. electrical: relating to, or operated by electricity: 電氣方面的，與電有關(guān)的 electrical engineering 電機工程(與電力有關(guān)的)electrical apparatus 電氣設(shè)備(包括不一定直接使用電的設(shè)置) 3.economic - economical economic: Of or relating to the producti

4、on, development, and management of material wealth, as of a country, household, or business enterprise. 經(jīng)濟(上的)，經(jīng)濟方面的 economic policy/geography/crisis/crops 經(jīng)濟政策/經(jīng)濟地理學(xué)/經(jīng)濟危機/經(jīng)濟作物 economical: Prudent and thrifty in management; not wasteful or extravagant 經(jīng)濟的，節(jié)儉的 an economical housewife/store 勤儉持家的主婦/廉價

5、商店be economical of one's time 節(jié)省時間My new car is economical of fuel. 我的新汽車節(jié)省燃料不費油. 4.industrial - industrious industrial: of industries 工業(yè)的 the industrial revolution/products/system 工業(yè)革命/工業(yè)產(chǎn)品/工業(yè)系統(tǒng) industrious: hard-working, diligent 勤勞的, 刻苦的 industrious people 勤勞的人民 5.considerable - considerate c

6、onsiderable: great much 相當(dāng)多（大）的 a considerable income 相當(dāng)可觀的收入a considerable distance 一段頗遠(yuǎn)的距離a considerable man in local affairs 地方事務(wù)上相當(dāng)重要的人物 considerate: thoughtful 體諒的，考慮周到的 He is no more considerate of others than his brother is. 他不體諒別人，就跟他弟弟一樣. You might be a thought more considerate of other peo

7、ple. 你該多想著點兒別人. （CET-4 近義詞辨析）considerate, thoughtful, attentive這些形容詞均含“關(guān)心的，體貼的”之意。considerate: 指能設(shè)身處地為別人著想，給予同情或諒解。thoughtful: 指為他人著想，主動關(guān)懷，做有益于他人的事。attentive: 指對人關(guān)懷備至，熱情周到，這可能出于真誠，也可能出于私利。 6.sensible - sensitive sensible: reasonable, having good sense 通情達理的， 明智的 a sensible woman 豁達的婦女sensible idea 明

8、智的觀點 sensible clothes 實用的衣服 sensitive: quick to receive impression 敏感的，靈敏的 a sensitive ear 敏感的耳朵luminous sensitive 感光靈敏的a sensitive skin 易受傷的皮膚sensitive paper 感光紙 7.continual - continuous continual: going on all the time without stopping or with only short breaks, stop and go repeatedly 斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的(中間可能有短

9、暫的停頓) He hates these continual arguments. 他討厭這種無休止的爭論.Her proposal met with continual rejections. 她的建議一再遭到拒絕. I've had enough of her continual chatter. 我已厭煩了她喋喋不休的閑談. continuous: going on without a break, an uninterrupted flow 連續(xù)不斷的 (中間沒有停頓) a continuous noise 連續(xù)不斷的噪音continuous rain all day 下了一整

10、天的雨3 days' continuous flight 連續(xù)三天的飛行continuous fight/work 連續(xù)的戰(zhàn)斗/工作（CET-4 辨析continual continuous跟 successive 的不同）He won the game in three successive seasons.連續(xù)三個賽季贏得比賽，但是每個賽季之間其實都隔開一定時間的，所以意義上是連續(xù)的，空間時間上是非連續(xù)的8.intense - intensive intense: high in degree (指程度)強烈的， 劇烈的，高度的 intense life 緊張的生活intense

11、heat 酷熱intense pain 劇痛an intense longing 渴望an intense lady 熱情的女子 intensive: deep and thorough (指深入研究)精深的， 集中的 make an intensive study of sth. 對某事進行深入的研究intensive reading 精讀intensive agriculture密集農(nóng)業(yè) 9.respectable - respectful - respective respectable: deserving respect 值得尊敬的，有名望的 a respectable man/pr

12、ofession 令人尊敬的人/職業(yè)a respectable teacher 一位可敬的老師a respectable appearance 體面的外表 respectful: showing respect 尊敬人的，有禮貌的 He behaved in a respectful way. 他的舉止彬彬有禮. He is always respectful to the elders. 他對年長者總是很有禮貌.The old man will get a respectful hearing when he tells of something. 那個老人說話時，人們總是畢恭畢敬地聆聽.

13、respective: belongs to each of these 分別的，各自的 They sat on their respective chairs. 他們坐在各自的位子上. 10.imaginable - imaginary - imaginative imaginable: that can be imagined 可想像的 This is the only solution imaginable. 這是唯一能想出的解決辦法.We had the greatest difficulty imaginable. 我們遇到了可以想象到的最大困難. imaginary: existi

14、ng only in the mind, unreal 假想的，不真實的 imaginary figure 虛構(gòu)的人物He told a story about an imaginary land. 他講了一個關(guān)于虛構(gòu)的地方的故事. imaginative: of, having, using imagination 有想象力的， 運用想象力的 a imaginative writer 富有想像力的作家The plan is very imaginative in conception. 這個計劃在構(gòu)思上很有想象力. 11. intelligent - intelligible - intel

15、lectual intelligent: having, showing intelligence, clever 有才智的, 聰明的 an intelligent looking girlintelligent answer intelligible: clear to mind, that can be easily understood. 易了解的, 易領(lǐng)悟的 an intelligible speech/explanation intellectual: possessing a great deal of knowledge 知識的, 智力的 intellectual educati

16、on 智育intellectual faculties 智力, 智能intellectual work 腦力工作 12. contemptible - contemptuous contemptible: deserving contempt, despicable 可卑的 a contemptible lie It was a contemptible trick to tell lies and play on an old friend! 說謊耍弄老朋友是卑鄙伎倆! contemptuous: showing contempt 表示輕視的 a contemptuous look cont

17、emptuous air 傲慢態(tài)度She's contemptuous of my humble home and poor surroundings. 她瞧不起我出身卑賤， 家境貧困. 13. credible - credulous - creditable credible: that can be believed 可信的， 可靠的 credible witness 可信的證人It is hardly credible. 這是難以置信的. credulous: too ready to believe things. 輕易相信的， 易上當(dāng)?shù)?He always cheats c

18、redulous people. credulous superstition 幼稚的迷信 creditable: that brings credit. 可稱贊的, 可信的事物a creditable record/deed/effort 14. alternate - alternative alternate: changing by turns 輪流的， 交替的 alternate winter and summer 冬夏交替She works on alternate days. 她隔日工作. alternative: giving a choice between two thin

19、gs 選擇的， 兩者選一的 The way was blocked, so we went by an alternative road.We have no alternative but to go on. 除了繼續(xù)下去,我們沒有選擇的余地 15. comparable - comparative comparable 可比較的， 有類似之處的 There is no scenery comparable to that of the West lake. A fire is comparable with the sun; both give light and heat. compar

20、ative 比較而言的， 相當(dāng)?shù)?He lived in comparative comfort recently. live in comparative comfort 過相當(dāng)舒適的生活 16. politic - political politic judicious; cunning. 精明的 a politic decision. 一個明智的決定 political 政治的 political asylum 政治庇護political economy 政治經(jīng)濟學(xué) 17. beneficial - beneficent - benevolent beneficial is someth

21、ing that has a good result. 有益的Receiving a college degree is a beneficial for your future. beneficent performing acts of kindness or charity 多多行善的 a beneficent act 慈善的行為 benevolent: intending or showing kindness 仁慈的,樂善好施的He is benevolent to old people. 他對老人極為親切. 18. official - officious official 官方的

22、official duties 公務(wù)an official statement 正式聲明discard official airs 放下官架子with official solemnity 打官腔, 擺官架子 officious 多管閑事的 ,非官方的an officious statement 非正式聲明officious interference 不必要的干涉 19. potent - potential potent Possessing inner or physical strength; powerful.強有力的 a potent effect on 對.有巨大影響potent

23、remedy 有效的藥 potential Having possibility, capability, or power.潛在的， 可能的 Every seed is a potential plant. 每粒種子都可能長成植物.Education develops potential abilities. 教育能開發(fā)人的潛能. 20. confident - confidential confident Marked by confidence in oneself; self-assured.有信心的， 自信的 a confident smile 信賴的微笑a confident be

24、aring 自信的舉止a confident attack 大膽的攻擊 confidential secret 機密的 confidential clerk 機要秘書confidential files 機要檔案confidential information 秘密情報21. negligent - negligible negligent 忽視的， 粗心大意的 be negligent in one's work 工作馬虎be negligent of one's duties 玩忽職守negligent parents negligible: So small as to

25、be meaningless; insignificant可忽視的, 不予重視的 a negligible quantity 可忽略的量因素In buying a suit, a difference of ten cents in prices is negligible. 買一套衣服價錢只差一角錢是無所謂的. 22. momentary - momentous momentary 瞬時的， 短時的momentary joy 瞬息的喜悅a momentary delay 暫時的耽擱 momentous 重大的 a momentous occasion 重要的場合 23. memorable

26、- memorial memorable 值得記憶的，不能忘卻的, 重大的a lady of memorable beauty 絕代佳人This was indeed the most memorable day of my life. 這的確是我一生中最值得懷念的日子. memorial 紀(jì)念的, 紀(jì)念碑；紀(jì)念儀式 memorials of a past age 一個昔日的歷史記錄 24. social - sociable social 社會的, 社交的social security 社會保險; 社會保險金social service 社會公益服務(wù); 社會福利事業(yè)a social gath

27、ering 聯(lián)誼會 sociable 善社交的 The Smiths are a sociable family. 史密斯一家人很好交際. 25. childish - childlike childish 幼稚的a childish game 兒童游戲 childish arguments 幼稚的論點 childlike 孩子般的, 天真爛漫的childlike trust 26. distinc - distinctive distinct: clear 明顯的， 清晰的a man of very distinct character 一個個性很強的人distinct statement

28、確切的聲明a distinct opportunity 難得的機會 distinctive: characteristic 獨特的， 有區(qū)別的 Beer has a very distinctive smell. 啤酒有一種特殊的味道.This bird has several distinctive features. 這個鳥具有幾種突出的特征. 27. classic - classical classic 一流的, 典型的modern classic writers 當(dāng)代第一流的作家a classic ground 文藝勝地a classic case of pneumonia 典型的肺

29、炎病例 classical 古典的 經(jīng)典的（n. Classics經(jīng)典 It's the classic among classics. 經(jīng)典中的經(jīng)典）classical scientific ideas 傳統(tǒng)科學(xué)觀念classical music 古典音樂 28. comprehensible - comprehensive comprehensible 可理解的You often find a writer's books more comprehensible if you know about his life. an idea comprehensible to th

30、e average mind comprehensive 全面的， 綜合的 a comprehensive knowledge 淵博的知識a comprehensive mind 寬大的心胸 29. disinterested - uninterested disinterested 公平的He is impartial and disinterested. 他公正無私. uninterested 冷淡的Settle your own argument - I'm quite uninterested! 你們的爭端自己解決這事我完全不感興趣!an uninterested specta

31、tor 30. earthly - earthy earthly 塵世的, 可能的In this earthly life nothing is perfect. 在我們現(xiàn)世的生活中，沒有什么是完美無缺的.There's no earthly reason for me to go. 我根本沒有理由走. earthy 泥土似的 earthy elements 土族元素earthy iron ore 泥狀鐵礦31. effective - efficient - effectual effective 有效的effective resistance 【電】有效電阻take effecti

32、ve measures 采取有效措施The description of the fire is very effective. 對大火的描述極其生動. efficient 有效率的 ; 能勝任的efficient methods 經(jīng)濟而有效的方法an efficient manager 稱職的經(jīng)理 effectual 奏效的 Quinine is an effectual preventive for malaria. 奎寧是有效的瘧疾預(yù)防藥. 32. exceptionable - exceptional （exception 例外） exceptionable 反對的a thorough

33、ly unpleasant highly exceptionable piece of writing exceptional 例外的, 非凡的 a man of exceptional talent 具有特殊才能的人exceptional weather 異常的氣候exceptional promotion 破格提升 33. fatal - fateful （fate命運） fatal 致命的a fatal wound 致命傷, 不治之癥The loss of all my money was fatal to my plan. 錢都虧損了, 把我的計劃也毀滅了. fateful 重大的,

34、決定性的 a fateful battle 決定性的戰(zhàn)斗 34. fleshly - fleshy fleshly 肉體的 carnalfleshly pleasures. 物質(zhì)享受 fleshy 肥胖的 fleshy fruit 肉果 35. homely - homelike homely 家常的 a homely meal 家常便餐quite a homely sort of body 極樸實的人 homelike 像家的 36. impractical/unpractical - impracticable impractical/unpractical 不切合實際的an imprac

35、tical man 不切實際的人an impractical scheme plan 不實際的計劃 impracticable 無法使用的 an impracticable road 一條不能通行的路an impracticable person 難控制的人impracticable plan 不能實行的計劃 37. ingenious - ingenuous ingenious 有獨創(chuàng)性的, 巧妙的an ingenious author 有創(chuàng)造力的作家an ingenious device 精巧的裝置 ingenuous 直率的， 天真的 She is too ingenuous in be

36、lieving what others say. 她太天真,輕信別人的話. 38. manly - male - masculine manly 男人氣派的The boy walked with a manly stride. 那男孩走路邁著大人的步子.Football is a manly sport. 足球是一項激烈的體育運動. male 男的 a male choir 男聲合唱團male chauvinism 大男子主義a male hormone 雄性激素 masculine 男性的 the masculine courage 男子漢的膽量The opera singer has a

37、deep, booming, masculine voice. 這位歌劇演唱家有一副深沉而又渾厚有力的嗓音. 39. movable - mobile movable 可移動的， 變動的movable and immovable property 動產(chǎn)與不動產(chǎn)a movable feast 節(jié)期因年而異的節(jié)日 mobile 可動的，活動地 mobile features 富有表情的面貌a mobile drama group 巡回劇團mobile crane 移動式吊車起重機 40. mysterious - mystical mysterious 神秘的 mysterious and inf

38、inite truths. 神秘不可解的真理 mystical 奧妙的 mystical intuition 41. notable - noted notable 著名的（指事）notable beauty 引人注目的美人sled dogs that are notable for their stamina. 雪撬狗以它們的忍耐力而著稱 noted 著名的（指人） a noted author 著名的作家a celebrated musician 有名的音樂家；an eminent scholar 杰出的學(xué)者a famed scientist 聞名的科學(xué)家；a famous actor 著

39、名演員an illustrious judge 顯赫的法官a notable historian 著名歷史學(xué)家a preeminent archaeologist 卓越的考古學(xué)家 42. practical - practicable practical 實際的 a practical method 實用的方法; 有效的方法practical minds 講實際的頭腦a practical teacher 有經(jīng)驗的教師 practicable 可行的， 通行的 a practicable plan 一個可行的計劃 43. regretful - regrettable regretful 遺憾

40、的 (指人） felt regretful over his vanished youthregretful over mistakes she had made regrettable 遺憾的 （指事） Your choice of friends is regrettable. 你對朋友的選擇實在不怎么樣.regrettable remarks 令人遺憾的評論 44. seasonable - seasonal seasonable 及時的 He gave his foolish nephew some seasonable advice. 他給他那些愚笨的侄子一些及時的勸告.a hard

41、 but seasonable frostseasonable clothes seasonal 季節(jié)的a seasonal rise in employment. 就業(yè)的季節(jié)性上升 45. spiritual - spirituous spiritual 精神的 spiritual life 精神生活spiritual gifts 神的恩賜 spirituous 酒精的 spirituous liquors 烈性酒 46. tortuous - torturous tortuous 彎曲的a tortuous road through the mountains. 山中的一條蜿蜒的道路a tortuous plot 變化多端的情節(jié)tortuous legal procedures. 復(fù)雜的法律程序 torturous 受刑的 suffer torture from 因.受痛苦 47. transitory - transient transitory 短時間的 （指事）the disorder of his life: the suc