一般將來時時態(tài)用法講解

1、.一般將來時時態(tài)1. 一般將來時的定義一般將來時表示在現(xiàn)在看來即將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用時間副詞tomorrow,soon或短語 next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime做狀語。如：What will you do this afternoon？ 你今天下午干什么？We will have a meeting tomorrow.我們明天要開會。He is going to study abroad（到國外）next year.明年他要出國學習。2.一般將來時的結構及應用(1) shall / wil

2、l + 動詞原形。表示即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。特別是表示客觀性的事情或在某條件下要發(fā)生的事情，只能用此結構。如：What shall we do if he doesn t come?如果他不來，我們該怎么辦？Will you be free this evening?今天晚上有空嗎？I think he will tell us the truth（真相）。 我想他會告訴我們真實情況的。(2) be going to + 動詞原形。表示已經計劃或安排好了的事情，也可表示有跡象表明肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：We are going to have a meeting to discuss（討論

3、） the matter this evening.今天晚上開會討論這件事情。Look at the black clouds over there. I think it is going to rain soon.看一看那邊的烏云，我想天要下雨了。There is going to be an English evening this week.本周要舉行一個英語晚會。(3) be + 現(xiàn)在分詞。 表示即將發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。這個句型中動詞主要是瞬間動詞：come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, joi

4、n, borrow, buy等。如：Go ahead, and I m coming. 走前面一點吧，我就來。The dog is dying.那條狗要死了。Hurry up. The shop is closing.快點，商店就要關門了。(4) 一般現(xiàn)在時。表示一種嚴格按照計劃進行的動作。比方說，上課、飛機起飛、火車離站等。如：精選.Don t hurry. The meeting starts at a quarter past eight.不要匆忙，回憶八點過一刻開始。The bus goes back at four thirty.汽車四點返回。鞏固練習：一、用所給動詞的適當形式填空1

5、. Li Lei tells me he _(visit)the Great Wall（長城） this weekend.2. My mother _(buy)me a pair of new trousers tomorrow.3. She says she _(leave)soon.4. We _(go) skating if it doesn t rain next Sunday.5. There _(be)an English evening next week.6. Think over, and you _(get)a good idea.7. _Jim _(have)a picn

6、ic next Monday? -No, he _.8. I _(miss)you after you leave here.9. Who _(teach)you English next year10. He _ (be) back in three hours.11. Look at these clouds. It _ (rain).二、改錯：每處劃線中有錯誤，在題后改正1. He will sing and dances for us tomorrow.2. Are you going to swim? -Yes, I will.3. He will help Jim with his

7、 English every day.4. Will her sister sings a song for me tomorrow?5. Theywillntplant trees next week.6. Are they going to plays basketball tomorrow?7. Will we go to visit the factory tomorrow?8. Paul will be going to make dumplings for Emma.9. Are the boys going to the Great Wall next month? -Yes,

8、they will.三、句型轉換：精選.Jim is going to play football tomorrow.Mary will clean thewindows next week.否定句： _一般疑問句：_兩回答： _特殊疑問句：_四、選擇題()1. Are you going to _ our English team? Yes, I am.A. take part inB. joinC. took part inD. joined()2. Xu Xia and her teammates are _ the USA next week.A. leaving forB. leav

9、e forC. leaveD. left()3. There _ an English party in our class next week.A. is going to haveB. is going to beC. will haveD. Have() 4. If it _ tomorrow, we will go to the park.A. isn t rainB. don t rainC. doesn t rainD.won train()5. There _ a football match next week. Shall we go and watch it?A. will

10、 haveB. hasC. haveD. will be“ Would you mind doing ”句型透視mind用作動詞時， 習慣后接動名詞 （短語） 作賓語，而不接動詞不定式，常用于 Wouldyou mind doing ？句型中，具體用法是：1. “ Would you mind doing ？”句型常用于表示請求，意思是“請你做 你是否介意？、請你做 好嗎？”，是一種比較客氣的表達方式。如：Would you mind turning off the light in the room？請你把房間里的燈關掉好嗎？如果要表示“請你不要做 你是否介意？、請你不要做 好嗎？”，只需要

11、在精選.doing前面加上not. 如：Would you mind not standing in front of me？請你不要站在我的前面好嗎？2. 如果同意，表示不介意時，可用如下用語來表達：Certainly/Of course not./Not at all./No， not at all； 如果不同意，表示介意時，常用“Sorry/I m sorry.”（對不起）及陳述某種理由來表示拒絕或反對。如： Would you mind going to the movies this evening？今晚去看電影好嗎？ I m sorry. But I haven t finishe

12、d my homework yet.對不起，我的作業(yè)還沒有完成。學習時還要注意：1. “ Would you mind doing ？”句型中的would 也可用 do 代替，但語氣較生硬，不如用 would 客氣。2. “ Wouldyouminddoing ？”句型中的邏輯主語只能是談話的對方y(tǒng)ou. 如果想要對方允許自己做某事，可用“Would you mind my doing ？”句型，如：Would you mind my smoking here？你介意我在這里吸煙嗎？鞏固練習：一、用下面提供的短語完成句子。1. help me wash my clothesWould you

13、mind _？2. give her a cup of teaWould you mind _？3. help him mend his carDo you have _？4. walk on the roadWould you mind _ on the road？二、選擇題()1. Would you mind _ us in the game? Not at all.A. joiningB. joinC. join inD. joining in精選.()2. Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sunday? I d love

14、to. But I _ play table tennis against Class Three.A. am goingB. am going toC. amD. going to()3. Would you mind _here? I m sorry about that. I ll go somewhere else.A. no smokingB. not smokingC. no smokeD. not smokehad better用法詳解1. had better的基本用法特點其意為“最好”、“應該”，后接動詞原形，與情態(tài)動詞should用法相似，其中的had 通常縮略為d ：Yo

15、u d better get some sleep你最好去睡一會兒。We had bettergo before it rains.我們最好在下雨前就去。2. had better如何構成否定式和疑問式構成否定式時，通常將not 置于 had better之后 (而不是 had 之后 )；而構成疑問式時，則通常將had( 而不是 had better)置于主語之前：I d better notdisturb him我最好別去打擾他。What had we better do?我們最好怎么辦?練習題()1. I m afraid you have a cold. You d better go

16、to see a doctor. _A. No, I have no time.B. That s a good idea.C. It s very kind of you.D. I m sorry to hear that.()2. I m fat. What should I do? You d better eat _ meat and _ fruits.A. less; moreB. less; lessC. more; lessD. more; more()3. You had better ask your brother _ playing computer games.It s

17、 bad for him.精選.A. to give upB. not to give upC. to give it upD. not give it up()4. I have a stomachache. What should I do? You _ drink sweet water and _ eat sweet food.A. had better not; shouldntB. should; had betterC. had better; had betterD. shouldn t; should()5. I have a toothache. You should _.

18、A. drink lots of waterB. take a restC. see a dentistD. have a good sleep情態(tài)動詞的基本用法歸納情態(tài)動詞有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would),need (needed), ought to等。情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化；不能單獨使用，必須與其后的動詞原形構成謂語。一、can, could1. 表示能力（體力、知識、技能）。Can you lift this heavy box?（體力）Mary can speak three

19、languages.（知識）Can you skate?（技能）2. 表示請求和允許。-Can I go now?-Yes, you can. / No, you can t.此時可與may 互換。在疑問句中還可用could,might代替，不是過去式，只是語氣更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答語中。- Could I come to see you tomorrow?-Yes, you can. ( No, I m afraid not. )3. 表示客觀可能性（客觀原因形成的能力）。They ve changed the timetable, so we cango by bus instead.

20、This hall can hold 500 people at least.4. 表示推測（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度），用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。精選.Can this be true?This can t be done by him.How can this be true?二、may, might1. 表示請求和允許。 might 比 may 語氣更委婉，而不是過去式。 否定回答時可用 can t 或 mustn t ，表示“不可以，禁止”。-Might/ May I smoke in this room?-No, you mustn t.- May/Might I take th

21、is book out of the room?-Yes, you can. (No, you can t / mustn t. )用 May I.？征徇對方許可時比較正式和客氣，而用Can I.？在口語中更常見。2. 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed!3. 表示推測、可能性（不用于疑問句）。might不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may 小。1 He may /might be very busy now.2 Your mother may /might not know the truth.三、must, have to1. 表示必須、必要。You must come

22、in time.在回答引出的問句時， 如果是否定的， 不能用 mustn t（禁止，不準），而用 needn t,don t have to（不必）.- Must we hand in our exercise books today?- Yes, you must.-No, you don t have to / you needn t.2. must是說話人的主觀看法，而 have to則強調客觀需要。must只有一般現(xiàn)在時，have to有更多的時態(tài)形式。1 ） he play isn t interesting, I really must go now.2 ） I had to wo

23、rk when I was your age.精選.3. 表示推測、可能性（只用于肯定的陳述句）1 ） You re Tom s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.2 ） Your mother must be waiting for you now.四、 need1.need作情態(tài)動詞用時, 常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to,ought to, should代替。1 ） You needn t come so early.2 ） - Need I finish the work today?-Ye

24、s, you must. / No, you needn t.2. need作實義動詞用時，有人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。而need 后面只能接帶to 的不定式。He needs to finish his homework today.五、shall, should1.shall用于第一人稱，征求對方的意見。What shall we do this evening?2.shall用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。1 ） .You shall fail if you don t work hard.()警告2 ） He shall have the book when I

25、 finish it.(允諾 )3 ） He shall be punished.(威脅 )六、will, would1. 表示請求、建議等， would 更委婉。Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?2. 表示意志、愿望和決心。1 ） . I will never do that again.2. ） They asked him if he would go abroad.3. would表示過去反復發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向。would表示過去習慣時比used to正式，且沒有“現(xiàn)已無此習慣”的含義。1 ） . During the vacatio

26、n, he would visit me every other day.2 ） . The wound would not heal.精選.七、should1.should表示“應該”1 ） . I should help her because she is in trouble.2. 表示推測should , (客觀推測 ), must(主觀推測 )。1 ） .He must be home by now. (斷定他已到家)2 ） He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定 )3 ） This is where the oil must be.(直爽

27、)4 ） This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄 )練習題()1. May I ask you some questions, Dr. Wang?_A. You re welcome.B. Sure, go ahead.C. No, I m busy.D. Yes,youmust.()2. Must I take part in the activity? No, you _. You re too young. You should look afteryourself.A. mustntB. dontC. cantD.don thaveto

28、()3. May I watch TV, Mom? I m afraid you _.A. should notB. cantC. must notD. may not()4. Must we keep the window _ all the time? No, you don t have to.A. openingB. openedC. to openD. open()5. Must I take the medicine every day? No, you _.A. mustB. mustntC. needntD. cant()6. My mother is ill. I _ sta

29、y at home to take care of her.A. canB. mayC. have toD. maybe精選.()7. May I use your dictionary, Lily? Sure, _.A. go aheadB. you can ask BillC. you cantD.that s allright反身代詞用法歸納一、反身代詞的基本形式反身代詞是oneself根據(jù)所指詞的人稱、性別、單復數(shù)等的變化可以有myself, himself,herself, yourself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves等形式。

30、二、 oneself與 himself當 one 指人時，其相應的反身代詞通常用oneself,在美國英語中也可用himself：One should not praise oneself himself.一個人不應該自吹自擂。三、反身代詞的句法功能：1. 用作同位語 (加強被修飾詞的語氣，緊放在被修飾名詞后, 或句末：The box itself is not so heavy.箱子本身并不重。Martin himself attended the sick man.馬丁親自照顧病人。2. 用作賓語 (動詞或介詞的賓語 )：Take good care of yourself.照顧好自己。S

31、he could not make herself understood.她不能使別人聽懂她的話。The child cried himself to sleep.孩子哭著哭著睡著了。3.用作表語The poor boy was myself.那個可憐的孩子就是我自己。The ones who really want it are ourselves.真正想要它的是我們自己。代詞列表人稱代詞人稱代詞形容詞性名詞性反身代詞主格賓格物主代詞物主代詞Imemyminemyself精選.weusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselfyourselvesshehe

32、rherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsitselftheythemtheirtheirsthemselves主格做主語賓格做賓語放在名詞前替代形代 +名詞by 后接放在動詞介詞不可單獨用不可與名詞連反身代詞后用()1. He plays basketball so well! Who taught _? He learnt it by _.A. him; himB. himself; himselfC. him; himselfD. himself; him要求四會的單詞名詞體育運動teammatchfootballtennisbaseballs

33、katingrowingcyclingbasketballsoccer人物或稱謂類personplayermusicianscientistpilotpolicemanpolicewomanpostmanfishermanherograndfathergrandmothergrandparents物品類basketcuppapergoldrecordbrushring處所類grasstheatre/theatermuseumfactory精選.身體健康類bodyhealthtoothacheheadachefevercoughstomachacheillnessmedicineheart食品飲

34、料類coffeeteacandyfruitsugartomato+espotato+essaltwatermelonsandwichstrawberrybeefbiscuitmeal時間類agecenturyweekend文化信息類informationwebsiteInternetdictionaryknowledgemessagepassageculture其他showerfactcareadvice(a piece of advice)newspityarticlesmokeriskquestionhabitworldwarintroductionnotesmilepeacesouthm

35、iddletaxianswerlittervoicescorelinephoneexampleskillpointchancesuggestionmindsidedreamfuturefriendshipjumppart形容詞或副詞weak strongleast mostpopular unpopularhealthy =fit illfat thindirty cleanusefuluselessdark brighthungryfulldead alivecheap expensive=deartruefalse精選.correct wrongpossible impossiblequi

36、teexcited /excitingtired/tiringcertainlybadlyreallyfinallyevenfamousmadangrymainsuccessfulenoughterribleseriousstillfunnyactivemodernnecessary動詞：wincheerrowjoinskatecycledreamgrowspendjumprelaxleavekickpassthrowfightenjoy/practice/ finish/ mind+doing sth.advisekillinventbecomefollowholdscorepointhit

37、hearringstandfeelbreakrecordsuggestliftboilbrushliecrycarecheckworrycausesmoketasteforceriskbuildhappen介詞againstthroughwithoutoffexcept詞組薈萃名詞詞組tabletennisthedayaftertomorrowdayandnightice creampotato chipsfirst aidrelay race動詞詞組cheer.ongrow upbe good forbegoodat=dowellin do badlyintakepartinkeep fit

38、leave forfall illgive sb. a handshout at sb.doone s best=tryone s bestbeangrywith精選.talk aboutcome into beingstand forhave a coldliedownworry aboutgo aheadbuild sb. uptakecare of介詞詞組及其他forexampleatleastin factas.aspossiblein the futureontheotherhandinsteadofalloverat first課本中出現(xiàn)的詞組或搭配歸納be abletobe su

39、rebeinterested inseesb.do/doing sthjointheschool rowingteamjoinsbspend .doing sththehighjumpthelongjumpturn .into.make sb./sth. +adj.all over the worldhelp sb. dosthplay againsthave funthemostpopularsportsstopsbfromdoingsth.suchas/for examplehundreds of yearsthe bo ys 800 -meter racelots of= a lot o

40、fmakefriendswithsb.winthefirstplacenexttimelook/ get well/bettertake one s advicetakemedicinetake/haveabathhave/takearestfeel like doing sth.go upgo outfall downnothing seriousstay up精選.havea good restdo morning/eyeexercisestell/asksb to do sth.give upshowsb.sth.=showsth.to sb.toomuch重句大本營1. What ar

41、e you going to do? I m going to play basketball.2. Would you like to come and cheer us on?Sure ， I d love to.3. Which sport do you prefer, swimming or rowing? I prefer rowing.4. Are you going to join the school rowing team? Yes, I am./ No, I m not.5. What s your favorite sport, _ ? Basketball, of co

42、urse.6. Who s your favorite player? LeBron James.7. What are you going to be when you grow up? I m going to be a scientist.8. Why do you like playing soccer?Because it makes him strongand it s popular all over the world.9. _, could you help me(=give me a hand), please?Sure.10. Will you join us? I d

43、be glad to.11. Would you mind teaching me?Not at all. You can do it!12. Would you mind not putting your bike here?精選. Sorry. I ll put itsomewhere else.13. _, I am sorry for what I said.(賓語從句） It s nothing.14. Will you take part in the school sports meet?Of course I will.15. Which sport will you take

44、 part in? The boys 800-meter race.16. Hello, is _ in ?Speaking.17. What shall we take? We ll take our sports clothes and sports shoes.18. Shall I take my camera? Good idea! It ll be fun19. When shall we meet? Let smake it half past six.20. Where shall we meet?At my house.21. Hello, _! You don t look well. What s wrong with you？=What s the matter with you?=What is the matter