圖書館員在新資訊服務(wù)鏈之內(nèi)還是之外

1、1圖書館員在新資訊服務(wù)鏈之內(nèi)還是之外圖書館員在新資訊服務(wù)鏈之內(nèi)還是之外Inclusion or Exclusion: New Information Service Network and Librarians 陳昭珍 Chao-chen Chen臺師大圖資所教授兼圖書館館長 Professor of Graduate Institute of Library and Information Studies, Library Director, NTNU, Taiwan 2I would start by talking about “what would Google do？” 34JEFF

2、 JARVISJEFF JARVIS, author of What Would Google Do? (HarperCollins 2009), blogs about media and news at B. He is associate professor and director of the interactive journalism program at the City University of New Yorks new Graduate School of Journalism. He is consulting editor and a partner at Dayl

3、ife, a news startup. He writes a new media column for The Guardian and is host of its Media Talk USA podcast. He consults for media companies. 5What Would Google do 這本書在描述Google的創(chuàng)新法則：沒有比免費(fèi)更具吸引力了，誰能想出不收錢又能賺錢的新商業(yè)模式，就能成為新時代贏家；創(chuàng)造開放式平臺，有趣的顧客會帶來更多有趣的顧客，行銷要進(jìn)化，先懂得說真話，成長要靠朋友(網(wǎng)路上的社群朋友)，不能靠廣告，讓顧客指引你營運(yùn)的方向，交出控制權(quán)

4、，善用社群力量，從中找到有用的小眾資訊，眾多小眾加總就成為大眾。6What Would Google do This book talks about Googles innovation principle: nothing has more appeal than being free of charge. Whoever can think of a profiting business without charging the clients will become the leader of a new era. The creation of a open platform mea

5、ns that interested customers will bring in more interested customers. Evolution of marketing is also necessary-first, tell the truth, then base growth on friends in online communities instead of ads. Allow the clients to lead the direction of management and put control in their hands. Make good use

6、of communities-find useful information for small groups; the accumulation of many small groups will become the masses.7What Would Google do 這本書也描繪出一個Google 理想國：透過Google 可以得到所要的資訊，可以讓我們詢問到所有的答案，而且都是公開且免費(fèi)的。因?yàn)镚oogle，媒體業(yè)改變，廣告業(yè)被終結(jié)，零售業(yè)需要以開放為基礎(chǔ)，公共事業(yè)需要以便宜價(jià)格提供貼心服務(wù)，對製造業(yè)而言，市場即對話，對服務(wù)業(yè)而言，顧客就是你的品牌，金融業(yè)需成為公開透明的資金平臺

7、，就社會公益事業(yè)而言，資訊必需分享讓人人受惠，就公共機(jī)構(gòu)而言，應(yīng)將禮物經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型為禮物社會，有了Google，誰還需要大學(xué)，教室時間或許寶貴，但不見得需要。 若照此原則發(fā)展，大學(xué)圖書館會消失嗎？這個問題已經(jīng)在圖書館界被問過幾千萬次了。8What Would Google do This book also describes a Google Utopia, a place where everything is open. we can get all the information we want via Google and for free. Google has resulted in

8、 changes in the media: ads have been terminated; sales should be open; public services should be cheap and considerate; for manufacturers, the market is communication; for servers, the clients are your brand; an open and transparent platform is needed in finance; for social welfare, information shou

9、ld be for all; and as for public institutions, a switch should be made from gifting economies to gifting societies. With Google, universities are no longer needed-time in the classroom may be precious, but not necessarily required.9如果資訊都是免費(fèi)的如果資訊都是免費(fèi)的 If all information is free 不過如果資訊都是免費(fèi)的，作者為何還要出版這本

10、書？而且還是紙本？ If all information is free, why did the author publish this book, and in paper form? make a living good services of publisher there is still profit for publishing books10如果資訊都是免費(fèi)的 If all information is free 出版社之所以還能販?zhǔn)蹖?shí)體圖書、就是因?yàn)樗€能賺錢，但這樣還能撐多久？出版社應(yīng)該撐下去嗎？ The reason books are still being publi

11、shed in paper form is because there is still profit.How long can this last? Should publishing houses make a stand? 11如果資訊都是免費(fèi)的 If all information is free 也許免費(fèi)可以保住出版界的命，免費(fèi)的網(wǎng)路版本可能會刺激實(shí)體書的銷量。因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)路上免費(fèi)的章節(jié)，可以讓書被更多人看到，提高作者知名度，讀者的好奇心，及人想擁有的渴望。 Maybe free-of-charge can save the publishing industry-free online

12、versions may stimulate book sales, because free chapters online can be read by a wider group of people and make the author more well-known as well as increase the curiosity of readers and lead them to want more 12而學(xué)術(shù)出版的情況又是如何呢？而學(xué)術(shù)出版的情況又是如何呢？What about academic publishing? 學(xué)者教授不是為了賺錢而發(fā)表文章，而是為了被肯定，如果網(wǎng)

13、路免費(fèi)出版可以讓作者更受肯定，並給一個公認(rèn)的肯定指標(biāo)，沒有人要在付費(fèi)的期刊上發(fā)表。 Most scholars publish papers not for money, but to be recognized. 寫文章的學(xué)者不是為了錢，審文章的學(xué)者也沒有拿審查費(fèi)，學(xué)術(shù)界為何不自己出版免費(fèi)且評價(jià)高的期刊，直接放在網(wǎng)路上，誰都可以看得到？ Scholars do not write papers for money; the reviewers also do not get paid. Why, then, does academia not have a free, acclaimed o

14、nline journal for all to see? 13Open Access 網(wǎng)路上可以找到的學(xué)術(shù)著作，是否已可滿足大多數(shù)的研究者的需求？ Is the work that can be found online enough to meet the needs of the majority of researchers? 是否大多數(shù)的人都使用網(wǎng)路上的免費(fèi)學(xué)術(shù)期刊多於圖書館訂購的電子期刊？ Do most use the free online journals more than the e-journals in libraries? 圖書館為何要花大筆的經(jīng)費(fèi)，訂購很多電子書、

15、電子期刊、資料庫？ Why do libraries still spend large amounts of money on e-books, e-journals and databases? 電子書、電子期刊、資料庫的製作成本、訂購成本，是否已遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大於使用需求？Has the cost of e-books, e-journals and databases surpassed their need? 14Web as the platform of publishing 大多數(shù)的學(xué)者發(fā)表文章，並不是為了替人類增加了不起的創(chuàng)作或發(fā)現(xiàn)，而是因?yàn)榇髮W(xué)要求這麼做，這個要求讓研究者必需努力的將

16、自己的名字出版在刊物上，好讓他人肯定。一般作者寫書也不是因?yàn)闀赡軙充N而寫，而是因?yàn)閯?chuàng)作欲望而寫。網(wǎng)路這個平臺似乎更能滿足學(xué)者及作者上述的的需求。 Most scholars publish papers not to show their creations and discoveries, but because their universities require them to do so, to have their names on published materials and be recognized. Most authors also dont write becaus

17、e they think their books will be a hit, but because of a creative drive. Hence, the Web seems to be able to be more fitting to the needs of scholars and writers.15Google 理想國會不會成真理想國會不會成真 Whether or not Google Utopia will become reality 如果人全部是理性的，Google會成真 If all human beings are rational, then Googl

18、e Utopia can become reality. 如果既有的制度很容易改變，學(xué)術(shù)期刊完全Open Access也會成真 If changes can be made easily to the institutions already in place, full open access of academic journals can also become a reality. 16Google 理想國會不會成真理想國會不會成真 Whether or not Google Utopia will become reality 如果不會成真，越來越更開放也是必然的 Even if t

19、hat doesnt happen, having more open access still seems to be the natural course. 17大學(xué)圖書館的未來The future of university libraries 如果Google理想國成真，圖書館也沒有存在的必要；或許也不需要等Google理想國完全實(shí)現(xiàn)，只要實(shí)現(xiàn)一半，圖書館就會消失，或者不需要每一所大學(xué)有一個大學(xué)圖書館，只要一所學(xué)術(shù)數(shù)位圖書館就可以了，其他的空間都可以改為大學(xué)網(wǎng)咖、大學(xué)閱覽室、腦力激盪的討論空間或之類的地方。 If Google Utopia becomes reality, libra

20、ries no longer need to exist. In fact, Google Utopia might not need to be fully realized (maybe up to 50%), and libraries could cease to exist. Not all universities would need a library-only one academic library is enough; the rest can be converted to university Internet cafes, reading lounges or sp

21、aces to discuss ideas. 18在Google理想國尚未成真之前 Befor Google Utopia becomes reality 遵循Google 創(chuàng)新法則 Following the Google Innovation Principles 大學(xué)圖書館必需與網(wǎng)路連結(jié)，不是建立 網(wǎng)站即可，是將所有的資訊都讓Google蒐尋引擎可以查得到，這樣才可以連到已經(jīng)生活在Google世界的人。 Linking -University libraries must be accessible by Google, so that they are connected to the people of Google world. 要更開放，讓使用者變成大學(xué)圖書館的品牌 More open, let users become our brand19在Google理想國尚未成真之前 Before Google Utopia becomes reality個人化服務(wù)，解決個人的問題Personalized