人教版高中英語必修4重點詞匯、短語、句型、語法大全

1、人教版高中英語必修4重點詞匯、短語、句型、語法大全Unit1 Women of achievement【重點詞匯、短語】1. human beings 人類2. campaign 運動，戰(zhàn)役3. behave 行為4. shade 陰涼處5. move off 離開，啟程6. observe 觀察7. respect 尊重8. argue 討論，辯論9. lead a.life 過著的生活10. crowd in 涌入腦海11. support 支持12. look

2、 down upon/on 看不起13. refer to 查閱，參考，涉及14. by chance 碰巧15. come across 偶遇16. intend 計劃，打算17. deliver 提送，生（小孩），接生，發(fā)表（演說）18. carry on 繼續(xù)，堅持【重點句型】1. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other and her study of their body language helped her work out their soc

3、ial system.她還發(fā)現(xiàn)了黑猩猩之間是如何交流的，而她對黑猩猩身勢語的研究幫助她弄清楚了黑猩猩的社會體系。 work out 解決、解答、計算出；產(chǎn)生結(jié)果、發(fā)展；鍛煉；作出、制訂出2. She is leading a busy life but she says 她過著忙碌的生活，但是她說 lead a life = live a life 過的生活3. Many people look down upon poor people. 很多人瞧不起窮人。 look down upon / on 蔑視；輕視；瞧不起You mustnt look down up

4、on/ on the disabled.你絕不能瞧不起殘疾人。4. If the word group refers to different members, use a plural verb.如果group（作主語）指的是各個成員，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 refer to指的是：提及；談到；提到；查閱、參考5. By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in womens diseases.很偶然地，我看到了一篇關(guān)于林巧稚大夫的文章，她是一名婦科專家。

5、 by chance=by accident  偶然地，意外地6. Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work?為什么不像林巧稚那樣去讀醫(yī)學院，繼續(xù)她的偉大事業(yè)呢？ carry on 繼續(xù)；堅持【語法總結(jié)】主謂一致（點擊“主謂一致”即可查看全部內(nèi)容）Unit 2 Working the land【重點詞匯、短語】1. struggle 斗爭2. expand 使變大，伸展3. thanks to 幸虧，由于4. ri

6、d 擺脫5. ridof 擺脫，除去6. be satisfied with 對感到滿意7. would rather寧愿8. therefore 因此9. export 出口10. regret 后悔，遺憾11. build up 逐漸增加，建立，開發(fā)12. lead to 導致13. focus on 集中與14. reduce 減少15. keep.free from/of  使免受影響16. comment 評論，議論【重點句型】1. Have you ev

7、er grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them? If not, what kind of plant would you like to try growing?你種過植物嗎？如果種過的話，你是怎么種植的？如果沒有種過的話，你想要嘗試種植什么植物？ If so為省略句式，意為“如果是這樣的話”，if用作連詞，so 用來代替上文的內(nèi)容，以避免重復。If not 意為“如果不是這樣的話，否則，要不然”，意義與If so 相反。2. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer

8、in the world to grow rice that has a high output.1974年，他成了世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)先鋒。不定式放在表示次序的詞如the first, the last以及the only, the very, the right, the best等詞后面作定語,且與所修飾的名詞之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。3. Using his hybrid rice, framers are producing harvest twice as large as before. 用他的雜交水稻， 農(nóng)民種出的糧食是以前的兩倍?！皌imes as+形容詞/副詞的原

9、級+ as”為常見的倍數(shù)表達法，意為“是的幾倍”。This room is three times as big as that one.這個房間是那個房間的三倍大。知識拓展英語中常見的倍數(shù)表達法還有：This room is twice bigger than that one.= This room is three times the size of that one.這個房間是那個房間的三倍大。The output of TV sets in our factory is 15 times that of ten years ago.= The output is 15 times w

10、hat it was ten years ago.我們廠電視機的產(chǎn)量是10年前的15倍?！菊Z法總結(jié)】動名詞動詞的ing形式如果是名詞，這種形式叫做動名詞。動名詞具有名詞的性質(zhì)，因此在句中可以作主語、表語、賓語、定語等。一. 動名詞的四種形式及其意義基本形式：doing （表示主動）被動式：being done（表示被動）完成式：having done（表示主動和完成）完成被動式：having been done（表示被動和完成） 例如：Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.在未來，普通人

11、在太空旅行將會是普遍的事情。Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans.Freddy和他的樂隊到哪里都被他們的粉絲跟著。I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.我不知道他做過這樣一件違背你的事情。Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.很多顧客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少兩過。二. 動名詞的語法功能動名詞在句中可以做主語

12、、賓語、表語和定語等。Learning English is very difficult .（作主語）學英語非常困難。I enjoy dancing.（作動詞賓語）我喜歡跳舞。 I have got used to living in the country.（作介詞賓語）我已經(jīng)習慣了住農(nóng)村。His job is driving a bus.（作表語）他的工作是開車。 The washing mashine woks well.（作定語）這臺洗衣機非常好用。三. 注意事項1. 只接動名詞（不能接不定式）作賓語的28個常用動詞practice、consider、enjoy、

13、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、 mind、miss、permit、prohibit 2. 既可接不定式也可接動名詞，但含義完全不同的8個動詞remember to do sth. 記住要做某事（未做）  remember doing sth. 記得做過某事（已做）  forget to

14、 do sth. 忘記去做某事（未做）  forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事（已做）regret to do sth. 遺憾要做某事（未做）  regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做過某事（已做）try to do sth. 努力做某事   try doing sth. 嘗試做某事 mean to do sth. 計劃做某事  mean doing sth. 意味著做某事 cant help to do sth. 不能幫助做某事 cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 &#

15、160;go on to do sth. 繼續(xù)做另一件事  go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做同一件事stop to do sth. 停下來去做另一件事stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事情3. it 做形式主語，動名詞做真正主語位于句末的重要句型It is no use/not any use/hardly any use/useless doingIt is no good / not much good doing It is no worthwhile doing It is a waste of time doingUnit 3 

16、;A taste of English humor【重點詞匯、短語】1. up to now 直到現(xiàn)在2. content 滿足的，滿意的3. feel/be content with 對滿足4. badly off 窮的，缺少的5. entertain 使歡樂，款待6. overcome 戰(zhàn)勝，克服7. pick out 挑出，辨別出8. cut off 切斷，斷絕9. convince 使信服10. direct 導演，指揮；直接的11. star in 擔任主

17、角12. slide 使滑動13. whisper 耳語，低語14. react 做出反應，回應【重點句型】1. Not that Charlies own life was easy!倒不是說查理自己的生活是輕松的。 not that“并非，倒不是說”，用于句首或短語之前，表否定含義。2. You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. 你會覺得震驚，卓別林則

18、會講話的時候就被教唱歌，剛會走路的時候就學跳舞。 此句中it作形式賓語，that從句是真正的主語；astonishing是動詞-ing形式作賓語補足語，與賓語構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系。3. Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off不幸地是他的父親去世了，整個家庭的狀況更糟了 本句中l(wèi)eaving the family even worse off為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語，表示順其自然的結(jié)果?！菊Z法總結(jié)】現(xiàn)在分詞一. 現(xiàn)在分詞的四種形式及其意義基本形式：doing （表示主動和進行）被動式：being done

19、（表示被動和進行）完成式：having done（表示主動和完成）完成被動式：having been done（表示被動和完成） He sat there，reading a newspaper.他坐在那里，讀著一張報紙。The area being studied may be rich in coal.這個正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。Having finished my homework，I began to watch TV.完成作業(yè)后，我開始看電視。Having been told many times，she still can't remember it.已經(jīng)被告

20、訴了很多次，她仍然記不住。二. 現(xiàn)在分詞的語法功能現(xiàn)在分詞在句中可以做表語、定語、狀語和補語等。The story is interesting.這個故事有趣。He sat there，reading a newspaper.（作狀語）他坐在那里，讀著一張報紙。The area being studied may be rich in coal.（作定語）這個正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。He saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.（作賓補）他看到小偷正在從銀行偷錢。Unit4 Body language【重點詞匯、短

21、語】1. represent 代表，象征2. approach 接近，靠近3. defend 保護，保衛(wèi)4. defend against 保衛(wèi)以免受5. likely 可能的6. be likely to 很可能7. in general 總的來說，通常8. ease 安逸，減輕9. at ease 舒適，自由自在10. lose face 丟臉11. turn ones back to 背對，背棄【重點句型】1. The first person to arrive was Ton

22、y Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一個到達的是來自哥倫比亞的托尼·家西亞，隨后緊跟著的是來自英國的茱莉亞·史密斯。 句中closely followed by是過去分詞短語作伴隨狀語，一般現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語的時候較多，但如果伴隨的動作與所修飾的名詞構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，則用過去分詞。2. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same w

23、ay with touching or distance between people.各種文化背景下的人們互致問候的方式不盡相同，身體接觸的程度和相互間距離也并不一樣。 本句中not all“并不是所有的”，是部分否定，在英語中有一些用來表示“全體”或“完全”意義的總括詞，如all, both, every, everything, entirely, completely 等，與not連用時， 無論not 在它們前面還是后面，都構(gòu)成部分否定，意為“并非所有都”，“并非每一都”。3. These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways

24、 in which cultures have developed.這些行為都無所謂好壞，只不過是文化發(fā)展的不同方式而已。 句中ways 后面跟的是in which 引導的定語從句。當先行詞是way時，后面的定語從句如果缺少方式狀語，引導定語從句的引導詞有三種方式：in which, that 或不用任何引導詞?！菊Z法總結(jié)】動詞ing形式（詳見第三和第四單元語法總結(jié)）Unit5 Theme parks【重點詞匯、短語】1. be famous for 以聞名2. swing 秋千，搖擺3. no wonder 難怪，不足為奇4. preserve 保存，保留，保護區(qū)5. be modeled after 仿造6. advance 前進，促進7. in advance 提前8. get close to 接近9. come to life 活躍起來【重點句型】1. Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters,