中考英語書面表達(dá)、綜合填詞等綜合能力題指導(dǎo)

1、本資料來源于七彩教育網(wǎng)中考英語書面表達(dá)、綜合填詞等綜合能力題指導(dǎo)（一）書面表達(dá)書面表達(dá)是近兩年中新加的題型，分值也由去年的5分上升為今年的15分，可見是非常重要的一項(xiàng)?？疾榈男问綖榭磮D寫話，有一些提示詞語及開頭，要求考生根據(jù)所給出的幾幅動(dòng)態(tài)的有聯(lián)系的圖片，迅速、準(zhǔn)確地找出圖中所含的信息點(diǎn)，首先補(bǔ)全開頭，再將整個(gè)故事使用上所給詞語，用英文表述出來。我們寫的文章最主要的是可讀，能把圖中內(nèi)容表達(dá)清楚，文筆不一定非常好，要先以不出錯(cuò)，達(dá)意為主要目標(biāo)。寫的時(shí)候可以按照以下步驟進(jìn)行：1. 審題、讀圖：我們在寫文章之前一定要看好題目的要求，確定文章的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)及一些基本要求。然后把圖仔細(xì)連貫地看一遍，用正常

2、的邏輯把故事串成一個(gè)整體，再把每一幅圖所體現(xiàn)的信息點(diǎn)寫出來，找信息點(diǎn)的時(shí)候要從圖中挖掘這樣幾項(xiàng)基本信息：who , what , where , when , how即找出誰在哪兒在什么地方做了什么事，是怎樣做的。2. 根據(jù)所找信息寫出所應(yīng)用到的英文詞，詞組及句型。寫這一步的時(shí)候要結(jié)合步驟1找的信息點(diǎn)，用自己最熟悉的詞和句型來完成，不熟悉的要避免和變通。3. 連詞組句：把所寫的詞、詞組寫成完整的句子，完成了這一步，每幅圖的信息就已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化成了含有信息的句子了。4. 找過渡：每幅圖寫成了兩三句話之后還不夠，因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)圖與圖之間需要一些過渡才能使故事情節(jié)完整。在這一步中就要我們找出過渡詞（如when

3、, after , then , ）和過渡句使文章連貫。5. 成文、總結(jié)、升華：做好了以上幾步基本上文章就成形了，但一般來說我們還要進(jìn)行主題的總結(jié)、升華，并在適當(dāng)?shù)牡胤綕櫳?. 檢查：這是寫作中非常重要的一環(huán)，但往往被同學(xué)們忽視。如能做好這一步將使自己的文章提高一個(gè)檔次。檢查時(shí)要做到以下基本幾項(xiàng)：（1）查拼寫（2）查人稱：人稱必須保證不出錯(cuò)，否則的話將出現(xiàn)很大的失誤。（3）查時(shí)態(tài)：確定是否正確。（4）查動(dòng)詞：找出每句話的謂語動(dòng)詞，先看拼寫，再看形式、時(shí)態(tài)、搭配，這一步必須認(rèn)真、仔細(xì)，如動(dòng)詞失誤也會(huì)失分較多。（5）查名詞：名詞主要看單、復(fù)數(shù)，可數(shù)及不可數(shù)，另外要看一下主謂一致的問題。（6）如果

4、可能還要查一下句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否有誤，如動(dòng)詞原形不可以做主語，be動(dòng)詞不能與實(shí)義動(dòng)詞同時(shí)使用等等。7. 常見書面表達(dá)話題及常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）生病、看醫(yī)生：be ill in bed , feel bad / not feel well , go to the hospital , take sb to the hospital , look over, look after , give sb some medicine , take the medicine , have a good rest , have a cold / fever （2）受傷：be / get hurt , break

5、ones arm（s）/ leg（s）, tie ones legs，再加上上述的去醫(yī)院看病的常用短語。（3）助人為樂：help sb（to）do , help sb with sth , thank sb for + n. / doing以上3類可能會(huì)用到以下總結(jié)、升華的句子：What a good boy / girl he / she is ! We should learn from / him them ! / We should follow his / her example . （4）保護(hù)環(huán)境：這個(gè)話題大體有兩種，一是種樹等直接保護(hù)環(huán)境，另一種是先破壞環(huán)境后經(jīng)有人提醒，批評、知

6、錯(cuò)、改正、意識到保護(hù)環(huán)境重要性。plant trees（on the hill）, dig a hole , put some earth into the hole , tie the tree to the stick to make it straight , though we felt very tired , we were very happy , throw sth on the ground , pick up , dustbin , feel sorry , sbs face turned red 總結(jié)升華句：If everyone makes a contribution

7、 to protecting the environment , our world will become more and more beautiful . / Its our duty to protect our environment / We shouldnt throw rubbish about （5）其他類：除了以上常見話題外，還有一些話題如寫日記，寫信，根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容寫短文等形式，對于這些內(nèi)容我們應(yīng)該熟悉，多讀范文，并把開頭及重要句子背誦下來以備不時(shí)之需。8. 應(yīng)注意的問題：（1）首先切忌在寫作時(shí)用沒見過或不熟悉的句型、詞語等，因?yàn)檫@往往是錯(cuò)誤的，每寫一句話都要想句型，避免編

8、造。（2）注意積累一些常用的動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則變化?？荚囍锌隙〞?huì)設(shè)一些有不規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞，如buy , go , bring , hurt , come , take等等。（3）不要輕易落筆，成文，最好先打個(gè)草稿，至少在心里先對全文作個(gè)整體上的安排。（4）不要在考試時(shí)使用鉛筆或使用改正帶、修正液等，另外，若在試卷上作草稿了，千萬記得涂下去，如不按上述要求做，試卷將做廢卷處理。（5）不要忘記檢查：把每句話中的動(dòng)詞找出來，首先看看它（們）是否符合謂語動(dòng)詞的要求，另外在拼寫、形式搭配上有無錯(cuò)誤；名詞查查拼寫，可數(shù)與不可數(shù)性，等等。（二）綜合填詞這一項(xiàng)是拉開檔次的重要一環(huán)，想在這項(xiàng)上提高成績不是一天兩天就可以

9、實(shí)現(xiàn)的。面臨即將到來的中考，我們要做好如下準(zhǔn)備：在填詞之前，先帶著10個(gè)空進(jìn)行障礙閱讀，了解文章大意，了解題裁與體裁，不要急于下筆，除非有非常明顯的固定搭配或一眼就可有把握地填出的空。然后開始邊讀邊填，填的時(shí)候先判斷該填詞的詞性及在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，填了一輪后可能還會(huì)有34個(gè)空沒填出來，這時(shí)我們很多同學(xué)就容易只看這一句話，苦思冥想該填什么詞，其實(shí)我們應(yīng)該帶著這3、4個(gè)空再通讀全文，有時(shí)如果通盤來看可能就會(huì)有答案了，而且有的空的答案就在下文中。經(jīng)過這輪的閱讀后如果還有1、2個(gè)填不出那最后就要去“蒙”上，想以這個(gè)字母開頭的較為簡單的詞最好還符合該空所需要的詞性，不管怎樣，一定不要空著。（三）閱讀理解

10、中考中只有passage C為課外閱讀，這5分我們要盡量大膽地去拿，閱讀無非分成簡單細(xì)節(jié)題，稍復(fù)雜細(xì)節(jié)題，推斷題，歸納大意題等幾類。一篇好的閱讀文章，它的設(shè)題會(huì)將以上幾種類型題都包含進(jìn)去，細(xì)節(jié)題必須從文章中找出依據(jù)，找到后最好用鉛筆畫下來，以便檢查時(shí)再斟酌一下，找的時(shí)候可以通過一些標(biāo)志性詞語進(jìn)行，如數(shù)字、生詞等。推斷題有時(shí)也是細(xì)節(jié)題的衍生，但要求更高，要求我們對該部分甚至全文內(nèi)容有很好的理解，能讀出作者的意圖。而大意則最好快速通讀全文，讀完之后給自己留下什么印象最深，往往這就是中心，而不要去很細(xì)致地閱讀每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)后再做判斷，這樣往往會(huì)被某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)所迷惑。另外，英文的中心一般出現(xiàn)在開頭，而每段的中心

11、則多出現(xiàn)在段中第一句話。最后，希望大家能用平和、放松的心態(tài)去迎接考試，預(yù)祝大家中考成功！【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：每個(gè)短文用時(shí)約2025分鐘，每個(gè)綜合填詞約1015分鐘）書面表達(dá)練習(xí)：（一）仔細(xì)觀察各圖，假設(shè)你是這個(gè)故事中的男孩或者女孩，請用英語寫一篇短文。提示詞語：knock at the door , break his leg , in hospital , taxi , everything , yesterday evening , Jill , Tom （二）你校與加拿大某中學(xué)結(jié)成姐妹學(xué)校，加方?？瘉硇帕私饽阈５恼n外活動(dòng)情況及你們的建議，請你根據(jù)下面表格中提供的內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇80詞

12、左右的短文。文章的開頭已給出（不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）提示詞語：興趣小組interest group；英語角English corner；活動(dòng)activity（n.）活動(dòng)時(shí)間4:505:50 p.m.主要內(nèi)容  1. 體育類（籃球、足球等） 2. 興趣小組（繪畫、歌舞、電腦等）  3. 英語角（周三下午）建議1. 增加課外活動(dòng)時(shí)間2. 減少作業(yè)量Id like to tell you something about the out-of-class activities in our school . （三）仔細(xì)觀察各圖，根據(jù)圖示內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇短文。（四）仔細(xì)觀

13、察各圖，根據(jù)圖示內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇短文。要求：可以適當(dāng)想象增加內(nèi)容，詞數(shù)為6080提示詞語：ambulance n. 救護(hù)車（五）仔細(xì)觀察各圖，用英文以第一人稱的形式寫一篇記敘文，敘述圖中所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。（六）現(xiàn)在學(xué)生進(jìn)網(wǎng)吧上網(wǎng)（get on-line）成風(fēng)，你班班主任在下周班會(huì)時(shí)，將談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)問題。假設(shè)你是班主任，請你根據(jù)表格中提供的內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇80詞左右的講話稿，要點(diǎn)必須齊全。講話稿的開頭已給出。益處1. 學(xué)會(huì)使用現(xiàn)代設(shè)備電腦2. 學(xué)習(xí)更多知識3. 玩游戲、使人更加聰明弊端1. 過于沉迷游戲 2. 網(wǎng)上交友、通信頻繁、學(xué)習(xí)越來越差建議1. 在校學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，不上網(wǎng)2. 暑假、寒假時(shí)可去Boys a

14、nd girls , Good afternoon . Today lets talk about getting on-line . （七）根據(jù)下面四幅圖中的意思，寫一封投訴信。注意：1. 留言的開頭與結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。2. 詞數(shù)：60左右。3. 提示詞：three weeks ago , salesman , give clear pictures and sound , on the screen , complete , not any longer , change March 14th , 2005Dear Sir or Madam :I write the letter

15、to tell you that the TV set I bought in your shop went wrong . （八）書面表達(dá)：請根據(jù)所給圖示內(nèi)容寫一篇短文。注意：1. 詞數(shù)在80到100之內(nèi)。（開頭詞語不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)）2. 完整表達(dá)圖中所有內(nèi)容，條理清晰，意思連貫，語句通順。3. 書寫工整，標(biāo)點(diǎn)使用正確。4. 短文第一句已給出。綜合填詞練習(xí)：（一）Mr. Priestley is a teacher of English . He is not a very young man , b （1） he is not old . He knows three or four l （2

16、） , and speaks and writes them well . He reads many books and writes s （3） .It is a （4） eleven oclock by the study clock , but he works late , sometimes t （5） one oclock in the morning . His big desk is in the m （6） of the room . On the floor near the desk there are a n （7） of books . His students c

17、ome to his s （8） for their lessons . They come every day e （9） Saturday and Sunday . Those days a （10） holidays .（二）You probably know that some English words from French . One interesting thing is that when we talk about meat on the table , we use French words . But when we speak about a （1） , we us

18、e English words . For example , a pig is called pig when it is l （2） but when it is k （3） and its meat is brought to the table , it is called pork . Cattle are called cattle when they are raised in the fields , but at the dinner table , we call the meat b （4） .When the Normans（諾曼底人）ruled（統(tǒng)治）England

19、, the English peasants were ordered（命令）to raise animals for food , b （5） they t （6） could not buy the meat . The meat was s （7） to the Normans tables . The peasants could only eat rabbits（兔）, b （8） rabbit ran all over their fields and rabbits meat was cheap . So the meat of rabbit was not c （9） into

20、 a French word . It was called rabbit by the English peasants of that time and is s （10） called rabbit today . （三）When one asks students the question “ who likes grammar ? ” perhaps f （1） dare to raise their hands . In many w （2） this is understandable , in Britain . Yet , s （3） the study of grammar

21、 is one of the fastest growing areas of research in universities all over the world . E （4） more so is the fact that many students who do not like grammar in school choose g （5） as their subject of study in the university . The rather strange state of affairs n （6） an explanation . On the whole , st

22、udents consider the study of grammar uninteresting , and grammar is p （7） taught in most British middle schools . However , Language , which would be important part of human society . B （8） it is the foundation on which our society builds itself . And it is our ability to use language that makes it

23、possible for us to let o （9） know our thoughts and aims , in other words to communicate . A large part of our ability even to t （10） depends on language . （四）Tears came into this mothers eyes when she talked about waking up her son . Every morning , her 10-year-old boy puts up one finger with his ey

24、es still closed , egging for one m （1） minute to sleep . Why is he so sleepy ? Because , l （2） tens of thousands of student “ early birds ” in China . He has to get up before 6 a. m. every morning . A survey carried out recently in Shanghai s （3） that 90 percent of the 60 students Interviewed do not

25、 get e （4） sleep . Teenagers usually need eight to ten hours a night . And studies show that w （5） a good nights sleep , students seem to be w （6） than they should be . Many become near-sighted as a result . Yuming , a senior student at Tsinghua Sigh School , said he usually goes to bed after 11 p.

26、m. B （7） when he has exams coming up , he can stay up as midnight . This “ night now ! ” lifestyle has caused many student to nod off in c （8） . Yuming said that it is during afternoon classes that he feels most sleepy . Nodding off in class is becoming a common problem . Experts suggest that studen

27、ts develop good s （9） habit . Obeying regular timetable is important to ensure quality sleep . Some wise students never study late , so they are able to concentrate properly in class . These Students believe that weekends are the only time when they dont have to obey the regular timetable . You can

28、arrange your time f （10） for study or for fun . 【試題答案】書面表達(dá)練習(xí)：（一）In the evening , when I was working on the computer , Jill , the girl next door knocked at the door . I opened it and found that Jill looked very worried . “ Whats the matter ? ” I asked .“ Tom , please help me ! Grandpa fell down from

29、a chair and he broke his leg . ” she said . “ Call a taxi right away ! ” I told her . Then I rushed into her house . Her grandpa was lying on the floor . Nobody was in . I had to carry him on my back to the taxi outside . The taxi drove us to the hospital quickly . Jills grandpas leg was fixed in ho

30、spital . She told them everything . The whole family thanked me for what I had done . （二）We usually have our activities from 4:505:50 in the afternoon . We have different kinds of activities . Some students are interested in sports . They play basketball and football . Some students also have some i

31、nterest groups , such as drawing , singing and dancing . And now computer is the most popular . On Wednesday afternoon we go to English corner . We like talking in English there . We hope we can spend more time on such activities and less time on homework . （三）Yesterday Cao Hui was on duty . She tol

32、d Miss Chen that everyone was here except Lin Tao because he was ill at home . As soon as school was over , Miss Chen went to Lin Taos home and wanted to help him . Two hours later , Li Taos mother came back from work . When she opened the door , she found Miss Chen helping her son with his lessons

33、. After a while , Miss Chen told Lin Taos mother that she must go and she would come to see Lin Tao the next day . Lin Taos mother thanked Miss Chen very much . （四）It was snowing hard that morning . The streets were covered with snow . Li Li was going to school carefully . Suddenly she saw an old ma

34、n fall off his bike. She ran to him quickly and hoped to help him to stand up . But she found that he was hurt . She gave a hospital a call at once . Before long an ambulance came and she helped the doctors carry the old man in it . When she got to the classroom , the class had already begun . （五）I

35、have a special interest in football and love playing football very much . Last Thursday I was playing with some of my classmates when it began to rain . We were so interested in it that none of us would stop playing . As a result , we played in the heavy rain . Of course we had a wonderful time that

36、 afternoon . At night that day , I didnt feel quite myself and felt rather cold and hot . Then I had a high fever . Then the next day I had to see a doctor . He gave me some medicine and gave me an injection . As I didnt feel quite myself , I stayed at home for the next two days . Now , I am well ag

37、ain . I can play football again with my classmates . But I wont play in the rain again because it will do much harm to me . （六）Boys and girls , Good afternoon . Today Lets talk about getting on-line . Many students like getting on-line very much . They can learn how to use the modern machinecomputer

38、 . They can learn . some more knowledge . It can make them clever to play different kinds of games . But some students spent too much time in playing games . Some even make friends on line though theyre young . They write too many letters to each other . It takes them too much time . So they do wors

39、e and worse in their lessons . I think they mustnt get on-line when they are studying at school . They can do it in summer or winter holidays . （七）There weeks ago , I went to buy a TV set in your shop . The salesman told me that one of the TV sets could give clear pictures and sound on the screen . So I bought it . I carried the TV set home happily . At fi