狀語從句(教師版)

1、2018高考總復(fù)習(xí)之狀語從句、教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. 學(xué)習(xí)狀語從句的基本用法2. 學(xué)會在具體情境中對連接詞的運用3掌握狀語從句與其他從句的區(qū)別二、教學(xué)重點：狀語從句連接詞的選用三、教學(xué)難點：學(xué)會在做題中總結(jié)如何使用正確的連接詞預(yù)習(xí)案(學(xué)生思考)概念及分類：在復(fù)合句中修飾主句或主句中的某一成分的從句叫狀語從句。狀語從句通常由從屬連詞或起連詞作用的詞組引導(dǎo)，有時甚至不需要連詞直接和主句連接起來。狀語從句根據(jù)它表達的意思不同，可分為時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果 、條件、方式、比較、讓步等九類。時間狀語從句(一)一. when, while禾口 asi,whe nTask 1察下面例句，總結(jié)其用法：1) Whe

2、 n I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sun days.2) When the filmended , the people went back.總結(jié)：when表示點時間時，從句中用 短暫性動詞; 表示段時間時，從句中用用 持續(xù)性動詞。Task 2完成下列句子中：3) We were hav ing a meeti ngwhen some one broke in.4) We were about to set off on our waywhenit suddenly began to rain5) She was on the

3、point of going to shop whe n the teleph onerang . (ring )6) Hardly had I arrived when the train left.7) He had just fini shed(finish ) his home work whe n some one asked himto play basketball.總結(jié)：be doing when _be about to do when _be on the point of doing when ； had justdone when 在以上結(jié)構(gòu)中，whe n的含義是：正當(dāng)

4、時候 (=at thatmome nt)，做為并列連?詞。when只能跟在前一分句之后。Task 3觀察下列句子中 when 的含義：8) It was foolish of you to take a taxiwhen you could easily walk there infive minu tes.9) Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one?10) He walks when he might take a taxi.11) How can you hope for mercy yourselfwhen

5、 you show none總結(jié):在以上句子中 when表示條件，意思接近 在.情況下"如句 8. 9或表示雖然，盡管的含義，相當(dāng)于 although 或since如句 10.11Task 4 拓展：注意wheneve 在句中含義：whenever 是when的強勢語，描述是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動作 .12) I go to the theater whe never I get the cha nce.(每當(dāng)，每次 )13) Come and see me whenever you want to.( 在任何時候)2, whileTask 1觀察例句并總結(jié)用法，并把while的含義寫在

6、后面括號內(nèi)：14 ）We were listeningto the radio while he was readingnewspaper.（在 :時候）15）I like tea while he like coffee：（ 然而）16） Please don 'talk so loud while others are working.（在 :期間 ）17 ） Strike the iron while it is hot.（ 在 :時候）18） While they are my neighbors, I don'know them well.（ 雖然）19） I am

7、fond of Englishwhile he likes maths. （ 然而）總結(jié)：while引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時謂語動詞須為持續(xù)性動詞作謂語,常用_進行時態(tài)，譯為 在.時候如句 14 ,16 , 作為并列連詞，表示_轉(zhuǎn)折，譯成_然而;語氣比but，弱_ _ 。如句15, 19 while有時可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意思是雖然。如句18【提示】雖然during與while意思很相近，但是during是介詞，不能引導(dǎo)從句。例如，20） During the summer holidays , we went swumming every day.21 ） While Joh n was watc

8、h ing TV, his wife was cook ing.時間狀語從句（二）、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1. 學(xué)習(xí)狀語從句的基本用法2. 學(xué)會在具體情境中對連接詞的運用二、學(xué)習(xí)重點：狀語從句連接詞的選用三、學(xué)習(xí)難點：學(xué)會在做題中總結(jié)如何使用正確的連接詞 預(yù)習(xí)案3. asTask 1引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句：觀察例句并總結(jié)用法：1) As time goes on, it' getting warmer and warmer.2) The thief was caught as he was stealing in the supermarket.3) They talked as they walked.

9、總結(jié)：as表示 隨著 as引導(dǎo)時間狀語，譯為當(dāng)時候。相當(dāng)于when，兩者經(jīng)?？梢酝ㄓ?。 as表示 一邊一邊，強調(diào)從句和主句中兩個動作交替進行或同步進行。二.“一就”的表達方式：Task 1 常用連詞： as soon as, once , no sooner than ，hardly(scarecely,barely)when -ly 結(jié)尾的副詞作連詞：immediately, directly, instantly,the the+ n.的結(jié)構(gòu)：the moment, the minute,the instant,secondTask 2觀察例句并總結(jié)用法：4) The moment I h

10、eard the voice, I knew father was coming.5) No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.6) The boy burst into tears immediatelyhe saw his mother.7) Once you see him , you will never forget him.8) The sec ondthe bell rang , the stude nts rushed out of the classroom.總結(jié)：以上連詞引導(dǎo)的從句動作一發(fā)生，主

11、句的動作隨即發(fā)生，常譯為 剛一就注意： 在 no sooner than ;hardly/scarcely/barely when 結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過去 完成時_，從句使用一般過去時（時態(tài)）。此外，當(dāng)把no soone r或hardly 等提到句首時，應(yīng)用_部分倒裝（語序）。9）I had hardly got home when it began to rain.=Hardly had Igot home whe n it bega n to rain .10）Tom had no sooner come here tha n I called you.=No sooner _ had Tom

12、 come here tha n I called you.三特殊連詞Task 1觀察例句并總結(jié)用法：10 ) He left me a good impressionthe first time I met him.11 ) The year my brother joined the army I graduated from the high school.12 ) Every time I see her, she is always busy.13 ) I had waited for 3 hours by the time the train arrived.14 ) I shal

13、l have finished my work by the time you return.總結(jié)：表示時間的名詞或名詞短語也可以引起時間狀語從句，如：_the first/second/last time, next time , every/each timethe day/week/year ,all the time注意：by the time 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為 到時為止，當(dāng)從句為一般過去時，主句要用過去完成時當(dāng)從句為一般現(xiàn)在時，主句要用將來完成時四. till、until和 not untilTask 1觀察例句并總結(jié)用法:15 ) You may stay here unti

14、l the rain stops.16 ) He won 'go to beduntil she returns.17 ) Un til you told me I have no idea of it.18 ) People do not know the value of their healthtill they lose it.19 ) It was not unti l you told me that I had any idea of it.20 ) Not untilyou told me did I have any idea of it.總結(jié)：肯定句主句謂語動詞必須

15、是延續(xù)性動詞，意為某動作一直延續(xù)到某時間點才停止。 否定句：主句謂語動詞必須是_非延續(xù)性動詞，意為某動作直到某時間才開始。 _until 以用于句首，而_till_不可以。 在強調(diào)句型中not un til兩詞在一起不分開； Not un til位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。時間狀語從句(三)、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1. 學(xué)習(xí)狀語從句的基本用法2. 學(xué)會在具體情境中對連接詞的運用3. 掌握狀語從句與其他從句的區(qū)別二、學(xué)習(xí)重點：狀語從句連接詞的選用三、學(xué)習(xí)難點：學(xué)會在做題中總結(jié)如何使用正確的連接詞預(yù)習(xí)案五. before禾口 si nee1 .beforeTask 1觀察例句并總結(jié)用法:1) Look bef

16、ore you leap.2) You must first learn to walk before you try to run.3) He ran off before I could stop him.4) Take it down before you forget it.總結(jié)：before 表示在一段時間之前。如句1,2 ,before從句往往帶有否定的含義。如句3,4Task 2 before構(gòu)成的固定句型，觀察例句并總結(jié)用法：5)It will be a yearbeforeyou leave school.6)It was a long timebefore I got to

17、 sleep aga in.7)It was not longbeforeI realized I was wrong.8)It won 'tbe longbeforehe goes abroad.總結(jié)：It will be +_一段時間_ before （謂語動詞用 一般現(xiàn)在時 ）意為： 多久之后才It won 'be +_ 一段時間 _ before （ 謂語動詞用 一般現(xiàn)在時 ）意為：不久就會 It was +_ 一段時間before（ 謂語動詞用一般過去時 ）意為： 多久之后才 2. si neeTask 1觀察例句子并翻譯成漢語。最后總結(jié)用法：8) I have wr

18、itten home four timessince I came here. 9) She has been working in this factorysince he left school. 10 ) It is three years since the war broke out11) It has three years since I smoked a cigar.總結(jié)：It is/has +一段時間+ since 從句（一般過去時（時態(tài)）， since引導(dǎo)的從句動詞若是 非延續(xù)性動,譯為：自從 已經(jīng)多久了 since引導(dǎo)的從句動詞若是 延續(xù)性動，譯為：不 已經(jīng)多久了狀語從句

19、（四）之地點狀語從句、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1. 學(xué)習(xí)狀語從句的基本用法2. 學(xué)會在具體情境中對連接詞的運用二、學(xué)習(xí)重點：狀語從句連接詞的選用三、學(xué)習(xí)難點：學(xué)會在做題中總結(jié)如何使用正確的連接詞預(yù)習(xí)案Task 1觀察例句并總結(jié)用法：1）Where there is a will, there is a way.2）Wherever you go , you should do your work well.3）Everywhere they went , they were kindly received.4）I found my books where I had left them.總結(jié)： whereve

20、r 在任何 地方，無論哪里 Everywhere每個地方where 在地方，去 地方Task 2 請判斷下列各句中 where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句還是定語從句：5）Go back to the place where you come from.（ 定語從句）6） This is the shop where I bought my bike. （定語從句）7） Go back where you come from.（狀語從句）8） Make a mark where you have any questions.（狀語從句）總結(jié)：你是根據(jù)什么作出判斷的？狀語從句(五)之方式狀語從句、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1.

21、 學(xué)習(xí)狀語從句的基本用法2. 學(xué)會在具體情境中對連接詞的運用3. 掌握狀語從句與其他從句的區(qū)別二、學(xué)習(xí)重點：狀語從句連接詞的選用三、學(xué)習(xí)難點：學(xué)會在做題中總結(jié)如何使用正確的連接詞預(yù)習(xí)案常用引導(dǎo)詞：as, as if/though,特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the way注意：as if或as though引導(dǎo)的從句有時需要用虛擬語氣，從句中可以采用省略形式：Task 1完成下列句子：1) When in Rome, do as the Roman do.2) She behaved as if she were the boss.3) Sometimes we teach our childrenthe w

22、ayour parents have taught us.4) Do as you are told to, or you will be fired.5) The old lady treats the boyas if he were her own son.6) I feel as if I have a fever.7) She stood at the gate, as if she was wait ing for some one.=She stood at the gate, as if wait ing for some one.(省略形式)狀語從句(六)之目的狀語從句目的狀

23、語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有so that , so.that , in order that , for fear that, in case,lestTask 1完成下列句并總結(jié)用法1) They hurriedso that they might not miss the train.2) We will seat son ear the frontthat we can hear more clearly.3) In order thatevery one prese nt might hear her clearly， she raised her voice him.4) Better tak

24、e more clothesin case the weather is cold.5) The boy hid himself beh ind the treefor fear that his father ( should ) see總結(jié)： so that ， so.that ， in order that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，從句中常用一些情態(tài)動詞。for fear that, in case, lest幾個短語引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句都表示萬一，惟恐,含有否定的意義。謂語動詞可以使用should +動詞原形。狀語從句（七）之.原因狀語從句、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1. 學(xué)習(xí)狀語從句的基本用法2. 學(xué)會在具體情境

25、中對連接詞的運用二、學(xué)習(xí)重點：狀語從句連接詞的選用三、學(xué)習(xí)難點：學(xué)會在做題中總結(jié)如何使用正確的連接詞預(yù)習(xí)案Task 1 請用 because, as, since, now （ that ）, Seeing （ that ），Considering that完成下列句子并總結(jié)用法:1) Why were you absent from the meeting?BecauseI was ill.2) As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.3) Now that/Sinceeverybody is here, let' begin ou

26、r class.4) Since you are busy, you don 'have to go.5) Seeing that he ' ill,he is unlikely to come.6) Considering thatthey are just beginners , they are doing quite a good job.總結(jié)：because 表示_必然的因果關(guān)系，譯為： 因為 ，用來回答_why 出的問題； as表示_較為明顯的原因， 譯為： 由于，as引導(dǎo)的從句可以在主句前或者后， since/now that 表示翻譯成;si nce/now t

27、hat引導(dǎo)的從句只能在主句之前 Seeing that， Considering that者E有 鑒于 事實，考慮至U 的意思。Task 2 請用because,for完成下列句子7) lt must have rained last night,for it is wet all over.8) The day breaks , for the birds are singing.(不可用 because，因為鳥叫不是天亮的原因9) He went to bed early, because he was tired.( 直接的理由)總結(jié)：for,為并列連詞，也可表示原因，起補充說明的作用。

28、because表示直接原因。Task 3 在強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)It Is / was.that和關(guān)聯(lián)詞not.but 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句中，宜用because 。10) lt's because he helped you that rm prepared to help him.11) He decided to give up the cha nee of going abroad, notbecause he did notwant to but because his wife was ill.狀語從句(八)之條件狀語、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1. 學(xué)習(xí)狀語從句的基本用法2. 學(xué)會在具體情境中對連接詞的

29、運用二、學(xué)習(xí)重點：狀語從句連接詞的選用三、學(xué)習(xí)難點：學(xué)會在做題中總結(jié)如何使用正確的連接詞預(yù)習(xí)案常用引導(dǎo)詞： if, uni ess once特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as/so long as, providi ng/provided that, suppose that, in casethat, on con diti on thatTask 1 完成下列句子1) We 'l start our projectif the preside nt agrees.2) You will certai nly succeedso long as you keep on tryi ng.3) Prov

30、ided thatthere is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.4) You will fail the examuni ess you study hard.5) You will fail the exam _if_ youdon ' study hard.6) As long asyou don 'lose heart, you will succeed.Task 2 當(dāng)if從句的條件不是真實的或難以實現(xiàn)的條件時，要用 .7) If I knew(know) his address, I would tell

31、( tell) you.8) If you had come(come) here yesterday, you _ would have seen(see) her.9) If it _ _should rain(rain) tomorrow, I _ would stay_(stay) at home.Task 3條件狀語從句中也可以省略例如：10) Come tomorrow if it is possible.= Come tomorrow if possible.11) He has no money. If there is any, he will give you some.=

32、 He has no mon ey. If any, he will give you some.12) We all know that, if it is not carefully dealt with, the situationwill get worse.= We all know that, if not carefully dealt with, the situation will get worse.Task 4在條件狀語從句中時態(tài)問題：主將從現(xiàn) 原則。13) You will find a way if you use ( use)your head.14) D on &

33、#39;leave the room uni ess the teachertells (tell )you to.15) 1 will go(go)there provided it does n'tra in.16) Once you un dersta nd the rules, youwill have (have) no trouble.狀語從句(九)之讓步狀語從句、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)1. 學(xué)習(xí)狀語從句的基本用法2. 學(xué)會在具體情境中對連接詞的運用3. 掌握狀語從句與其他從句的區(qū)別二、學(xué)習(xí)重點：狀語從句連接詞的選用三、學(xué)習(xí)難點：學(xué)會在做題中總結(jié)如何使用正確的連接詞預(yù)習(xí)案常用引導(dǎo)詞 ：e

34、ven if, even though 意為 即使though, although ,(不與 but 連用，可與 yet ,或 still 連用though引導(dǎo)的從句可以倒裝，也可以不倒裝；特殊引導(dǎo)詞 : while ( 多用在正式文體位于句首)，in spite of the fact that,as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，從句中的表語，狀語，形置于句首，需用倒裝語序。no matter -what/who/where/whenever/how/ which意為 無論 引導(dǎo)狀語或名詞性從句。whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whiche

35、ver意為 無論 .只引導(dǎo)狀語從句。注意:no matter how/however +adj./adv.Task 1 完成下列句子。1) Much as I respect him, I can 'agree to his proposal.2) The old man always enjoys swimmingeven though the weather isrough.3) No matter howhard he tried, she could not change her mind.4) He won 'tlistenwhatever you may say.5

36、) He is unhappy, _ though he has a lot of money.6) Althoughit was raining hard, yet they went on play ing football.7) Busy As _ I were, I would goTask 2 漢譯英(as):8) .盡管他是孩子，她卻懂得很多。Kid as she is , she knows a lot .9) 雖然我很喜歡它，但我不會買的，因為它太貴了。Although I like it very much,_I won 'buy it, for it ' t

37、oo expensive.10) .不管他怎樣努力，還是找不到工作。_No matter how hard he tries_ , he couldn 'find a job.11) Whatever you say (= No matter what_), he won 'believe you.12) Wherever (=_ No matter where ) you go, I will go.13 )Whoever (=_ No matter who ) you are , you must obey the rules.狀語從句(十)之結(jié)果狀語從句預(yù)習(xí)案Task 1觀察例句，概括結(jié)構(gòu)：1) Mike is such an honest worker that we all believe him.2) Mike is so honest a worker that we all believe him.3) It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.4) He earned so little money that he couldn 'support his family.總結(jié)：so+ad