定語從句復習講座

1、April.2005Made by Chen HongbinWanshan Middle schoolLearn the following words and phrases: the attributive clause the restrictive clause the non-restrictive clause relative pronouns relative adverbs關系代詞關系代詞: : 1. who指人指人,作主語或賓語作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）作賓語可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person wh

2、o steals things is called a thief.2. whom指人指人, ,作賓語作賓語 ( (作賓語可省略作賓語可省略, ,如介詞提前則不能省如介詞提前則不能省) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.3.當先行詞是當先行詞是those, she ,he ,they等代詞時等代詞時,關係代詞用關係代詞用who. Those who were late for class raise your hands.3. which 指物，指物，作主語或賓語作

3、主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略作賓語可省略, 如介詞提前則不能省如介詞提前則不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder （which） he is using ismade in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrowbooks? that 指人指人/物，作主語或賓語物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）作賓語可省略）A plane is a machin

4、e. It can fly.A plane is a machine that can fly.He is the man. I told you about him.He is the man (that) I told you about. that和和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下但在下列情況下, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.Ive read all the books that are not mine. This i

5、s the first book (that) he has read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1) 先行詞為先行詞為all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代詞時。等不定代詞時。(2)先行詞被先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等等 修飾時。修飾時。(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(4)先行詞被先行詞被the only, the very, the same, t

6、he last修飾時。修飾時。 that和和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但但在下列情況下在下列情況下, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用who,which。 (5) 先行詞是先行詞是who或或who引導的主句。引導的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished. (6) 主句以主句以There be 引導時引導時 There are 200 people that didnt know the thing. (7) 當先行詞在定語從句

7、中作當先行詞在定語從句中作be表語時，關系表語時，關系代詞用代詞用that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago. (8)當先行詞是當先行詞是which時，關系代詞用時，關系代詞用that. Which is the book that you bought last week?He is the man (that) I told you about. 注意：介詞提前時只能用注意：介詞提前時只能用which 而不能用而不能用that 。4. that 指人指人/物，作主語或賓語物，作主語或賓語 (作賓語可省略）作賓語可省略）A plane

8、is a machine that can fly.Is this the library from which you borrow books? from that(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.The scientist we met yesterday is very famous who in the world. whom that(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is ne

9、w. which (3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked with. who whom This is the best film that I have ever seen. that和和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換在指物的情況下一般都可以互換, 但在下列情況下但在下列情況下, 一般用一般用which而不用而不用t

10、hat。 (1) 關系代詞在限制性定語從句中緊跟介詞關系代詞在限制性定語從句中緊跟介詞作賓語（介詞提前）作賓語（介詞提前） Those are many trees under which they can have a rest. (2) 在非限制性定語從句中在非限制性定語從句中 Football , which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句：限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句：My sisterMy sister, who is twenty, works in works in a

11、 bank.a bank.The man The man who came here yesterday has has come e again.限制性定語從句限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關系十分密切，句和主句關系十分密切， 寫時不用逗號分開。寫時不用逗號分開。非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句和主句關系不很密切，只是對先和主句關系不很密切，只是對先行詞作些附加說明，行詞作些附加說明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚

12、。這種從句，這種從句， 寫時往往逗號分開。寫時往往逗號分開。whosewhose 在定語從句中作定語，表示引導詞在定語從句中作定語，表示引導詞與與 whosewhose 后的名詞為所屬關系。后的名詞為所屬關系。 whosewhose多指人，也可指物，指物時可與多指人，也可指物，指物時可與 of whichof which互換使用?；Q使用。This is the book This is the book whosewhose cover is blue. cover is blue.This is the book This is the book of whichof which the

13、cover is blue the cover is blue. .Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?Do you know the girl?Her hair is very short in our class.He is the student.I broke his pencil yesterday.He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday. Step 1導入：導入： who, whom, whose, that, which riddles Un

14、derstanda Chinese player who was born in Shanghai and is playing basketball in NBA now. The first riddle:Yao Ming isThe third riddleA s u d d e n shaking of the earths s u r f a c e which may cause great damage Earthquake isThe fifth riddleA famous director one of whose films is Hero Zhang Yi mou is

15、Aim: To help the Ss be familiar with the Attributive Clause Step 2 Finish the sentencesthis/that girl looks angrytiredhappyI like a girl who/that _. looks happyTomTom is looking after the baby.TomThe baby whom Tom _ _is his brother.His brother is looking after They were standing on a ship.The ship o

16、n which_ _ was Titanic. they were standingStep 3: Conclusion 11. When you are talking about people,use_.who, whom, whose, that, which who, whom, whose or that2. When you are talking about things, use_. that or which Step 1Rewrite the following sentencesPracticeSentence 1 Im a girl . I like surfing t

17、he Internet every day. Im a girl who likes surfing the Internet every day. Im a girl that/ likes surfing the Internet every day.girlwhomwhoseSentence 5 The boy is my classmate. Mike is speaking to him. The boy whom /who/that Mike is speaking to is my classmate. The boy to whom Mike is speaking is my

18、 classmate.boy to Conclusion 2Only_and _can be used before prepositions in the attributive clause.who, whom, whose, that, which Conclusion 2 I lost the pen with which I had written several novels. The boy to whom Mike is speaking is my classmate.Conclusion 2Only_and _can be used before prepositions

19、in the attributive clause.who, whom, whose, that, which whomwhichMy friend is the boy whose T- shirt is black.ExampleUse復習定語從句中的關系副詞復習定語從句中的關系副詞：when, where, whywhen, where, whywhenwhen在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當于在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當于“介詞介詞+ + 關系代詞（關系代詞（whichwhich）”。Ill never forget the day Ill never forget the day whe

20、nwhen I joined the league. I joined the league.on whichwherewhere在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當于在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當于“介詞介詞+ + 關系代詞（關系代詞（whichwhich）”。This is the house This is the house wherewhere I lived two years ago. I lived two years ago.in whichwhywhy在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當于于“介詞介詞for+ for+ 關系代詞（關系代詞（whichwhich）”

21、。Do you know the reason Do you know the reason whywhy she was late. she was late.It rained heavily, for which he was late for the class.* As 和和which 引導非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：引導非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：1.egg. Einstein, as is known, is a famous scientist.2.As is reported, China has become an important country in the world. He didnt come to attend the meeting, as is expected. Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. My son now goes to the school, which I used go to when I was a child.1. Which引導的從句與主句關系較密切，常放在主句之后；而引導的從句與主句關系較密切，常放在主句之后；而as引導從句，可放在引導從句，可放