選修八-重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)句型

1、Book 8 Unit 1 A land of diversityPart 1課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納1. have the disti nctio n of有與眾不同之處2. live on 繼續(xù)存在（生存）3. by mea ns of 用辦法，借助4. in additio n （to） 除之外，加之5. fight aga in st 與作斗爭(zhēng)6. declare war on / upon 對(duì)宣戰(zhàn)7. in the early1800s 在 19 世紀(jì)初8. in and arou nd內(nèi)外，以內(nèi)及周邊9. make a life習(xí)慣新的生活、工作方式等10. by the time 到時(shí)為止

2、11. of one ' s ow屬于自己的12. keep up 沿襲，保持，堅(jiān)持13. back to back 背靠背14. team up with 與合作或一起工作15. mark out 劃線， 標(biāo)出界限16. take in包括洽），吸收（引），理解，了解17. a great / good many 許多18. apply for申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求19. con sist of由組成20. be shaped like 形狀像21. draw a distinction betweenand 把.和區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)22. be on holiday 在休假23. give one &#

3、39; s love /regards to代向某人問(wèn)好24. make comme nts / about /on/ upon sth.對(duì)發(fā)表評(píng)論25. go explori ng 去探險(xiǎn)26. be exhausted筋疲力盡的27. a tourist area旅游區(qū)28. take ferry to 渡船到29. feel like doi ng sth喜歡做某事30. have a good view of 把盡收眼底31. rather tha n 而不是32. grasp the opportunity of 抓住 的機(jī)會(huì)33. a two-way activity一次互動(dòng)的活動(dòng)

4、34. the Immigrati on Service 移民局35. due to 由于，因?yàn)?6. a credit card 信用卡37. further one ' s stu進(jìn)修，深造38. be respon sible for 對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)39. be con troversy over / about對(duì)爭(zhēng)議40. without doubt毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)41. take over 接任，接收42. react to 對(duì)作出反應(yīng)句型：1. However, it is likely that Native America ns were liv ing in Califor nia

5、at least fiftee n thousa nd years ago.然而，可能美洲土著人至少一萬(wàn)五千年前就生活在加利福尼亞。 It is likely that.句型中的It為形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)真正的主語(yǔ)從句。2. It is believed that before long the mix of n ati on alities will be so great that there will be no majorracial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人們相信，過(guò)不

6、了多久，國(guó)籍間相混的程度將非常大，以至于不再有大的種族和文化團(tuán)體，而僅僅是一個(gè)多種種族和文化的混合體。 It is said / believed / thought / supposed / guessed / reported / hoped / expected / con cluded /announced / arranged that后接主語(yǔ)從句構(gòu)成常用句型，it為形式主語(yǔ)。（1）.據(jù)說(shuō)多喝純凈水有益健康.(2) .眾所周知，光的傳播速度比聲音快.(3) .據(jù)報(bào)道一個(gè)人在沒(méi)有水的條件下可以生存70多個(gè)小時(shí).3. ., it was the building of the railw

7、ay from the west to the east coast that_brought even largernumbers to California in the 1860s但是，大批量的移民卻在 19世紀(jì)60年代為了修建貫穿美國(guó) 東西海岸的鐵路而來(lái)加利福尼亞的。 本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，即"It is/ was.that.?！?. It didn ' t occur to me thahere would be a big festival on at the same time as my holiday. 我沒(méi)想 到在我度假的時(shí)候會(huì)有一個(gè)盛大的慶祝活動(dòng)。 sth.

8、occur to sb.(主意或想法等突然)浮現(xiàn)在腦中，某人想起It occurs to sb to do sth.某人突然想起做某事It occurs to sb. that.某人突然想起 辨析：occur, happen, take place, break outBook 8 Unit 2 Clo ningPart 1課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納1. share - with sb與某人分享2. make a copy of 復(fù)制；做一份 的副本3. all the time 始終；一直4. qua ntities of 大量的a qua ntity of5. research on/ into 對(duì)進(jìn)

9、行調(diào)查研究6. un dertake a task 承擔(dān)任務(wù)7. pay offpay backpay forpay dow n償清；得到回報(bào)償還;報(bào)復(fù)支付的費(fèi)用；付錢(qián)購(gòu)買(mǎi) 付現(xiàn)款；即時(shí)支付從被移除 on the other hand8. be removed from9. on the one hand 一方面另一方面10. cast down沮喪；不愉快拓展:cast aside13. have a great impact on 對(duì)產(chǎn)生極大影響14. attain one ' s amb實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的野心15. forbid sb. to do 禁止做.forbid doingfor

10、bid sb. from doing sth.16. end in failure以失敗告終17. compared with/to 與相比較（常放句首作狀語(yǔ)）18. own sb. sth. 欠某人某物把歸因于某人因某事困擾's IhSart刻骨銘心 用做實(shí)驗(yàn)有時(shí)own sth. to sth.19. bother sb. with sth.20. strike into one21. experime nt with22. from time to timecast offcast out23. bring back to life使重生,復(fù)活24. in vain徒勞無(wú)功；枉費(fèi)心

11、機(jī)25. be based on 基于 26. differ from sb / sth和某人/某物不同differ with sb. on / about / over sth.和某人在某事上意見(jiàn)分歧定；有義cast away11. be appropriate to / for 對(duì) 適合12. raise objecti ons 弓 I起反對(duì)object to 反對(duì)；對(duì)表示反感have no objection to不反對(duì); 對(duì)無(wú)異議句型：1. Then came the disturb ing n ews that Dolly had become seriously ill .接著傳來(lái)

12、了多莉病重的壞消息。1) .本句中 news 與 that Dolly had become seriously ill 是同位關(guān)系.2) .本句是一個(gè)倒裝句，當(dāng)表示方位、方式、時(shí)間的副詞或介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)倒裝。27. be bound to,句子要完全2. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. 當(dāng)園藝師從生長(zhǎng)的植物上剪下枝條來(lái)培植新植物時(shí)，克隆就發(fā)生了。 It happenswhen意為 當(dāng)時(shí)這就會(huì)發(fā)生”。e.g. The virus of the fl

13、u is spreadi ng quickly. It happe ns whe n there are in fected cases in a crowd. 流感病毒正在迅速傳播。當(dāng)人群中有感染病例時(shí)就會(huì)發(fā)生。3. Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult toobtain 雖然現(xiàn)在作為克隆研究所需要的人類卵細(xì)胞和胚胎很難獲取，不定式跟在表語(yǔ)形容詞后，且形容詞表示主語(yǔ)的特征，此時(shí)不定式常主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。4. Diversity in a group mean

14、s having animals with their genes arranged in different ways.種群中的多樣性意為著具有以不同方式排列基因的動(dòng)物。 with their genes arranged in different ways 是 “with+賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)"結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作 animal的后置定語(yǔ)。Book 8 Un it 3 Inven tors and inven ti onsPart 1課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納1. decide on sth. 決定做 2. call up 給打電話，使人回憶起 拓展：call forcall oncall inc

15、all back3. in the coun tryside在鄉(xiāng)下4. on the teleph one 通過(guò)電話 5. nowand the n 偶爾，有時(shí)6. get / be rid of 去除 rid -of 除去,擺脫7. distinguish myself by通過(guò) 來(lái)表現(xiàn)自己8. set about doing 開(kāi)始做 set out to do 開(kāi)始做 9. with caution小心謹(jǐn)慎10. bend down彎腰11. in the expectati on that期望12. seize the opportu nity抓住機(jī)會(huì)13. get recog ni t

16、ion for為取得認(rèn)可14. the pate nt office 專利局15. in additio n (to) 另外16. fill in / out the form 填表格17. a matter of 的一件事18. i n comfort舒適句型：19. exchange "- with 把換成20. manage to do 努力做 21. in a mess亂成一團(tuán)22. lead to doi ng導(dǎo)致23. the famous say ing 名言24. beaten track 常規(guī)，慣例25. dive into迅速把收伸入，一心投入26. be wor

17、th doing 值得做 It' worthwhile to do be worthy of doing 27. apply to sb. for sth向 申請(qǐng) .28. at a time 一次29. be aware of 意識(shí)到.30. search for 尋找.31. associate "- with 把和聯(lián)系起來(lái)32. ha ng on = hold on 不掛斷，緊緊握住33. out of order次序顛倒in order 井然有序，處于正常狀態(tài)34. get through打電話設(shè)法聯(lián)系上，做完，通過(guò)35. ring back 回電話ring off掛

18、斷電話它們好像已經(jīng)在這安家了。1. They seemed to have made their home here.句型：sb. seem to doIt seems that / as if / as though 2. There only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes?？磥?lái)只有殺毒蛇的藥粉了。 備注：there seem to be 似乎有，類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有there happened / appeared / used to be3. Only after you have had that recog niti on can

19、 you say that you are truly an inven tor. only +狀語(yǔ)(短語(yǔ)/從句)置于句首句子需要部分倒裝.4. Nor will you receive a pate nt un til a search has bee n made to find out that your product really isdiffere nt from everyone else直到有研究表明你的產(chǎn)品真的與眾不同，你才能得到專利。 nor含有否定意義的副詞 (never / seldom / hardly / few / little)放句首要倒裝5. It was t

20、his exploring around problems and his dynamic spirit that led to his most famous invention.強(qiáng)調(diào)句：It is/ was + 強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容 + that 6. It was not un til five days later that Bell sent his first teleph one message to his assista nt Wats on. it is / was notun tilt是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型Book 8 Un it 4 Pygmalio nPart 1課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納1. be

21、 gifted in= have a gift for 有 天賦2. be ambitious to do sth.立志做 3. be convinced of sth./ that clause 堅(jiān)信 4. set sb. a task安排某人一個(gè)任務(wù)5. pour with rain大雨傾盆6. in all directio ns四面八方7. hide /shelter from rain 避雨8. hesitate to do sth./ hesitate about sth 不想做9. hold up 舉起，使耽擱10. (be) of use to sb. 對(duì)有用11. take/

22、make notes 作筆記19. pass sb. off as 冒充成20. make one ' s acquaintance=make the acquaintance of sb. 結(jié)識(shí) 21. a handful of 一把，少量22. in amazeme nt 震驚23. make a fortu ne 發(fā)財(cái)24. gen erally speak ing般說(shuō)來(lái)25. (be) of a / an / the same / differe nt age(s) / shape(s) / size(s) / colour(s) / kin d(s)屬于的26. apart

23、from = besides / except / except for 除外27.i n terms of就來(lái)說(shuō)，從角度28.deep in con versati on深入交談29.fa ncy on eself自命不凡30.the other day幾天前31. once more再次32.in need of需<33.fade out(聲音,畫(huà)面)漸淡34.show sb. in領(lǐng)，進(jìn)來(lái)12. take / mistake A for B 把 A 誤當(dāng)作 Bbe mistake n about把 弄錯(cuò)13. in disguise 偽裝的14. ha nd over / take

24、 over移交 / 接管15. be classified as 把歸類為16. make a remark on就發(fā)表評(píng)論17. betray on eself顯露出原形18. con demn sb. to sth./ to do sth. 使注定做be condemned to death被判死刑句型：1. What if I was?如果我是又怎樣呢? What if + 一般過(guò)去時(shí)(1)如果他不同意該怎么辦呢？(2)火車要是晚點(diǎn)會(huì)怎么樣呢 ？2. They betray themselves every time they open their mouths.但每次一張嘴說(shuō)話， 他們

25、句原形畢露。 every time +從句，名詞詞組連詞化3. Once taught by me, she' d become an upper class lady. when, while, before, until, if, unless, once, though + V-ing / v-ed,是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略4. While watching , he makes notes.他一邊觀察，一邊做筆記.現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)Book 8 Un it 5 Meeti ng your an cestorsPart 1課文知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納1. have no alter native bu

26、t to do除之外別無(wú)選擇2. show around 領(lǐng)某人參觀3. regardless of/ in spite of 不管;不顧4. scare away 把 嚇跑5. keep out 阻止進(jìn)入6. assume sth 假定assume sb. to be認(rèn)為某人是 assume that + 從句7. cut up 切碎；剪碎；摧毀；粉碎cut away (from sth.)(從某物上)切除、割掉、砍掉、剪去cut dow n（從根基部分）砍倒；縮減；減少cut in （on sth.） 打斷（談話）；插嘴cut off中斷（通話）；切斷-的來(lái)、去路；隔絕8. the fre

27、ez ing win ter寒冷的冬天9. remove from 從 -除去10. an ample amount of. . . . .、r .、八i-大量11. look ahead冋刖看；為將米打算go ahead 先走；催促；表示許可12. keep warm保持溫暖13. preserve sb./ sth.(from sth.) 保護(hù)14. applaud sb./ sth.(for sth.)(因某事)贊賞某人、某事15. arrest sb. for sth因某事逮捕、拘留某人16. as well as 還有；也17. to one ' s relie令某人慶幸的是relieve sb. of sth解除某人的(負(fù)擔(dān)、責(zé)任等)18. divide sth. betwee n/among sb.在某人中分配某物divide - - nito/by分成滁19. at most 最多20. care about 關(guān)心21. be of sig ni fica nee有意義22. have affect ion for喜愛(ài)23. lie in wait (for