初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全：直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全：直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)1. 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)換方法 間接引語(yǔ)語(yǔ)序改為陳述句語(yǔ)序陳述句用 that 引導(dǎo)，口語(yǔ)中常省略 She said，例：“I am going to the cinema. ” She said (that) she was going to the cinema. 一般疑問(wèn)句用if/whether連接，例：“Have you ever travelled by plane?” she asked me. She asked me if / whether I had travelled by plane. 反意疑問(wèn)句用if/w

2、hether連接，例：He asked，“You are a doctor， arent you?” He asked (me) if / whether I was a doctor. 特殊疑問(wèn)句由原疑問(wèn)詞連接(如疑問(wèn)代詞是主語(yǔ)，不要改變語(yǔ)序)，例：He asked, “Who will come to help us?” He asked who would come to help them.She said, “Where have you been， Simon?” She asked Simon where he had been. 選擇疑問(wèn)句由 whetheror 引導(dǎo)，例：Ed

3、die said, “Is this a TV set or a computer?” Eddie asked (me) whether that was a TV set or a computer. 祈使句用“tell /ask /order someone (not) to do something” 結(jié)構(gòu)，將動(dòng)詞原形變?yōu)閯?dòng)詞不定式，例：“Put up your hands，” said the teacher. The teacher told them to put up their hands.“Dont play football on the street，” the poli

4、ceman said. The policeman ordered us not to play football on the street.2. 時(shí)態(tài)的變化如主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上要作相應(yīng)變化：直接引語(yǔ) 間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)(不變)一般將來(lái)時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)3. 指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)的變化 指示代詞this thatthese those 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)now thentoday that daytonight that n

5、ightthis morning(week， month) that morning(week， month )tomorrow the next daynext week(month) the next week(month )yesterday the day beforelast week(month) the week(month) beforethree days(a year ) ago three days(a year ) before 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) here there 動(dòng)詞 come go特別提示：以上變化要根據(jù)說(shuō)話的實(shí)際情況來(lái)定，不要機(jī)械地照搬。假如就在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here 就

6、不必改為there;如果就在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，yesterday，tomorrow 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)也不必改變。直擊考點(diǎn)一、單項(xiàng)填空1. My parents always tell me others late at night. Theyre right. Its not polite.A. call B. not call C. to call D. not to call(06年 福州)【答案】D【解析】從答語(yǔ)“他們說(shuō)得對(duì)，那是不禮貌的”可知，“My parents always tell me”意為“父母常叫我不要在夜里給別人打電話”。動(dòng)詞不定式是not to do，即tell sb. not t

7、o do sth. 。2. This morning my mother asked me .A. why he is not here B. how did my brother do itC. what time is it D. what Judy did over the weekend(06年 長(zhǎng)春)【答案】D【解析】主句動(dòng)詞asked是過(guò)去式，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)用與過(guò)去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)，并用陳述語(yǔ)序，只有選項(xiàng)D符合要求。3. They say there a new bridge across the river in two years.A. will have B. is going to

8、be C. has(06年 武漢)【答案】B【解析】They say句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，又因in two years“兩年之后”，間接引語(yǔ)要用一般將來(lái)時(shí);there be 不可與have一起用，故答案是B。4. Could you tell me ? Glad to help.A. if I have been to the Great Wall B. where did he studyC. how I can get to the station D. whats your name(06年 錦州)【答案】C【解析】根據(jù)間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是陳述句語(yǔ)序，排除B、D選項(xiàng)，A意思不合邏輯。句中could是

9、一種委婉語(yǔ)氣，不要和過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)聯(lián)系在一起。5. The students said they have a picnic together after the big test.A. would love to B. would love C. had love D. had love(06年 呼和浩特)【答案】A【解析】主句中的said是動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，從after the big test可判斷，間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí);to have a picnic together是would love的賓語(yǔ)。6. What did the head teacher say at the meeting?

10、 He said， “We be proud of working hard. We mustnt be lazy. ”A. must B. neednt C. may D. cant(06年 福州)【答案】A【解析】此題是一句直接引語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意“我們應(yīng)該以勤勞為榮，不應(yīng)該懶惰”，選擇A。7. Who can tell me at the meeting?A. what he said B. he said whatC. what did he say D. how he said(06年 徐州)【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)間接引語(yǔ)對(duì)連接詞和語(yǔ)序的要求，排除B、C選項(xiàng);said是及物動(dòng)詞，what作

11、賓語(yǔ)。8. Will you please tell us before you came to our city?A. where do you work B. where did you workC. where you worked(06年 成都)【答案】C【解析】 從句應(yīng)該是用陳述語(yǔ)序。二、根據(jù)要求完成下列各題。1. If you ask someone to help you carry a heavy box， what will you say?(06年 連云港)【答案】Could you give/lend me a hand? 或：Could you help me，please?【解析】因?yàn)檎?qǐng)求別人幫忙，所以說(shuō)話語(yǔ)氣要委婉，使用could要比can更好。2. My brother said he (let) me have the bike as soon as he had cleaned it.(用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(06年 無(wú)錫)【答案】would let/ was going to let【解析】as soon as引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)橹骶涫沁^(guò)去式，所以從句由一般將來(lái)時(shí)改變?yōu)檫^(guò)去