英語必修ⅰ人教新課標(biāo)同步知識(shí)點(diǎn)學(xué)練考--現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來時(shí)

1、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來時(shí)【教法探析】一、 定義現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來，主要用于表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。二、功能常有“意圖”“安排”或“打算”的含義。這種現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)比較生動(dòng)，給人一種期待感。 它常表最近或較近的將來，所用動(dòng)詞多是轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞。 表將來的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)除用于轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞外，亦可用于某些非轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞。能這樣用的動(dòng)詞常用的有：arrive, come, do, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, spend, start, stay, wear, work 等。如：Im leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。Theyre getting

2、married next month. 他們下個(gè)月結(jié)婚。Are you meeting Bill this evening? 你今晚將和比爾見面嗎?三、概述1. come, go, stay, arrive, leave 等詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)經(jīng)常用來表示將來確切的計(jì)劃。be going to結(jié)構(gòu)表示：(1)準(zhǔn)備或打算做某事：Hes going to buy a new car. 他準(zhǔn)備買一輛新車。She is not going to be there tonight. 她今晚不準(zhǔn)備到那里。Is he going to lecture in Englsih or in Chinese?他打算用英語

3、還是用漢語講課？Hes going to be a dentist when he grows up. 他長大了打算當(dāng)牙醫(yī)。What are you going to do when you get your degree?你拿了學(xué)位后打算干什么？(2)即將發(fā)生的事或要發(fā)生的事:Theres going to be a thunderstorm. 雷雨即將與來臨。Its going to be warm tomorrow. 明天天氣會(huì)很暖和。My cousin is going to have a baby. 我表姐要生孩子了。Amy is going to leave soon, isnt

4、she? 艾米不久就要走了，是嗎？Im going to be sick. 我要病倒了。Were all going to die some day. 總有一天我們都會(huì)死的。在這種結(jié)構(gòu)后也可跟go，come這類詞：Where are you going to go during the holiday? 假期你準(zhǔn)備去哪里？Theyre going to come with me. 他們準(zhǔn)備和我一道去【注】在以事物做主語時(shí)多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示按時(shí)間安排的活動(dòng)：The train leaves at 9:30. 火車九點(diǎn)半開。The fashion show starts at 7. 時(shí)裝表演七點(diǎn)開

5、始的。The progarmme begins at 10. 這個(gè)節(jié)目十點(diǎn)開始。以人為主語時(shí)，多用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示計(jì)劃要做的事:Nancy isnt coming to the party. 南希不來參加晚會(huì)了。2.表示交通方式、行程安排的動(dòng)詞，例如 fly，walk, ride, drive, take(a bus, a taxi)等的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也經(jīng)常用于表示將來。如：但偶爾也表示較遠(yuǎn)的將來。如：When I grow up, Im joining the army. 我長大了要參軍。3.表將來的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)含有“決心”的意思，多用在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：Im not going. 我不走了。Im

6、 not waiting any longer. 我不再等了。有時(shí)也用在肯定結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：Im backing out. 我要打退堂鼓了。4.用這種現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與對(duì)方講話時(shí)可變成命令，不過語氣比較溫和。如：You are staying. 你留下吧。Dont forget: you are taking part too. 不要忘記：你也要參加。5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也可在時(shí)間、條件或原因狀語從句中表示將來。如：when you are passing my way, please drop in. 你什么時(shí)候路過我們家，請(qǐng)進(jìn)來坐。（用于時(shí)間狀語從句）If they are not doing it, w

7、hat I am I to do? 如果他們不干，那我該怎么辦？（用于條件狀語從句）She is going to the dentist tomorrow because she is having a tooth filled.6.表示將來的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也可用在間接引語中，表示說話人相信它將是事實(shí)。如：He said he is going tomorrow. 他說他明天走。表將來的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)從屬于將來時(shí)態(tài)。如：On election night well be telling you whats happening in various places in this country.

8、到了選舉的夜晚，我們將把全國各地的情況告訴大家。when I have time, Ill come down to the school to see how youre both doing. 我有空時(shí)，會(huì)來學(xué)?？茨銈儌z的學(xué)習(xí)情況。7. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來時(shí)的區(qū)別例析共同點(diǎn)兩者均可與時(shí)間狀語連用表示已確定的將來安排。如：I leave am leaving the day after tomorrow. 我預(yù)定后天走。The children start are starting school on Monday. 孩子們星期一就要開學(xué)了。不同點(diǎn)（1） 從個(gè)人色彩來看原則上說，

9、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)比現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)具有的個(gè)人色彩更少。比較：Im leaving tonight.（可能指的是我決定要離開）I leave tonight.（可能指的是這是計(jì)劃的一部分，但計(jì)劃不一定是我訂的）（2）從是否正式來看在通常情況下，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)要比現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)聽起來更為正式，比如計(jì)劃開辦一個(gè)新分店的百貨商店很可能說：Our new branch opens next week. 本店新設(shè)分店下周開業(yè)。但不說：Our new branch is opening next week. （3） 從是否簡(jiǎn)潔來看有時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)顯得累贅的地方就用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，例如在談到像旅程安排那樣的一系列預(yù)定的將來的動(dòng)作時(shí)，

10、可以這樣說：We leave at six, arrive in Dublin at ten and take the plane on. 我們6點(diǎn)出發(fā)，10點(diǎn)到達(dá)都柏林，并在乘飛機(jī)而不說：We are leaving at six, arriving in Dublin at ten and taking the plane on.（4）在動(dòng)詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如：I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。 Make sure that the window

11、s are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前，務(wù)必把窗戶關(guān)了?！緦W(xué)法引導(dǎo)】一、考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表即將發(fā)生動(dòng)作的用法考點(diǎn)說明：come，go，leave，arrive，start，fly，drive等嚴(yán)格按照時(shí)間表發(fā)生的表"起、止"的動(dòng)詞可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。I want to know when he _ for New York tomorrow.A. has left B. is leaving C. had left D. has been leaving析：答案為B。分析語境邏輯可知，該空表將來動(dòng)作，因?yàn)閘eave

12、表"出發(fā)"，可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。方法揭秘：分析語境是否表將來動(dòng)作，動(dòng)詞是否表起止。在正式的英語語法里，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)用來表示按計(jì)劃近期內(nèi)即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作例如：We are meeting him after the performance.I'm going to Qingdao for the summer holiday.When is Mr. Manning taking his holiday?用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)的用法還常見于某些時(shí)間狀語分句核條件狀語分句中例如：I'll think about it while you&

13、#39;re writing the report.When you are talking with him, take care not to mention this.注意，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)，在句中或上下文通常有表示將來時(shí)間的狀語或其他依據(jù)，否則意義便含糊不清比較：Are you doing anything special tonight? (表示將來)Are you doing anything special now? （表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）Are you doing anything special? （可作以上兩種解釋，以上下文而定）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)還可表示將來，主要

14、用于表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：Im leaving tomorrow. 我明天走。Theyre getting married next month. 他們下個(gè)月結(jié)婚。Are you meeting Bill this evening? 你今晚將和比爾見面嗎?能這樣用的動(dòng)詞不多，常用的有：arrive, come, do, get, go, have, leave, meet, play, return, see, spend, start, stay, wear, work 等。順便說一句，我們除可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來外，還可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，兩者的區(qū)別是：用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來，其計(jì)

15、劃性較強(qiáng)，并往往暗示一種意圖；而一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來，則其客觀性較強(qiáng)，即通常被視為客觀事實(shí)，多指按時(shí)刻表或規(guī)定要發(fā)生的情況。比較：Im not going out this evening. 今晚我不準(zhǔn)備出去。What time does the train leave? 火車什么時(shí)候開? 火車什么時(shí)候開? 如果主語是train, concert, programme 等表示事物的名詞，動(dòng)詞通常一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，而不用進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：What time does the train leave? 火車什么時(shí)候開?The program begins at 4. 這個(gè)節(jié)目四點(diǎn)開始。二、另外，表示將來的

16、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，還可用以下幾種形式：1. will / shall動(dòng)詞原形I shall be seventeen years old next month.2.be going to動(dòng)詞原形：表示即將發(fā)生的或最近打算進(jìn)行的事。We are going to have a meeting today3.be to動(dòng)詞原形：表示按計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的事或征求對(duì)方意見。Are we to go on with this work?4.be about to動(dòng)詞原形，表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。I was about to go swimming when my guide shouted

17、at me and told me not to do so.我正要去游泳，這時(shí)向?qū)Т舐暯形也灰ァ?. be 動(dòng)詞的ing形式：表示按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的事, 含義是 “預(yù)定要” 這一結(jié)構(gòu)常用趨向動(dòng)詞 go, arrive, come , leave, start, stay , return 和 play , do , have , work, wear, spend , see, meet等 。- When are you going off for your holiday?你什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身去度假?- My plane is taking off at 9:20, so I must be

18、 at the airport by 8:30.我乘坐的飛機(jī)將于9:20分起飛, 所以我必須在8:30之前趕到機(jī)場(chǎng).6.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)按規(guī)定預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的未來動(dòng)作,僅限于動(dòng)詞come, go, leave, move, start, return, arrive, begin, stay等動(dòng)詞.The plane takes off at 10:10. That is , its leaving in ten minutes.用在狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來時(shí)If you do that again, Ill hit you.用在I bet 和I hope后面, 常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來.I

19、 bet you dont get up before ten tomorrow.我敢說你明天不到10點(diǎn)是不會(huì)起床的.7.單純敘述未來的事實(shí)，可以用將來進(jìn)行時(shí)，也可表示按計(jì)劃安排將來要執(zhí)行的動(dòng)作?！灸M練習(xí)】1. The headmaster _ (come) to our party this evening.2. Can you tell me who _ (go) there with you?3. -Why not go to Qingdao together with your parents? Dont you know that they _ (drive) there tomorrow morning? -I planned to, but they said I had to study at present.4. -Why are you still live here? Hasnt the new flat been completed? -No, the walls are being whitewashed. We are _ ( move ) into it next week?5. He _ (lea