祈使句語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)題

1、祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議或勸告的句子。其主語(yǔ)其主語(yǔ)you 常省略，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形,句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，讀降調(diào)。1.肯定的祈使句1 ）動(dòng)詞原形+其他Stand up,please.Pleasestandup.請(qǐng)起立。2）Be+ n./adj.Be a goodboy!子!Be careful!Lookout!Takecare!小心 /當(dāng)心!3）Let+ 賓語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形+ 其它成分Let me help you.讓我來(lái)Lets go to school together.咱們一起上學(xué)去吧。2. 否定的祈使句（ 1） Dont + 動(dòng)詞原形Dont stand up.

2、 別站起來(lái)。Dontbe careless.別粗心。Dont let them play with fire. 別讓他們玩火。（ 2） Let 型的否定式有兩種: “ Dont + let + 賓語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞原形+ 其它成分”和“ Let + 賓語(yǔ)+ not + 動(dòng)詞原形+ 其它成分”。Dont lethimgo./ Let himnotgo.別讓他走。Letthemnotplay withfire. 別讓他們玩火。（ 3） no 開頭 , 用來(lái)表示禁止性的祈使句。No smoking! 禁止吸煙!No fishing! 禁止釣魚!3. 祈使句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助動(dòng)詞Do。例

3、如： Do shut up! 快住口！4. 祈使句的回答祈使句的動(dòng)作通常是表示將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以回答祈使句時(shí)，一般用will 或won t 。在回答具有否定意義的祈使句時(shí)，要注意兩點(diǎn)：1)形式一致（即Yes與will 保持一致；No與won t保持一致）2)意思相反（ 即 Yes 是 “不”的意思；No是“是”）。在回答時(shí)，要注意如：大。分析上下文語(yǔ)境中所提供的條件。Don t go out,please. Itrainingheavilyoutside.請(qǐng)不要出Yes, Iwill.I have tomeetmybrothert the airport.不行，我得去機(jī)場(chǎng)接我弟弟。我得去機(jī)場(chǎng)

4、接我弟弟。5. 祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句(1)定祈使句反意疑句反問(wèn)部分用willyouwontyou 。Please openthe door, will/wont you?請(qǐng)把門打開,好嗎?(2)祈使疑問(wèn)句反問(wèn)部分只用willyou。Dontbelateagain, willyou? 別再遲到了，行不行不行？(3)lets開頭句反意疑句反問(wèn)部分用shallwe。Letsturnonthe TV, shall we?我們把電視打開，好嗎？ 只有以lets 開頭的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句的反問(wèn)部分才用shallwe,而let us開頭的祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句的反問(wèn)部分應(yīng)為will you 或wont you.

5、如：Let usstay here, will/ wont you? 請(qǐng)（你）讓我們留在這好嗎？祈使句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一 . 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(not, be )late.1. It s an important meeting.2. (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping.3. (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _ (be) polite.4. ( not, talk) and (read) aloud.5. (not,leave) your homework for tomo

6、rrow, Larry.6. (look) out! A car is coming.7. (give) us ten years and just see what our countrywill be like.8. (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you (catch) a cold.10. Let s (not, say) anything about it.二、單項(xiàng)選擇1. The TV is too loud. Please.A. turn itdownB. to turn it down C. turn down i

7、tD. to turn down it2. lateagain,Bill!A. Dont to beB. Dont beC. Not beD. Be not3. _ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. NotB.WontC. DoesntD. Dont4. Please help me carry it, ?A. will I B. will youC. shall ID. shall we5. Dont make so much noise, ?A. will you B. wont you C. shall we D

8、. do you6. Do you know the girl under the tree?A. standB. to standC. standingD. stood11.Her doctorsaid:“ _ work so hard”AStopB DontC CantD No12. Sindy, _ tobe here at 8 o clockA is sureB issure thatC will be sureD be surC.D. swimsswam8.9.7. Kate,A. bringA. TellingIve kept10.meB. namedDontyouyour hom

9、ework here tomorrow.B.bringsC. tobringD.bringingthe truth,B. Tothedogknow thator IlltellMaomaoC. namingbeforis goodangry.C.longD.toforourThealth?D.A.A.TellNameswimB. swimmingwhenyou crosstheroad.Do careCareDo becarefulTobecareful14.himthesecret,willyou?15.A DontD NoNottotelltellingin bed

10、.readIt sNot totellNottellingbad foryoureyes.DontreadDonttoead16.Your child.Welllookafterhim.y forA NottoworryaboutB Dontworry aboutC Not worrDontworry withare very tired. Whyhave a rest?Not readA not theyB do not theyC donttheynot to18 -Youlookrathertired.stopping tohave a rest?19Why notD whydontte

11、lllie.A HardlyAll right.B How aboutC Why not toNotNoNeverlookoutside.Lookatthe blackboard.A notdon tC arenD can t1.句）Will you please read it again more slowly? again more slowly,(改please.為祈使2.句）If youdontlistento me, Illme,go.or I ll(go.改為同義3.句）LetswatchLetsthe sports games.watch the sports(games,改為

12、反意?疑問(wèn)4. The teachers祈使句)oftentell the studentscareless, please.not tobe careless.（改為5.句）Pleasesit next toNancy.(next to Nancy.改為否定6.句）DontDontforgetforgetto turn off theto turn off thelights,lights,please.（改為反_?意疑問(wèn)7.If youmove,youlldie.（改_為同義三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換句）or youlldie.8.Come to my house tomorrow.改為反句）Come

13、to my housetomorrow,9.這是一個(gè)壞了的被子。This is a10.讓我們?nèi)蛶湍莻€(gè)哭泣的女孩吧。翻譯句子）Let四、1.go and help the將下列漢語(yǔ)翻譯成英語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)照看好您的包。2.讓我們?nèi)W(xué)校吧!3.親愛的 , 高興點(diǎn)兒!4.不要把書放這兒。please.5.來(lái)。參考答案一、填空題t be2. Dontt make3. Dontt speakbe 4. Donttalkread5. Dont leave6. Look 7. Give8. Dont let9. catch10. not _say 二、單選題1-5. ABDBA6-10. CADBB11-15 BADAD16-20 BDADB 三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Read it2. Listen to3. shall we4.Dontbe5.Dontsit6. w