地質(zhì)學(xué)專業(yè)術(shù)語翻譯

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上凹坑pool，chute白堊chalk白云化灰?guī)rdolomitized limestone白云母muscovite白云石dolomite白云巖dolostone, dolomitite斑點構(gòu)造mottled structure斑礁patch reef斑晶porphyrotope斑脫巖bentonite搬運(yùn)作用transportation板狀晶體laths半深海helmipelagic半自形晶subhedral棒形蛀木蟲跡teredolites clavatus包卷層理convolute lamination包卷構(gòu)造comvolute structure堡礁(障壁礁)

2、barrier reef抱球蟲軟泥globigerina ooze比擬試驗?zāi)Ｊ絪caled experimental model碧玉jasper邊灘point bar辮狀河braided channel標(biāo)志層key bed標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差standard deviation表面結(jié)構(gòu)surface texture表皮鮞superficial Oolits表棲動物epifauna表生成巖作用epidiagenesis表生作用epigenesis表土regolith濱湖亞相l(xiāng)ake-shore濱面shoreface濱線shoreline冰雹痕hail impression冰川glacier冰-海沉積物gla

3、cier-marine sediment1/21冰川相glacial facies冰磧物till冰磧巖tillite冰水沉積outwash波長wave length波高wave height波痕ripple波狀層理wavy bedding剝離線理parting lineation不等粒inequigranular不整合unconformity槽痕flute槽模flute casts側(cè)向沉積作用lateral sedimentation側(cè)向加積lateral accretion測井沉積學(xué)well-logging sedimentology測井相electrofacies層bed層間流interf

4、low層孔蟲stromatoporoid層理stratification，bedding，lamination層流laminar flow層內(nèi)溶解作用intrastratal solution層系set層系組coset層序地層學(xué)sequence stratigraphy次長石凈砂巖subarkose次生孔隙secondary porosity次巖屑凈砂巖sublitharenite長石feldspar長石砂巖feldspar sandstone長石凈砂巖arkose長石凈砂巖類arkosic arenite長石雜砂巖feldspathic greywacke長石雜砂巖類arkosic grey

5、wacke潮道tidal channel潮間帶intertidal潮控三角洲tidal-dominated delta2/21潮坪tidal flat潮上帶supratidal潮汐層理tidal- bedding潮汐流ebb current潮汐三角洲tidal delta潮下帶subtidal zone沉積分異作用sedimentary differentiation沉積構(gòu)造sedimentary structure沉積后作用postdeposition沉積環(huán)境depositional environment沉積模式sedimentary model沉積盆地sedimentary basin沉

6、積鐵礦sedimentary iron ores沉積物sediment沉積物重力流sediment gravity flow沉積相sedimentary（depositional）facies沉積學(xué)sedimentology沉積巖sedimentary rocks沉積巖石學(xué)sedimentary petrology沉積作用sedimentation，deposition成分成熟度compositional matuarity成巖作用diagenesis赤鐵礦hematite沖積平原alluvial plain沖積扇alluvial fan沖裂a(bǔ)vulsion沖流swash沖流回流帶zone o

7、f swash and backwash沖刷痕scour mark沖洗交錯層理swash bedding沖溢扇washover fan儲層reservoir儲油窗oilwindows床沙bed床沙形體bed form床沙載荷bed load吹程fetch垂向沉積作用vertical accretion3/21叢藻跡chondrites粗礫cobble粗枝藻門dasyclads大潮spring tide大陸架continental shelf大陸隆continental rise大陸坡continental slope大洋盆地basin帶穴跡taenidium帶狀跡teanidium袋狀鉆孔跡r

8、ogerella單杯跡monocraterion單成份礫巖oligomictic conglomerate島(弧)-海(溝)體系arc-trench system島弧island arc等深流contour current等深積巖contourite等趾跡isopodichnus等足跡isopodichnus低鎂方解石low-magnesian calcite低彎度河道low-sinuosity channel低位體系域low-stand systems tract堤岸bank底痕sole mark底積層bottomset底模solecast底棲生物benthos底載河道bedload cha

9、nnel地層strata地層傾斜錄井dipmeter log地層水formation water地球化學(xué)geochemistry地球物理geophysics地震地層學(xué)seismic stratigraphy地震勘探seismic exploration遞變層graded layer遞變懸浮作用graded suspension4/21典型濁積巖clastic turbidite電測井electric log疊層石stromatolite疊瓦狀排列imbricate arrangement頂積層topsets動態(tài)模式dynamic model動藻跡zoophycus豆粒pisolite段memb

10、er對稱波痕symmetrical ripple鮞粒oolite二葉石跡cruziana反遞變層理reverse grading反沙丘層理antidune bedding反向遞變的inversely graded泛濫盆地flood basin泛濫平原flood plain方沸石Analcime方解石calcite放射蟲Radiolarians放射性測井radioactivity log非補(bǔ)償（饑餓）沉積starved basin非顯晶質(zhì)的aphanitic沸石zeolite分流河道distributary channel分流河口砂壩distributary-mouth bar分流間灣inter

11、distributary分選系數(shù)So分選作用sorting粉砂silt粉砂巖siltite,siltstone粉砂頁巖silt shale球粒pellet風(fēng)暴大潮storm surge風(fēng)成eolian風(fēng)成波痕eolian ripple,wind ripple風(fēng)成交錯層理aeolian cross bedding風(fēng)成巖eolianite5/21風(fēng)化作用weathering風(fēng)生流wind-drift current風(fēng)蝕deflation峰度curtosis縫合線stylolite弗勞德數(shù)Froude number浮游生物plankton腐泥sapropel負(fù)載（荷）構(gòu)造load structure

12、復(fù)成分礫巖polymictic conglomerate復(fù)理石flysch鈣結(jié)層caliche干酪根kerogen干鹽湖playa高嶺石kaolinite高彎度河道high-sinuosity channel高位體系域high-stand systems tract根珊瑚跡rhizocoralliun耕作跡agrichnia溝模groove casts溝蠕形跡taphrhelminthopsis古拉跡paleohelcura古生態(tài)學(xué)paleoecology古生物paleontological古水流標(biāo)志paleocurrent indicator古土壤paleosols古網(wǎng)跡palaeodict

13、yon古斜坡paleoslope骨架巖framestone固著底棲生物sessile benthos光合作用photosynthesis硅鎂層sima硅土，二氧化硅silica硅質(zhì)silic-硅質(zhì)碎屑siliciclastic國際沉積學(xué)家學(xué)會IAS(International Association of Sedimentologists)文檔來自于網(wǎng)絡(luò)搜索海(湖)泛面flooding surface6/21海(湖)灘beach海岸帶coastal zone海底扇submarine fan海底峽谷submarine canyon海溝trench海進(jìn)體系域transgressive system

14、s tract海浪sea wave海綠石glauconite海平面變化sea-level changes海平面升降eustasy海侵transgression海侵層序transgressive sequence海生跡thalassinoides海灘marine beach海灘脊ridge of a beach海相三角洲marine delta海洋ocean旱谷arroyo, wadi河床（道）channel河床滯留lag河底滯留沉積channel floor lag河控三角洲fluvial delta河口灣estuary河流相fluvial河漫overbank核形石oncilite褐鐵礦lim

15、onite黑色頁巖black shale黑云母biotite紅藻植物門rhodophyta后濱backshore后成作用katagenesis,anadiagenesis弧間盆地interarc basin弧內(nèi)盆地intra-arc basin弧前盆地forearc basin湖lake湖泊環(huán)境lacustrine environment湖泊相l(xiāng)acustrine7/21湖面波動seiche湖沼學(xué)limnology滑動痕slide mark滑塌構(gòu)造slump structure滑塌巖slumps還原硫酸鹽細(xì)菌desulfouibrio,desulfomaculmi還原作用reduction環(huán)境

16、沉積學(xué)environmental sedimentology環(huán)線跡spirorhaphe黃鐵礦pyrite黃土loess灰泥micrite灰泥巖mudstone灰質(zhì)白云巖calcareous dolostone回流backflow，backwash混雜沉積巖diamicton混雜堆積物mlange混載荷流mixed-load channel火山彈bomb火山灰ash火山灰流ash flow火山角礫巖volcanic breccia火山塊block火山泥石流lahar火山碎屑pyroclastic debris，tephra火山碎屑流pyroclastic flow火山碎屑巖pyroclasti

17、c rock火焰構(gòu)造flame structure雞籠狀的chickenwire集合粒aggregate集塊巖agglomerate加積accretion加積作用aggradation假亮晶pseudospar尖峰度的jeptokurtic剪切shearing交錯層cross beds交錯層理cross bedding; cross stratification8/21交錯紋crossed-lamellar交錯紋層cross laminae膠結(jié)物cement膠結(jié)作用cementation膠磷礦collophane礁reef礁核reef core礁后相backreef facies礁麓堆積ree

18、ftalus礁前相forereef facies礁相reef facies角度不整合angular unconformity角礫巖breccias節(jié)藻跡phycodes結(jié)晶碳酸鹽巖crystalline carbonate界面bounding surfaces金藻門chrysophyta津（波）浪tsunami近濱nearshore進(jìn)潮口tidal inlet進(jìn)積作用progradation進(jìn)食構(gòu)造feeding structures進(jìn)食跡fodinichnia晶面crystal face晶體crystal井形穴shafts凈砂巖arenite靜態(tài)模式static model居住構(gòu)造dwell

19、ing structure居住跡domichnia居住潛穴dwelling burrows巨畫跡megagrapton巨礫boulder決口扇crevasse，crevasse splay均勻懸浮uniform suspension顆粒grain，particle顆粒流grain flow顆粒巖grainstone9/21顆粒支撐的particle -supported，grain-supported可劈性fissility可容空間accommodation space克拉通craton孔隙（度）pore，porosity塊狀層理massive bedding塊狀砂巖massive sands

20、tone浪成波痕wave-generated ripple浪成沙紋層理wave- ripple bedding浪基面wave base浪控三角洲wave-dominated delta雷諾數(shù)Reynolds number-Re類沙蠶跡nereites累積頻率曲線cumulative-frequency curve離岸（裂）流rip current犁溝跡aulichnites麗線跡cosmorhaphe礫gravel礫漠reg礫屑灰?guī)rcalcirudite礫屑巖rudite礫巖conglomerate粒度grain size粒度概率圖probability plot粒度中值Md粒間孔隙度inte

21、rgranular porosity粒屑灰?guī)rgrainstone粒序?qū)永韌raded bedding亮晶sparite亮晶方解石sparry calcite亮晶灰?guī)rsparite亮煤clarain裂隙fracture臨濱shoreface磷灰?guī)rphosphorite磷酸鹽巖phosphate rock菱鐵礦siderite流動體制flow regimes10/21流痕rill impression流態(tài)flow regime流體化作用fluidization硫酸鹽sulphate漏斗形funnel shape陸表海epicontinental sea陸架邊緣體系域shelf margin sys

22、tems tract陸相terrestrial陸緣海marginal sea陸源碎屑巖terrigenous clastic rocks陸表海epeiric sea綠泥巖chlorite綠藻門chlorophyta,卵石質(zhì)砂巖pebbly sandstone螺管跡gyrolithes洛倫茨跡corenzinia脈狀層理flaser bedding漫流sheet flow漫游跡planoliies煤coal煤化作用coalification錳質(zhì)巖manganess rock覓食跡pascichnia覓食拖跡grazing trails密度底流density underflow密度流density

23、 current密度躍層pycnocline磨拉石molasses母巖source rock, parent rock母巖區(qū)provenance，source area內(nèi)成巖endogenetic內(nèi)棲動物infauna內(nèi)碎屑intraclast鈉長石albite鈉長石化albitization能量帶energy belt泥mud泥板巖argillite11/21泥晶micrite泥晶套micrite envelope泥?；?guī)r（泥質(zhì)顆粒巖）packstone泥裂mud crack泥流mud flow泥石流debris flow泥質(zhì)巖mudrock泥頁巖argillutite泥支撐的mud sup

24、ported泥質(zhì)的argil擬蠕形跡helminthopsis逆行沙波regressive sand wave逆行沙丘antidune年代地層單位chronostratigraphic unit鳥眼構(gòu)造birds-eyes structure鳥足狀三角洲bird-foot delta凝灰?guī)rtuff凝聚顆粒aggregate grains凝塊灰?guī)rthrombolite牛頓流體Newtonian fluid牛軛湖ox-bow lake爬跡repichnia爬升沙紋層理climbing ripple bedding爬行crawling拍岸浪surf盤旋蟲科spirillinidae螃蟹跡psilon

25、ichnus跑動running泡沫痕foam impression盆內(nèi)巖intrabasinal rock盆外巖石extrabasinal rock片流sheetwash偏度Sk1，skewness漂礫erratic平均粒徑Mz平均值mean平行層理parallel bedding平直河straight channel12/21破浪breaker破浪帶breaker zone葡萄石grapestones氣候帶climate belts牽引作用 traction牽引流tractive current牽引毯狀沉積traction carpet前濱foreshore前積層foresets前三角洲沉積

26、prodelta deposit淺海區(qū)neritic province淺灘shoal墻形跡teichichus丘狀交錯層理hummocky cross bedding球度sphericity球粒pellet，pellet peloids球狀粒peloid曲帶跡curuolithus曲流meander曲流裁直neck cutoff曲流河meandering river取心鉆井core drilling全球海平面變化eustatic change of sea level缺氧事件anoxic event群group群體生物colony(organisms)熱云nuee ardente熱云巖igni

27、mbrite溶解載荷solutional load熔結(jié)凝灰?guī)rignimbrite蠕形跡helminthoida軟流圈asthenosphere軟泥ooze弱光帶disphotic zone薩布哈（鹽沼）sabkha三角洲delta三角洲平原delta plain三角洲前緣delta front13/21三聯(lián)點triple junction掃毛蟲sabellarians沙壩bar沙波sand wave沙流sand flow沙漠desert沙漠相desert facies沙丘dune沙蜀跡arenicolites沙體Sand body沙紋ripples沙嘴spit砂sand砂火山sand volc

28、anoes砂流sand flow砂屑detritus砂屑灰?guī)rcalcarenite砂巖sandstone砂枕構(gòu)造pillow structure篩狀沉積sieve deposition山鹿沖積平原bajada山麓piedmont珊瑚coral扇礫巖fanglomerate扇三角洲fan delta扇狀三角洲fan-like delta舌菌跡glossiofunhites蛇形跡ophiomorpha深海pelagic, deep sea深海帶abyssal zone深海溝deep-sea trench/2114深海平原abyssal深海扇deep-sea fan深泓線thalweg深水bathy

29、metric深水盆地bathymetric basin滲透率permeability生長構(gòu)造growth structure生物層biostrome生物帶biozone生物地層學(xué)biostratigraphy生物灰?guī)rbiolithite生物礁reef生物顆粒bioclast生物亮晶灰?guī)rbiosparite生物內(nèi)碎屑bioclastic生物泥晶灰?guī)rbiomicrite生物丘bioherm生物擾動作用bioturbation生物遺跡化石trace fossil石膏gypsum石化作用lithification石灰?guī)rlimestone石漠hamada石英quarts石英砂巖quartz sandst

30、one，silicarenita石英凈砂巖quartzarenite石英雜砂巖quartzwack石針跡skolithos石枝藻litho-thammium始成巖作用eodiagenesis示頂?shù)讟?biāo)志geopetal criterion事實模式actual model數(shù)學(xué)模式mathematical model刷模brush casts雙杯跡diplocraterion雙形跡dimorphichus雙趾跡diplichifes水道channel15/21水流current，aqueous flow水流痕current mark水流上涌upwelling水流線理current lineation

31、水平層理horizontal bedding水體分層stratification of the water column水下泥石流subaqueous debis flow水下巖崩subaqueous rockfall水懸浮作用aqueous suspension斯科陽跡scoyenia似海生跡thalassinoides似海星跡asteriacites似蠕形跡helminthopsis似藻跡phycodes碎屑顆粒detrital particle燧石flint，chert他生沉積物allochthonous sediments它形晶anhedral塌積角礫巖collapse braccia

32、塔斯曼跡tasmanadia臺地platform苔蘚蟲fenestrate bryozoans灘bank灘脊beach ridge碳酸鹽carbonate碳酸鹽巖carbonate rock, carbonatite碳酸鹽巖補(bǔ)償深度carbonate compensation depth碳酸鹽巖?。ń。ヽarbonate buildup逃逸構(gòu)造escape structure逃逸跡fugichnia體系域systems tract天然堤levee，natural levee填集作用packing跳模bounce casts跳躍作用saltation鐵巖ironstone鐵質(zhì)巖ferrugin

33、ous rock停息跡cubchnia16/21同沉積滑塌構(gòu)造syndepositinal slump structure同生白云巖syngenetic dolostone同生作用syngenesis透光帶photic zone透鏡狀層理lenticular bedding湍流turbulent flow團(tuán)塊lumps退覆層序offlap sequence洼狀交錯層理swaley cross bedding外成巖exogenetic rock外來巖塊exotic block外生沉積物exogentic sediments彎曲錨形跡ancorichnus coronus晚成巖作用telodiag

34、enesis網(wǎng)狀（交織）河流anastomosing stream，anastomosed river微亮晶microspar微斜長石microcline胃形鉆孔跡gastrochaenolites溫躍層thermoclime紋層laminae，lamination紋層狀的laminated紋理lamination紋泥,季節(jié)泥varve雯石（霰石）aragonite紊流turbulent flow無光帶aphotic zone無粘結(jié)性顆粒cohesionless particle物源區(qū)provenance矽藻diatom細(xì)礫granule線管跡tigllites相facies相變facies

35、change相標(biāo)志facies mark相對海平面relative sea-level相序facies sequence（succession）向上變粗coarsening-upward向上變淺shoaling-upward，shallowing-upward17/21小潮neap tide小間斷diastem斜坡地形clinoform泄水構(gòu)造water-escape structure瀉湖lagoon新生變形作用neomorphism新月形沙丘barchan dune信風(fēng)trade winds星瓣跡asterosoma休息跡resting traces懸?。ㄒ疲┴?fù)載suspended loa

36、d選擇交代作用selective replacement壓扁層理flaser bedding壓刻痕toll mark壓溶作用pressure solution壓實作用compaction鹽水楔saltwater wedge巖石地層單位lithostratigraphic unit巖石地層學(xué)lithostratigraphy巖石圈lithosphere巖石學(xué)petrology巖相l(xiāng)ithofacies巖相古地理lithofacies paleogeography巖屑rock fragment，lithic巖屑砂巖lithic sandstone，rock fragment sandstone巖屑凈砂巖litharenite巖屑雜砂巖lithic greywacke巖屑質(zhì)長石凈砂巖lithic arkose巖性lithological沿岸流longshore current沿岸沙壩longshore bar鹽度salinity鹽湖salt lakes鹽堿灘salina氧化作用oxidation頁巖shale液化liguefaction液化沉積物流fluidized sediment flow18/21液化作用liquefaction伊利石illite遺跡化石ichnofossi