聽力對話場景及詞匯(全面版)資料

1、聽力對話場景及詞匯（全面版）資料聽力對話的場景及相關詞匯歸納聽力對話部分都是一個個場景，即生活中的某個片斷。在毫無準備的情況下，讓考生去判斷對話兩人短短幾句話的內容，無疑是很難的。所以我們應對聽力對話的一個首要辦法就是在頭腦中“預存” 一些考試常用的場景，看到或聽到幾個 關鍵詞就能迅速反應出可能是屬于哪個場景的，這樣理解其對話內容來就容易多了。四級聽力對話的場景總結出來基本上有三類：學校生活（最多），公共場合，日常生活如：學習選課場景、打工場景、天氣場景、看病場景、圖書館場景、論文場景、租房場景、 出行場景、餐館場景、減肥場景、丟東西撿東西場景、電腦場景、度假場景、選校場景等等。場景詞匯的 概

2、念：某個場景所經常使用或專門使用的詞匯。我們一聽到或看到這些詞匯馬上就能與特定場景聯(lián)系起來，從而迅速進入狀態(tài)，更好的理解對話內容。甚至有時可以從選項中的場景詞匯推斷對話的場景，可能談到的內容方向，以及可能問什們問題。對場景詞匯的掌握應到什么程度：聽力對話中的詞匯都是比較簡單的，因此最起碼應該全部認知。在此基礎上，應該對這些詞的發(fā)音十分熟悉，做到一聽到馬上能做出反應。所以 對這部分詞匯的要求要比詞匯題、閱讀題的高，要會讀會聽。1. 學校場景：新生入學報到場景、課程設置及規(guī)定介紹場景、家庭作業(yè)分析場景、 課堂演示場景，師生咨詢場景，評論老師選課：course 課程 take courses 選課

3、required courses/ compulsory courses 必修課 elective courses/ optional courses 選修課 specialized course 專業(yè)課 basic course 基礎課 credit學分 major 專業(yè)關于學科的單詞literature 文學linguistics 語言學marketi ng 市場營銷math/mathematics數(shù)psychology心理學finance金融學學engineering 工程學accounting 會計學philosophy 哲學architecture 建筑學banking銀行學hist

4、ory 歷史bus in ess 商務biochemistry生物化學art藝術law法學sociology社會學economics經濟學例句：1）I'm thinking of five courses n ext semester.Wouldn 'four be wiser?2）You took an optional course this semester, didn' t you?講課、聽課、聽講座、評論老師：attend a lecture 上課miss a class缺課（可能會涉及到生病看病場景）cut a class/ play a truant 曠課

5、lecture 演講handout上課老師發(fā)的印刷品，閱讀材料class list學生名單catch sb'swords聽清某人的話（可能涉及到同意不同意他的觀點的討論） follow sb能跟上某人的思路，能聽懂某人的話con fused迷惑的，不懂的confusing讓人摸不著頭腦的schedule=school timetable 課程表例句：1)2)3)She becomes nervous when it comes to learning mathematics.Do you mind if I borrow your notes?clock.I can ' t l

6、eave now. I have an appointment with my professor at three o4) Weren ' t you nervous when the professor called on you in the class?I ' d say I was shaking all over.5) My teacher thinks I ' m making progress.6) I find the lessons well worth the time and trouble.7) I ' d better read on

7、e of the articles froour political science class.8) Would you like have a copy of professor Smith ' s article?Thanks, if it ' s not too much trouble.9) It seems like the more the professor talks, the less I understand.10) The topic was interesting, but the lecture was much more difficult to

8、follow than I had expected.11) Why don ' t you come in office hours?12) Professor White ' s presentation seemed to go on forever. I was barely able to stay awake. How could you sleep through it? It was one of the best that I have ever heard on this topic. It ' s very important to the mis

9、sion we are going to carry out.作業(yè)a書面作業(yè)(論文，報告)assignment/homework 作業(yè) project 研究課題 (直接理解為“作業(yè)”即可) paper/thesis/article 論文 term paper 學期論文 essay 短論文，文章 survey 調查 investigation 調查 research 研究， 查詢資料， 可能會涉及到 library 圖書館場景 report 報告 deadline 最后期限 meet the deadline 按時完成 rewrite 重寫，改寫 revise 修訂，修改寫論文的步驟及可能出現(xiàn)的

10、情況：第一步，選題 topic ，選題難，范圍廣。 第二步，查詢資料 research,圖書館場景。第三步，打出論文。 typewriter打字機，computer 計算機， printer 打印機， laser printer 激光打印機， laptop 筆記本電腦。論文沒打完， typewriter/computer 壞了 break down ,或者 typewriter 需要新的色帶 ribbon 或者 printer 沒墨 ink 了。b. presentation 口頭演講,口頭報告 , 針對某一專題進行的發(fā)言：同義詞： report, speech, address。考點： I.

11、 著裝正式 formal clothes (考試中另一個考到著裝正式的考點是 interview 面試)穿便裝 wear casual clothes (sportswear, sports suit, jeans, jacket)II. 演講人的內心感受： nervous 緊張的 calm 平靜的,鎮(zhèn)定的 cool 冷靜的c. reading assignment 閱讀作業(yè)：文科學生 reading list 讀書清單。抱怨需要讀的書多。professor 教授teaching assistant 助教 TAassociate professor 副教授dea n 系主任tutor 導師pr

12、esident 大學校長lecturer 講師faculty/teaching staff教職員工的總稱例句 :2)If I were you though, I ' rdewrite the1) Tom looks awfully nervous, doesn' tlahset?two paragraphs to make it better.I'mafraid he'snot used to making 3)But you have to revise some parts of it,speeches.I'm afraid, if you wan

13、t to get it published.4) How are you getting on with you essay,laboratory/lab 實驗室Mary? I 'hmaving a real hard time with mine.after-school activities 課外活動After two sleepless nights, I' m finally student union 學生會through with it.society 學生社團校園生活：club 學生俱樂部campus 校園 on campus 在學校 tuition/tuitio

14、n fee 學費 canteen 餐廳 dining hall 食堂 cafeteria 自助小餐廳 accommodation 住宿 dorm/dormitory 宿舍 dormmate / roommate 同宿舍的人 boarder 住宿生 commuter 走讀生 apple pie 蘋果派(好吃) 在考題中形容 apple pie 好吃的句子舉例如下：parking lot 停車場parking regulations 停車規(guī)定 shopping mall 購物中心 teaching building 教學樓 /教室樓 lecture theatre 大教室 /階梯教室 admini

15、strating office/admin office 行政辦公 室(1) Even my mother's can't match this.(2) I took the last one, and it was out of the world.(3) You wouldn't have to force me to take another helping.(5) 考試、畢業(yè)： semester/term 學期 examination/exam/test 考試 midterm ( examination ) 期中考試 final examination 期末考試

16、 quiz 小測驗 open-book exam 開卷考 pop test 抽考 oral/written exam 口試 / 筆試 review 復習 go over one's note 復習筆記 stay up 熬夜 bring sb. up to date 幫某人趕上功課 Bachelor s'degree 學士學位 Master s'degree 碩士學位Doctor S degree博士學位(PhD)diploma=graduation certificate 畢業(yè)證書 例句：draw near/approach (考試)臨近school record 成績

17、單pass/ fail/ make up an exam 通過 /未通過考 試/補考mark/score/grade 分數(shù) ，成績full marks 滿分scholarship/ fellowship 獎學金 department 系，部graduate school 研究生院undergraduate 本科生(在校大學生) postgraduate/graduate student 研究生degree 學位graduation ceremony=commencement 畢業(yè)典 禮 drop out (of school) 輟學 quit school 退學 expel sb from s

18、chool 開除1) I am worried about those classes I missed when I was sick.2) I ' ll try to bring you up-to-date on what I ' ve done.3) I heard you 've got full marks tihne math exam. Congratulations.4) I failed in the physics exam again in spite of all the efforts I made.5) Should he do that

19、when the final exam is drawing near?(6) 打工、找工作場景a. 搜集工作信息，來源如下：classified ad分類廣告 help and wan ted section供求關系版bulletin board 公告板 flier 傳單b. 打確認工作是否還有空缺vaca ncy, positi on available申請某個公司或職位 apply for/to fill in/ fill out/ fill up application form 填寫申請表 application letter 申請信公司招聘雇員 recruit employeesc

20、. 準備工作簡歷 resumed. 面試in terview :需攜帶證書 certificates ;需出示身份證明ide ntificatio n ;判斷你是否具有qualification ；出示推薦信 reference letter自己能勝任 fit for/ qualified for/ competent自己有競爭力 competitive vigorous/energetic ( 精力充沛的 )f. 得到了工作： get the offer遭到拒絕： turn down/ reject工作、職業(yè)類詞匯job opportunity, job-hunt, apply for, a

21、pplication form, give impression, promote, position, vacancy, experience, gains and losses, part-time job, full-time job, interview, give sb an offer例句：1) How do you manage to work and go to school at the same time?2) It was the third time Ranger had phoned me to say he had a new job.3) It ' s a

22、 letter from the company where I applied for the job.4) If you tried typing every day, you 'd see what it'slike.5) If I were you, I 'd accept the job.6) I turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family.7) You seem very confident about the job inte

23、rview, don 'tyou?8) I feel ready for it.9) It says they want a junior sales manager and it seems like a big company.10) That'll be good, for you might have to travel a lot.11) I spent so much time polishing my letter of application.12) It's worthwhile to make the effort. You know just ho

24、w important it is to give a good impression.(7) 新生入學及入學后大致過程attend/go to college 上大學register/enroll enrolment ( 登記、報到、注冊 )opening ceremony (開學典禮)orientation meeting (介紹會)指學校綜合情況course arrangement 課程安排letter of recommendation 推薦信programme /program 某一專業(yè)的課程總稱school 學院assessment 對學生的學習情況進行評估attendance/p

25、articipation 出勤 office hour 教授與學生面談的時間 auditor=guest student 旁聽生 orientation program 新生訓練 teaching facilities 教學設施 assistantship 助學金 room and board 食宿 auditorium 禮堂 academic year/ period of schooling 學習年限 ,學年 credit system 學分制 English evening 英語晚會 school discipline 校紀（8）教育體系 kindergarten 幼兒園 element

26、ary education 初等教育 secondary education 中等教育 higher education 高等教育 adult education 成人教育 open admission 免試入學制 day-care center 幼兒園（美） nursery school 托兒所 primary/elementary school 小學（英 /美） secondary school 中學 coeducation 男女生同校制度 junior high school 初中senior high school 高中 attached middle school 附中 techni

27、cal school 技校 polytechnic institute 理工學院 / 科技大學 key school 重點中學 graduate school 研究生院 open university 夜大、函大 private school 私立學校 public school 公立學校 universal education 普及教育 educationist/educator 教育家2. 餐館、就餐場景：餐館： restaurant, dining hall 餐館、食堂bar, caf 酒吧、咖啡館buffet, cafeteria 自助餐廳eat out 在外面吃，去飯館吃napki

28、n.餐巾，餐巾紙menu 菜單預訂、服務、付帳：waiter, waitressmake a reservation/ reserve/book a table 預訂serve （food, drink）供應/提供（某種食物、飲料等）What do you order? / Can I take your order?（侍者 ）請客人點菜What do you recommend? 你有什么推薦？bill, pay one '付賬、買單go Dutch 各人付自己的帳 （ AA 制） tip 小費treat sb. to sth 請客，款待某人吃什么東西 食品類別、食物名稱：weste

29、rn food, Chinese food, fast food, fried food （油炸食品） ,dessert （飯后甜點）,salad, soup, bread, pizza, pie, sandwich, cheese, cream, hamburger, beef,steak, seafoodbeverage （飲料），whisky, beer, wine, soft drinkrice, noodle, snack （小吃 ）barbecue（燒烤）,picnic （野餐）dress in g/seas oning （調味品，調料）餐具：tableware, folk, kn

30、ife, plate, spoon感覺：I'm full, hungry, starvde好： delicious, incredible （難以置信的 ,非常好的）糟糕： horrible, terribleget/ be on a diet,例句 :1）No, thank you. I 'm not used to cold drinks in the morning.2）I heard there 's a good Japanese restaurant nearby. Would you like to go there for lunch? Yes, but

31、 it 's my treat this time.3）Hello, Room Service? Please send a menu to 320 right away.4）How about the food I ordered? I' ve been waiting for twenty minutes already.I 'll be back with your order in a minute. 我馬上回來就給你上菜 ?5）I don 't feel like going out. Why don't we just stay home a

32、nd watch TV instead?6）I 'm starving. I can 't walk any further.Let 's go the restaurant across the street and get something to eat.3. 圖書館、書店場景：圖書館catalogue =catalog 圖書編號bookshelf, stacks 許多書架、書庫volume （書的）卷，冊edition 版本copy 一本、一份novel, fiction 小說magazine, journal （定期干刊物），periodical （期干刊）,

33、quarterly （季干刊）,textbook, reference book參考書 -一般不得借出圖書館） , latest issue 最新一期library, librariancheck out （借出書籍結帳離開） ,check-out （付帳離開處）結帳對比 check-up （檢查）， due （書）到期 overdue 過期 return 歸還 renew 續(xù)借 fine 罰款 borrow 主語從別人處借書lend 主語借給別人書書店：out of stock （無貨），in stock （有貨），order （訂書），out of print （已絕版的），booksto

34、re, shelf, on sale, paperback edition （簡裝本） ，hard cover （精裝本），author例句：1）Jack， I can 't foinludmVe Ten. Could you check for me who borrowed it?It ' s on the upper shelf， next toolVume Two.2）Did you find the book for your reading assignment in the library?I had no idea it closes so early on w

35、eekends.3）Do you have the paperback edition of the dictionary?The hardcover is on sale for the same price as the paperback.4）It looks like you bought out the store.5）That book has been out of print for some time now.4. 醫(yī)院、看病場景：醫(yī)院：hospital， infirmary 學校醫(yī)務室students health center （學生健康中心）medical center

36、 （醫(yī)療中心）clinic （診所）ward （病房）-注意：send him to ward 會誤聽為 send him towards, emergency department/ emergency room （急診室）surgery, operation room, health needs, health service, health care醫(yī)生、病人：doctor, dentist, patient檢查、診斷、開處方、治療：examination, diagnose, treatmentprescribe （開處方）；prescript on （n.處方）；fill the p

37、rescripti on （按方抓藥）；refill the prescripti on（還按原方抓藥）take one ' s temperature, give sb. an injection-,raXy, blood pressure, doctor ' s order checkup 身體檢查，體檢 病名、病情： suffer from患著什么病，受什么病折磨（my leg, foot ）hurts腿，腳）很痛symptom, vomit （嘔吐） ，high temperature, a sore throat, headache, high blood press

38、ure, stomachache, heart disease, lung, cancer, fever, bleedin（出血），cold, hurt, dizzy （暈眩的），cough, detect diseases, flu, injury, twist an kle, sn eezeget sick, serious, severe, get worse and worse, feel tired, be worn out, sore, painfulrecoverinjure, injured injuryacute（疼痛）劇烈的；（病人，病）急性的藥品：tablet, pill

39、, medicine, OTC=over-the-counter mediine （非處方藥），aspirin, pain-killer （止痛藥）， dose, dosage 劑量，一劑，一服看病常用語：make an appointment 預約How are you feeling? 用于對方生病時打招呼。How are you doing? 普通打招呼out of bed離開床了What' s the matter with you?Are you felli ng better?be with a patient, see the doctor, May I take you

40、r temperature?治療treat （過程）；治愈 cure （結果）study表過程；learn表結果。search表過程；find表 結果。try表過程；manage表結果lose/put on weight 減肥 / 增肥be/get on a diet 正在節(jié)食do exercise/ work out做運動，鍛煉身體例句：1）Have you found any thi ng wrong with my stomach?I ' m still exam inin g. I' ll let you know the result n ext week.2）My

41、stomach aches. Maybe the seafood doesn ' t agree with me.3）I can ' t complain. At least I' m out of bed.4）Why didn ' t you make an appointment to see the doctor last week when you first twisted your an kle?The injury didn ' t seem serious then. I decided tocgayt Because my foot s

42、till hurts whenI put my weight on it.5）I ' d love to, but I' m getting over我想是想，但是我的感冒還正在恢復呢？5. 旅館、賓館場景：recepti on 前臺，接待處recepti on ist前臺接待員make a reservati on/ reserve/book a room 預訂房間check in入住登記，開房check out 結帳離開，退房There is one room available.有一個房間。句：1）I sent a letter to make a reservati o

43、n for a sin gle room a few days ago.Sorry, your request arrived too late.2）I believe you have a room booked for me.我想你們有一個房間是我預定的。It' s a single room with a bath, on the second floor.3）I hope it will suit you, sir.6. 機場、車站、交通場景：機場、機票：airlines/airline company 航空公司 airport, check-in counter, booki

44、ng office （售票處） , flight reservation （機票預定），luggage check （行李票）,confirm the flight （確認航班）,airticket,wing （機翼，側面建筑（常用于去展覽館），雞翅）；terminal （候機大廳，終端-常用，終點站）人員：air hostess, captain, pilot, crew, passenger推遲、取消、按時、及時：delay=put off = postp one, can cel, on time, in time, date of departure （起飛時間） ，arrival /

45、 departure time （到港/離港時間）飛機、航班：airplane, flight, airline, airliner （定期班機、客機） jet, non-stop flight （直達航班） , window seat, fasten-seat belt sign（安全帶指示燈） ，safety-belt （安全帶），first-class （頭等艙），economy class （經濟艙）登機、飛行、起飛、降落：gate （登機口），Gate No. XXX （幾號登機口）board a plane, on board 在飛機上，登上飛機 boardi ng card （登

46、機牌），take off （起飛、脫衣服）；la nd （降落）；circle 盤旋；arrival, departure （起程、起飛） ，transfer （轉機，換車），passport, visa事故、故障：mechanical problem,accident, drunk driving, drunk driver, danger, shock, hurt, damage, kill, repair, fix, one-way street, sign, break down, flat tyre, traffic jam, rush hour, delay, I can '

47、;t make it.火車站、汽車站、出租汽車等：railway station, train, plat form, subway, underground, tubebus station, fare, bus, conductor, bus stop, bus terminal, ride a bus, get on/off a bus, conductor, fare, pick up passenger （讓乘客上車），give sb a ride take the train catch the traintaxi, taxi driver, car, drive, driver車

48、庫、停車、汽車修理庫：park, parking space, used car, reverse （倒車） ，engine failure, brake failure, sleeping car, emergency brake加油站：fill up, oil, gasline, fuel（燃料），diesel （柴油機），grease （潤滑油），refuel （補給燃料）,liter,meter, gas station, gasoline station , filling station garage, fill in the tank, pull in警察：police, spe

49、eding, traffic light, driver's license, fine, give a ticket to, speed limit, overtake,vehicle （交通工具、車輛） ，road condition, lawyer, court交通話題：1、交通堵塞： traffic jam, block2、 交通違章：要罰款fine bill 罰單3、交通晚點： behind schedule例句：1)2)3)I ' m afraid we ' re going to missot'hec3lock train.We can get o

50、ur tickets changed for this evening.Could you please tell me if Flight 858 from San Francisco will be on time?Excuse me， I have a ticket for the 6 o'clock flight toI 'Nemw aYforarikd. I can 't make it.Is there a seat available for tomorrow morning?I ' m sorry. All the morning flights

51、 have been booked up. The earliest we can get for you is the two o 'clock flight in the afternoon.You won ' t be able to get to the airport in time to catch the ten o' clock flight.I ' msorry the flight is delayed becauseof a minor mechanical problem. Please wait for4)5)further notic

52、e.If the traffic wasn't so bad， I could have been home by 6:00.If it hadn 't been snowing so hard， I might have been home by 9 o's high time we turned our attentionetdoatnhger of drunk driving now.6)7)8)9)10) 車禍I think itI'Itafraid I can 't make it before 7 o'clock.'t mak

53、e it.s too bad you didn' clock.11)12)13) 汽車：s surprising that Tom came out of the accident alive. The car crashed into the wall and was completely damaged.Were you hurt in the accident?I was shocked at the time， but wasn't hurt at all. My bike was totally damaged though.Not a thing is to go

54、against me. I had a car accident， only some minor injuries though.It1)2)3)4)5)7.The mechanic said that the best thing would be to sell it and get a new car. This car is totally dead.I need a car this weekend， but mine has broken down.The man at the garage thinks that I take good care of my car.I can

55、 ' t see asncryatches on the outside， and the inside is clean too.I ' d like to place an advertisement for used car in the Sunday edition of your paper.You have to run your advertisement all week. We cannot quote a rate (報價)for justSunday.場景：設備：receiver (聽筒)，slot (投幣孔) change, operator接、打 ：r

56、un out of coin， cut off (被中斷； 簿、 費, mobile phone = cell phone, pay phone, long distance call, coin,hang up 主動掛斷) , dial 撥號 , make a call， phone sb簿( yellow presstelephone book = yellow pages常用語：confirm one 's appointment = make sure one speak to， make a call on the phone， return the call，黃色出版物)&

57、#39;s appointmentanswer the call, call back, dial the number,take/leave a massage， put/get/make through， hang up， hold on=hold the line，Is that This is speaking. There is no herMay I speak toT? there?I'm calling to 例句：1) I ' m sorry. Nobody by that name works here.2) I called you several times and nobody was home.3) Would you get me through to Dr. Lemon, please?8. 報紙類詞匯n ewssta nd/n ews stall/news ven dor (書報攤販)，publish ing house, n ewspaper office, place anadvertisement/put up ad, the Sunday edition, sports section, local news, classified Ad