中考英語冠詞考點(diǎn)歸納及練習(xí)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專題二、冠詞一.概念: 冠詞是一個(gè)虛詞,它置于名詞之前,限定名詞的意義.冠詞可分為：定冠詞,不定冠詞和零冠詞三類.二.相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講不定冠詞： 1. a用于輔音發(fā)音開頭的詞前, 如：a book; a “u”,”y”; a usual boy; a one -leg doga useful book; a European country; a university. an用于元音發(fā)音開頭的詞前，如：an apple, an hour; an umbrella, an”r” “h”,”f”,”n”,”m”,”l”,”s”x”; an unusual boy , an

2、unhappy day; an honest child; an engineeran 8/18/80-meet-high building1. a/an 用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前。 a book a boy a man a bird a dog an hour 【練習(xí)】 判斷正誤： a story( ) a bread ( ) a paper（ ） a bag（ ）a pretty woman（ ） a school ( ) a useful book ( ) a music ( )2.表示類別：這種用法是指某人或某物屬于某一種類，或者指某一種類的人或物中的任何一個(gè)或一件，或者指某一種類的人或物，

3、但不具體說明是何人或何物。 例如：   That is a pen, not a pencil. 那是鋼筆而不是鉛筆。（指屬于某一種類）   Give him a pear, please! 請(qǐng)給他一個(gè)梨。（指某一種類中的任何一個(gè)）   Listen! A boy is singing in the classroom. 3. 和 one 的區(qū)別： a/an 表示類別 種類 one 強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量 a bus （表示是一輛公交車 而不是一輛小汽車 也不是火車） one bus (強(qiáng)

4、調(diào)是一輛車 而不是兩輛或三輛)There is a cat under the chair. 椅子下面有一只貓。（強(qiáng)調(diào)種類）There is one cat under the chair.椅子下邊有一只貓。（強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量）4. 表示基本單位，作“每一”講,相當(dāng)于“”every。例如：three times a day, 10 yuan a kilo six class a day thirty miles an hour等。定冠詞：一： the 表示特指。 表示名詞所指的人或事物是同類中的特定的一個(gè)，以別于同類中其他的人或事物，相當(dāng)于漢語中的“那個(gè)”或“這個(gè)”的意思。 the book

5、 in my bag the boy under the tree the apples in the basket the hospital near my home 二：可以和單、復(fù)數(shù)名詞，也可以和不可數(shù)的名詞連用。 the books the book the rice the bread the football the old man the interesting book the teachers the women 三：用法： 1）. 定冠詞的最基本的用法是“特指”：表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或物。 Do you know the girl in a red skirt?

6、 你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)穿紅裙子的女孩嗎？ Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中國的首都。2）. 再次提到上文提到過的人或物，應(yīng)該用定冠詞the。例如：Tom has an apple, The apple is big and red.There is a boy under the tree.The boy is my brother. 3）. 指談話雙方都知道的人或物。例如：Lets go and give it to the teacher.咱們?nèi)グ阉唤o老師吧。Open the door，please!請(qǐng)打開門。4）. 用于某些

7、固定詞組中。 例如:in the morning / afternoon / evening 等。5）. 用在形容詞前表示一類人。the old 老人 the young 年輕人 the rich富裕的人 the poor_ the deaf _ the blind_6）. 用在表示“姓”的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示一家人或夫婦二人,謂語往往用復(fù)數(shù)。  例如：The Whites are spending their holiday in England. The Greens have gone to the Great Wall.7）. 用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的表

8、示場(chǎng)所的專有名詞前。the Great Wall 長城 the Summer Place頤和園the United States 美國 the Childrens Palace 少年宮 the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army 中國人民解放軍 the Long March 長征 the UK 英國8）.用在序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)前 The first thing I want to say is to listen carefully in class. He is the tallest one in our class. 9）.世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物等（月亮、地球

9、、天空、宇宙） the moon the universe 宇宙 the sun the earth in the sky The sun rises in the east. The earth goes round the sun. (a full moon 一輪滿月)10）.在世紀(jì)，年代名詞前用冠詞。 in the 1980s 或 in the 1980s 20世紀(jì)80年代 in the nineteenth century 二十世紀(jì)11）.在江河、山脈、湖泊、海洋、群島、海峽、海灣運(yùn)河前用the。 the Changjang River 長江 the West Lake 西湖 the

10、Pacific Ocean 太平洋12） .在介詞短語中常用定冠詞the，如：in the box ,behind the chair。13) .在西洋樂器前必須加定冠詞 如：play the piano play the violin14） 一些固定詞組：in the morning 在上午 in the evening 在晚上 in the field 在田野里 in the country 在鄉(xiāng)間 in the sun 在陽光下 in the distance 在遠(yuǎn)處 on the right 在右邊 by the way 順便說一下 in the front of 在前部 in the

11、 daytime 白天go to the concert 去聽音樂會(huì) at (/in) the beginning 開始at the moment 當(dāng)時(shí)，此刻 all the year round 一年到頭go to the cinema 去看電影 go to the theatre 去看戲at the weekend 周末 in the afternoon 在下午in the night 在夜里 in the sky 在空中in the dark 在暗處 in the rain 在雨中in the shade 在陰涼處 on the left 在左邊all the time 始終 in th

12、e middle of 在中間on the way home 回家途中 all the same 依然on the whole 總之 at the same time 同時(shí)on the plane 在飛機(jī)上 in the year 2008 在2008年the other day 前幾天 at the bottom of 在底部ion the one hand, on the other hand 一方面，另一方面in the end 終于下面幾個(gè)短語前不加定冠詞：例：at dawn 在黎明 at night 在晚上 at noon 在正午 at dusk 在黃昏15).the +比較級(jí)； t

13、he +比較級(jí)15）.在有些個(gè)體名詞詞組中，如：school，college，university，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，等個(gè)體名詞，有冠詞和無冠詞意思不同，請(qǐng)注意區(qū)別： go to hospital去醫(yī)院看病go to the hospital 去醫(yī)院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的) in hospital (生病)住院, in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里 in front of 在前面, in the front of 在范圍內(nèi)的前部 go to university /college 上大學(xué) go to the univers

14、ity /college 去大學(xué)（找人，辦事，上班等） n bed 生病臥床 in the bed 在床上（玩，看書等） go to church 做禮拜 go to the church 去教堂（辦事，上班等）零冠詞：一：所謂零冠詞，即指不使用冠詞的情況：二：用法：1.在物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞前不用冠詞 The desk is made of wood. What is work? Work is struggle2.國名，人名前通常不用定冠詞：England， China Mary Lilei Mr.Green 3. 在星期、月份，季節(jié)(1)在節(jié)日、星期、月份、季節(jié)、年等詞前不用冠詞。如：Wo

15、mens Day; on Sunday; in summer, in spring , in summer, in winter, in August 請(qǐng)區(qū)別：in the spring of 1945. (這里表示特指，故加the) The Spring Festival(2) 一日三餐和球類運(yùn)動(dòng)名不用冠詞。 如：have breakfast / lunch/ supper/ dinner ,play football/ chess 請(qǐng)區(qū)別：have a quick breakfast have a big dinner(3)一些固定詞組中，如：go to bed ,go to school

16、, by bus ,at night, on foot4.名詞前有物主代詞，指示代詞，不定代詞，名詞所有格修飾時(shí)(this， my，that， those， these， her) 如：this morning my pen your watch whose bike 等5. 在學(xué)科和語言的名詞前如：learn English learn Chinese learn maths6.當(dāng)by 與火車等交通工具連用，表示一種方式時(shí)，中間無冠詞；by bus by train by car by air by bike by plane （注意： 如果用介詞on 、in表示乘坐交通工具 必須用a 或a

17、n ,the來表示 如： in a bus , on a bike 等）7.在國樂前用零冠詞：play Erhu ; play pipa一用冠詞填空1.There is _ picture of _  elephant on _  wall 2This is _  useful bookI've read it for _ hour 3 _ elephant is much heavier than _  horse 4 _ doctor told him to take _  medicine

18、three times _ day 5Let's go out for _  walk 6It's too hotOpen _  door，please 7There is _  woman over there _ woman is Meimei's mother 8 _ sun rises in _  east 9 _ Changjiang River is _  longest river in _  China 10Are you going to do it _

19、  second time？ 11Washington is _  capital of _  USA 12 _ Turners are living at the end of _ Turner Street 13He joined the army in _  spring of _ 1995 14 _ old man is _ teacherHe likes playing _ basketball after _  supper 15After I had _  qu

20、ick breakfast，I hurried to school 16Are _  sheep kept by _  farmers for producing _  wool and _ meat？ 17They went to _  People's Park，but we both went to _ People's Cinema yesterday 18I often watch _  TV in _  evening 19 _ day of _  December

21、20，1999 is Monday 20Tomorrow is _  Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose  _ Christmas tree today 21I think _  maths is more important than any other subject 22He often goes to _  school by _  bike 23What does this _  word mean， _ Father？ 24What _

22、60; important news！ 二選擇填空1Does Jim have _ ruler？ Yes，he has _     Aan；some   Ba；one   Ca；   Dany；one 2There is _  old bike _ old bike is Mr Zhao's   Aan ；The   Bthe；An  Ca；The   Dthe；The 3 _ apple a da

23、y keeps the doctors aw ay   AThe    BA    CAn    DTwo 4How many books do you have？    I have _  bookThat's _  English book   Aa；an  Ba；one Cone；an   Done；one 5At that time Tom was _ one-year-old baby &

24、#160; Aa      Ban      Cthe      D 6 _ tiger is _  China   AThe；a    BA；the    CThe；from    DThe；the 7We can't see _  sun at _  night   Athe；the&#

25、160; Bthe；   Ca；      D； 8 _ useful book it is！   AWhat an    BHow a     CWhat a    DWhat 9One afternoon he found _ handbagThere was _ “s”on the corner of _  handbag   Aa；an；the

26、60;    Ba；a；the    Can；an；an   Dthe；a；a 10 _ old lady with white hair spoke _  English well at _ meeting   AAn；an；a   BThe；an  CThe；a   DThe；the 11 _ Great Wall is _  longest wall in the world   AA；a&

27、#160;   BThe；the    CA；the    DThe；a 12 _ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River   AThe；a  BA；       CA；the    DAn；the 13 _ woman over there is _  popular teacher in our school  

28、AA；an   BThe；a      CThe；the  DA；the 14He used to be _  teacher but later he turned _  writer   Aa；a    Ba；the      C；a     Da； 15They made him _  king   Aa   &

29、#160;  Bthe      Can     D 16His father is _  English teacherHe works in our school   Aa      Ban       Cthe    D 17Is he _  American boy ？   Aan 

30、0;   Ba        Cone    D 18Does Tom often play _  football after _  school？   A；  B；the   Cthe；   Da； 19They passed our school _  day before yesterday   Aan      Bon

31、e       Ca       Dthe 20Australia is _  English-speaking country   Aa       Ban        Cthe     D 21She has _  orange skirt _ skirt is

32、nice   Aa；The  Ban；The   Can；A   Dthe；The 22This is _  appleIt's _  big apple   Aan；a   Ba；the    Ca；an    Dan；the 23Look at _  horse over there   Aa       Ban  

33、      Cthe      D 24Don't play _  basketball hereIt's dangerous   Aa       Ban        C       Dthe 25There is _  old woman in the ca

34、r   A      Bthe       Ca        Dan 26Beijing is _  beautiful cityIt's _  capital of China   Aa；a    Bthe；the  C；the  Da；the 27Shanghai is in _  east of Chi

35、na   A      Ban        Ca        Dthe 28I've been a student there for nearly two and _ half years   Aa       Ban        C

36、the      D 29Bill is _  English teacherHe likes playing _  football   Aa；the  Ban；the   Ca；    Dan；  30The museum is quite farIt will take you half _  hour to get there by _ bus Aan；  Ban；a  

37、0;  Ca；     D；冠詞答案填空I1a；an；the 2a；an。第一個(gè)空的a是泛指，第二個(gè)空的an是指“一小時(shí)”。 3An；a。這兩個(gè)空都是泛指，故都用不定冠詞。 4The；the；a。前兩個(gè)空都是特指，故填the；后一個(gè)空中的a相當(dāng)于every或each，three times a day意為“一天三次”。 5a。go out for a walk意為“出去散步”。 6the 7a；The。前者泛指，后者特指。 8The；the。第一個(gè)空用the表示太陽是世界上獨(dú)一無二的物體；第二個(gè)空用the是因?yàn)樵诜轿辉~的前面一般用定冠詞。 9The；the，×。第一空用the是因?yàn)樵诤恿髅Q的前面用定冠詞；第二空用the是因?yàn)樵谛稳菰~最高級(jí)前面用定冠詞；第三空“零”冠詞是因?yàn)閷Ｓ忻~前一般不加冠詞。 10a。a second time意為“再一次”、“另一次”。the second time意為“第二次”。此句填a是表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù)，而不能用the（表順序）。 11the；the。第一個(gè)the是特指美國的首都。第二個(gè)the是在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前應(yīng)加定冠詞。 12The?！皌he 姓氏的復(fù)