八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語(yǔ)期中考試復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上八下中考Unit 1-6 知識(shí)梳理Unit 1 What's the matter?【語(yǔ)法】同義句 問(wèn)：Whats the matter / trouble/ problem (with sb)? =Whats your trouble/ matter/ problem? = Whats up? = What happens to sb.?（某人）出什么事了？ =Whats wrong (with sb)?（某人）怎么了？ =Are you OK?你沒(méi)事吧？ =Is there anything wrong with sb.？某人有什么事嗎？【辨析】troub

2、le【麻煩：make trouble】; matter【事情】; problem【難度大：solve problem】; question【難度小：ask/ answer question】答： 某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache. 某人+have/has+a+sore+發(fā)病部位 He has a sore throat他喉嚨痛。 某人+hurt(s)+身體部位或反身代詞 He hurt his leg.他的腿受傷了。 某部位+hurt(s). My head hurts badly我頭痛得厲害。 某人+h

3、ave/has+a pain+in ones+身體部位， I have a pain in my chest我胸口痛?！菊Z(yǔ)法】should + 動(dòng)原【四個(gè)句型】【重點(diǎn)詞匯掌握】 1. 反身代詞：myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves, oneself.2. (1)few +可名復(fù)，有否定意義。(2)a few +可名復(fù)，“幾個(gè)，數(shù)個(gè)”，有肯定意義。(3)little +不可數(shù)，有否定意義，“很少，幾乎無(wú)”(4)a little+不可數(shù)，“一些”，有肯定意。He has _ friends. 他有

4、幾個(gè)朋友。 He has _ friends. 他幾乎沒(méi)有朋友。 We still have _ time. 我們還有點(diǎn)時(shí)間。 There is _ time left.幾乎沒(méi)剩下什么時(shí)間了。3. much too +adj./ adv.“太. ”，too much+U名 ; too many + C名，很多，大量There are _ _noise in the classroom. There are _ _ old books in the library4. Also, too與either 三者都表示“也”。但是用法有區(qū)別。 (1)too用于肯定句，句末，有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)；句中，前后都加逗

5、號(hào)。(2)also句中，be等助動(dòng)詞后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前。(3)either用于否定句，句末，并用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi) (4)neither 作代詞“兩者都不”He is not there, _. 他也不在那兒。She _learns English.她也學(xué)英語(yǔ)。He likes English,_. 她也喜歡英語(yǔ)。You may use _book.兩本書(shū)你可以隨便用一本。_answer is wrong.兩個(gè)答案都不對(duì)。I dont like him. _ do I.我不喜歡他。我也是。5. Be used to do sth. 被用來(lái). Be/ get used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于. Us

6、ed to do sth.過(guò)去常常做.I used to _(sleep) late, but now I used to _(sleep) early. The pen is used to _(write)6. Give up going sth.放棄做某事【名】matter, fever, cough, passenger, risk, kilo, rock, knife, spirit【動(dòng)】躺lie, lying, lay; hit; hurt; break; mean;dieUnit 2 Ill help to clean the city parts.【語(yǔ)法】一般將來(lái)時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)：wil

7、l do, be going to do (標(biāo)志詞：will; “ -ll ” ; wont; tomorrow;next 動(dòng)詞不定式：help to do; need to do; decide to do; want to do; used to do【見(jiàn)附表DD】【重點(diǎn)詞匯掌握】 1. Alone（一個(gè)人的事實(shí)live alone）, lonely（感覺(jué)孤獨(dú)寂寞lonely man） The man live _ in the country, but he never feel _.2. Raise（籌集，raise money, 外力升）, rise（自己升The sun rises

8、 up every day.）3. 短語(yǔ)：Cheer up 使變得高興，振奮起來(lái)Give away贈(zèng)送，分發(fā)Come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)Come up with= think of想出，提出 Put off 推遲 Call up 打電話(huà)給某人Care for 照顧，Make a difference影響，有作用Run out of 用盡，耗盡Give out 分發(fā)，散發(fā)4. Sound(所有聲音)/noise(噪音)/voice(人聲音) 5.care for 照看；照顧；照料=take care of =look after v.照顧，照料，照看6. such/ so詞條詞性用法常用結(jié)構(gòu)such

9、形容詞修飾名詞such a/an +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)no/any/ some/ all/ many 等+such+名詞such+ 除many/few之外的形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)such +除much/little之外的形容詞+ 不可數(shù)名詞so程度副詞修飾形容詞或副詞so+ 形容詞+a/an + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)so+ many/few +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)so+ much/little+不可數(shù)名詞詞條是否接賓語(yǔ)用法achieve是主語(yǔ)一般為“人”come true否主語(yǔ)一般是“夢(mèng)想；理想”7. Help sb with sth = help sb. do sth.幫助某人做某事8. 1). stop

10、doing sth 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.請(qǐng)停止講話(huà) 2).stop to do sth 停下來(lái)去做另外一件事 Please stop to talk.請(qǐng)停下來(lái)講話(huà)-Can we stop _(have) a rest? -Oh, stop _(talk) about this. Youve rest three times.9. Take after, be like, look like, look after區(qū)別 Take after,【人品，品德，性格都像】 be like【人品性格】, look like【外表】, look after【照顧】10.

11、for example 常接句子, 用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。such as 常接詞或短語(yǔ)，可和and so on 連用?！久縱olunteer, sign, notice, joy, owner, letter, deaf, door, train, interest, 【動(dòng)】volunteer,cheer, notice, feel, raise, repair, fix,miss, open, carry, understand, changeUnit 3 Could you please clean your room？【語(yǔ)法】Could 引導(dǎo)的句子【四項(xiàng)】復(fù)習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can, could(能，

12、可以); must , have to(必須); should, ought to(應(yīng)該); need(需要，必要); may(可能); maybe(名，副詞：也許，或許); may be (情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：也許可能); had better do(最好做); 【重點(diǎn)詞匯掌握】 1. 短語(yǔ)：Do chores 做家務(wù) Do the dishes洗餐具in a mess; Take out 拿走; all the time= always總是; as soon as; in order to為了; depend on依靠; take care of= look after=care for照顧; As

13、 a result結(jié)果Make the bed 整理床鋪Hang out 閑逛，常去At least至少A waste of time浪費(fèi)時(shí)間2. Borrow(借來(lái)，進(jìn))和lend(借給，出)3. fair n. fairness 公平；公正 unfair不公平4. in front of 指在物體外部的前面 in hospital住院和in the hospital在醫(yī)院 in the front of 指在物體內(nèi)部的前面 注意有the 和沒(méi)the 的區(qū)別 5. 【了解】get, turn, become, go, grow 1). become好、壞兩方面的變化He becomes a

14、teacher. (現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是一位老師) 2). get多用于口語(yǔ)，表示一種變化過(guò)程，強(qiáng)調(diào) “漸漸變得”，后常接形容詞的比較級(jí)形式。 Its getting darker outside. 3). turn指在顏色和性質(zhì)等方面與以前的完全不同，強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果。Leaves turned brown . 4). 表示向壞的變化的常用詞組中用go（通常不用get）。 vegetables go bad菜變質(zhì) 5). grow表示“逐漸變成新的狀態(tài)”的含義。常指生長(zhǎng)性的變化。 My younger brother is growing tall我的弟弟漸漸長(zhǎng)高了?！久縭ubbish, floor,

15、 shirt, finger, neighbor, ill,【動(dòng)】fold；sweep; throw；pass；borrow；lend；hate；waste；provide；depend；develop,drop Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?【語(yǔ)法】提建議的句子： (1) What about doing sth. ?=How about doing sth.? .怎么樣？(2) Why dont you do sth.?= Why not do sth.= Why do/ does sb. do.? 為什么不呢？(3) Lets do s

16、th. 讓我們一起做.。 (4) Shall we/I do sth.? 我們做好嗎？(5) had better do/not do sth. 最好做/不做.(6) Will/Would you please do sth. 請(qǐng)你做(7) Would you like to do sth.? 你想去.？(8) Would you mind doing sth.？你介意做.？【回答】(1). 同意對(duì)方的建議時(shí)，一般用：（不包括mind ） Good idea. / Thats good idea. 好主意 OK/ All right. / Great. 好/ 行/太好了 Yes, please

17、. / Id love to. 是的/ 我愿意 I agree with you. 我同意你的看法 No problem. Yes, I think so. 對(duì)，我也這樣想Sure./ Of course./ Certainly. 當(dāng)然可以 (2).表示委婉謝絕時(shí)，一般用：I dont think so. 我認(rèn)為不是這樣 Sorry, I cant. Id love to, but我愿意，但恐怕 Im afraid 恐怕【語(yǔ)法】狀語(yǔ)從句分類(lèi)：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句等。1. until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 until“直到；在.之前”。和not.unt

18、il“直到.才”We wont start until Bob come Dont get off until the bus stops.2. so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句 so that是連詞，“為的是，以便”，引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句。 Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later.3. although引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句 Although the book was old, we decided to buy it. 盡管這本書(shū)很舊，我們還是決定買(mǎi)?！局攸c(diǎn)詞匯掌握】 【短語(yǔ)】Too many太多Be go

19、od at 擅長(zhǎng)Talk about 談?wù)揙n the phone在電話(huà)中Look through 快速查看，瀏覽.Give back歸還Big deal重要的事Thanks for因.而感謝Work out成功地發(fā)展，解決.Get on with和睦相處，Communicate with sb.與.交談Next time下次Make friends交朋友Be worried about 擔(dān)心.Be afraid of 害怕Cut out 刪除，刪去All kinds of 各種各樣的In ones opinion依.看instead of而不是，代替Want to do sth, 想要做某事

20、 .Find sb. doing sth. Tell sb. to do sth. Refuse to do sth. Let sb. do sth. Offer to do sth. Not.until. Want sb. to do sth. Its time for sth. Its + adj. + to do sth. Keep on doing1. allow sb to do sth 允許My parents dont allow me _( stay)up late. 我父母不允許我熬夜。 2. angry adj. 生氣的 angrily adv. 生氣地1). be ang

21、ry with sb. =be mad at sb. 對(duì)某人生氣【with后接人】2).be angry at/about sth.對(duì)某事感到生氣 【at后接事】 3.get on with 1)（事情）進(jìn)展 2) 與友好相處 get on with sb. =get along with sb.= be good with 和某人和睦相處；和某人關(guān)系良好 get on well/ badly with 相處的好/壞4. compete v競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；對(duì)抗 competition n 競(jìng)爭(zhēng) 1）. compete against/ with 與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)We cant com

22、pete with them on price.  2）. compete for 為參加比賽 Thirty people had to compete for only ten openings.  3）. compete in,參加競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，在上競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、比賽Five children competed in the race.  三 opinion 5.1).comparewith把與.做

23、比較And they are always comparing them with other children. 2). compareto 把.比做People often compare the life to a stage. 6.perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe辨析1). perhaps意為“也許，可能”，一般指比較小的可能性。2). probably“很可能，大概”，其可能性最大，表示一種幾乎完全肯定的意思。3). possibly意為“可能，或許，也許”，可能性較大。4). Maybe副詞“或許，大概”，主要用于非正式場(chǎng)合，常用在口語(yǔ)中，語(yǔ)氣比per

24、haps輕。5). may be情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be結(jié)構(gòu)，“也許” Maybe you put the letter in your basket. 或許你把信放在你的籃子里了。7. argue with sb. 與某人爭(zhēng)吵 argue about sth. 爭(zhēng)論某事 argue against 爭(zhēng)辯；反對(duì) argument n 爭(zhēng)論 have an argument with sb.與某人辯論【名】wrong, relation, cloud, pressure, opinion, skill,development, cause【動(dòng)】Allow; guess; deal; communicat

25、ion; argue; communicate; explain; copy; return; complete; continue; compare; push【形】elder, nervous, typical, crazy, clear, usual, quick, secondUnit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?【語(yǔ)法】過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/ were doing sth.【標(biāo)志詞；四項(xiàng)句式】【重點(diǎn)詞匯掌握】短語(yǔ)：Go off離開(kāi)pick up撿起fall asleep睡著in silence沉默take down記下at

26、first首先be in control of掌管掌控Wait for等候Look for尋找Make sure確保Have fun (in) doing sth玩的開(kāi)心die down逐漸變?nèi)?，逐漸消失Take photos照相Turn on / down調(diào)大、小Right away立刻，馬上Because of因?yàn)镸ake ones way to費(fèi)力前往Tell the truth說(shuō)實(shí)話(huà)Point out指出Three times a week一周三次Be busy doing sth.忙于做某事See sb. doing sth.看某人做某事Try to do sth.努力做某事Have

27、 trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困難 1. Begin to do 和begin doing 的區(qū)別 1). 主語(yǔ)是物不是人： It begin to rain; The ice begins to melt 2). 本身為ing形式： He is beginning to realize the importance of learning English. 3). 其后動(dòng)詞與想法、感情有關(guān)： They began to understand each other. 4). to do表示一次性的動(dòng)作；而doing表示習(xí)慣性、長(zhǎng)期性的動(dòng)作。2. (1) also

28、60;也，用于肯定句句中，用在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。 (2) too 也，用于肯定句句末，需要加一個(gè)逗號(hào)。 (3) either 也 ，通常放于否定句末 (4) as well 也，通常也放在句末，可以和too互換。3. against 倚；碰；撞,反對(duì)【反義詞follow】4. (1) at first = at the beginning 最初，開(kāi)始 (強(qiáng)調(diào)在時(shí)間順序或做某事過(guò)程等開(kāi)始之初) (2) first of all 首先，第一  (表明陳述事情的重要性) Be

29、n could not sleep at first.5.die down和die out的區(qū)別。 die down往往指火勢(shì)由強(qiáng)到弱慢慢熄滅，植物慢慢死亡這一過(guò)程； die out則指熄滅這一事實(shí)，不及die down普遍。指火的熄滅時(shí)，用die down或die out皆可。含義用法位置例句everywhere處處；到處；各個(gè)地方可用于任何句式We have many friends everywhere in the worldsomewhere某個(gè)地方多用于肯定句中You can go somewhere you like to.anywhere任何地方否定句疑問(wèn)句You c

30、ant go anywhereCan I go anywhere I choose6. . 【復(fù)習(xí)】詞義辨析： 1）join /join in/ take part in 2）get/ reach/ arrive(1)We want to _ the running, do you want to _us? (2)Do you want to_the school sport meeting?(3)I _ in China at 8:00, then I found a car to _ to a bus station, so I could take No.5 bus. I finally

31、 _ there at 12:00.7. remember to do sth與remember doing sth【復(fù)習(xí)：forget to do沒(méi)做/ forget doing做過(guò)】  remember to do sth記得要去做某事（此事還未做）  remember doing sth記得做過(guò)某事（此事已做完）Jim, remember _(lock) the door before you leave for home. I remember _(lock) the door before I go home. 8. wood 1)不可數(shù)，“木頭，木材”apiec

32、e of wood 一塊木頭 2)可數(shù)名詞，意為“樹(shù)林”，常用復(fù)數(shù)She is afraid of walk through the woods at night.9. fall asleep 意為“進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)，睡著” 反義詞：wake up 意為“醒來(lái)，把。弄醒”10. the rest of “剩余的。” Tom is from England and the rest of us are from China.11. silence 不可數(shù)名詞，意為“沉默，緘默，無(wú)聲”，常用短語(yǔ)：in silence沉默，無(wú)聲  

33、60;  silent形容詞“寂靜的，無(wú)聲的”She is eating dinner in silence. 12. have trouble (in) doing sth. 意為“做某事有困難或麻煩” have fun = have a good time= enjoy oneself 玩的開(kāi)心，作樂(lè)Have fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣13. close 1) 形容詞，意為“親密的，親近的，近的”Jenny is one of my close friends.     2) 動(dòng)詞，意

34、為“關(guān)閉” Close the door, please.14. over 介詞，意為“多于；超過(guò)（某數(shù)量，時(shí)間，價(jià)錢(qián)等）”=more than。Over “結(jié)束” Class is over.15. mean (meant, meant) 及物動(dòng)詞，意為“意思是” What does this word mean?    Meaning 名詞，意為“意思，含義”（既可數(shù)也不可數(shù)） What is the meaning of this word?16.passage n. 章，節(jié)，段落【名】alarm, storm, li

35、ght, report, area, wood, window, match, kid, passage, pupil, date, tower, truth【動(dòng)】alarm, begin, match, report, beat, rise, raise, realize, fall,Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.1. speak, tell, talk、say辨析(1) speak指說(shuō)話(huà)的能力或說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言，強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)的動(dòng)作，不是所說(shuō)的內(nèi)容speak English(2) tell告訴；講述，強(qiáng)調(diào)講給別人聽(tīng)。單方講 tell sb.

36、sth.告訴某人某事； tell sb. about sth.告訴某人關(guān)于某事；tell sb. (not) to do sth.告訴某人（不要）做某事(3) talk指連續(xù)不斷地講話(huà)，交談，側(cè)重兩者之間相互說(shuō)話(huà)。talk with /to sb.；talk about(4) Say 用作及物動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話(huà)的內(nèi)容 say it in English. 用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)【記1】(1) 說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言用speak speak English 說(shuō)英語(yǔ) (2) 與某人交談?dòng)胻alk talk with sb.= talk to sb. 與某人交談 (3) 強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話(huà)內(nèi)容用say say it in English

37、用英語(yǔ)說(shuō) (4) 告訴某人用tell tell sb. to do sth 告訴某人做某事2. silly，foolish, stupid, (1) foolish無(wú)頭腦的、缺乏常識(shí)的、缺乏判斷能力的。(2) Stupid指“智力差的”、“反應(yīng)遲鈍的”。(3) Silly指“頭腦簡(jiǎn)單、不懂事的”、“傻頭傻腦的”。 Dont be _!別傻！He is _ to throw away such a chance.Mary made a _ mistake.瑪麗犯了一個(gè)笨拙的錯(cuò)誤。3. other其他的，后跟名詞，沒(méi)有數(shù)量限制(泛指).the other 另一個(gè)，兩者中的另一個(gè) Others 一些 （人） some others 一些 一些 the others 其余的，指在一個(gè)范圍內(nèi)的其他全部 another 另一個(gè)；另外的 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù).表示三者以上的不確數(shù)中的另一個(gè). (1) I have two pens, one is a red, _