改錯專項練習——改錯精要以及單句改錯專項

1、單句改錯專項 by veronica（一）多詞 1、多冠詞 Suddenly，I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd 【重要提示】：1不可數(shù)名詞表示泛指時不用冠詞。 Modern people know more about the health，have better food，and 2與by連用的交通工具及air，land，sea等名詞前不用冠詞。by bike騎自行車，by sea由海路，乘船 3有些名詞（如：school，class，hospital， church，prison，bed， table，town等）與相應

2、介詞連用，表示有關(guān)活動時，不用冠詞。 go to school去上學，in prison坐牢，at table在吃飯 4球類運動、棋類游戲前，不用冠詞。 play basketball打籃球，play chess下棋 5most作“非?！苯鈺r，前面不用定冠詞 the。 She is most pretty她非常漂亮。 6as或though引導讓步狀語從句，構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，前置的名詞不用任何冠詞。Child as he is，he knows a lot雖然他只是孩子，知道的卻很多。 2、多介詞 We practise for three times every week but we do no

3、t seem to get much time to talk about together 【重要提示】： 1last night，next week，this year，one day，three times等名詞詞組直接充當時間狀語，前面不用介詞。 2有些動詞在漢語中是不及物動詞，在英語中卻是及物動詞，由于受漢語影響，可能多一個介詞。 serve for the people；follow after the teacher；marry with her；make him as our monitor； play with Tom in a match 3有些表示地點的副詞，其意義中已包

4、含to，如果再加to，則多余。 on one's way to there，return to home，go to upstairs 4有些副詞或介詞詞組后加另一個介詞，構(gòu)成復合介詞，若后面沒有介詞賓語，介詞則多余。同樣，有些動詞短語是“動詞介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，若后面沒有介詞賓語，介詞則多余。 If you won't go，I'll go instead of She listened to but heard nothing (look at)5有些動詞或形容詞后接名詞或代詞時，須加一個介詞，但接從句時，必須去掉介詞。 I never knew about a ride

5、down a river could be so exciting I am sorry for that he won't come 3、詞義重疊 Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher 【重要提示】 1有些詞受漢語影響，多一副詞或介詞，造成詞義重疊 return back回來，repeat again重復，flee away逃走，enter into進入，blue colour藍色， stop down停下來，raise up舉起來，unpack open打開 ，set down, rise up2定

6、語從句中的一個賓語，已由關(guān)系代詞取代，再用一個代詞是多余的。 I do remember you having apologized to the old lady I met her last week 3單音節(jié)的形容詞或副詞比較等級加-er、-est，多音節(jié)加more、most，但二者不能同時重疊使用。 As a result，people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past 4、出現(xiàn)冗言現(xiàn)象 Today I visited the Smithsmy first time v

7、isit to an American family 【重要提示】 1狀語從句與主句之間多一并列連詞。 2充當狀語的介詞短語與主句之間多一關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞。 3充當狀語的分詞與主句之間多一并列連詞。 4從屬連詞后多一個that。 5復合賓語前多一個that。 ( )Though he tried his best，but he failed ( )The more he has，and the more he wants ( )Sitting down，and he began to work ( )In the last five years that they have climbed

8、churches ( )in other places where you are limited to a certain number ( )I found that her lying on the ground ( )She was absent from the meeting because that she was ill 5、固定搭配中多詞 I was used to watch it every night in any other words，I am an only child【析】in other words為固定搭配，意為“換句話說”，而any other意為“任何別

9、的”，與本文上下文不符。 6、行文邏輯上多詞 First，let me tell you something more about myself（二）缺詞 1、名詞前缺限定詞 Each player must obeycaptain，who is the leader of the teamthe 【析】此處應加上the，特指“球隊的隊長”。 【重要提示】： 1在“so形容詞可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞前不能缺a或an。 This is so good a book that we will buy it This is such a good book that we will buy it

10、2little，few表示肯定時，前面不能缺a，意為“一些”。 a little water，但是“每隔幾分鐘”應說成 every few minutes。 3有些不可數(shù)名詞（如：metal，beauty， iron，tea，coffee，ice，youth，pleasure，success，failure等），表示“一種”、“一個”、“一杯”時，應加上a或an。 Work is a pleasure to me 4）“the 姓氏復數(shù)”表示一家人時，the不能省。 The Browns like to go skating 5表示“兩者之中比較的一個”時，比較級前應加the。 He is t

11、he taller of the two boys 6在句中可數(shù)名詞不可單獨使用，前面應有限定詞，如his，that，Tom's ，the ，a等。 When we walked to the car，Bill smiled and shookhead（his） 2、缺動詞不定式符號to and will do all they canmake sure that I get a good education（to） 【重要提示】 1不定式作后置定語，不定式符號to不能省。 But then there are always more mysteries look into(to) 2

12、一般說來，兩個實義動詞不能并列使用，中間常用to連接。 The World Health Organization and other organizations are workingimprove health all over the world(to) 3feel，hear，let，make，have，see，notice，watch，observe等動詞變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，充當主語補足語的不定式不能省去to。 Little Tom was made to do heavy work 4為了避免重復前面的動詞，后面的不定式常常省略，但要保留不定式符號to。 We wanted to go

13、to the lecture，but we weren't able to 3、缺系動詞 Theyeager to know everything about Chinawere 【析】eager為形容詞，必須加系動詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 【重要提示】： 1由于受漢語的影響，有些形容詞作表語時，常常缺系動詞。 She afraid of her boss (is)2在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中，由于缺少助動詞，變成了主動語態(tài)，造成錯誤。 and let you know when the book you want has returned and is ready for you to pickup(be

14、en)4、缺介詞 but the others spent a lottime arguing(of) 【析】a lot of是固定習語，意為“許多，大量”，后加賓語。 【重要提示】： 改錯題對介詞的考查，重點是一些固定搭配，再如：When I have free time I goa long walk，for，因此，同學們在學習和復習中應牢記一些固定搭配。 5、缺連詞 In one class，I learned it rained(why) 【析】本句缺連詞，造成句子成份殘缺，只有加上why，句子的意義才完整。 【重要提示】： 1在漢語中，分句與分句之間往往不用連詞，但在英語中卻不行。

15、It began to rain，and they had to stop working 2受母語影響，幾個同類詞并列連用時，它們之間往往缺一連詞。 I told Mother，F(xiàn)ather，Sister，all my friends here what a great time I had(and) He looked inside but saw nothing 3that引導的主語從句置于句首時，that常常不能省。 That light travels in straight line is known to all 4引導同位語從句的連詞that，when等常不可省。 The do

16、ctors came to the conclusion that the patient was suffering from cancer I have no idea when he will return 5在even if，even though，as if，as though等短語中，第二個連詞不能缺少。 He walks as if though he were drunk （三）錯詞 1、可數(shù)名詞單復數(shù)誤用 She said that she and all my schoolmate wished me success，(schoolmates) 【重要提示】： 對名詞單復數(shù)

17、的考查是高考的熱點之一，幾乎每年考查一處。因此，為了對名詞錯誤判斷準確，應該： 1要弄清名詞是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞。 We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream(water) 2要掌握好可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)的變化規(guī)則。 There are branch library in many villages (libraries) 3要注意一些名詞單復數(shù)的特殊變化。 4要熟練運用名詞的所有格。 2、時態(tài)誤用 I learn about you from my English teacher，M iss Fang

18、(learned) I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time(was)【重要提示】： 動詞時態(tài)是短文改錯考查的熱點之一，一般說來，每年考查一處，而且近幾年高考主要考查現(xiàn)在時與過去時的誤用。 3、非謂語動詞誤用 It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home (drive) Play football not only makes us grow up(playing) 【重要提示】：

19、1V-ing形式作主語、賓語或狀語是考查熱點之一。 I'll spend the whole weekend reading and prepare for it(preparing) After learn the basics of the subject， nothing else seemed very practical to me( learning) 2過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的區(qū)別是另一考查熱點。此時重點要看分詞與主語或邏輯主語的關(guān)系。 After an hour or so，we began to feel very frightening(frightened) 3情態(tài)動

20、詞后應用動詞原形，卻誤用了非謂語動詞。 David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village(lead)4被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞誤用成動詞原形。 Books may be keep for four weeks(kept)5掌握好動詞不定式帶to與不帶to的差異。 6有些動詞后接不定式，有些動詞后接動名詞，應牢記這些動詞。 4、主謂不一致 Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a se

21、nse of fair play and team spirit(gives) 【重要提示】 ：1謂語動詞的單復數(shù)一般取決于前面主語的單復數(shù)。 Anyone may borrow books，and it cost nothing to borrow them(costs) 2not onlybut also，neithernor，eitheror等并列連詞聯(lián)接兩個主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)應采取就近一致原則。 3There be結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動詞也應采取就近一致原則。 But then there is always more mysteries to look intoare 4注意把集合名詞

22、（如：family，class， team等）和不定代詞（如：all ，none等）放在具體語境中，判斷其謂語動詞的單復數(shù)。 5、代詞不一致 The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home(their)Now someone at home reads instead (everyone everybody)【重要提示】 ：1根據(jù)上下文判斷，出現(xiàn)了代詞不一致。 And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game(we) 2傾向于考查學生對不定代詞、形容詞性物

23、主代詞、名詞性物主代詞以及代詞的主格與賓格等諸方面知識的掌握與運用能力。 And I can't forget the good food you cooked for I (me) 3人稱代詞性別上的誤用也是常見的錯誤形式之一。 6、連詞誤用 She said that she and my schoolmates all wished me success，but it didn't matter that I would win or not(whether) 【析】it為形式主語，whether I would win or not是真正的主語，意為“我是否能贏”。 I

24、t looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest(or)【析】句意為：看起來我的父母親把我當成了“visitor”或“guest”了。二者為選擇關(guān)系，而非并列關(guān)系，故將and改為or。 【重要提示】 ：1正確掌握各連詞的含義及其在從句中的應用。 Most people can quickly get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill( whenif) 2熟練應用表示并列、選擇、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果等關(guān)系的連詞：and，or，but，so，therefore

25、， however，etc She was smiling but nodding at me(and) 3弄清whether和if的含義及用法區(qū)別。 and whether you pay the cost of send- ing a postcard，the librarian will write to you (if) 7、關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞誤用 I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China(which) 【析】此處是非限制性定語從句，關(guān)系代詞which作主語。 【重要提示】： 1正確區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞之間的區(qū)別，尤其是that和which

26、的區(qū)別。 in other places you are limited to a certain number，of that some may be novels(which)2正確區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別，并掌握它們的用法。 However，there are still some countries there people have shorter lives(where) 8、詞性誤用 Also the sport teaches us the important of obedience(importance)【析】本句應該用名詞importance作動詞 teach的直接賓

27、語。 Unfortunate，there are too many people in my family(Unfortunately) 【析】此處應該用副詞unfortunately作狀語，意為“不幸的是”。 【重要提示】 ：詞性誤用指的是動詞與名詞混淆，副詞與形容詞混淆等等。這就要求我們在平時學習中重視詞性及各類詞的基本用途，尤其是弄清它在句中所作的成分。再如： I'm sure we'll have a wonderfully time together(wonderful) 9、限定詞誤用 Today I visited the Smithsmy first visit

28、 to a American family(an) 【析】American為元音音標開頭的單詞，故應用不定冠詞an。 We may be one family and live under a same roof，(the)【析】same意為“同樣的”，前面應加定冠詞the。 10、詞義辨析錯誤 They did not want me to do any work at family，(home) 【析】family側(cè)重指“家庭這個結(jié)構(gòu)或家里的人”，而home則側(cè)重指“家庭的所在地”。因此“在家里”應用at home。 【重要提示】 ：在英語中，有許多同義詞、近義詞和反義詞，在平時學習中應抓

29、好基礎(chǔ)，牢記每一個詞的異同點和側(cè)重點。再如： Uncle Ben will also go back for Christmas (come) 單句改錯訓練 (1) 名詞錯誤1. During my stay in London I visited many places of interests and had lots of friendly talks with all kinds of people. 2. In spite of the heavy traffics, I managed to get to the college five minutes before class

30、began. 3. We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English, and physics. 4. We practise three times every week and often watch football match on TV together.5. She said she and my classmate all wished me success. 6. A journey of a thousand mile begins with a single step. 7. Happy birthd

31、ay, Peter and many happy return of the day. 8. Therere many cattles and cows on his fathers farm.9. Professor White gave me one of the best piece of advice Ive ever heard. 10. I saw your name on a list of teacher who wished to spend their holidays in France this summer. 答案：1. interests - interest；2.

32、 traffics - traffic；3. subject - subjects； 4. match - matches；5. classmate - classmates；6. mile - miles；7. return - returns； 8. cattles - cattle；9. piece - pieces；10. teacher - teachers (2) 動詞錯誤1. Do you know what subjects they study while they were at college? 2. Id like very much to come but I had

33、 an examination on Monday morning. 3. I am happy with any program but the others spent a lot of time arguing. 4. Children are taught to follow the rules and what they do in later life depends partly on the habits they develop when they were young. 5. It was a long time since I saw Tom at my uncles a

34、nd I dont know where hes been these months. 6. The ship hardly left the port when a terrible storm came. 7. The time is sure to come when my words come true. 8. The rule requires that everyone has his bike, new or old, checked once a year. 9. They did not want me to do my work at home; they want me

35、to devote all my time to my studies.10. Each of the job hunters, making preparations for his or her interview, hoping to be offered a good job in the company. 答案：1. study - studied；2. had - have；3. am - was；4. develop - developed；5. was - is ；6. hardly前面加had；7. come前面加will；8. has - have；9. did - do或

36、want - wanted；10. hoping - hoped或hopes (3) 形容詞、副詞錯誤1. The fish has gone bad. It tastes terribly. 2. Im sure your illness is caused by something more seriously than overwork. 3. The new headmaster is much more younger than the old one.4. Without the Internet, well find it convenient to communicate wi

37、th others.5. The mixture of coffee, milk, and sugar tastes differently from tea. 6. People at home and abroad have been great helped by the new computer. 7. Youll never imagine how good hes doing in his studies here in Cambridge. 8. We eat simple at home and do not want to spend lots of money on foo

38、d. 9. They listened to his heart and said there was nothing serious wrong with him. 10. The leaning tower of Pisa is famous not because of its beauty but because it leans dangerous to one side. 答案：1. terribly - terrible；2. seriously - serious；3. 去掉more；4. convenient前面加less5. differently - different；

39、6. great - greatly；7. good - well ；8. simple - simply；9. serious - seriously；10. dangerous - dangerously (4) 代詞錯誤1. Mr Johnson gave his friends, Mary and I, a tea party. 2. Pass Rose and I two pieces of bread, please. 3. I have the same idea as his. 4. And they mustnt break the rules too often if we

40、 want to win the game. 5. We got on the school bus and which took us straight to the Peoples Park. 6. The football team has done well this year. All of their members have trained hard. 7. The best drivers can also have an accident if you are absent-minded and the driving conditions are not so good.

41、8. He designed new tools which were fit for the users when they worked with it. 9. I think I liked those classes because I felt it helped me understand how the world worked. 10. We owe to you that there wasnt a serious accident. 答案：1. I - me；2. I - me ；3. his - he；4. they - we或we - they；5. which - i

42、t6. their - its；7. you - they；8. it - them；9. it - they ；10. owe后面加it； (5) 介詞錯誤1. Will you join in us if we decide to do the new experiment? 2. Lisa was working as a secretary in a big firm for the first time I met her. 3. We trained for three times every week before the sports meet began. 4. Jenny

43、is very careless. Its for the second time shes lost her library card. 5. In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year. 6. She goes to visit her parents in the country once in a month.7. The discovery shes made in medicine is great importance to science. 8. The music is quite popular in Bri

44、tain, and it is very good music to dance. 9. She had a feeling that the sad-looking man was not a person she could trust or talk. 10. Surprisingly, the weather report in the evening before the storm said that no hurricanes were on the way. 答案：1. 去掉in；2. 去掉for；3. 去掉for；4. 去掉for；5. 去掉in；6. 去掉in；7. gre

45、at前面加of；8. dance后面加to；9. talk后面加to；10. in - on (6) 冠詞錯誤1. As I am inexperienced teacher, Im afraid I have little to say about the subject. 2. After quick supper, Tom returned to the schoolyard. 3. Ill take this chance to wish you wonderful time on your birthday. 4. The crowd gathered at the entrance

46、 to the hotel, hoping to be lucky enough to have look at the pop star. 5. One of the students who were sitting in front gave a different answer to the question. 6. The computer is an useful machine that can do many things for us. 7. Id love to have gone to the party but I had a unexpected visitor. 8

47、. Its necessary that a person drink several glasses of the water if he wishes to remain healthy. 9. A great celebration was held in the Peoples Square on the National Day. 10. Many people agree that the knowledge of English is a must in international trade. 答案：1. inexperienced前面加an; 2. quick前面加a; 3.

48、 wonderful前面加a; 4. look前面加a5. front前面加the; 6. an - a; 7. a - an ; 8. 去掉the; 9. 去掉第二個the; 10. the - a (7) 連詞錯誤1. Jim wanted to make his mark in music but finally he succeeded with the help of his teacher. 2. It is a very important examination but I cant fail it. 3. We tried to fix it and there was no

49、thing we could do. 4. The new person on the job feels better after he and she has played tennis with other people in the office. 5. Though theyre twins, Tom likes playing football, his brother prefers soccer. 6. It didnt matter much that I would win or not. 7. Though he is young, but he does know qu

50、ite a lot. 8. When I was on the stage the next day, I was so nervous as I shook like a leaf. 9. Most people can get help from a doctor or go to a hospital since they are ill. 10. Its years after I painted a picture. 答案：1. but - and; 2. but - so; 3. and - but ;4. and - or ;5. his前面加while或but; 6. that

51、 - whether; 7. 去掉but; 8. as - that ; 9. since - when或if; 10. after- since典型單句改錯：1 . The price of oil is expensive now . 2 . How much is the population of China? 3 . How do you call it in English? 4 . How long have you bought the bike?5 . The sun rises from the east . 6 . She married with a rich man

52、.7 . Tom hit her on her back . 8 . How is he like? He is tall and thin .9 . This is the boy his English is very good . 10 . I want to see how your new pen looks like .11 . They are lazy . Both of them are not diligent . 12 . He is very easy to get angry .13 . He suggested me to drink plenty of water

53、 . 14 . Cotton is felt soft .15 . The book is very worth reading . 16 . He longed me to be a good student .17 . Dont read under the sun . 18 . There are many people study English .19 . How should I do with the letter? 20 . I dont know how to do .21 . Though he has worked for ten hours , he felt not

54、a little tired . 22 . Do you know the girl whose name is called Jenny?23 . They fled away when they saw their teacher . 24 . We should serve for the people heart and soul .25 . This pair of shoes is a bit tight . Show me another one . 26 . Those who against the plan raise your hands .27 . The dress spent him a