動(dòng)詞ing做賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)及綜合練習(xí)

1、高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法動(dòng)詞ing形式做其補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)用法詳解及練習(xí)第一部分：動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1 . 動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式可以在 see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find等表示感官和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，和一個(gè)名詞或代詞一起構(gòu)成 復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。We heard the children shouting upstairs.我們聽(tīng)見(jiàn)孩子們?cè)跇巧辖泻啊 noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.我下車(chē)的時(shí)

2、候注意到一個(gè)男人從銀行里跑出來(lái)。I felt my heart beating violently.我覺(jué)得我的心在猛烈地跳動(dòng)。2 .動(dòng)詞的-ing形式和不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的區(qū)別在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官動(dòng)詞后，既可用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)， 也可用不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，兩者之間有一定的區(qū)別。用動(dòng)詞的 -ing形式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作正在 進(jìn)行；用不定式時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，即動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程結(jié)束了。He saw a girl getting on the car.他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女孩在上汽車(chē)。(She was getting on the car.)He saw a

3、girl get on the car and drive off.他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女孩上車(chē)開(kāi)走了。(She got on the car and drove off.)Do you hear someone knocking at the door你聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在敲門(mén)嗎？(Someone is knocking at the door.)Do you hear someone knock at the door你聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人敲門(mén)了嗎？(Someone knocked at the door just now.)提示:如果賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是一系列的動(dòng)作，通常只能用不定式來(lái)表示，不用動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式。I sa

4、w him enter the room, sit down and light a cigarette. 我看見(jiàn)他走進(jìn)房間，坐了 下來(lái)，點(diǎn)燃了一根香煙。3 動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式也可用在have, get, leave, keep, set, catch 等表示“致使”的動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。They should not leave us wondering what they will do next.他們不應(yīng)該不讓我們知道他們下一步要做什么。I won't have you running about in the room. 我不允許你在房間里跑來(lái)跑去。We kept the

5、fire burning all night long.我們使火整夜燃燒著。第二部分 動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式作定語(yǔ)1 單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式可以作前置定語(yǔ)，一般有兩種含義。說(shuō)明被修飾名詞的用途和性能。a reading room= a room which is used for reading 閱覽室running shoes= shoes for running 跑鞋a working method = a method of working 工作方法a sewing machine縫紉機(jī)a swimming pool游泳池a drawing board畫(huà)板a dining car

6、餐車(chē)a driving permit 駕駛許可證a walking stick 手杖a singing competition 歌詠比賽a waiting room 候車(chē)室表示所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)， 在意思上接近一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句， 可以表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，也可表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。發(fā)展中國(guó)家看起來(lái)很普通的房子困擾人的問(wèn)題developing countries = countries that are developingan ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary a puzzling problem = a prob

7、lem that puzzles somebody a disappointing play 令人失望的戲劇an astonishing adventure 驚人的冒險(xiǎn)boiling water 正在沸騰的水a(chǎn) sleeping baby 熟睡的嬰兒a barking dog 狂吠的狗2 作定語(yǔ)的 -ing形式如是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面。裝著醋的那個(gè)瓶子The bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory.應(yīng)送到實(shí)驗(yàn)室去。They lived in a house facing south.他們住在一所朝南的房子

8、里。The book being discussed a lot will be published next month.人們談?wù)摵芏嗟哪潜緯?shū)下一個(gè)月將出版。第三部分： 動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式可以作狀語(yǔ)，修飾動(dòng)詞，在句中表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨情況等。 -ing 形式作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)多位于句首；作結(jié)果、伴隨情況狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常位于句末。2 表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood.看到那些畫(huà)，她想起了自己的童年。 ( = When she

9、saw those pictures.)Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.我們已經(jīng)作好了充分準(zhǔn)備，現(xiàn)在可以應(yīng)考了。 ( = After we have made full preparation.)3 表示原因，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。Not knowing his address, I can't send this book to him. 因?yàn)椴恢浪牡刂?，我?能把這本書(shū)送給他。 ( = As I don't know his address.)Being ill, he d

10、idn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天沒(méi)有上學(xué)。 ( = Since he was ill.)4 表示結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父親死了，留給他許多錢(qián)。 ( = . and left him a lot of money )She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.她非常生氣，把玩具扔在地上，摔成了碎片。 (= . and broke it i

11、nto pieces.)5 表示條件，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。Going straight down the road, you will find the department store.順著這條路一直走，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)那家百貨商店。 (= If you go straight down the road.)如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就一定能成功。 ( =盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.If you work hard at your lessons.)6 表示讓步，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Knowing all

12、this, they made me pay for the damage.要我賠償損失。 ( = Although they knew all this.)Working hard as he did, he was still unable to earn enough money to buy a car.他雖然努力地干，但仍然掙不夠買(mǎi)車(chē)的錢(qián)。 ( = Though he worked hard as he did.)7 表示行為方式、伴隨情況或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列結(jié)構(gòu)。He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.他

13、躺在草地上，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地望著天空。 ( = .and stared at the sky for a long time)She cameinto the house, carrying a lot of books. 她捧著許多書(shū)走進(jìn)了房間。 ( = .and carried a lot of books )高中現(xiàn)在分詞用法綜合練習(xí)題V-ing 作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)練習(xí)題一、用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空the task was difficult,they managed (finish) it on time.(travel) around the world and (taste) all the de

14、licious foods indifferent counties.suggest (invite) him to speak on mised (attend) our meeting, but he didn ' t turn up.practice (play) the piano in my spare time.the boys are looking forward to (feed) the animals.always prefer (start) early rather than (leave) everything to the las

15、t minute.8. (walk) is a good form of exercise for both men and women.shopping women sometimes can ' t help (persuade) into buying more clothes than necessary.you think it of any use (argue) with him any more?We are wasting our time (try) to persuade hom to give up the idea.11.(make) friends is a

16、n necessary part in our life.'s no use (argue) with a person like him.are considering(go) to Hainan for the summer holiday.regret（say） that I regret （do） such a silly thing.thief ran away quickly to avoid （catch）.you mind （turn） down your radio a little,please?is no use （keep） silent about such

17、a matter.（be） late made our boss very angry.teacher told the students to stop and （write,listen） to him.succeeded in （persuade） her to do the job.二、完成句子（記住開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)要多力口小心）next time. （t己得被邀請(qǐng)）to their party, but left the invitation in the office.I came in, he （停止讀書(shū)）and looked up at me.I saw Tom, I . （停下來(lái)和他打

18、招呼） but the ignored me. （試圖完成）the work with the least cost and fewest people.decided that they would （嘗試住在美國(guó)） for several years.（繼續(xù)做相同的練習(xí)）（ 繼續(xù)看書(shū)）after doing exercise.9. （窗戶(hù)需要擦了）動(dòng)詞的ing形式作表語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，賓補(bǔ)和狀語(yǔ)一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)job is (keep)the lecture hall as clean as possible.她的工作是盡量使報(bào)告廳保持干凈。2.The problem is quite(

19、puzzle).這個(gè)問(wèn)題很令困惑。常用來(lái)作表語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring,encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)1單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作前置定語(yǔ) = a room which is used for reading=shoes for running跑鞋 =a method for working 工作方法=countries that are developing發(fā)展中國(guó)家=a

20、 house that looks ordinary看起來(lái)很普通的房子=a problem that puzzles somebody困擾人的問(wèn)題2作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式如是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面，做后置定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè) 定語(yǔ)從句。They lived in a housewhich which is facing south.他們住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy who is playing basket.你認(rèn)識(shí)在打籃球的那個(gè)小男孩嗎？The man who is visiting Japan is my uncle正在訪(fǎng)問(wèn)日本的那個(gè)男人是我的叔叔。三

21、、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)1、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常放在賓語(yǔ)后面，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過(guò)程或一種狀態(tài)。When wereturned, wefound a stranger (stand)in front of the house.2、能用-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的幾類(lèi)動(dòng)詞：1)表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的感官動(dòng)詞， (常見(jiàn)的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to + sb + doing sth (doing 作賓補(bǔ))I felt somebody (talk) behind me

22、.I heard a girl(cry) in the dark.I noticed a thief(steal) on the bus.2)表示指使意義的動(dòng)詞使役動(dòng)詞，(常見(jiàn)的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave +sb/ sth + doing sth (doing作賓補(bǔ))使某人做某事We kept the fire(burn)all night 10ng.我們讓火整夜燃燒著。I won 't have you (run)g about in the room.我不會(huì)讓你在房間里跑來(lái)跑去。He kept her (wait) understaris

23、 the whole day.他讓她在樓下等了 一整天O3、see, hear, feel, watch等動(dòng)詞之后用-ing形式和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：We heard the telephone ringing.We heard the telephone ring.前者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，后者表示(或強(qiáng)調(diào))動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程。四、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作狀語(yǔ)，在句中表示 時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨等。動(dòng)詞-ing形式作時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)多位于句首；作結(jié)果、伴隨情況狀語(yǔ)時(shí)常位于 旬末。1 .(make) full preparations, we

24、are ready for the examination.我們已經(jīng)作好了充分準(zhǔn)備，現(xiàn)在可以應(yīng)考了。(=After we have made full preparations.)2 .(be) ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.由于生病，他昨天沒(méi)有上學(xué)。(=Because he was 川.)father died, (leave) him a lot of money.他父親死了，留給他許多錢(qián).(=and left him a lot of money.)lay on the grass,(stare)at the sky for a lo

25、ng time.他躺在草地上，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地望著天空(=.and stared at the sky for a long time)5 .(work) hard at your lessons, you will succeed.如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就一定能成功。(=If you work hard at your lessons.)6 . (know)all this, they made me pay for the damage.盡管知道了一切情況，他們還是要我賠償損失。(=Although they knew all this.)練習(xí)題1) Fill in the blanks with th

26、e correct form of verbs.2) (clean) women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.3) All of us watched the hunter (bring) down the dangerous bear.4) When he woke up, he found himself (lie) in hospital.5) Electricity lines were brought down by(fall) trees in the storm.6) The tall building (build) n

27、ow will be a hospital.7) The man(wear) a sad look said, "I've lost my wallet."8) What is a water can used for?It's used to(water) flowers or something like that.9) There was a terrible noise (follow) the sudden burst of light.10) The missing boy was last seen (play) near the river.

28、11) In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet(point) at anotherperson.形式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)練與析從 A、 B、 C、 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1. Though I have often heard this song , I have never heard you it.A. being sung; sangB. sang; singingC. sung; singD. to be sung; to sing2. It was so cold that they kept the fire al

29、l night.A. to burnB. burnC. burningD. burned3. He looked around and caught a man his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. putB. to be putting C. to putD. putting4. Did you meet anyone at the party? No, in fact, I found the party rather A. interesting; boringB. interested; boringC. interesting; bor

30、edD. interested; bored5. The salesman scolded the girl caught and let her off.A. to have stolenB. to be stealingC. to stealD. stealing6. Don t leave the water while you brush your teeth.A. runB. running C. being runD. to run7. The boy was last seen near the East Lake.B. missing; playA. missing; playingC. missed; playedD. missed; to play8. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen.A. smoke B. smoking C. to smokeD. smokedRewrite the follo