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1、Module?1?一、詞匯1. 辨析 watch , look, look at 與 seewatch 是及物動(dòng)詞,意思是“觀看;注視”,常用來指看電視、看球賽、看戲等。look 為不及物動(dòng)詞,單獨(dú)使用,用以引起對(duì)方的注意。look at是由動(dòng)詞100k和介詞at組成的詞組,后面可以帶賓語,側(cè)重“看”的動(dòng)作。see為及物動(dòng)詞,意為“看見”,側(cè)重“看”的結(jié)果。2. call v. 打電話call sb. 給 打電話call +某人 + at +電話號(hào)碼(用這個(gè)號(hào)碼打電話給某人)eg: Please call John at 035-7328. 請(qǐng)打 0357328 找約翰。 稱呼eg: They

2、 call me Tina. 他們叫我蒂娜。3. 辨析 every day 和 everyday every day 是副詞詞組,在句子中間做狀語,表示“每天,天天”。eg: We speak English everyday.everyday 是形容詞,在句子中只做定語,表示“日常的,每天的”。eg: Let s learn some everyday English.4. 辨析 everyone 和 every one everyone 意為“每個(gè)人”,只指人,不指物,不與 of 短語連用。Everyone 在句中作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。eg: Is everyone he

3、re today? 今天大家都來了嗎?every one 既可以指人,也可以指物,可與介詞of 連用。eg: Every one of us has a chance to speak at the meeting.我們每個(gè)人都有機(jī)會(huì)在會(huì)上發(fā)言。5. 辨析 look for 與 find look for 意為“尋找”,指有目的的找,強(qiáng)調(diào)“尋找”這一動(dòng)作。eg: What are you looking for? 你在找什么?Im looking for my bike. 我在找我的自行車。find 意為“找到;發(fā)現(xiàn)”,強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果,其賓語往往是某個(gè)丟失的東西或人。eg: I m look

4、ing for my bag, but I can t find it. 我找我的書包,但我沒找到。6. 辨析 talk, speak, tell 與 say talk意為“談話;講話”,如果只有一方對(duì)另一方說話時(shí),一般用 talk to,如果雙方或多方交談時(shí),多用 talk with 。 speak意為“說話;講話”,后面常接語言。 speak to意為"和談話、講話”tell 意為“告訴;講述”。 tell sb. sth. 告知某人某事tell sb. to do sth. 告訴某人去做某事tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴某人不要做某事 say 意為“說”,

5、后常跟說話內(nèi)容。二、短語1. lost and found box10st和found分別是動(dòng)詞lose和巾nd的過去分詞形式,過去分詞可以修飾名詞作定語,lost在這里意為“丟失的”, found 意為“找到的”,它們作定語修飾名詞 box。2. look for 尋找由于 for 是介詞,所以后面要接名詞或代詞作賓語,look for sth. 意為“尋找某物”,使用時(shí)注意, look for不能分開使用。eg: They are looking for their phones, cameras, watches, computers and many other things. 他們正

6、在尋找他們的 電話、照相機(jī)、手表、電腦和其他許多東西。注意: find 強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的結(jié)果,而 look for 強(qiáng)調(diào)“找”的過程。eg: I m looking for my watch, but can t find it. 我在找我的手表,但是找不到.3. in a hurry 匆匆忙忙地介詞短語,hurry 動(dòng)詞短語用“hurry up ”來表示“趕快,趕緊”,“(there s) no hurry ”意為“不忙,不必著急,有充裕時(shí)間”。eg: There is no hurry, so do it slowly and carefully. 不必趕時(shí)間,要慢慢地,認(rèn)真地完成任務(wù)。We

7、must hurry up if we want to be there on time. 如果想準(zhǔn)時(shí)到那里的話,我們就必須動(dòng)作快點(diǎn)。三、句型1. Here is / are 這兒有,在這兒(用于剛找到某人或某物時(shí))是一個(gè)完全倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu),當(dāng)主語為代詞時(shí)部分到裝。eg: Here is the address. 這是那里的地址。四、語法1. ?名詞性物主代詞物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞與名詞性物主代詞。( 1 )形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞,在句中作定語用,其后一定要接名詞。如 : my pen 我的鋼筆your bag 你的書包his bike 他的自行車her desk 她的書桌its n

8、ame 它的名字eg: Is that your bike? 那是你的自行車嗎?Those are our books. 那些是我們的書。如果名詞前有形容詞性物主代詞,就不能同時(shí)用冠詞(a, an, the)或指示代詞(this, that, these, those)修飾此名詞。注意:形容詞性物主代詞與形容詞一起修飾名詞時(shí),要放在形容詞之前。如 : his English books 他的英語書their Chinese friends 他們的中國朋友( 2)名詞性的物主代詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞,在句中作主語、表語或賓語,能單獨(dú)使用。?名詞性物主代詞?=相應(yīng)的形容詞性物主代詞名詞?人稱代詞與物主代

9、詞?五、知識(shí)拓展1) whose 一般是就物主代詞或名詞所有格提問。(1)提問部分作定語時(shí),用“Whose 名詞一般疑問句?”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg: It's my shirt. f Whose shirt is it ?這是我的襯衫。-這是誰的襯衫?2) 提問部分作表語時(shí),用“Whose 一般疑問句?”結(jié)構(gòu)。eg: The shirt is mine. fWhose is the shirt ?這件襯衫是我的。-這件襯衫是誰的?Module 2一、單詞1. join v.加入(團(tuán)體,組織,參軍)eg: I joined the Party in 1975. 我 1975 年入黨。His bro

10、ther joined the army two years ago. 兩年前他哥哥參軍。接人稱代詞的賓格形式,表示和某人一起進(jìn)行某活動(dòng),還有“連接”的意思。 eg: We want to go to a movie. Do you want to join us? 我們想去看電影, 你和我們一起去嗎?They are planning to join the two towns by a railway. 他們?cè)谟?jì)劃用一條鐵路把兩個(gè)鎮(zhèn)連接起來。2. 辨析 join 與 take part injoin 指加入某黨派、某組織或某社會(huì)團(tuán)體,以及參軍等,還可表示參與某種活動(dòng)。eg: I will

11、never forget the day when I joined the Party.我永遠(yuǎn)也忘不了入黨的那一天。 Will you join us for dinner? 請(qǐng)你和我們一起吃飯好嗎?take part in 指參加群眾性活動(dòng)、會(huì)議、勞動(dòng)、游行等,往往指參加者持有積極的態(tài)度,起一份作用,有時(shí)與 join in 可互換。eg:Will you take part in the English evening?同我們一起參加英語晚會(huì)好嗎? All the students took an active part in the thorough cleaning. 所有的學(xué)生都積極

12、參加了大掃除.3. worry作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“使煩惱,使焦慮”,常接人作賓語。eg: What worried you so much? 什么事使你這么著急?His bad health worried his parents greatly. 你身體不好使他的父母很發(fā)愁。作不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“煩惱、擔(dān)心、發(fā)愁”,常跟介詞about。eg: Tell them not to worry. 告訴他們不要擔(dān)心。They are worrying about the coming exam. 他們正在為即將到來的考試而發(fā)愁。注意:worry about表示"對(duì)擔(dān)心,憂慮”。eg: Don&

13、#39;t worry / be worried about John. He'll be back soon. 不必為約翰擔(dān)憂,他馬上就回來。There's nothing to worry about 沒有什么要擔(dān)心的。二、短語1. would like 想要后面接名詞或代詞,表示“具體要”某樣?xùn)|西。eg: Id like two sweaters for my daughters. 我想給我的女兒們買兩件毛衣。Would you like one of these moon cakes? 你想要一塊這樣的月餅嗎?后面接動(dòng)詞不定式,表示“愿望,喜愛”,常用于有禮貌地提出邀請(qǐng)

14、、請(qǐng)求或建議。eg: Would you like to come to supper? 你愿意來吃晚飯么?2. get on well/along with sb. 表示“與相處的很好”。get on badly with sb.表示“與相處的不好”。eg: I get on well with my classmates and teachers. 我和老師同學(xué)都相處得很好。3. be good at sth. / doing sth. 擅長于 do well in sth. /doing sth. 在 做得好,在表現(xiàn)好eg: I work hard, and I do well at s

15、chool. 我努力學(xué)習(xí)因此在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異。I m really good at football. 我很擅長足球。4. be ready to 愿意做某事;為做準(zhǔn)備eg: We are ready to help them. 我們樂意幫助他們。We are ready to do some cleaning for the new students. 我們?yōu)樾碌膶W(xué)生打掃衛(wèi)生做準(zhǔn)備。三、句型1. make + sb. / sth. + adj. 使某人或某物處于某種狀態(tài)eg: The news made him happy. 這個(gè)消息使他很高興。注意:除了接形容詞作賓補(bǔ)外,還可以接名詞、動(dòng)詞的

16、過去分詞等作賓補(bǔ)。eg: They all want to make Jim their monitor. 他們都想讓吉姆當(dāng)班長。四、語法1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can 的用法can 表示能力," 會(huì) ""能 ",沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。(1) 肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)主語+can +動(dòng)詞原形+其他.否定句結(jié)構(gòu)主語+can t( can not) +動(dòng)詞原形+其他 .eg: Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂會(huì)說一點(diǎn)中文。I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。(2) 變疑問句時(shí),將can 提到主語之前??隙ɑ卮?Yes,主

17、語+can.否定回答 No,主語+can' t.eg: Can the students run in the hallways? 學(xué)生們可以在走廊上跑嗎?What can I do for you? 我能為你做點(diǎn)什么?五、知識(shí)拓展1. play 在樂器前經(jīng)常要加定冠詞the, 但在球類、棋類等體育活動(dòng)前不加任何冠詞。eg: play the guitar 彈吉他play the violin 拉小提琴play football 踢足球play basketball 打籃球2. That s all 僅此而已,是口語中一句非常有用的表達(dá),其用法主要有以下三種:(1) 表示僅此這些或無關(guān)

18、緊要,意為“沒別的 ; 沒事 ; 沒什么 ; 事情就是這樣”。如: A: How are you feeling? 你感覺怎么樣?B: Fine. Just a little tired. That s all. 還好,只是有點(diǎn)累,沒事。 Just a funny dream; that s all. 僅僅做了個(gè)有趣的夢(mèng),如此而已。(2) 表示沮喪或無可奈何,意為“沒有 (別的 )辦法”。eg: If all the seats are booked, we shall have to stay at home. That s all.如果全部戲票都已預(yù)售一空,我們只好呆在家里,沒有別的辦法。

19、(3)表示說話或做事完了 (或暫時(shí)完了)。意為“完了 ;就這些”。如:eg: That s all. Thank you. 我的發(fā)言完了,謝謝。Thats all for today. 今天就到這里吧。Thats all; you may go now. 就這些,你可以走了。3. What about 和 how about英語口語中常用的兩個(gè)省略句型,意思和用法基本相同,后面可以加人稱代詞賓格,名詞或者動(dòng)詞-ing形式,表示怎么樣。( 1 )向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh或請(qǐng)求。eg: How about going out for a walk? 出去散散步好嗎?( 2)征詢對(duì)方的看法或意見。eg: Wh

20、at about the TV play? 那個(gè)電視劇怎么樣?( 3)詢問天氣或身體等情況。eg: What about the weather in your home town? 你家那邊的天氣怎么樣?Module 3一、單詞1. 辨析 wear, in 與 put on.wear 動(dòng)詞,穿著,戴著。強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的狀態(tài)。in 介詞,后接衣服或顏色的詞。著重衣服的款式或顏色。put on 動(dòng)詞,穿上,戴上,強(qiáng)調(diào)穿的動(dòng)作,后接衣服,鞋帽。2. spend v. 花費(fèi),度過 sb.+ spend+時(shí)間/金錢+ on sth. 人在 上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢eg: I spend much time on TV

21、. sb.+ spend+時(shí)間/金錢+ ( in) doingsth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間金錢做某事eg: I spend much time watching Tv. sb.+spend +時(shí)間+ with + sb. 和某人一起度過。eg: I spend my weekend with my friends.二、短語1. look forward to + n. / v.-ing 期待某事/期待做某事eg: We are looking forward to visiting Hong Kong. 我們都很期待去香港玩。I am looking forward to your coming. 我很

22、期待你的到來。2. go sightseeing = do some sightseeing 觀光游覽類似結(jié)構(gòu):go shopping 購物go cooking 做飯go washing 洗衣服go cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生3. have a picnic 去野餐英語中經(jīng)常用have 或 take, make 等動(dòng)詞 + n. 組成詞組。eg: have a good time 玩得高興have a rest 休息一會(huì)take a walk 散步make a presentation 做一個(gè)介紹3. enjoy oneself 過的愉快相當(dāng)于 have a good time, 在口語中,用

23、作祈使句。eg: I m going to enjoy myself during the May Day holiday. 我打算在五一假期好好玩一玩。I hope you enjoy yourself this evening. 我希望你今晚過的愉快。三、句型1. 特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+ be ( am, is, are ) + 主語 + going to + 動(dòng)詞原形eg: What are you going to have tomorrow? 明天你們要吃什么?What are you going to do tonight? I m going to watch the baseb

24、all game.今晚你打算做什么?我想要看棒球賽。四、語法1. 一般將來時(shí)態(tài)be going to+動(dòng)詞原形 打算去做某事肯定句結(jié)構(gòu):主語+be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他否定句結(jié)構(gòu):主語+be not going to + 動(dòng)詞原形+其他一般疑問句:be動(dòng)詞提前 be +主語+going to +動(dòng)詞原形+其他肯定回答:Yes,主語+be. 否定回答:No,主語+be not.eg: I m going to visit China. 我將去中國。Im not going to visit China. 我不會(huì)去中國。Are you going to visit China? 你

25、要去中國了嗎?Yes, I am. /No, I m not.What are you going to do? 你將去做什么?注意:表示計(jì)劃到某地去,謂語動(dòng)詞go 與 going 重復(fù),一般只說be going to +地點(diǎn)。eg: They are going to China for a visit. 他們將去中國游玩。 ?will/shall?shall 只用于主語是第一人稱時(shí),肯定句結(jié)構(gòu):主語+will?+ 動(dòng)詞原形+其他否定句結(jié)構(gòu):主語+will?not?+ 動(dòng)詞原形+其他一般疑問句:will提前??Will?+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其他? ?肯定回答:Yes,主語+will. 否定回答

26、:No,主語+won't (will?not) .?特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+?will?+ 主語 +動(dòng)詞原形+其他eg: We shall go shopping tomorrow 我們明天去購物。Will you go shopping tomorrow? 明天你去購物嗎?Yes, I will./No, I won t.What will you do tomorrow? 明天你去干什么呢?注意: tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next day(week/month/year )soon 很快 right away= at once 立刻,馬上

27、in the future 在將來in future 今后some day= one day 總有天from now on 從今往后 after +時(shí)間點(diǎn) 以后in+時(shí)間段一以后there?be硒將來式?: ?there?will?be?=there?is/are?going?to?be?五、知識(shí)拓展1. 通常泛指 “在下午 /上午/晚上”, 用 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening , 但是特指某一天(具體某一天)時(shí)候的下午/上午/晚上,則需要用介詞on.eg: On Saturday morning, I m going to check my email.

28、 我會(huì)在周六的上午查收郵件。Im going to see a movie in the afternoon. 我下午要去看電影。Module 4一、單詞2. 辨析 bring 、 take、 fetch、 carry bring 意為“帶來”,指把某物從別的地方帶到說話時(shí)的這個(gè)地方來。eg: Remember to bring your book tomorrow. 記住明天把你的書帶來。 take 意為“帶走”,把某物帶到別的地方去。eg: Its going to rain. You d better take an umbrella with you. 要下雨了,你最好帶上一把雨傘。

29、fetch 意為“去取來某物”,它包括一個(gè)往返的過程。eg: Will you go and fetch some water? 你去取一點(diǎn)水來,好嗎? carry 一般指“隨身攜帶的細(xì)小物品”,此外還多用于汽車、火車等交通工具意為“運(yùn)載”的意思。eg: He always carries a pocket dictionary with him. 他總是隨身攜帶一本袖珍字典。The bus carried me to the park yesterday. 昨天公共汽車把我拉到了公園。3. 辨析 maybe 與 may be maybe 副詞,“也許”,相當(dāng)于perhaps。 maybe 只

30、能放于句首,不能放于句中。eg: Maybe he won t come. 也許他不會(huì)來。may be是謂語形式,其中may是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,be是連系動(dòng)詞,表示“也許是”、“可能會(huì)有”等。eg: He may be a middle school student. 他可能是個(gè)中學(xué)生。She may be watching TV now. 現(xiàn)在她也許在看電視。二、短語1. be sure 確信 , 一定,后面可跟不定式或從句。eg: I am sure to go to Beijing tomorrow. = I am sure that I will go to Beijing tomorrow.

31、我明天一定會(huì)去北京。He is sure to visit the Great Wall next week. = He is sure that he will visit the Great Wallnext week. 他下周一定會(huì)去參觀長城。2. be able to能夠做be able to 與 can 用法與區(qū)別: be able to 強(qiáng)調(diào)通過努力而獲得的能力,而can 則強(qiáng)調(diào)自身已具有的能力。eg: She can sing the song in English. 她能用英語唱這首歌。He will be able to sing this song in English i

32、n a few minutes, too.幾小時(shí)之后,他也能用英語唱這首歌。 be able to 強(qiáng)調(diào)一種結(jié)果,而can 只強(qiáng)調(diào)一種可能。eg: Luckily, he was able to escape from the big fire in the end. 幸運(yùn)的是,他終于逃出了大火。If he got here a few hours earlier, I could save him. 要是他早幾小時(shí)來,我還能救他。 be able to 可以有各種時(shí)態(tài);而can 只有一般現(xiàn)在和一般過去兩種時(shí)態(tài)。eg: I could help you last night, but you

33、didn t come. 昨天晚上我能幫你,而你又沒來。Can you see it there? 你能看見它在那兒嗎?He is / was / will be able to help you. 他能幫你的忙. can 可用于表示可能性,推測(cè),允許等情況,而be able to 通常不這樣用。3. not any more = no more 不再 ,側(cè)重程度和數(shù)量eg: You can drink no more. = You can't drink any more. 你不能再喝了not any longer = no longer 側(cè)重時(shí)間eg: He no longer l

34、ives here. = He doesn't live here any longer. 他不住在這里了。三、句型1. there won t be = there will not bethere be結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來時(shí)的否定形式,肯定結(jié)構(gòu)為:there will be.there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的將來時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)也可以用there is going to be 或 there are going to be.eg: There will be a football match on TV tomorrow. = There is going to be a football match on

35、 TV tomorrow. 明天會(huì)有一場(chǎng)電視球賽。2. 句型結(jié)構(gòu): it is + adj.+ to do sth.it 是形式主語,真正的主語為動(dòng)詞不定式后置。eg: It was wrong for you not to help her. 你當(dāng)時(shí)不幫助她是錯(cuò)誤的。(it 代替不定式短語)3. not only but also 用于連接兩個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的成分,著重強(qiáng)調(diào)后者,其意為“不僅而且”eg: She not only plays well, but also writes music.注意:若連接兩個(gè)成分作主語,其謂語通常與靠近的主語保持一致。eg: Not only you bu

36、t also he has to leave. 不只是你,他也得離開。若連接兩個(gè)句子,not only 后面的句子要用倒裝。eg: Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.他不僅說得更正確,而且講得更不費(fèi)勁了。四、語法1. be going to 與 will 的用法區(qū)別(1) be going to 主要用于:表示事先經(jīng)過考慮、安排要做的事情。eg: What are you going to do after school? 放學(xué)后你打算做什么?表示根據(jù)前面某種跡象判斷某事很有可能發(fā)生。eg: Look

37、at the clouds. It s going to rain. 看那些烏云,可能要下雨了。(2) will (shall)主要用于:在書面語中,主語為第一人稱時(shí),常用“shall +動(dòng)詞原形”,口語中所有人稱都可用 will。eg: I ll telephone you after I get home 我到家后給你電話。 will 表示單純的將來概念,表示“將要”,通??捎酶鞣N人稱。eg: Itll soon be Christmas. 很快就到圣誕節(jié)了。I will see you tomorrow. 明天我去看你。表示不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的自然發(fā)展的未來事情,用 will。eg: T

38、om will be sixteen years old next year. Tom 明年就 16 歲了。問對(duì)方是否愿意做某事和表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)或命令時(shí),常用 will。口語中常用 would代替will。eg: Will you please open the door? 請(qǐng)關(guān)門好嗎?表示帶“意愿”色彩的將來時(shí),用 will。eg: Tom will help me with my English Tom 愿意幫我學(xué)英語。2. “There be”句型的一般將來時(shí)肯定句:There will be + 名詞 +其他成份否定句:在will 后面加 not.注意:無論后面加單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)形式,b

39、e 都必須用原形。eg: There will be only one country. 以后將只有一個(gè)國家。There won t be only one country. 以后不可能只有一個(gè)國家。一般疑問句:把will 提到 there 之前。eg: Will there be only one country? 將來只有一個(gè)國家么?Yes, there will. / No, there won t.注意:在口語中,所有人稱都可以用will3. be about to 結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來時(shí)eg: Hurry up! We're about to leave. 快點(diǎn),我們要走了。The

40、football match is about to begin in a few minutes. 再過幾分鐘球賽就要開始了。4. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞常與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用,表示在最近將要發(fā)生某事。這些事是事先安排好的。eg: The Browns are coming to dinner tomorrow. 明天布朗夫婦要來吃晚飯。5. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來動(dòng)詞be;表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞和表示“開始,結(jié)束”的動(dòng)詞(如start, begin, open, finish , end, close等)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用,表示時(shí)間表、節(jié)目單或日程表上所

41、安排好的動(dòng)作或事態(tài)將要發(fā)生,日程不易改變,口氣肯定。eg: School finishes on January 18th. 學(xué)期一月十八日結(jié)束。Module 5、單詞1. take v.拿、米取、穿take 短語:take back收回、接回、退回take down寫下、記下take in收留、包括、理解、欺騙take off脫下、起飛、打折扣take on聘用、雇用、呈現(xiàn)、顯現(xiàn)take up從事、繼續(xù)、占去(時(shí)間或空間)2. else adv. 另外,其他,可以用在“who, where” 等詞后面。eg: who else will go to the meeting? 還有其他人去參加

42、會(huì)議嗎?what else would you do? 你還要做其他事嗎?注意: else 還可以與不定副詞(如: something,anybody, anyone, somewhere 等)連用,但是要放在這些詞之后。eg: Would you like something else to drink?3. way n. 路on the way to+名詞在去的路上on the way+副詞eg: I met him on the way to school.我在去學(xué)校的路上遇見了他。I met him on the way home.我在回家路上遇見了他。 n. 方式,方法the way

43、 to do sth / the way of doing sth 做某事的方法eg: the way to learn English=the way of learning English 學(xué)習(xí)英語的方法4. 辨析 receive 與 acceptreceive 表示“收到,接到”指客觀上被動(dòng)的,強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作,但并不意味著同意接受accept 是“接到,并同意的意思”,強(qiáng)調(diào)意愿上的結(jié)果。eg: She received his present, but she didn t accept it. 她收到了他的禮物,但是沒有接受。注意:有時(shí)用詞要視語言習(xí)慣而定,而不能簡單地認(rèn)為receive =

44、收到,accept=接受。"接受禮物”說成英語是 accept a gift,而“接受教育"卻是 receive an education.5. 辨析 few 與 littlea few 一些其后常加可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,a little 后加不可數(shù)名詞。eg: a few apples 一些蘋果a little water in bottle 瓶子里的一點(diǎn)水6. by 用于表示手段,意思是“用,靠,通過”常和交通工具搭配。eg: by air/plane 坐飛機(jī)by train 坐火車by bus 坐公交車by car 坐汽車二、短語1. try on 試穿eg: Try

45、on the shoes before you buy them. 買鞋之前要試穿一下。try to do sth.“努力去做,盡力做“=try one' s best to doeg: He tried to climb the tree. 他試著努力爬那棵樹。try doing sth.指“嘗試做看看,有何結(jié)果”,暗示在這之前已試過某種方法但不奏效,另試其他方法。eg: If no one answers the door, why not try knocking the back door? 如果沒人應(yīng)門,為什么不嘗試去敲一下后門。2. 辨析 too much 和 much t

46、oo much too 是 too 的強(qiáng)勢(shì)語,用法與too 相同。eg: You are much too kind to me. 你對(duì)我實(shí)在太好了。This one is much too big. 這個(gè)確實(shí)太大了。 too much 是 much 的強(qiáng)勢(shì)語,用法與much 相似。eg: Don t eat too much. 別吃得太多。There s too much water. 水太多了。三、句型1. What can I do for you?=Can I help you?以上兩句都是購物時(shí)候店主用語,可以翻譯為“我能為你做點(diǎn)什么?”或“你想買點(diǎn)什么?”回答時(shí),常用"I

47、'd like /I'd like to buy /I want to buy ”等句子做答語。eg: -What can I do for you?/Can I help you?- I want to buy a present for my mum.2. It takes sb. Some time to do sth. 表示“花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間做某事”。eg: It takes me two hours to finish the work. 我花了兩個(gè)小時(shí)去完成工作。四、知識(shí)拓展1. 感官系動(dòng)詞感官系動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)ook, sound, smell, taste, feel

48、等,當(dāng)這幾個(gè)詞用作連系動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候,它們的意思分別是“看起來”、“聽起來”、“聞起來”、“嘗起來”、“摸起來”,其后直接加形容詞。eg: You look tired this evening. 今晚你好像很累。The soup tastes delicious. 這湯味道不錯(cuò)。2. “數(shù)詞+名詞+of+ 物質(zhì)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)常用來表達(dá)物質(zhì)名詞的數(shù)量。若要表示量的復(fù)數(shù)概念時(shí), 把 (表計(jì)量的)名詞改為復(fù)數(shù)形式。注意:當(dāng)“數(shù)詞+名詞+of+物質(zhì)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與(表計(jì)量的)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)一致。eg: Two glasses of water are on the table. 兩杯水在桌子上

49、。3. 辨析take, spend, pay 與 cost spend 的主語必須是人,常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):spend time /money on sth.在上花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)。eg: I spent two hours on this maths problem. 這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。(2) spend time money (in) doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間(金錢)做某事。eg: They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間。(3)spend money for sth. 花錢買。eg: His mone

50、y was spent for books. 他的錢用來買書了。 cost 的主語是物或某種活動(dòng),還可以表示“值”, 常見用法如下:(1)sth. costs (sb.) 金錢,某物花了(某人)多少錢。eg: A new computer costs a lot of money. 買一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +時(shí)間,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少時(shí)間。eg: Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量時(shí)間才記住了這些單詞。注意:cost的過去式及過去分詞都是cost

51、,并且不能用于被動(dòng)句。take后面常跟雙賓語,常見用法有以下幾種:(1) It takes sb. +時(shí)間+ to do sth.做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。eg: It?took?them?three?years?to?build?this?road.?他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。?(2)doing?sth.?takes?sb.? 十時(shí)間,做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。 例Repairing?this?car?took?him?the?whole?afternoon.?他花了一下午修車。?4.?pay的基本用法是:?(1) pay?(sb.)?money?for?sth.?付錢(給某人)買eg: I

52、?have?to?pay?them?20?pounds?for?this?room?each?month.娥每個(gè)月要付 20 英磅的房租。?(2) pay?for?sth.?付的錢。eg: I?have?to?pay?for?the?book?lost.?我不得不賠丟失的書款。?pay?for?sb.?替某人付錢。eg: Don't?worry!I'll?pay?for?you.?別擔(dān)心,?我會(huì)給你付錢的。?(4) pay?sb.?付錢給某人。?eg: They?pay?us?every?month.他們每月給我們報(bào)酬。?(5) pay?money?back?S錢。eg: Ma

53、y?I?borrow?12?yuan?from?you?I'll?pay?it?back?next?week.?你能借給我12塊錢嗎?下周還你。?Module 6一、單詞1. 辨析 across和 throughacross和through都可表示“從(一定范圍的)一邊到另一邊”,其區(qū)別在于across表示某一范圍的表面進(jìn)行某一動(dòng)作。through表示在某一范圍的內(nèi)部空間進(jìn)行某一動(dòng)作。eg: Be careful when you go across the street. 過馬路的時(shí)候/J、心。It took us two hours to walk through the fore

54、st. 穿過這片森林花了 我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。2. opposite用作介詞,相當(dāng)于 across from在的對(duì)面eg: The post office is opposite the bank. 郵局的對(duì)面是銀行。opposite用作名詞,常用于 the opposite of的反義詞/對(duì)立面eg: Black is the opposite of white.黑與白是相反的。opposite用作形容詞,常用于be opposite to和相對(duì),eg: Her house is opposite to mine.opposite用作副詞eg: He stood opposite.3. cleara

55、dj.晴朗的:清晰的eg: It's a clear day today.今天天氣晴朗。The river has clear water.河里的水很清澈。v.清理干凈eg: Please clear the table.請(qǐng)把桌子收拾干凈。clearly adv.清晰地eg: Mrs Black speaks English clearly.布萊克先生的英文說得很清晰。4. famous adj.著名的be famous for "以出名或著稱“eg: France is famous for its wine.法國以其葡萄酒出名be famous as "作為出名

56、或著稱“eg: He is famous as a football player.他以一名做球運(yùn)動(dòng)員的身份而著名。二、短語1. turn left/right 向左 /右轉(zhuǎn)eg: Turn left, and you,ll find the hospital.常見 left/right 搭配:turn left/turn right 向左 /右轉(zhuǎn);on the left/on the right of.在白向左邊 /右邊;常見turn搭配:turn to. 翻到(頁)turn over 翻身;turn on 打開turn off 關(guān)上;turn up 調(diào)高turn down 關(guān)小,調(diào)低2. get off 卜 T eg: Get off the bus

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