小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)

1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)及第三人稱單數(shù)第三人稱單數(shù)問題般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。第三人稱單數(shù)變化，現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)如下：1. 人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數(shù)。如:He likes watching TV.他喜歡看電視。She has lunch at twelve. 她十二點(diǎn)吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起來(lái)像只貓。2. 單個(gè)人名、地名或稱呼作主語(yǔ)；用第三人稱單數(shù)。如： Han Mei looks like her mother.韓梅看起來(lái)像她的母親。 Beijing isin China.北京在中國(guó)。 Un cl

2、e Wang ofte n makes cakes.王叔叔經(jīng)常做蛋糕。3. 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或"this / that / the/ a +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞"作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，是第.人稱單數(shù)。如： A horse is a useful ani mal.馬是有用的動(dòng)物。 This book is yours.這本書是你的。That car is red.那輛小汽車是紅色的。The cat isLucy's.這只貓是露茜的。4. 不定代詞 some one, somebody, no body, everyth ing, someth ing等及指示代詞this, that作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，

3、第三人稱單數(shù)。 Every one is here. 大家至 U齊了。 There is somethi ng wrong with thewatch.這塊手表有毛病。This is a pe n.這是一支鋼筆 That is an eraser.那是一塊橡皮擦 The bread is very small.。如： The milk is in the glass.6. 當(dāng)數(shù)字或字母作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，看作第三人稱單數(shù)。如："6" is a luckynumber."6""I" is aletter.發(fā)音規(guī)那么動(dòng)詞原形變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)那么與

4、發(fā)音規(guī)律同名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)大致相同，請(qǐng)認(rèn) 真觀察。1、大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在詞尾加“ S'在清輔音后發(fā)音為s，在濁輔音及元音后發(fā)音為 z。如： stop stops s ; make makes s read reads z ; play plays z2、以輔音字母加“ y結(jié)尾的，要先將“ y變?yōu)椤?i ，然后在加“ es讀iz 如：fly flies z； carry carries zstudy studies z; worry worries3、 以“ s, x, ch, sh 結(jié)尾的，在詞尾加“ es，發(fā)音為iz女口：teach teaches iz; watch watches iz4

5、、以“ o結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，卩“ es，讀z女口：go goes z do does z注：下面幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閱螖?shù)時(shí)，原詞的元音局部的發(fā)音發(fā)生了較大的變化，請(qǐng) 注意記憶。女口：1、do du: does dz2、say sei says sez以不發(fā)音字母“ e結(jié)尾的開音節(jié)詞，如果尾音是s，z時(shí)，加“s后字母“e 發(fā)音，與所加“ s 一起讀做iz。女口： close closes iz作業(yè)I. 寫出第三人稱單數(shù)：washmatchguessstudyfinishgosnowcarryII. 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. HeTV every eve ning. (watch)2. We always

6、to school on foot. (go)3. Tom, with his classmates, ofte nfootball after school.(play)4. Your shoesun der the bed. (be)5. here andby me. (come, sta nd)6. His uncle usuallyto work by bus. (go)7. I alwaysup at six in the mornin g.(get)8. Joh nlike his father. (look)III. 完成句子根據(jù)所給中文意思，在空白處填入適當(dāng)詞語(yǔ)完成句子。每空一

7、詞，請(qǐng)直接 在答題紙上完成，不要在此頁(yè)上作答。1. 該吃晚飯了。it ' s tim e to.2. 你想來(lái)點(diǎn)兒面包嗎？would yousome?3. 安娜太小，還不能上學(xué)。ann isyounggo to school.4. 約翰跑得和我一樣快。joh n runsfastme.5. 布萊克太太經(jīng)常在英語(yǔ)上幫助我們。mrs. black ofte nusour en glish .6. 老師讓我們每天說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。the teacher tells usen glish every day.7. 為什么不讓孩子們做他們喜歡的事情？let the childre n do what the

8、y like?答案：二、1. watches 2. go 3. plays 4. are 5. come, sta nd 6. goes7. get, got8. looks三、1. it ' s time to have supper. 2. would you like some bread?3. ann is too young to go to school. 4. joh n runs as fast as me.5. mrs. black ofte n helps us with our en glish.6. the teacher tells us to speak e

9、n glish every day.7. why not let the childre n do what they like?般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法：1、表示經(jīng)?；蛘叻磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.如：我每天吃午飯.I have lunch every day.2、 還表示現(xiàn)在存在的一種狀態(tài).女口：我姐姐是一位老師.My sister is a teacher.3、客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)經(jīng)常 與often 經(jīng)常sometimes有時(shí)always總是 usually 通常等頻率詞連用，也經(jīng)常與 every day 每天，every week每周,every mon th

10、 每月,every term 每學(xué)期,every year 每年,once a week 一周一次，twice a year 一年兩次等表示時(shí)間的 詞連用。三、第三人稱單數(shù)問題一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，即常在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或- es。四、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)分類：1 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)分為be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。1be動(dòng)詞包括am is , are.中文為"是",這三個(gè)詞的用法要隨著主語(yǔ)的變 化而變化。"am"用于第一人稱單數(shù)I； "is"用于第三人稱單數(shù)he,she, it; "are "用于第一人稱復(fù)數(shù)we，第二人

11、稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)(you),第 三人稱復(fù)數(shù)they丨。可以記住以下順口溜：am管"我",is管"，她， 它，他",are管"大家"。一般疑問句和否認(rèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞"am, is , are"放在句首，答復(fù)時(shí)也要使用 be動(dòng)詞；變?yōu)榉裾J(rèn)句時(shí)，把表示否認(rèn)的not放在"am is are" 的后面，其中可 以簡(jiǎn)寫為：is no t- is n't; are no t- aren't ; am not 沒有簡(jiǎn)寫形式。注意：如果are not, is not放在句尾時(shí)，不能使用簡(jiǎn)寫，必須寫出整

12、個(gè)單?詞。.Am I a teacher? Yes, I am. (No, I am no t.)Are you his frie nd? Yes, you are. (No, you are no t.)Is she a nu rse? Yes, she is. (No, she is no t.)否認(rèn)句為：I am not a teacher. You are not his friend. She is nota nu rse.2實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)如果句子的動(dòng)詞不是be動(dòng)詞"am is are" 而是其他實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，疑問句和否認(rèn)句要借助于助動(dòng)詞"do&quo

13、t;或者"does",也就是說(shuō)be 動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形不能同時(shí)使用。這里的"do" , "does"本身沒有什么意義，只是幫助構(gòu)成疑問句和否認(rèn)句.一般疑問句讀時(shí)必須用降調(diào)."do"和 "does"的使用要隨著人稱的變化而變化。請(qǐng)看下面兩組句子，注意區(qū)分他們的共同點(diǎn)和不同點(diǎn)。I go to school every day.I don't go to school everyday.He goes to school every day.He does n't go to scho

14、olevery day.Do you go to school every day?Does he go to schoolevery day?Yes, I do. (No, I don't)Yes, he does. (No, hedoes n't)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，肯定句為：主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的s形式+賓語(yǔ)否認(rèn)句為：主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞doesn't+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ) 疑問句為：Does+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ) 肯定答復(fù)和否認(rèn)答復(fù)也要使用助動(dòng)詞 does.注：1第三人稱單數(shù)用了 does后面就不用動(dòng)詞的s形式了 ,而用動(dòng)詞原形. 2變?yōu)橐蓡柧?要在句首加"do"

15、;變?yōu)榉裾J(rèn)句,要在動(dòng)詞前面加"do not", 可以簡(jiǎn)寫為"don't".課堂練習(xí)、把以下句子改成一般疑問句并做肯定、否認(rèn)答復(fù)。1. I usually get u p at six o ' clock.Yes,. /No,2. We usually write e-mails to each other on Saturday eve ning.3. They have the same hobby. ./ 4.Suhai and Su yang like liste ning to music after school.5. Hele

16、 n usually watches TV in the eve ning./ .二、用詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. What timehis father(do) the work?2. He(get) up at five o ' clock.3. you(brush) your teeth every morni ng.4. What( do ) he usually( do ) after school?5. Tom( study ) En glish, Chin ese, Maths, Science and Art atschool.6. Kitty sometimes(go)

17、to the park with his sister.7. At eight at ni ght, she( watch ) TV with her pare nts.8. Mike( read ) En glish every day?9. How many lessonsyour classmates( have ) on Mon day?10. We often( play ) football in the playgro und.三選擇()1.you have a book?A. Do B. Are C. Is D. Have()2. Theyon a farm.A. worki

18、ngB. is work C. work D. is worked()3. Does Peter like to watch TV?A. Yes, he like B. No, he doesn 't C. Yes, he ' d like D. No,he likes()4. She doesn ' ther homework in the afte rnoon.A. doing B. to do C. does D. do()5. HowMr. Brow nto America?A. do,go B. is,go C. does,go D. does,goes()6

19、. Where ' s my camera? Iit.A. am not finding B. am not seeingC. can ' t find D. can ' tlook at()7. Howhe go to work?Heto work by bike.A. does ;go B. do;goes C. do ;go D. does;goes( )8. you usually late for school?( A.No, A. Do ; I am )9. sheA. Is , leave )10. Mr. Yangteaches ourB. Does ;

20、not C. Are ; I 'm not _ home at six every day?B. Does , leave C. Is , leaves English this term.B. teaches us C. teachs usD. Are ; I arenD. Does , leftD. teach our't答案：二 .1.does, do6. goes 7. watches2. gets3. Do, brush4. does, do 5. studies8. Does, read9. do, have 10. play5 A C B D C6-10 C D

21、C B B現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、動(dòng)詞的ing形式附練習(xí)及答案現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由be的現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式“ am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成，主要用于 以下幾方面。1用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：What are you doing? We are play ing basketball.你們?cè)诟墒裁?？我們?cè)诖蚧@球。2有時(shí)用來(lái)表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行，而說(shuō)話時(shí)不一定正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如：Are they worki ng hard this term?這學(xué)期他們?cè)谂W(xué)習(xí)嗎？We are pick ing apples on a farm these days?這些天我們正在農(nóng)場(chǎng)摘蘋果。3表示即將發(fā)

22、生的動(dòng)作如在最近按方案或安排好要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Come, go, leave, start, arrive等動(dòng)詞常與將來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用表示這種意義。例如：They are goi ng to Sha nghai this Friday.他們這個(gè)星期主要去上海。Tom is coming here n ext week.湯姆下周要來(lái)這兒。4說(shuō)明：不是所有動(dòng)詞都能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的，如：see、like、want、know等動(dòng)詞往往都不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的肯定、否認(rèn)和疑問式及特殊疑問句1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定形式：主語(yǔ) +be(am/ is/are)+do in g+ 其他成分I am singin

23、g . They are writi ng .2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否認(rèn)形式：主語(yǔ)+be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+其他成分I am not singing . They aren ' t writing .3一般疑問句及答復(fù)：be(am/ is/are)+主語(yǔ)+do ing+其他成分Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren' t .Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they aren' t .4)特殊疑問句及答復(fù)：特殊疑問詞+be(am/ is/are)+主語(yǔ)

24、+doing+其他成分What are you doing ? We are playing (要求就提問內(nèi)容具體答復(fù)).縮寫形式如下：I am- I ' m You are-You' reis She sIt is-It ' s We are- We reHe isHe' sSheThey are- They' re動(dòng)詞的一ing形式的構(gòu)成1一般在動(dòng)詞原形末尾加一 ing o例如：workworking, study studying.2以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先去掉e,再加一ing。例女口 :have having, live living.3以

25、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，如結(jié)尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，應(yīng)先雙寫 出這一字母，再加一 ing o 例如：run running, stop stopping, forget forgett ing, beg in begi nning.一、寫出以下動(dòng)詞的ing形式walkliejumpwatchplaysingsmokedancedriverunswimsittiereadeat二、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成以下句子：1. you(fly) a kite? Yes,2. you(sit) in the boat?3. he(talk) with me?4. We(play) football now.5. Wha

26、tyou(do)?6. I(sing) an En glish song.7. Whathe(men d)?8. He(mend) a car.9. These boys (play) tennis on the playground.10. My mother (cook) in the kitchen.三、選擇1. Look. Lucy is a new bike today.A. jumping B. running C. riding D takeing2. The children football.A. is playingB. are playingC. play the D.

27、play aC. don 't watchD. don 't3. They TV in the evening. They do their homework.A. are watchingB. can 't watchingwatching4. Listen! She in the classroom.D. is sing meat.A. is singing B. singC .to sing5. _ _are you eating? I 'm eatingA. What,some B. Which,any C. Where,not D. What,a6.

28、Is she something? A. eat B. eating C. eatting D.eats7. I can 't catch up with the fashion,because the clothes style all the time.A. has changed B. is changed C. is changing D. changed8.Look! The children basketball on the playground.A. plays B. played C. is playingD. are playing9.Jack and Ketty in the lake. Let' s join them,shall we?A. swim B. have swum C. swam D. are swimming10.It 's six in the afternoon. The