初中名詞性從句PPT教學(xué)講解PPT課件

1、Related Conception (相關(guān)概念相關(guān)概念)1.名詞名詞:表示人或事物的名稱的詞叫名詞。表示人或事物的名稱的詞叫名詞。2.名詞在句子當中一般可以作什么成分名詞在句子當中一般可以作什么成分?名詞在句中主要作主語、賓語、表語和同位語。名詞在句中主要作主語、賓語、表語和同位語。The boy is li Ming.主語主語表語表語Mr. Liang , a 24-year-old boy, teaches us English .主語主語同位語同位語賓語賓語在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來該由名詞充當?shù)闹髡Z、在英語的句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，本來該由名詞充當?shù)闹髡Z、賓語、表語和同位語，由一個句子來充當賓語、

2、表語和同位語，由一個句子來充當,這個句這個句子就叫名詞性從句。子就叫名詞性從句。什么是名詞性從句什么是名詞性從句?名詞性從句名詞性從句主語從句主語從句 ( The Subject Clause)賓語從句賓語從句 ( The Object Clause) 表語從句表語從句 ( The Predicative Clause)同位語從句同位語從句 ( The Appositive Clause)請判斷出下列的句子哪部分是從句請判斷出下列的句子哪部分是從句, 并判斷屬于并判斷屬于哪種從句哪種從句:1. What I want to do is taking a bath.2. The news tha

3、t they won the game spread the whole school.3. I dont think (that) he is an honest boy.4. The fact is that he stole the car.5. Do you know the fact that he stole the car?6. Do you know the man who is standing over there?7. It is said that they won the game.( (主從主從) )( (同位語從句同位語從句) )( (賓從賓從) )( (表從表從

4、) )( (同位語從句同位語從句) )( (定從定從) )( (主從主從) )引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞1. I really feel that he needs more experience.2. I want to know whether/if she still lives here.3. What she said is not true.4. Who broke the window has not been found out.5. He asked whose handwriting is the best in our class.6. That is

5、why she left home yesterday.7. Have you heard the news that Mary will be back soon?8. I will give it to whoever needs it.9. It is unwise to give your child whatever he wants.10. Ive just bought five new books; you can take whichever book you like. She said (that) she is going to learn English. I wan

6、t to know whether/if she still lives there. I dont know who all these people are. She wants to know which film I like best. Please tell me where she lives. I am not interested in what he is doing. I am certain that he is at home now. I am afraid he wont come on time. 賓語從句賓語從句在句中充當在句中充當及物動詞及物動詞, 介詞或某

7、些形容詞介詞或某些形容詞賓語的句賓語的句子叫做賓語從句。子叫做賓語從句。賓語從句賓語從句 I dont know （that） you will come here.注意：注意：thatthat在從句中不充當任何成分，在口語在從句中不充當任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常常被省去。但如果從句是或非正式的文體中常常被省去。但如果從句是并列句時并列句時, ,第二個及以后的分句前第二個及以后的分句前thatthat不可省不可省. . We all agreed (that) it would be a mistake not to take his advise. We all think (tha

8、t) she is working hard and that she will surely go to a good college.我不知道他來不來。我不知道他來不來。我想知道他來還是不來。我想知道他來還是不來。你們是在談?wù)撝麃磉€是不來嗎？你們是在談?wù)撝麃磉€是不來嗎？他不在乎天氣是否好。他不在乎天氣是否好。I dont know whether/if he will come.I want to know whether he will come or not.Are you talking about whether he will come?He doesnt care if i

9、t isnt a fine day.注意：在賓語從句中，表示注意：在賓語從句中，表示“是否是否”既可以用既可以用whether,whether,也可以用也可以用if.if.但是，但是，whetherwhether常與常與or notor not連用；作介詞賓語只用連用；作介詞賓語只用whether; whether; 主句是否定句時主句是否定句時一般用一般用ifif。用合適的連接詞填空用合適的連接詞填空1. Wang Hai told me _ he didnt go cycling yesterday afternoon.（how, why）2. Can you tell me _ else

10、 is going to be on duty today?（who, whom）3. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.（that, if）4. He always thinks _ he can do better.（how, who）5. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）whywhothathowhow soon6. They dont know _ we are going hiking.7. She wanted to know _ her co

11、at would be ready the next day.8. I was really surprised at _ I saw.9. I dont know _ so many people crowding round him10. Do you know _ shirt it is?if/whetherif/whetherwhatwhywhose賓語從句中的否定轉(zhuǎn)移賓語從句中的否定轉(zhuǎn)移我認為他不會來這里我認為他不會來這里.I think he wont come here. ( )I dont think he will come here. ( )注意：如果賓語從句是由注意：如果

12、賓語從句是由think, believe, think, believe, imagine, supposeimagine, suppose等詞引導(dǎo)的時候，要將從句等詞引導(dǎo)的時候，要將從句中的否定形式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中去。中的否定形式轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中去。我認為他不會對我撒謊的我認為他不會對我撒謊的.我認為我們不應(yīng)該借錢給他我認為我們不應(yīng)該借錢給他.I dont think he will lie to meI dont think we should lend him money賓語從句中用賓語從句中用it作形式賓語作形式賓語 We think it our duty that we should he

13、lp others. I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two days.注意：如果主句中有形容詞或名詞作賓語補足注意：如果主句中有形容詞或名詞作賓語補足語時，一般用語時，一般用itit來作形式賓語，把從句放在賓來作形式賓語，把從句放在賓補后面。補后面。thatthat不能省不能省. .believe, consider, feel, find, make, think他們覺得要在兩天內(nèi)完成工作是困難的他們覺得要在兩天內(nèi)完成工作是困難的.我們認為每個人都保護環(huán)境是重要的我們認為每個人都保護環(huán)境是重要的.他把每天早上鍛煉

14、身體做為一個規(guī)定他把每天早上鍛煉身體做為一個規(guī)定.賓語從句的時態(tài)和語序賓語從句的時態(tài)和語序1.Could you tell me if it _ tomorrow? A. rains B. is raining C. will rain D. rain 2. The teacher told his students the sun_ in the east. A. rise B. rises C. rose D. risen 3. Peter knew _. A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so m

15、any questions C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris 4. Could you tell me _? A. where is the nearest railway station B. where the nearest railway station was C. where the nearest railway station is D. where was the nearest railway station 5. I really dont know if she _ i

16、t when she _. A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arrive C. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives6. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry, Ive no idea. A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought7. Can you tell me _? A. whats the matter with him B. what the matter with him is C. w

17、hat happened with him D. what with him happened 賓語從句中謂語用賓語從句中謂語用should do的情況的情況: The general ordered that troops (should) set off at once. He suggested that we (should) buy dictionaries. I insisted that he (should) apologize to me. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.（改（改為賓語從句）為賓語從

18、句） Please tell me _ _ _ _.2. What does he do? Do you know? （改為賓語從（改為賓語從句）句） Do you know _ he _?3. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. （改為賓語從句）（改為賓語從句） He asked the boys _ they _ fried chicken.whenthetrainarriveswhatdoesif/whetherwanted4. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know. （改為賓語從

19、句）（改為賓語從句） I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.5. “Do you want to try something new?” Toms mother asked him. （同義句）（同義句） Toms mother asked him _ _ _ to try something new.if/whetherwasif/whetherhewanted6. I think this is a good idea.（改為否定句）（改為否定句） I _ _ this _ a good idea.7. Lucy hasnt decided

20、which trousers to buy.（改（改為復(fù)合句）為復(fù)合句） Lucy hasnt decided _ _ _ _ buy.8. I dont know how I can get to the hospital.（改為（改為簡單句）簡單句） I dont know _ _ _ to the hospital.dontthinkiswhichtrousersshewillhowtoget表語從句表語從句在句中充當表語的從句在句中充當表語的從句(即放在即放在be動詞后面動詞后面)叫做表語從句。叫做表語從句。我們的目的是他能認識到錯誤。我們的目的是他能認識到錯誤。Our purpose

21、 is that he can realize his faults.注意：引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞一般不省略。注意：引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞一般不省略。問題是它是否值得做。問題是它是否值得做。The question is whether it is worth doing.注意：表語從句表示注意：表語從句表示“是否是否” ” 只用只用“whether” whether” 而不用而不用“if”if”試區(qū)分以下句子試區(qū)分以下句子Is this museum what you visited?Is this the museum that you visited?Is this museum the o

22、ne that you visited?注意：這種句子考試時一定要記住這句話：名注意：這種句子考試時一定要記住這句話：名詞前（尤其是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前）一定要有限定詞前（尤其是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前）一定要有限定詞。然后把句子變換成陳述句，接著判斷句子詞。然后把句子變換成陳述句，接著判斷句子是屬于哪種從句再完成。是屬于哪種從句再完成。( (表從表從) )( (定從定從) )( (定從定從) )1. That house is _ the garden tools are stored.2. The reason I dont want to go there is _ Ive just got a new

23、 job here.3. That was _ they had made the mistake.4. Everything in the room is _ it was ten years ago.5. The dream Jack has in mind is _ he will become a scientist in the future. wherethathowwhatthat6. What we care about is _ it will be a fine day tomorrow.7. That was _ they didnt pay much attention

24、 to the teacher in class.8. My opinion is _ everyone of us takes out $5 for Janes birthday present.9. The problem is _ we can be allowed to stay out at such a late hour.10. Her explanation is _ she used to live in the country and she knows it better than us. whetherwhythatwhetherthat問題是誰能幫我學(xué)英語問題是誰能幫

25、我學(xué)英語.這就是她害怕出國留學(xué)的原因這就是她害怕出國留學(xué)的原因.那就是我要告訴你的那就是我要告訴你的.問題是他是否會同意這個建議問題是他是否會同意這個建議.The question is who can help me with my English.That is why she is afraid of studying abroad.That is what I will tell you.The question is whether he will agree with the suggestion.在句中充當主語的從句叫做主語從句。在句中充當主語的從句叫做主語從句。他星期三來這里是

26、肯定的。他星期三來這里是肯定的。 he will come here on Wednesday is certain.他星期三是否來這里還不肯定的。他星期三是否來這里還不肯定的。 he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.That主語從句主語從句 Whether What he said is not true.Who broke the window has not been found out.How he escaped is still a secret.Whom she borrowed money from still puzzle

27、d him. Exercise 11. _ she said puzzled him.2. _ she said such a thing puzzled him.3. _ we should send to take part in the party is to be discussed.4. _ they dont want to drop the plan is clear.5. _ he finished the work in so short time remains a question. 6. _ it is going to snow this evening is not

28、 certain.WhatWhy Whom/whoThatHowWhetherExercise 21. _ (她離開他她離開他) made him sad.2. _ (月球上沒有生命月球上沒有生命) is known to all.3. _ (我在會議上說的我在會議上說的) must be kept secret.4. _ (是否這件事是真的是否這件事是真的) remains a question.5. _ (我們什么時候開會我們什么時候開會) is to be discussed.That she left him That there is no life on the moon What

29、 I said at the meetingWhether it is trueWhen we will have the meeting That he cant attend the party is a pity. It is a pity that he cant attend the party. How much money is needed is hard to say. It is hard to say how much money is needed. That the moon moves around the earth is known to all. It is

30、known to all that the moon moves around the earth. it 做形式主語做形式主語 It + be + 形容詞形容詞 that從句從句It is necessary that 有必要有必要It is important that . 重要的是重要的是It is obvious that 很明顯很明顯It + be + -ed分詞分詞 that從句從句It is believed that 人們相信人們相信It is known to us/all that . 眾所周知眾所周知It has been decided that 已經(jīng)決定已經(jīng)決定用用i

31、t形式主語的形式主語的that從句有以下四種從句有以下四種不同的搭配：不同的搭配：It + be + 名詞名詞 that從句從句It is common knowledge that 是常識是常識It is a surprise that . 令人驚奇的是令人驚奇的是It is a fact that 事實是事實是It + 不及物動詞不及物動詞 that從句從句It appears that 似乎似乎It happens that . 碰巧碰巧It occurred to me that 我突然想起我突然想起Exercise 31. It is a wonder _ you werent in

32、jured.2. It is still unknown _ and _ this took place.3. It makes no difference to me _ he is rich or poor.4. It is not yet decided _ is to take her place as secretary.5. It is said _ this plaza has 15 cinemas.6. It doesnt matter _ you are going to do it.thatwhenwherewhetherwhothatwhetherExercise 41.

33、 你昨天錯過了這部新的電影，真是太遺憾了。你昨天錯過了這部新的電影，真是太遺憾了。2. 他們將要在這里建一個新的醫(yī)院是真的嗎？他們將要在這里建一個新的醫(yī)院是真的嗎？3. 據(jù)說我們國慶節(jié)要放三天假。據(jù)說我們國慶節(jié)要放三天假。4. 他是否掙很多很多錢對我來說并不重要。他是否掙很多很多錢對我來說并不重要。It is a pity that you missed the new movie yesterday.Is it true that they are going to set up a new hospital here?It is said that well take three days off on National Day.It isnt important to me whether he can make a lot of money.同位語從句同位語從句在句中用作同位語的從句叫做同位語從句。在句中用作同位語的從句叫做同位語從句。同位語從句一般放在如同位語從句一般放在如idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth等含有等含有豐富內(nèi)涵的抽象的詞語后面，豐富內(nèi)涵的抽象的詞語后面，用來說明前面用來說明前面那個詞的具體內(nèi)容那個詞的具體內(nèi)容。一般說來，同位語從句。一般說來，同位語從句都用都用t