跨文化交際學(xué)期論文--中美肢體語(yǔ)言異同的對(duì)比

1、TheComparisonofDifferentBodyLanguagesbetweenAmericanandChinaWrittenbyWengPeiJi(2010212747)FromCollegeofLaw,ChongqingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunicationsJune2012Outline1. Introduction2. Classificationsofbodylanguage2.1 facialexpressionandeyelanguage2.2 gestures2.3 Postures3. Similaritiesofbodylangu

2、ageinChineseandAmericanculture3.1 facialexpressions3.2 Signlanguage3.3 Postures4. DifferencesofbodylanguageinChineseandAmericanculture4.1 Eyelanguageandfacialexpressions4. 2gestures5. 3Postures6. ConclusionReference摘要：交流不是只有口語(yǔ)，還可以通過(guò)肢體語(yǔ)言。肢體語(yǔ)言也可以表達(dá)情感，交流思想和交換信息。然而，在過(guò)去很久時(shí)間里，人們只注重口語(yǔ)的重要性而忽略了肢體語(yǔ)言和它的獨(dú)一性。本文致

3、力于中美肢體語(yǔ)言的對(duì)比，來(lái)減少交流中的麻煩，進(jìn)行更有效的交際。Abstract:Thecommunicationbetweenpeoplecannotonlythroughthespokenlanguage,butalsothroughthebodylanguage.Asspokenlanguage,bodylanguagecanexpressfeelings,exchangeideasandcommunicateinformations.However,inalongpasttime,peopleonlypayattentiontotheimportanceofthespokenlangua

4、ge,andignorebodylanguageandit'uniqueculturalconnotation.ThispaperfocusonthecomparisonofdifferentandsimilarbodylanguagebetweenChinaandAmericansothatpeoplecanreducethecommunicationobstaclesandpromoteefficientcommunication.Keywords:bodylanguage,culturaldifference,China,American,communicationsIntrod

5、uctionBodylanguageisameanstousethebodymovementsoractionstoreplaceorassistthesound,orallanguage,orothermeansofcommunicationtocommunicatewithothers.Andthroughpeople'bedylanguagewecangetsomeinformationabouttheirownculture.Psychologistsbelievedthattheinformationdeliveredbyaperson'sappearanceanda

6、ctionsismuchmorettthatofaperson'words.AlbertMebrabian,afteralong-timestudy,concludedthatbodylanguagecanhelpverbal-expressachievemoreeffectivecommunication.Bodylanguagecanrevealpeopleshiddenmindandemotion,BirdWhistellwhoistheleaderinstudyofbodylanguageinthewest.Hebelievesthatamongallmeansofexpres

7、singemotionandattitude,morethansixtypercentisfinishedbyfacialexpression,gestures,postures.ClassificationsofbodylanguagePsychologistsbelievethatbodylanguageincludesthefollowingaspects:facialexpressionandeyelanguageThefacehasbeencalledan"organofemotion”.Comparewithwords,facialexpressionisanatural

8、waytorevealpersonsemotion.Thefaceisthemostsimpleandimportantbroadcasterofemotion.Forexample,Eyebehaviorisanimportantpartoffacialexpression.Peopleoftensaythateyesarethewindowofsoul,becauseeyescangiveusalotofrealinformation.Wecanknowwhetherpeoplelikeusornotfromthewaytheylookatus.Andthroughoneseyesweca

9、nknowwhetherthepayattentiontoourtopicsornot.gesturesEverybodyusestheirhandstocommunicatewithotherpeople.Peoplecanconveyideas,informationandmessagebyusingthemovementandstyleofhandsandfingers.Whatsmostdirectly,weuseourthumbtopraiseotheranduseourmiddlefingertodespisesomeone.Whenexpressingdoubtorhelples

10、sness,westernersliketoshrugtheirshouldersandspreadouthands,butChinesepeopleonlywavetheirhandssimply.PosturesPosturecangiveothersmanymessages.whichisamatterofhowpeoplesit,stand,walkandmove.Frompeoplesposture,wecanconcludesomething.Forinstance,whenweseeapersondoesn'tstandupandtall,wesaythepersonis

11、notenergetic,competentandunconfident.Ontheotherhand,wecanconcludethatapersonisnotconcentratedinwhattheyarediscussingifhestandinglazily,andsoon.SimilaritiesofbodylanguageinChineseandAmericancultureFirst,wediscussthesimilaritiesofbodylanguageinchinaandAmerica.Forinstance:facialexpressionsKnitone's

12、browssaidheisunhappy,youshouldntalktohimtoolong.Shruggedhisnosemeanshedon'tlikewhatheseeorwhatyoudo.Gnashhisteethmeansheisangryormakeuphismind.SignlanguageThesignal"V”means.Wdietoryomeonesucceedorovercomesomedifficulties,someoneusuallydothisgesture.“OKmeans“consenftenuseittoshowourpositivei

13、deas.Andwhensomeonedon'tlikeyouridea,hejustshakinghisheadandsayNo：PosturesWhenamanmeetanotherman,theygenerallyshakehandstoexpresstheirfriendly.Wavedhandsmeansgoodbye,Shrugone'sshouldersmeansnegative,uninteresting.weuseittoshowthatwedon'tknowwhenaskedbyothersinourdailylife.Differencesofbo

14、dylanguageinChineseandAmericancultureDon'tunderstandbodylanguagesfromdifferentculturewillbringaboutalotofmisunderstandingandconflicts.Therefore,itisofgreatimportanceforustounderstandthebodylanguageininterculturalcommunication.Forinstance:EyelanguageandfacialexpressionsAmericanpeoplehaveanoldprov

15、erb:Nevertrustapersonwhocan'tlookyouintheeyes.WhiletheChinesepeopleinconversation,thetwosidesarenotnecessarilytimetotimetolookateachother,somepeoplehavealsodeliberatelyavoidedcontinuedeyecontacttoshowhumility,obedienceorrespect.ThismaybeoneofthereasonsthattheAmericanpeopleinChinathinkChinesearen

16、otwarmandfriendly;butalsoexplainwhytheAmericanpeopleliketotalkfacetoface,andtheChinesepeopletendtohaveaheart-to-hearttalk.ItisahabitofAmericanpeoplethatthetwosideslookateachotherwhiletheyaretalking,buttheyhatestaring,becauseintheirviewthisisaveryrudebehavior.Americanpeoplefindthattheyareasstatuesofr

17、areanimalcamelbeinglookedupanddown,andthestareatthemmakesthemfeelveryangry.However,togazeatpeopleinChina,sometimesmeansonlyacuriosityandsurprise,notrude.2gesturesTheimplicationofgesturesisdiversity,especiallyinculturaldifferences.Herewewilltakesomegesturesforexample.Americanpeoplewiththethumbandinde

18、xfingertoformacircle,means"OK,butinChinatOegestureisoftenusedtorepresentthe."zIndicatethenumber"3"theChinesepeoplehavethumbandindexfingerformacirclefingertipsphase,theotherthreefingersstretchedopen;theAmericanpeoplestraightindexfinger,middlefingerandringfinger,littlefingertothumb

19、catch.The"V"gesture,InAmerica,itmeansvictorybutnotthenumber.InChina,sometimes,peoplethinkthatthisgesturemeansthenumber"2”.Americanrequirealift,thegestureisthumb-upwhenfacingacomingtraffic;inChina,facingavehicle,ridersstretchonearmtotheside,palmforward,makea“stop”gesture,orholdingtheri

20、ghthandorbothhands,sayhellotothedriver.3PosturesIninterculturalcommunication,thepresentationofposturealsoreflectsthedifferencesbetweenChineseandAmerican,suchas,accordingtotheChinesetradition,theseatedpersonisthedominator,sotheyounggenerationsalwaysgiveuptheirseattotheold.However,inAmerica,itisquiteo

21、pposite.Westerncultureemphasizesthe“Ladiesfirst”,soitisacoiMs.seatedbeforethemenpulledoutachairobligationtohelpthem,andthisisalsoacultured,civilizedperformance.Moreover,intheclassroom,theChineseteacherquestions,studentsusuallystandupandanswerthequestions;intheU.S.,studentsgenerallysittoanswertheUnitedStatesteachers.Americanpeoplestoodstampingtheirfeet,meansimpatient;Chinesestomping,showsangry,angry,frustrated,andregret.Americanpeoplearestandingandwalkingwiththepostureofathletesandmilitary,standinguptall,swaggering,bigstridesforward;intheeyesofAmericans,Chinesewithstandard