高三英語復(fù)習(xí)課設(shè)計四中史艷榮

1、高三英語復(fù)習(xí)課設(shè)計 四中 史艷榮高考英語閱讀解題方法指導(dǎo)猜詞技巧學(xué)案一2013考情分析與預(yù)測考綱要求：（1）根據(jù)上下文識別指代關(guān)系 （2） 根據(jù)上下文推斷生詞的詞義（3）理解、捕捉文中的具體信息考情分析考向預(yù)測：2012天津高考猜測詞義2個2011天津高考猜測詞義1個2010天津高考猜測詞義2個根據(jù)說明中：進(jìn)一步加大考查考生利用同義詞或反義詞關(guān)系、構(gòu)詞法、語法和語篇中的上下文理解生詞的力度。預(yù)測：2013天津高考猜測詞義閱讀中2個 任務(wù)型閱讀1個二 具體過程(1)Warming up Translation Heavy newsHeavy food Heavy waterHeavy appea

2、ranceHeavy sleeperHeavy smokerHis father has died.His father has passed away.His old man has kicked the bucket.His beloved father has joined the heavenly choir.（2）How do you deal with the unfamiliar words or phrases while reading or task-reading?1）-2）-3）-詞義理解題常見的題型有:1. What does the underlined word

3、(phrase, term) “” means (no more than words)2. According to the passage, the word “” properly means _.3. The word “” in paragraph refers to _.4. By “”, the author means _.5. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “”?一Ex1 :in the cloze1.He would _ the gold from his grandma.Gilbert is a thief

4、: he would _ the gold from his grandma and not feel guilty。 A rob B pick C take D steal （1.5分）Ex 2 Unlike his brother, John is quite Unlike his brother, who is truly a handsome person, John is quite _. A beautiful B good-looking C plainly D ordinary-looking （1.5分）Ex 3 .readingA good teacher works in

5、 quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand something, they say so.The word “audience” in the paragraph means _.（2.5分）A .students B. people who watch a play C. people who act on the stage D. people

6、 who listen to somethingEx4 in the task-reading（2.分）1.Collecting stamps with themes is especially popular among teenagers because there is a wide range choice for them .What does the word “them ”probably refer to ?(1 word)二 猜 詞 技 巧:利用普通常識和經(jīng)驗 ;利用同位語;利用定義或解釋;利用舉例 利用比較或?qū)Ρ?利用原因與結(jié)果關(guān)系猜詞;利用同義詞或反義詞利用構(gòu)詞法（前綴、

7、后綴、復(fù)合、派生等）;利用上下文的語境三Guessing unknown words/ vocabulary1）1The lion has its “territory” , which is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims（聲稱）as its own. (no more than 3 words)“territory” means _（2分）分析：1） 2）2. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he wont give it up

8、 halfway. (2.5分)The underlined word means_.A. strong B. determined C. kind D. clever分析：1） 2）3. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. todayocelot” means _（2分）分析：1） 2）4.The period of adolescence- the period between childhood and adulthood may be long or short. “adol

9、escence” means_（2分）分析：1） 2）技巧歸納 1Use _Signal words: means, refers to, be called, be known as ,can be defined as, in other words, that is , that is to say, 定語從句.etc.2） 1 Sally was an active girl, while her sister was quite sedate. A pretty B calm C protective D energetic（2。5分）2. Unlike her gregarious

10、 sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends. (1word)（2分）Signal words: as like whereas unlike, but，however, on the contrary, while instead rather than分析：1） 2）技巧歸納2 利用_Ex. Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby.（2分） John usu

11、ally wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.（2分）If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”. （2分）.3） 1 .Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter. （2分）2.Most women in Ghana- the edu

12、cated and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved.（2.5分）The underlined word “illiterate” in th

13、e passage means _. A. Repeated B. reiterated. C uneducated D. sick分析：1） 2）技巧歸納3 利用_分析：1） 2）4）(1)Overwork may cause diseases.over（過分的、過量的）workoverwork“工作過度”。(2)There was a dissatisfied look in thedis “不” + satisfied“滿意的=dissatisfied “不滿意的”。技巧歸納4:利用_ Signal words: un- in-im-（不； 非），dis-（不）， non- （不；非），

14、-less（不； 無）， anti-（反；防）ect. super-（超）， inter-（在之間）， -able（能的）， mini-（極少的，微型的），micro-（極微小的）， re-（再，反復(fù)），sub-（分支的，底下），co-（共同），post- (后)， pre-（前）， trans-（超越；轉(zhuǎn)換）， under-（在之下；低于；不足）， -hood（狀態(tài)；性質(zhì)；時期）， -ish（如的；有點兒的）， -ship（身份；資格；權(quán)力； 性質(zhì)）， -some（易于5）根據(jù)生詞所在的上下文猜測詞義Tom cant play tennis now because he cant find

15、his white sneakers.Tom cant find his_（2.5分） A. money B. bowls C. shoesThe official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer.（2.5分） A. work B. study C. name D. interest分析：1） 2）6）The largest player Shanghai Ba shi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of

16、 choices, such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big favorite of the tourists. The words “deluxe sedans,” “minivans” and “station wagons” used in the text refer to _.（2.5分）A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers 分析：1） 2）Signa

17、l words：for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as-as，include/consist of etc.技巧6：7）She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.（2分）The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow(淺的）.（2分）I feel that since you are my superior（上司）, i

18、t would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .” The word “presumptuous”is closest in meaning to “      ” . （2分）Afull of respect     B rude and too confident  Clacking in experience  Dtoo shy and quiet 分析：1） 2）技巧歸納7：利用_8）生活經(jīng)驗, 生活常識, 邏輯推理W

19、hen you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water。（2分）Metal expands when heated and contracts when cooled.分析：1） 2）技巧歸納8：利用_Conclusion 猜詞技巧1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7 8 根據(jù)近年來高考閱讀理解對同學(xué)們提出新的要求，建議同學(xué)們在以下幾個方面還要加強自我訓(xùn)練！1猜測熟詞新含義例1: The major market forc

20、e rests in the growing population of white collar employees ，who can afford the new service.例2: “It was the best night we had ever had”, said Angela Carraro, who runs an Italian restaurant.猜測熟詞含義除了要求同學(xué)們有較強的語境分析能力外，還要求同學(xué)們有較寬的知識面，對常見有新含義的熟詞要弄清其用法，并將這些詞進(jìn)行簡要歸納整理。 2猜測詞性變換新詞含義When men and women lived

21、 by hunting 50,000 years ago，how could they even begin to picture modern life?    利用熟詞的新詞性來抽象詞義，關(guān)鍵應(yīng)在理解原詞的基礎(chǔ)上，分析它的新詞性，并結(jié)合原詞含義發(fā)揮合理想象，從而概括抽象出它的新詞義。 猜答案能力1、絕對詞否決法;答案項中有絕對語氣詞的一般不是正確答案項。這些語氣詞有: must, always, never, the most, all, only, have to, any, no, very, completely, none, hardly等。2、懷疑詞

22、判斷法：選項中含有不十分肯定的語氣詞一般是正確答案項。這些語氣詞有can, could, may, should, usually, might, most(大多數(shù)), more or less, relatively, be likely to, possible, whether or, not necessarily 等。3、關(guān)鍵詞對應(yīng)法(ABC=ABC法; ABC=ABC法 )選項中照抄原文的一般不是答案項，而同義替換的一般是選項。4、鍋蓋法：較全面、有針對性地表達(dá)文章中心思想的，選項一般是答案項。 A. to be more successful in his career B. t

23、o solve technical problems C. to be more specialized in his field D. to develop his professional skill B“解決技術(shù)問題”；C“深化專業(yè)”；D“發(fā)展職業(yè)技能”。這三項表達(dá)的意思都比較具體，而A項則概括地有深度，包括了B、C、D三項內(nèi)容。選項中表達(dá)意義較具體的、膚淺的（字面意思）一般不是答案項，而概括性的、抽象的、含義深刻的是答案項。高考鏈接集中訓(xùn)練1 Security（2010天津高考 reading A）As Windsor Castle is a working royal palace,

24、 visitors and their belongings should get through airport-style security checks. For safety and security reasons a one-way system operates along the visitor route. In the last part, a “working royal palace” refers to one _. A. still being constructed B. still used by the royal familyC. where the Que

25、en usually works D. where works of art are on show2 When some kind of pain killer(止痛藥） was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（無效的）.The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” means t

26、hat the colours_A. Attracted the customers strongly B Had weak effects on the customersC Tricked the customers into shopping D Caused the customers to lose interest 3 Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unbearable heat , the possibility of g

27、etting lost , the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes . “hazard” means _A. pleasure B. problem C. danger D. attraction4 In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suf

28、fered under competitive pressures from their parents or societyThe underlined phrase “the most vocal” means_A. Those who try their best to win B Those who value competition most highlyC Those who are against competition most strongly D Those who rely on others most for success5. Without examinations

29、, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to thema form of favoritism will replace equality. The word “favoritism"is used to describe the phenomenon that _. A. bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs B. children from well

30、-respected schools tend to have good jobs C. poor children with certificates are favored in job markets D. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success6 . Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. That is to say, if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be

31、 there when we come back. “Object permanence” means that when out of sight, an object _A Still exists B. keeps its shape C. Still stays solid D. is beyond reach7. A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle; instead, it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston

32、 mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months. What does the underlined word "hassle“ probably mean? A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble D. a demand made by guests 8. William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mi

33、ngled yarn（紗線），good and ill together.” The underlined word “mingled” most probably means    .Asimple     Bmixed       Csad       Dhappy9 The house looked quite normal outside, but inside it was very exotic

34、 with fascinating objects on display. As he began putting them into his bag, a god came into the room. It stopped when it saw Buster, then wagged its tail madly and went over to him, licking his outstretched hand. “Good boy,” Buster whispered. “What a great guard dog you are trying to lick me to death.