高一英語各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及重難點(diǎn)解析Unit34

1、高一英語各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及重難點(diǎn)解析Unit3-4重點(diǎn)句型1. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, . you may want to try hiking. Instead和instead 0f的用法2. Say "Hi" / "Hello" / "Thanks" to sb. (for me) 問候的句型3. Is anybody seeing you off? 進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來4. She struggled and struggled, and could not get on

2、her feet. (= keep struggling)5. You should not go rafting unless you know. unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，相當(dāng)于if. not6. By staying at., tourists can help the villagers make money so that they can take care of the fiver and the birds. 目的狀語從句7. She was so surprised that she couldn't move. 結(jié)果狀語從句8. Tree after tree

3、went down, cut down by water. 過去分詞作狀語9. The next moment, the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語10. However, before she could think twice, the water was upon her. It didn't take long before the building was destroyed. before的用法重點(diǎn)詞匯1. means n. 方法；途徑2. experience n. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)3. equi

4、pment n. 設(shè)備4. successful adj. 成功的5. protect v. 保護(hù)6. handle v. 處理7. consider v. 考慮8. benefit n. 利益9. particular adj. 特別的10. effect n. 效果11. combine v. 合并12. unforgettable adj. 不會(huì)忘記的13. advance v. 前進(jìn)14. seize v. 抓住15. struggle v. 奮斗16. fear v. & n. 害怕17. strike v. 敲打18. destroy v. 毀掉19. publish v.

5、 出版20. naughty adj. 調(diào)皮的重點(diǎn)短語1. get away from 逃離2. watch / look out 注意，當(dāng)心3. go for a hike / go hiking 去徒步旅游4. as with 正如一樣5. see off 為某人送行6. on the other hand 在另一方面7. take care of 照顧8. get close / near to 接近，湊近9. tree after tree 一棵又一棵的樹10. as wall as 也，和一樣(好)11. protectfrom 保護(hù)不受的傷害12. be surprised at

6、因而吃驚13. be caught / trapped / struck in 被困住14. take place 發(fā)生15. go through 通過，經(jīng)過；經(jīng)歷(痛苦的事)16. be upon 臨近，逼近17. hold on to 緊緊抓住18. refer to 提到，說到；查詢(信息)19. look into 注視的內(nèi)部；檢查，調(diào)查20. for fear of (doing) sth. 惟恐短語闖關(guān)下列短語都是這兩個(gè)單元學(xué)過的重要短語，請你根據(jù)漢語在橫線上填入一個(gè)正確的詞，每個(gè)詞4分，80分才能過關(guān)，你一定能過關(guān)做好了闖關(guān)的準(zhǔn)備嗎?那么我們就開始吧?l. get _ from

7、 逃離 away 2. watch _ 注意，當(dāng)心 out3. protect sb / sth _ 保護(hù)保衛(wèi)某人(某事物) from4. see sb _ 到火車站、飛機(jī)場等某處為某人送行 off5. on the other _ 另一方面 hand6. as _ as也，還，而且 well7. _ place發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生 take8. _ fire失火 on9. pull sb _ 把往上拽 up10. get _ one's feet站立起來；站起身來 on11. go _ 通過，經(jīng)受。仔細(xì)檢查 through12. _ holiday在度假 on13. travel _ 旅行社代

8、理人 agent14. be _ 逼近，臨近 upon15. _ exercise 進(jìn)行體育鍛煉 take16. _ "Hi" to sb for / from sb 代某人向某人問候 say17. come _ with提出 up18. go _ a hike 去遠(yuǎn)足 for19. be caught _ 受困于，陷于 in20. _ a second 馬上，一會(huì)兒 in21. look _ 往里面看，調(diào)查 into22. refer _ 提到涉及；參考 to23. hold _ 抓住，握住 onto24. sweep _ 沖走，刮走 away25. sweep _ 沖倒

9、，吹倒 down交際用語1. Where would you prefer going.?2. How would you like to go to.?3. Have a nice / pleasant trip !4. Well, I must be off.5. It's all right6. I'm afraid.7. Come on !8. It scares me.9. Don't worry.10. First., next., then., finally.單詞聚焦1. advance的用法構(gòu)詞：advanced adj. 高等的先進(jìn)的，高深的搭配：

10、in advance 在前頭，預(yù)先，事先 in advance of 在前面；比進(jìn)步；超過 on the advance (物價(jià))在上漲【考例】It is said that Miss White had some difficulty in studying the _ maths. A. improved B. developed C. advanced D. increased考查目標(biāo) 本題考查形容詞advanced與近義詞的區(qū)別。答案與解析C “高等數(shù)學(xué)”的英譯是advanced maths，advanced意思是“先進(jìn)的。高級(jí)的”。2. before 的特殊用法 (1) He had

11、 run out of the room before I could stop him.我還沒來得及攔住他，他就跑出了屋子。 (2) Three weeks went by before We knew it. 三周過去了，我們才意識(shí)到。(或：時(shí)間不知不覺已過三周了。) (3) It wasn't / didn't take long before he returned.他沒過多久就回來了。 It won't be long before we graduate. 不要過多久我們就要畢業(yè)了。3. chance的用法搭配： by any chance 萬一，碰巧，或許

12、 by chance 偶然，意外地 take a / one's chance 冒一冒險(xiǎn)，碰碰運(yùn)氣，利用一下機(jī)會(huì)【考例6】 (2005南京模擬)Most of the _are in seasonal work, mainly connected with tourism and agriculture. A. work B. luck C. chances D. services考查目標(biāo) chance的詞義。答案與解析 C chance在本句的詞義是“機(jī)會(huì)”。4. consider v. (1) 考慮 A) consider + n. / doing I consider going

13、 abroad. B) consider + 疑問詞 + to do You have to consider what to do next. (2) 認(rèn)為 A) consider + n. (+as / to be) + n. / adj. I consider Mary as / to be my best friend. They considered Paris the brain and heart of the country. B) consider + n. + to have done I consider him to have acted disgracefully.

14、除了consideras表認(rèn)為外，還有regardas ，look onas，takeas，think ofas5. cost的用法 構(gòu)詞：costly adj. 昂貴的，貴重的 搭配： cost sb. sth. 花費(fèi)某人(多少錢)；讓某人付出(代價(jià))犧牲 at all costs 不惜任何代價(jià)無論如何 at any cost 不惜任何代價(jià)，無論如何 at cost (price) 按成本價(jià)格，按原價(jià) at the cost of 以為代價(jià)，用換來的；喪失；犧牲【考例】They wondered how much this kind of car would _ them. A. pay B

15、. spend C. cost D. waste考查目標(biāo) 本題考查cost和它的幾個(gè)近義詞的區(qū)別。答案與解析 C cost的意思是“耗費(fèi)”，主語是指物的名詞而pay和spend等的主語是指人的名詞。6. effect n. 效果；作用have an effect on sth. His words had a great pushing effect on his students. (1) be of no effect 無效 (2) come into effect 開始生效；開始實(shí)行 比較 affect vt. 影響 The climate affected the amount of

16、the rainfall.7. experience的用法構(gòu)詞: experienced adj. 有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，熟練的搭配: by experience 憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)；從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中 from experience 憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)；從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中 gain experience in 獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn) be experienced in 某方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)友情提示: experience這個(gè)詞作為可數(shù)名詞用時(shí)，解釋為“經(jīng)歷”，作為不可數(shù)名詞用時(shí)解釋為“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”?！究祭?(2005山西模擬) _teaches that he was right. Good friendship is just not easily formed. A.

17、 Knowledge B. Teachers C. Experience D. Parents考查目標(biāo) experience的意思。答案與解析 C experience常為不可數(shù)名詞，意思是“經(jīng)驗(yàn)”。8. fear n. & vt. (1) n. 恐懼 (多作不可數(shù)名詞) His face was growing pale with fear. 憂慮；擔(dān)心的事(可數(shù)) There is no reason for your fears. for fear of 由于怕，以防 He left an hour earlier for fear of missing his train. f

18、or fear (that) 惟恐；怕的是；以防 She worried for fear that the child would be hurt. in fear of 害怕；擔(dān)心 The thief was in fear of the police. (2) v. 恐懼；害怕，接 n. / pron. Cats fear big dogs. 恐懼；害怕，接to do Don't fear to tell the truth. 恐怕；擔(dān)心，接從句 She feared that she might not find him in his room.構(gòu)詞：fearful adj.

19、可怕的，嚴(yán)重的；懼怕的，膽怯的；擔(dān)心的，憂慮的 fearless adj. 不怕的，大膽的，勇敢的，無畏的搭配： be in fear (of) (為而)提心吊膽 for fear of 因?yàn)榕?；以免，怕的?for fear that-clause 生怕；為了防止(某事發(fā)生) have a fear that-clause 擔(dān)心怕(發(fā)生某事) with fear 嚇得，怕得 fear (vi.) for. 擔(dān)心憂慮【考例】(2004江蘇)He got to the station early, _ missing his train. A. in case of B. instead of

20、C. for fear of D. in search考查目標(biāo) fear構(gòu)成的短語的用法和意思。答案與解析C for fear of 常在句中作狀語，意思是 “怕的是。擔(dān)心”。9. fun n. 高興；樂趣；有趣的人或事 (1) for fun 為了高興；為著好玩 I only did it for fun. (2) make fun of 開的玩笑；取笑 It is wrong to make fun of a cripple. 比較 (1) laugh at 笑(某人)；嘲笑 It's unkind to laugh at a person who is in trouble. (

21、2) play a joke on 開(某人的)玩笑10. means n. 手段；辦法 (1) by means of 用；依靠 The water may be carried by means of a pipe. (2) by all means 一定；務(wù)必；(表示同意)當(dāng)然可以，沒問題：務(wù)必，無論如何，千方百計(jì)地 Try by all / every means to persuade him to come. (3) by no means 完全不是；一點(diǎn)也不；決不 This is by no means the first time you have been late. 還有：

22、 by this means 用這種方法； by any means 用一切可能的方法或手段【考例】(MET 1991)Students sometimes support them- selves by _ of evening job. A. ways B. offers C. means Dhelps考查目標(biāo) by means of 短語的意思。答案與解析 C by means of 的意思是“通過某種手段”。11. normal adj. 正常的；正規(guī)的 the normal temperature, normal behavior (1) regular 規(guī)則的；有規(guī)律的 keep

23、regular hours 生活有規(guī)律；按時(shí)作息 (2) common普通的；常見的 Tom is a common name in Britain. 共有的；共同的 have a common interest 有著共同愛好 (3) usual 慣常的；慣例的 It's usual with him to go to the office on foot. (4) ordinary 平凡的；普通的 in ordinary dress12. once的用法 搭配： all at once 突然；同時(shí) at once 立刻，馬上；同時(shí) (every) once in a while 偶爾

24、，有時(shí)，間或 for this once (= for once，just for once) 就這一次； 破例一回 more than once 不止一次，多次 not once 一次也不 once again / more再一次once and again一再，再三 once or twice 一兩次；有時(shí)，偶爾 once too often又(多了)一次 once upon a time從前【考例】(2004上海) _ we have learned something, additional learning increases the length of time we will r

25、emember it. A. Before B. Once C. Until D. Unless考查目標(biāo) 連詞once的用法和詞義。答案與解析 B once在作連詞使用時(shí)意思是“一旦”。13. prefer v. 寧愿；更喜歡 (1) prefer + n. / pron. The boy preferred a detective story. (2) prefer + v. -ing Do you prefer living abroad? (3) prefer + to do She prefers to live among the working people. (4) prefer

26、 sb. to do sth. She preferred him to stay at home. (5) prefer + n. / pron. / doing + to + n. / pron. / doing 喜歡而不喜歡 I prefer the town to the country. / While he was in the office he preferred doing something to doing nothing. (6) prefer to do.rather than do = would rather do . than do. 寧愿而不愿 I prefe

27、r to walk there rather than go by bus. (7) prefer + 從句(謂語動(dòng)詞用should do，should可省略) She preferred that he should do it in the kitchen.14. protect的用法 構(gòu)詞：protection n. 保護(hù)(者/物)，防御 搭配：protect sb from / against 防止遭受；使免于，保護(hù)使不受【考例】 (MET 1992) Clarke was greatly admired at the club for the successful _. A. sel

28、f-satisfaction B. self-protection C. self-respect D. self-service考查目標(biāo) protect及其派生詞的詞義。答案與解析B self-protection是名詞，意思是“自我保護(hù)”。15. separate的用法 構(gòu)詞：separation n. U分開，分離 搭配： separate A from B 把A和B分開 A is separated from B by A和B為所分開阻隔 separate sth (up) into 把分成(幾分)辨析：separate; divide; part 都含“分開”的意思。separate

29、 指“把原來在一起的人或物分開”。例如: Separate those two boys who are fighting, will you? (你)把那兩個(gè)打架的孩子拉開，好嗎?divide 指“施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整體分成若干部分”。part指“把密切相關(guān)的人或物分開”，還有“分手”之意?！究祭?NMET 2001)As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed考查目標(biāo) 動(dòng)詞separate的詞義。答案與解析 A separated和get

30、搭配有被動(dòng)意義，表示“被隔開；被分隔”。牛刀小試1用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：(advance, means, cost, protect, fear, separate)1. The teacher improved the students' English by _ of dictation and recitation. (means)2. All the goods _me almost half a million dollars. (cost)3. We must _ the wild animals from the hunting. (protect)4. Every

31、baby should be _ after he is horn. (separated)5. None of them _ death when the enemy came into the village. (feared)6. There are too many people, so you should have bought a ticket in _. (advance)詞語比較1. wear, put on, have on, dress, be in, try on (1) wear v. 穿著；戴；蓄須(發(fā))；磨損；(臉容)呈現(xiàn)，顯出 He is wearing an

32、overcoat today. * wear out (把) 穿破；(把) 用壞；(使) 疲乏；(使) 耗盡I have worn out my shoes. / My patience wore (was worn) out. (2) put on 穿上；戴上(側(cè)重穿著的動(dòng)作) Put on your sweater, otherwise you will feel cold. (3) dress vt. 給穿衣服 n. 衣服；連衣裙 dress sb. (in sth.) 或 be dressed (in sth.) 注意：穿的衣服接在in之后。Mother dressed her bab

33、y and then they went downstairs. (4) have on 表示穿著的狀態(tài)，注意不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)。 At the Spring Festival, all children have on new clothes. (5) be in表示穿著的狀態(tài) There was a girl in red. (6) try on 試穿 Mother was trying on a new dress.2. strike, hit, beat (1) hit vt. 打；敲；擊；擊中；射中 He hit a ball over the fence. / The stone hit

34、 him on the head. 使受到打擊 The bad news hit every one hard. (2) beat vt. & vi. 連續(xù)有節(jié)奏地打；敲The rain heat against the window. (心)跳動(dòng) His heart had stopped beating. (鳥翼) 撲動(dòng) The bird beat its wings rapidly as it flew on. 打??；打贏；取勝 Our champion can beat all runners in the country. (3) strike vt. & vi. 打

35、；敲；擊；砍；打中；擊中 He struck me with his fist. The house was struck by lightning. 發(fā)起進(jìn)攻；襲擊 He moved away as the animal struck. 撞；觸(礁) His head struck the table as he fell. 擦(火柴) I struck a match and held it to his cigarette. (某種想法) 忽然出現(xiàn)；忽然想起，相當(dāng)于occur to。 A happy thought struck her. 給人深刻印象(常用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)) I was st

36、ruck by her beauty. 罷工 They are striking for higher pay. (鐘)敲(響) We waited for the clock to strike six.3. complete, finishcomplete 可作形容詞，表示“徹底的；全面的”。complete與finish表示“完成”時(shí)的區(qū)別。(1) complete 作及物動(dòng)詞，只接 n. 或 pron.，常用于完成預(yù)定的任務(wù)，工程建設(shè)等The railway is not completed yet.(2) finish vi. / vt. 指完成，結(jié)束一件事情；可接 n. 或doin

37、g。如：finish one's homework / middle school / writing the book短語歸納1. cut down (1) 砍倒 If you cut down all the trees you will rain the land. (2) 減少；削減 I have decided to cut down my smoking.2.含get的短語 get back 回來，恢復(fù)，送回 get off下來，動(dòng)身，起飛 get up 起床，站起來 get on 上(車) get on / along with 與某人相處某事的進(jìn)展 get togeth

38、er 聚首，碰頭 get away from 逃離 get on one's feet 站起來 get down 下來 get on well with 與相處融洽 get married 結(jié)婚 get to 到達(dá) get through 通過，接通 get down to 開始著手做某事 get across (使)通過 get(a)round 傳開，說服 get in 進(jìn)入。收獲 get out 出去，逃脫例句How are you getting along with your business? 生意進(jìn)展如何? / If you take Mary out for a driv

39、e you must promise to get her back for her music lesson. 如果你帶瑪麗去兜風(fēng)的話，你必須答應(yīng)帶她回來上音樂課。/ I can't get my boots off, for they are too tight. 我脫不掉靴子，它太緊了。/ We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time. 在圣誕期間我們盡量一年至少聚會(huì)一次。/ When one has business on hand it is hard to get away from ho

40、me. 如果一個(gè)人手頭有事，離開家很難?！究祭?2004遼寧) The final examination is coming up soon. It's time for us to _ our studies A. get down to B. get out C. get back for D. get over考查目標(biāo) 此題主要考查get短語。答案與解析A get down to 意為“開始著手做某事”；get out 意為“離開，擺脫”；get back for 意為“回去拿”；get over意為“克服，渡過”。本句話意思是：期末考試就要到了，我們該開始學(xué)習(xí)了?！究祭?

41、NMET 1993)Readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word. A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through考查目標(biāo)此題主要考查get短語。答案與解析C get over 意為“痊愈，克服”；get in 意為“插話”；get along 意為“進(jìn)展繼續(xù)”；gel through 意為“接通。辦完”。本句話意思是：讀者不必準(zhǔn)確知道每個(gè)詞的意思就能繼續(xù)下去。3. get away (from) (1) 擺脫 Ways must be foun

42、d to get away from poverty. (2)走開；離開 She didn't get away until nine last night. (3)逃走，使離開The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away. (4)拿走 Get all thee party dishes away!4. get close to (1) close adj. 靠近；接近 The church is close to the shops. 親密；密切 Are you a close friend of theirs? (2) close a

43、dv. 靠近；接近 He was standing close to the door. (3) close v. 關(guān)上；關(guān)閉(不開發(fā))；結(jié)束 She closed her eyes. / Her eyes closed. (閉上) (4 ) closely adv. 緊密地；仔細(xì)地；密切地 He got closely in touch with the magazines of today. The little baby was closely looked after by her.比較 (1) close 與 closely 作副詞時(shí)，close含具體之意，closely 含抽象之意

44、。 (2) 類似的詞組有 high (高) - highly (高度地)，deep (深深地) - deeply (深入地)，wide (很開，寬) - widely (廣 泛地)，low (低的)- lowly (低賤的) (作形容詞)5. hand in 交上去(給老師或上級(jí))；交來(hand v.) Each student has to hand in a composition once a week. 比較 (1) hand down 傳下來；傳給 Our father handed down these customs to us. (2) hand onto傳給，傳遞They

45、will hand the photograph to those who have not seen it. (3) hand out 發(fā)給大家；散發(fā) The teacher handed out the books at the beginning of the lesson6. instead of 代替 (1) instead of + n. / pron. Give me the red one instead 0f the green one. (2) instead of + doing We walked down the stairs instead of taking th

46、e elevator. (3) instead of + 介詞短語 He studies in the evening instead of during the day. 比較 (1) instead adv. 作為替代 (而)，代替 If Harry is not well enough to go with you, take me instead. (2) rather than 而不是，與其寧愿 He ran rather than walked. (3) in place of 代替，而不用The Chinese use chopsticks in place of knives

47、and forks.7. 含take的短語 take a picture 照相，拍照 take a taxi / bus, etc. 打的(坐公交車等) take away 拿走，奪取，使離去 take care of 小心，照料，保管 take off 脫，去掉，取消，起飛 take out 拿出，帶出去 take one's place 就坐，坐某人的座位，代替某人的位置 take place 發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生 take exercise 做運(yùn)動(dòng) take a seat 坐下 take turns 輪流 take an active part in 積極參加 take a message

48、 捎口信 take on 從事，呈現(xiàn) take the place of 取代，代替 take apart 拆開 take down 拿下，記下 take.for. 誤認(rèn)為 take in 吸收，接納 take up 拿起從事占據(jù)例句 Father was convinced that Peter was unhappy at boarding school, and made arrangements to take him away. 父親確信彼得在寄宿學(xué)校不開心，決定把他帶走。/ Will you lake care of buying the wine for tonight'

49、s party? 你負(fù)責(zé)為今晚的晚會(huì)買酒水好嗎? / The boys got into the car and took off for the drug store. 男孩們進(jìn)到車?yán)?，開車去了藥店。/ He took my place in the queue so that I could go and get something to eat. 他替我排好了隊(duì)，以便我能夠回去弄點(diǎn)兒吃的。8. used to (1) used to do sth. 過去常常(現(xiàn)在已不如此) We used to grow beautiful roses. 注意：否定句和疑問句有兩種 You usednt

50、 to make that mistake. She didn't use(d) to do it, did she? You used to smoke a pipe, didn't you? / use(d) n't you? (2) be / get / become used to + n. / doing 習(xí)慣于 I have always been used to hard work. He got used to living in the country. (3) be used to do 被用來做 This knife is used to cut

51、bread. 表示“過去常?！睍r(shí)，used to與would區(qū)別： (1) would 只強(qiáng)調(diào)“過去常?！?，used to 說明現(xiàn)在不是如此。 The old woman would sit there for hours doing nothing. (2) would 只接行為動(dòng)詞，used to 可接行為動(dòng)詞和表狀態(tài)的詞。如：be, like, know, have。There used to be a temple at the foot of the mountain.9. watch out 當(dāng)心；注意 You'll be cheated if you don't

52、watch out. (1) watch out for = look out for 提防；當(dāng)心 You must always watch out for the traffic here! (2) watch over 照看；看守；負(fù)責(zé) The mother bird is watching over her young.10. 含“動(dòng)詞 + out”短語 come out 出來，出版，傳出 go out 出去，熄滅，不時(shí)興 look out 當(dāng)心，注意 take out 拿出，取出，帶出去 rush out 沖出去，匆忙大量生產(chǎn) try out 嘗試，試驗(yàn) watch out 小心 w

53、ear out 穿破，用壞，(使)疲乏，消磨 find out 找出，查出 make out 填寫，完成設(shè)法應(yīng)付 get out 出去，逃離，泄露，公布 pick out 看出，選出 think out 想出 give out 發(fā)出，筋疲力盡 set out出發(fā)，陳述例句Please go out and tell the children to make less noise. 請出去告訴孩子們不要吵鬧。/ These bicycles have been rushed out and not up to our usual standard. 這些自行車匆忙大量生產(chǎn)，沒有達(dá)到我們的正常標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

54、。/ Watch out. The train is coming. 小心，火車來了。/ Your will wear out your patience in time, my friend. 朋友，最終我們會(huì)沒有耐心的。【考例】(2005湖北) This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can _ my father. A. find out B. pick out C. look out D. speak out考查目標(biāo)此題主要考查out構(gòu)成的短語意思區(qū)別。答案與解析B pick out意為“挑選，辨別出”；find out意為“找出發(fā)現(xiàn)”；look out意為“留神，注意”： speak out意為“大聲說出”。牛刀小試2請根據(jù)句意，選用所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空：(get away，take up，take on，think out，get down to)1. - Shall we set off right now? - Sorry. I'm too busy to _ for the moment. (get away)2. The final ex