新課標(biāo)高考英語熱點動詞十五類

1、.新課標(biāo)高考英語熱點動詞十五類 動詞是英語中最活躍的詞類，是句子的核心成分。此外，英語動詞的變化較多，形式頗為復(fù)雜，是英語學(xué)習(xí)的難點之一。歷屆高考英語試題常把動詞作為測試的重點，在單項填空題中所占比例在50%以上。我們通過對近十年來的高考英語試題進行分析，歸納常考動詞十五類，供大家參考。一、連系動詞類連系動詞按其所表示的意義可分為以下3種： 1變化類表事物發(fā)展變化的過程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。 2感覺類表人體部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound appear, seem, look等。 3狀態(tài)類表事物所處

2、的狀態(tài)，如keep, come, run, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。 連系動詞的作用是后接形容詞或相當(dāng)于形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)作表語。除了少數(shù)幾個（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于進行時態(tài)和被動結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： The mixture is tasted terrible.（誤） The mixture tastes terrible（正） 【高考例題】(1) -Do you like the material? -Yes, it _ very soft. (NMET94) （西安分卷3） A. is feeling B. felt C

3、. feels D. is felt (2) Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will _ fresh for several days. (NMET 03) A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed (3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. (04春季高考上海卷） A. seat B. seating C. seated D

4、. to be seating (4) Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _ run over by a car. (02高考北京卷） A. have B. get C. become D. turn (5) Happy birthday, Alice. So you have _ twenty-one already. (04天津卷） A. become B. turned C. grown D. passed (6) Sarah, hurry up. I'm afraid you can

5、't have time to _ before the party. (04全國卷II) A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change (7) 0n hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _ pale. (04湖北卷） A. got B. changed C. went D. appeared (8 )The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to th

6、e beauty of nature. (04上海卷） A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt (9) Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health _ poor. (02春上海卷）A. proves B. remains C. maintains D. continues (10) I love to go to the seaside in summer. It _ good to lie in the sun or swim in the cool sea. A. does

7、B. feels C. gets D. makes二、感官動詞類 ?？嫉母泄賱釉~有see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, find, catch等。感官動詞的主要作用是后接非謂語動詞的不同形式作賓語補足語，表達不同的含義。 1后接不帶to的不定式表示一個發(fā)生過或者還沒發(fā)生具體的動作。 I often heard the song sung, but I have never heard you sing it. When you go to watch the football watch, you will enjoy seeing the Chin

8、ese football team win. 2后接V-ing形式表伴隨的動作。 Seeing the sun rising above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy. Hearing this, I felt my heart beating fast. 3后接V-ed形式表被動意義。 After his return twenty years later, he found his home town greatly changed. Although I had learnt some English, I had n

9、ever heard a word of it spoken. 【高考例題】 (1) The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. (NMET 2000) A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out (2) A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. ( NMET 03) A. smoke B. smoking C. to s

10、moke D. smoked (3) The missing boys were last seen _ near the river. A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play (4) The salesman scolded the girl who was caught _ and let her off. (NMET93) A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C .to steal D. stealing (5) He looked around and caught a man _ his han

11、d into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting (04春北京卷） 三、使役動詞類 表“致使”意義的動詞稱之為使役動詞，如make, let, have, keep, leave, set, send等。使役動詞的作用是后接非謂語動詞的不同形式作賓語補足語，表達不同的含義。分以下三種情況： 1. make, let have等后接不帶to的不定式，表“使讓某人某物做某事”。 Don't make him do it if he doesn't want to. If yo

12、u have any problems, just let me know. 在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式須帶to，但是have不用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)中. He was made to apologize to the guest. 2. have, keep, leave, send, set, get等后接V-ing形式，表持續(xù)性動作。 I'm sorry to keep you waiting for so long. Why do you have him worrying about his lessons? 3. have, keep, leave等后接V-ed形式，表被動含義。 He di

13、dn't keep on asking me the time until he had had his watch repaired. I'll keep you informed as soon as I have the news. 【高考例題】 （1)Don't leave the waterwhile you brushyour teeth. (04天津卷） A. run B. running C. being run D. to run (2)Laws that punish parents for their children's actionsa

14、gainst the laws get parents(04重慶卷） A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry (3) -Why did you go back to the shop? -I left my friend _ there. (03春安徽內(nèi)蒙古卷） A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits (4) It was so cold that they kept the fire _ all night. (NMET91) A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned

15、(5) -Good morning, can I help you? -I'd like to have this package _，madam. A. be weighed B. weighing C. weighed D. to weigh (NMET89) (6) The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself _(NMET91) A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard (7) As you have never been there before, I

16、9;ll have someone _ you the way. (94上海卷） A. show B. to show C. showing D. showed (8) Paul doesn't have to be made _He always works hard. (NMET95) A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning (9) A computer can do only what thinking people _(99上海卷） A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it D.

17、having it done (10) Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had _ went wrong. (98年上海卷） A. it B. it repaired C. repaired D. to be repaired四、含情感色彩的動詞 這類動詞有excite, inspire, encourage, interest, satisfy, delight, please, move, frighten, surprise, amaze, astonish, shock, worry

18、, astonish, disappoint, discourage, exhaust, puzzle, tire, terrify等。情感動詞后接指人的名詞或代詞作賓語，有V-ing和V-ed兩種形式，在句中作賓語和表語，V-俄ed形式指人，V-ing形式則指事物。 The story was so moving that everyone present was moved to tears. What disappointing result! We were all disappointed with it. Climbing a hill was tiring and we were

19、 tired when we reached the summit. 【高考例題】 (1) Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does _ his boss. (2000春北京安徽內(nèi)蒙古卷） A. serves B. satisfies C. promises D. supports (2) -I'm very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice smells delicious. -Mm, it does have a _ smell. (02春NME

20、T ) A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant (3) Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. (03春北京卷） A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring (4) It is believed that if a book is_, it will surely _ the reader. (03上海聾）

21、A. interested; interest B. interesting；be interested C. interested；be interesting D. interesting; interest (5) After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home _.(04春上海卷） A. being exhausted B. exhausted C. exhausting D. having exhausted五、后接不定式動詞類 afford, agree, choose, determine, expect, d

22、ecide, learn, offer, mange, hope, want, wish, promise, refuse, fail, pretend, happen等動詞，后跟不定式作賓語。 Thank you for offering to help, but I can manage myself. He learned to ride a bicycle when he was a small boy. 【高考例題】 (1) We agreedhere but so far she hasn't turned up yet. (NMET95) A. having met B.

23、 meeting C. to meet D. to have met (2) Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. (NMET92) A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking (3) I don't know whether you happen，but I'm going to study in the U S A this September. (04遼寧卷） A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear

24、D. to have heard (4) She pretendedme when I passed by. (NMET89) A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen (5) Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears _ everything. (01高考上海卷） A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told六、后接V-ing形式動詞類 該類動詞?？嫉挠衋ppreciate,

25、 avoid, bear, consider, dislike, delay, enjoy, escape, finish, hate, imagine, keep， mind, miss, practise, postpone, resist, risk,' stand, suggest 等。這些動詞須接V-ing形式作賓語。例如； I don't mind waiting, but I've got to stand in the cold wind. Have you considered making some necessary changes to your

26、 plan? Only by practising speaking English every day can you expect to improve your spoken English. 【高考例題】 （1) I would appreciate _ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. you're calling (2) While shopping, people sometimes can't help _ into buying something they d

27、on't really need. (96年上海卷） A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded (3) He has always insisted on his _ Dr. turner instead of Mr. Turner. (92上海卷） A. been called B. called C. being called D. having called (4) I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island. (04年

28、上海卷） A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time (5) Do you mindalone at home? (94年上海卷） A. Jane leaving B. Jane having left C. Jane's being left D. Jane to be left (6) I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. (NMET91) A. sail B. to sail C. sai

29、ling D. to have sailed 七、后接不定式與V-ing形式意義不同動詞類 remember, try, regret, mean, forget, stop, go on, can't help等后接不定式與V-ing形式作賓語，表達含義不同。見下表：動詞接動名詞作賓語接不定式作賓語Remember 過去發(fā)生的動作 將來的動作try 嘗試做某事 努力做某事regret 對做過的事表示后悔 對要做的事表示遺憾mean 意味著做某事 企圖（打算）做某事can't help 禁不住做某事 不能幫助做某事go on 繼續(xù)做未完成的事情 做完一件事后，接著做另一件事fo

30、rget 忘記以前曾做過某事 忘記做某事stop 中斷正在做的事情 中斷正在做的事去做別的事 例如： I remember being pad, but I've forgotten the exact amount. Please remember to send me a photo of your son the next time you write to me. I don't really mean to work here, which means leaving the job soon afterwards. 【高考例題】 （1）-The light in t

31、he office is still on. (NMET91) -Oh, I forgot _. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off (2) -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. (NMET95) -Well, now I regret _ that. A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done (3) She can't hel

32、pthe house because she's busy making a cake. (97上海卷） A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned (4) -1 usually go there by train. (NMET92) -Why not _ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going (5) -Let me tell you something about the journalfists

33、. -Don't you rememberme the story yesterday? (99年高考上海卷） A. told B. telling C .to tell D. to have told (6) The library needs _, but I'll have to wait until Sunday. (NMET92) A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. being cleaned D. clean (7) 1n some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour.

34、 (02春上海卷） A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting (8) She reached the top of the hill and stopped _ on a big rock by the side of the path. (NMET90) A. resting B. to have rested C. rested D. to rest (9) Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one. (NMET89) A. to do B. doing C.

35、with D. to be doing （Key: BDADB RADA)八、進行時態(tài)表將來意義動詞類 這類動詞一般為表位置移動或方向性動詞，如go,come, start, arrive, take, leave, move等。例如： When are going off to for Shanghai? Mary as well as her parents is leaving for California next month. 【高考例題】 (1) I've won a holiday for two to Florida. I _ my mum. (01春NMET) A.

36、am taking B. have taken C. take D. will have taken (2) -What were you doing when he came to see you? (89上海卷） -I had just put on my overcoat and _ visit a friend. A. leaving B. was left C. left D .was leaving (3) -What were you doing when Tony phoned you？ -I had just finished my work and _ to take a

37、shower. (04天津卷） A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting 九、主動表被動動詞類 英語中有些動詞可用其主動形式表達被動含義，可分為以下三種情況： 1某些實義動詞的主動形式后跟副詞表示被動意義，這類動詞有sell, wash, write, last, read, wear等。這種“動詞副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，常表示事物內(nèi)部特有的屬性。 This kind of cloth washes well and lasts long. The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift w

38、rites smoothly. Written in simple English, this article reads easily. 2某些及物動詞轉(zhuǎn)為不及物動詞后，其主動形式表示被動意義，如open（打開，營業(yè)），close（關(guān)門），shut（關(guān)閉），cut（切割），weigh重), act（上演）等。 The door won't shut. This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons. 3某些不及物動詞，如happen, occur, cost以及短語，如come out（出版

39、），come up（出現(xiàn)），come into being（產(chǎn)生）come to one's mind想起），turn out（證明是），come about（發(fā)生），break out姆發(fā)），belong to (屬于）等，本身表被動含義，所以它們常用主動形式。 The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century. Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me to

40、phone you. 【高考例題】 (1) The evening news comes on at seven o'clock and _ only thirty minutes. (04全國卷II) A. keeps B. continues C. finishes D. lasts (2) -Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard? (02北京卷） -No, dear. They don't _ well. Put them in the fridge instead. A. keep B. fit C. get D. l

41、ast (3) Books of this kind _ well.（99上海卷） A. sell B. sells C. are sold D .is sold 十、虛擬語氣動詞類 insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand等后接引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，謂語動詞須用“(should)動詞原形”。 The guard at the gate insisted that everyone should obey the rules. The rule requires that ever

42、yone, young or old, man or women, have his car checked once a year. 【高考例題】 (1) -How do you _ we go to Beijing for our holidays. -I think we'd better fly there. It's much more comfortable. (04福建卷） A. insist B. want C. suppose D. suggest (2) Jane's pale face suggested that she _ ill, and h

43、er parents suggested that she _ a medical examination. (94上海卷） A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had D. was; has (3) _ sent to work here? (02上海卷） A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should 十一、省略替代類 believe, think, su

44、ppose, guess, hope, expect, imagine, would like/ love, be afraid等動詞用于簡略回答中，后接so來替代肯定分句，用not來替代否定分句。或接to來替代前面內(nèi)容相同的不定式，表示看法、意見、設(shè)想、打算等。例如： -Do you think Norman would have lent me his car I had asked him to? -Yes, I ,think so. -Will you be able to come to my birthday party? -I'd love to, but I'm

45、 too busy. 注意：believe, think, suppose, guess等用于否定回答時，既可以說I believe (think, suppose guess) not，也可以說I don't believe (think, suppose guess) so，但用hope, expect, be afraid作否定回答時，只能說I hope (expect) not以及I'm afraid not, 【高考例題】 (1) -I believe we've met somewhere before. (2000春季北京、安徽、內(nèi)蒙古卷） -No, _.

46、 A. it isn't the same B. it can't be true C. I don't think so D. I'd rather not (2) -The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they? (03春北京卷） -_.A. I guess not so B. I don't guess C. I don't guess it D. I guess not (3) -Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend

47、? -_. (NMET94) A. I don't believe B. I don't believe it C. I believe not so D. I believe not 十二、否定轉(zhuǎn)移類 think, believe, guess, suppose, imagine, expect等動詞后接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，從句若為否定結(jié)構(gòu)，常將否定詞not前移到主句中。 I don't think it is possible to learn a foreign language well without much memory work. He doesn

48、't think Tom will make an excellent player. 當(dāng)該結(jié)構(gòu)的主句主語為第一人稱時，變?yōu)榉匆庖蓡柧?，后半句的主語和謂語簡略形式應(yīng)與從句保持一致，否則與主句保持一致。例如： I don't think there is anything else I need, is there? He doesn't believe he will be able to solve the problems by herself, does he? 【高考例題】 (1) I don't suppose anyone will voluntee

49、r, _？ (01上海卷） A. do I B. don't I C. will they D. won't they (2) Mrs. Black doesn't believe her son is able to design a digital camera,_？(02上海卷） A. is he B. isn't he C. doesn't she D. does she 十三、帶介詞t0的動詞短語類 這類短語有be (get) used to, lead to, devoteto, look forward to, stick to, obje

50、ct to, get down to, there is no end to等。當(dāng)它們后面出現(xiàn)動詞時，要用V-ing形式。例如： I've got used to driving in all kinds of weather. As soon as she returned home from abroad, she got down to preparing supper for children. 注意區(qū)分介詞to與不定式符號to a He used to drive on the right and now he is used to driving on the left.

51、(used to表“過去常常”,to為不定式符號，be used to 表“習(xí)慣于”,to為介詞） I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.look forward to意思是“盼望，期待”，to為介詞。） He looked forward to see what was happening. (look forward意為“向前看”，to see是不定式作目的狀語。） 【高考例題】 (1) Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _ some schools for poor chil

52、dren. (01上海卷） A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up (2) The discovery of new evidence led to _. (03上海卷） A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught (3) She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden. (94上海卷） A. visit B. paying a visit