人教版新目標(biāo)八上unit1第二課時(shí)講義

1、人教版新目標(biāo)八上unit1第二課時(shí)講義1.詞匯詞匯: everyone something nothing of course myself yourself等。等。句型句型: Did you.？Yes, I did. No, I didnt.2.能用過(guò)去式談?wù)撨^(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，能用過(guò)去式談?wù)撨^(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，掌握動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去式。掌握動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去式。 3. 通過(guò)合作學(xué)習(xí)談?wù)撨^(guò)去發(fā)生的事，通過(guò)合作學(xué)習(xí)談?wù)撨^(guò)去發(fā)生的事，啟發(fā)學(xué)生思維，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的合作精啟發(fā)學(xué)生思維，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的合作精神。神。 Did you see Huangguoshu Waterfall?黃果樹瀑布黃果樹瀑布2dRole-play

2、 the conversation.來(lái)源:Zxxk.ComGrammar FocusWhere did you go on vacation?I went to New York City.Did you go out with anyone?No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. Did you buy anything special?Yes, I bought something for my father. No, I bought nothing.How was the food?Everything tasted really

3、goodDid everyone have a good time?Oh, yes, Everything was excellentsomebody 某人某人someone 某人某人something 某物，某事某物，某事anybody 任何人任何人anyone 任何人任何人Anything 任何事物任何事物nobody 沒有人沒有人no one 沒有人沒有人nothing 沒有東西沒有東西Everybody 每人每人Everyone 每人每人Everything 一切一切復(fù)合不定代詞的用法復(fù)合不定代詞的用法1.不定代詞不定代詞some, any, no, every與與-one, -bod

4、y, -thing構(gòu)成復(fù)合代詞。我們稱之為復(fù)合不定代詞我們稱之為復(fù)合不定代詞含-body的復(fù)合不定代詞與含-one的復(fù)合不定代詞在功能和意義上完全相同，可以互換。只是用-body時(shí)顯得較通俗些，多用于口語(yǔ)中，用-one時(shí)顯得較文雅些，更常見于正式場(chǎng)合及書面語(yǔ)中。 復(fù)合不定代詞都具有單數(shù)的含義，因此通常被復(fù)合不定代詞都具有單數(shù)的含義，因此通常被看成是單數(shù)第三人稱。當(dāng)它們充當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)看成是單數(shù)第三人稱。當(dāng)它們充當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。時(shí)，其后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如： Is everyone here today? 今天，大家都到齊了嗎今天，大家都到齊了嗎? Nothing i

5、s difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。 Nobody/No one knows his name There is something or somebody near us.（作主語(yǔ)）（作主語(yǔ)） 來(lái)源:Zxxk.Com2. 2. 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)閟omesome一般用于肯定句，一般用于肯定句，anyany一般用于否定句或一般用于否定句或疑問句，疑問句，nono表示完全否定，因此由表示完全否定，因此由some, any, nosome, any, no與與- -one,-bodyone,-body組成的復(fù)合

6、代詞的用法也一樣。組成的復(fù)合代詞的用法也一樣。somebody，someone，something一般用于肯定句，而一般用于肯定句，而anybody，anyone，anything一般用于否定句、疑問句或條件句。一般用于否定句、疑問句或條件句。-Did you buy anything special?-Yes, I bought something for my father.-No, I didnt buy anything. (I bought nothing)Someone is singing in the next room.Does anyone live in the old

7、house?Did you go out with anyone ?No one knows his name.Would you like something to eat？ 表示邀請(qǐng)時(shí)，疑問句里可用表示邀請(qǐng)時(shí)，疑問句里可用something 3. 第二部分為第二部分為-one和和-body的復(fù)合代詞只能用于表示人，的復(fù)合代詞只能用于表示人，它們的形式是單數(shù)形式，它們的形式是單數(shù)形式，相應(yīng)的人稱代詞和物主代詞用相應(yīng)的人稱代詞和物主代詞用單數(shù)單數(shù) he, him, his (he, him, his (不一定指男性不一定指男性) )。但在非正式文體。但在非正式文體中常用復(fù)數(shù)代詞中常用復(fù)數(shù)代詞

8、they, them, theirthey, them, their來(lái)避免由于來(lái)避免由于 如：如： Everyone knows this, doesnt he dont they? There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking?them指代指代someone4. 第二部分為第二部分為-thing的復(fù)合代詞只能用于指物。相應(yīng)的的復(fù)合代詞只能用于指物。相應(yīng)的人稱代詞也只能用人稱代詞也只能用 it，而不用，而不用 they。 如：如： There was something wrong with the car so he h

9、ad to stopped it. Everything is ready, isnt it? 一切都準(zhǔn)備好了，是嗎一切都準(zhǔn)備好了，是嗎?5. 形容詞修飾這些復(fù)合不定代詞，形容詞必須形容詞修飾這些復(fù)合不定代詞，形容詞必須后置。如：后置。如：There is something wrong with your ears Is there anything interesting on TV tonight? interesting修飾修飾anything I have something important to tell you. Is there anything else in the b

10、ox? -Lets give her something different to eat . -Something English？ I know fish and chips！ Would you give me something to drink?1. Do you have _ to do this evening? A. important something B. anything important C. something important 2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off . A . Somebody B. Anybody C.

11、 Nobody3. Would you like _? I can get it for you . A. something else B. anything else C. everything else4.I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B: anything C. something D. nothing來(lái)源:Zxxk.Com3a3aFill in the blanks with the words in the boxAnd practice the conversa

12、tion Linda: Did you do_ fun on your vacation, Alice?Alice: yes, I did. I went to Sanya.Linda: How did you like it?Alice: Well, it was my first time there. So _ was really interesting.Linda: Did you go with_?Alice: Yes, I did. I went with my sister.Linda: Did you go shopping?Alice: of course. I bough

13、t _ for my parents, but _ for myself.Linda: Why didnt you buy_ for yourself?Alice: I didnt really see _ I liked.anythingeverythinganyonesomethinganythingnothinganythinganyonesomethinganythingeverythingnothing3b3bFill in the blanks in the e-mail message with the words in the boxanything, everything,

14、nothing ,everyone , no oneDear Bill, How was your vacation? Did you do _ interesting? Did _ in the family go with you? I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family._ was great. We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs. They were so cute! The only problem was that there was _ much to do

15、in the evening but read. Still _ seemed to be bored. Bye for now.MarkanythingeveryoneeverythingnothingNo one1.Everything tasted really good!所有的東西嘗起所有的東西嘗起來(lái)真的很好吃！來(lái)真的很好吃！ taste在此為系動(dòng)詞，意為“嘗起來(lái)”，其后接形容詞。 a. The food tastes really great.食物嘗起來(lái)棒極了。食物嘗起來(lái)棒極了。 b. The milk tasted terrible.牛奶嘗起來(lái)很糟糕牛奶嘗起來(lái)很糟糕。2.Did e

16、veryone have a good time? 大家玩得開心嗎大家玩得開心嗎 have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun 玩得開心玩得開心 （+ doing） eg: We had a good time visiting the Great Wall. = We _ _ _the the Great Wall. = We _ _ _the Great Wall. enjoyed ourselves visitinghad fun visiting3.How did you like it?你覺得它怎么樣？你覺得它怎么樣？ How do/did

17、you like? “你覺得你覺得怎樣？怎樣？”， 用來(lái)詢問對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)或看法，相當(dāng)于用來(lái)詢問對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)或看法，相當(dāng)于 What do you think of? 或或How do you feel about? eg: How do you like your new job? = _ _ _ _ _ your new job? = _ _ _ _ _ your new job?What do you think ofHow do you feeling about4.Did you go shopping? 你們?nèi)ベ?gòu)物了嗎？你們?nèi)ベ?gòu)物了嗎？ go shopping意為意為“去購(gòu)物；去買東西去

18、購(gòu)物；去買東西”， do some shopping.(同義短語(yǔ)同義短語(yǔ))eg: I usually go shopping on Sundays. 我通常星期天去購(gòu)物。我通常星期天去購(gòu)物。 拓展：拓展：“go + doing”形式表示形式表示“去做某事去做某事”， 常用于表達(dá)從事某一體育活動(dòng)或休閑活動(dòng)。常用于表達(dá)從事某一體育活動(dòng)或休閑活動(dòng)。go bike riding 騎自行車旅行騎自行車旅行 go climbing去爬山去爬山 go skating去滑冰去滑冰 go hiking去遠(yuǎn)足去遠(yuǎn)足 go sightseeing去觀光去觀光 go fishing去釣魚去釣魚 go swimming

19、去游泳去游泳 go camping去野去野go boating去劃船去劃船 go surfing去沖浪去沖浪 go skateboarding去進(jìn)行滑板運(yùn)動(dòng)去進(jìn)行滑板運(yùn)動(dòng) 5.I went to a friends farm in the countryside with my family.我和家人一起去了鄉(xiāng)下一個(gè)朋友的農(nóng)場(chǎng). a friends farm是名詞所有格形式。 一般情況下，表示“有生命的人或物”的名詞后面加s，表示所屬關(guān)系。 eg: The red bike is Alices.自行車是愛麗斯的。 拓展：名詞所有格的構(gòu)成： 1）單數(shù)名詞詞尾加“s”，復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾沒有s,也要加“

20、s”： the girl s pen女孩的鋼筆女孩的鋼筆 womens shoes女鞋女鞋 on Childrens Day 2）復(fù)數(shù)名詞以）復(fù)數(shù)名詞以s結(jié)尾的只加結(jié)尾的只加“”“”： the students reading room學(xué)生閱覽室學(xué)生閱覽室 Teachers Day教師節(jié)教師節(jié) 3）如果兩個(gè)名詞并列如果兩個(gè)名詞并列,并且并且分別有分別有s,表表“分別有分別有”； Johns and Kates rooms約翰和凱特約翰和凱特（各自）（各自）的房間的房間 只有后一個(gè)名詞有一個(gè)只有后一個(gè)名詞有一個(gè)s，則表示，則表示“共有共有”： Lily and Lucys father莉莉和露西

21、的爸爸莉莉和露西的爸爸 4）表無(wú)生命的名詞一般與）表無(wú)生命的名詞一般與of構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，表示所有構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，表示所有關(guān)系關(guān)系 a map of China一幅中國(guó)地圖一幅中國(guó)地圖 the name of the story那個(gè)故事的名字那個(gè)故事的名字 6.The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read. 唯一的問題是晚上除了讀書沒什么事可做。 nothing much to do意為“沒什么事可做”。 a. I have_ _ _ _this afternoon. 今天下午我沒什么特殊的事可

22、做。 b. There is _ _ _ _，so I go to bed early.沒什么事可做，因此我就早早睡覺了。 拓展：拓展：nothingbut意為“除之外什么也沒有；只有”。but后可接名詞接名詞或動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形。 a. I had nothing but a cup of tea this morning.我今天早上只喝了杯茶。 b. I had nothing to do but watch TV.我無(wú)事可做，只有看電視。 nothing much to donothing much to do7.Still no one seemed to be bored. (即使這樣

23、)仍然沒有人看起來(lái)無(wú)聊。 1）seem不及物動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞,“好像；似乎；看來(lái)好像；似乎；看來(lái)”。eg：Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。拓展:a. seem+adj.“看起來(lái)”。 You seem happy today.你今天看起來(lái)很高興。 b. seem+to do sth.“似乎，好像做某事”。 I seem to have a cold.我似乎感冒了。 c. It seems/seemed+從句從句 “看起來(lái)好像；似乎”。 It seems that no one believes you. 看起來(lái)好像沒有人相信你。 d. seem like“好像，似乎”。

24、It seems like a good idea.它好像是個(gè)好主意。8.Still no one seemed to be bored. (即使這樣)仍然沒有人看起來(lái)無(wú)聊。 2）辨析：bored與boring a. bored意為“厭煩的；感到無(wú)聊的”， 一般在句中修飾人，作表語(yǔ) b. boring意為“無(wú)聊的；令人厭煩的”， 一般在句中修飾事或物，可作表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ) eg：a. Im _ with what he said. 我對(duì)他說(shuō)的話厭煩極了。 b. I find the story very _. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)故事太無(wú)聊了boredboring3c3cAsk your group questions about their last vacation. Then tell the class your results.Did youEveryone