新編大學(xué)英語視聽說教程第五冊聽力原文Unit_2

1、Unit 2Listen1-1 If you're invited to an American friend's home for dinner, keep in mind these general rules for polite behavior. First of all, arrive approximately on time (but not early). Americans expect promptness. Being a few minutes late might give the host more time to get dressed or f

2、inish preparing the dinner, so it's OK to be 10 or 15 minutes late but not 45 minutes late.Dinner might be overcooked and ruined by then.When you'reinvited to someone's home for a meal, it's polite to bring a small gift. Flowers or candies are always appropriate. If you have an attra

3、ctive item made in your native country, your host would certainly enjoy receiving that as a gift.If you are served some food that you don't like or can't eat, don't make a fuss about it.If your host doesn't say anything about what you aren't eating, then you shouldn't, either

4、. Simply eat what you can and hope that no one notices what you left. If you are questioned, you may have to admit that you don't eat meat (or whatever), but you can also say that you've enjoyed the other foods and have had "more than enough" to eat. Don't make the host feel ob

5、liged to prepare something else for you. Be sure to compliment the host on the food that you enjoyed.Don't leave immediately after dinner, but don't overstay your welcome, either. When your friend seems to be getting tired and running out of conversation, take their behavior as a cue to leav

6、e. The next day, call or write a thank-you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening.Listen2-1Americans are usually tolerant of non-native speakers who have some trouble understanding English. But they become annoyed when a person pretends to understand but doesn't really. This creates proble

7、ms when he misunderstands what is said. No one wants soap when he asks for soup. So if you don't understand what is said to you, admit it and politely ask the person to repeat or explain. All you have to say is, "Excuse me, would you mind repeating what you said? I didn't understand.&qu

8、ot;Second, it is quite rude to converse with a companion in your native language and leaveyour American friends standing there feeling uncomfortable because they can't understand the conversation. The Americans may also feel that you are talking about them or saying something you don't want

9、them to hear. If you have to switch to your native language to explain something to a non-English-speaking companion, then at least translate for your American friends so they don't feel left out.Statements:1. Americans will get impatient if a person can't understand English.2. Sometimes it

10、is wise to pretend to understand what one actually doesn't in order to avoid embarrassment.3. Asking for repetition or explanation is not considered good manners when talking with Americans.4. It is impolite for people to talk in their native language in the presence of Americans.5. America ns m

11、ay feel un comfortablewhe n they can'tun dersta ndthe con versati on ofnon-En glish speakers.Mliste n1-1One win ter day in San Fran cisco, a woma n in a red car drove up to a tollbooth. The back seat of her car had a pile of colorful Christmas gifts on it. She smiled at the tollbooth operator an

12、d said, "I'm pay ing for myself, and for the six cars behi nd me." She han ded the operator seven toll tickets and drove on. As the next six cars arrived at the tollbooth, the operator told each driver, "A lady up ahead paid your toll. Have a nice day."Why did the lady do thi

13、s? As she told her husba nd later, "I read a card taped on my friend's refrigerator. It said, 'Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.' I liked that phrase and copied it for myself. Paying the tolls was a littleact of randomkindn ess I could do."Now all over the

14、U.S., it is becoming a popular phrase. One can see it on car bumper stickers,on walls, and eve n on bus in ess cards. Ran dom acts of kindn ess are easy toperformif one is looking for opportunities. In Portland, a man might put a coin in astranger's parking meter just in time to save that person

15、 from getting fined for overtime park ing. In Chicago, a tee nage boy may shovel snow not only from his driveway but also his n eighbor's driveway. Un doubtedly thousa nds of ran dom acts of kindn ess occur every day.What are some sen seless acts of beauty? A pers on might pla nt flowers along a

16、 highway.Ano ther might clea n graffiti from a city park ben ch. Yet ano ther might pick up litter from the street and put it in a trash can.You should remember this phrase and put it into acti on. Not only will you help others, but you will feel better yourself since you have helped the world to be

17、come a better place. And who kno ws? The people you help might well be in spired to help some one else later. It's a "win-win" situati on.Stateme nts:1. The woman paid for the six cars behind her as a Christmas gift.2. The woman taped a card on her refrigerator that reads: Practice ran

18、dom kindness andsen seless acts of beauty.3. Ran dom acts of kindn ess are not difficult to perform.4. One can see graffiti everywhere in the U.S.5. People sometimes do good uncon sciously.6. The world can become a better place because of the little acts of kindness and beauty.7. The people you help

19、 may well help some one else later.8. Ran dom acts of kindn ess and beauty do good to all parties in volved.Mliste n2-1Don't talk with your mouth full.Keep your elbows off the table.Say "tha nk you".Any of those sou nd familiar?Chan ces are, if you observe a pare nt, he or she has repe

20、ated at least one of those lines a few thousand times. Etiquette experts and people who work with children tend to agree that teachi ng the childre n good mann ers is more tha n worth the effort. Good mann ers can defi nitely beg in at home. Ver onica tries to teach her 5-year-old son Matthew about

21、the importa nee of the Golde n Rule in words that he can un dersta nd. "You n eed to treat people the way you want to be treated," she tells Matthew.Accord ing to etiquette experts, teach ing by example is the best approach. By using good manners, parents can be role models for their child

22、ren, who often leann by imitation. "At 2 years old, they're watchi ng," experts say. "You know, mon key see, mon key do." They also advise pare nts to begi n in troduc ing their toddlers to simple words like "please", "tha nk you", "excuse me", a

23、nd "I'm sorry"."It's never too soon to start teaching them," they say. "When they're sitting up in the high chair, you can start."By teach ing childre n good mann ers and the n help ing them practice, pare nts are doing their childre n a great service. It

24、9;s not just about being polite and well-ma nn ered in the short run. Ultimately, as they grow and they're better-behaved, they'll go on to greater success in their lives and be better liked.But home is not the only teachi ng en vir onment whe n it comes to mann ers and etiquette. More and m

25、ore schools are look ing for ways to in still good mann ers in their stude nts.Stateme nts:1. All pare nts try to teach their childre n good mann ers.2. You n eed to treat people the way you want to be treated.3. Mon keys are especially good at imitati ng small childre n.4. Pare nts should set an ex

26、ample to their childre n whe n teach ing them good mann ers.5. Pare nts are help ing their childre n in the long run by teach ing them good mann ers.6. Both pare nts and teachers are resp on sible for the teachi ng of etiquette.Questi ons:1. What manners do pare nts teach their childre n?2. What is

27、the Golden Rule?3. What is the best way for pare nts to teach their childre n good mann ers?4. What's the appropriate time to start teachi ng childre n mann ers?5. What is the ultimate goal of teach ing childre n good mann ers?Mliste n3-1(Four stude nts are sitt ing in a dorm loun ge, casually w

28、atch ing TV.)Wayne : You know, people lie to us all the time! That advertiser on TV just told me thatall I have to do to be attractive is to drink the right kind of beer. I don't evenlike beer!Celia : And I've see n the same kind of ads for differe nt clothi ng bra nds. I don't see how a

29、nyone can believe all of that stuff.Heather : It's not just TV ads. Religious leaders tell us that if we attend their churchwe'll be happy and politicians tell us if we vote for their party members thenation's problems will disappear. Not true!Randy : I think most of us are smart eno ugh

30、 to figure out that these things are lies.But it really irritates me when people have the arroganee to start their senten ces to others by say ing "You n eed to" do somethi ng whe n they really mean "I n eed you to" or "I want you to". That's a kind of lying too.Cel

31、ia : You're right. In fact it's really rude because it implies that other people lackthe in tellige nee to determ ine for themselves where their in terests are and to act accord in gly.Heather : My dad has talked about a person in his office who does this a lot. He's creatinga bad work e

32、nvironment and it's obvious that the co-workers aregetting tired of being ordered around like this. They know what they should do and want to do it their way.Wayne : I imagine that even the boss should be careful in this respect. If he's rude tohis employees by impl ying they don't know

33、what they're doing, they won't putforth their best effort.Celia : Since we started talking now, I've been thinking about a friend I had in high school. She kept telling me what I "needed" to do. After a while I realized it was her way of gett ingme to do what she wan ted. Needl

34、ess to say, ourfrie ndship en ded. And it was a kind of lying on her part because she was n't saying that what I "needed" to do was really what she "wanted" me to do. It took me a while to figure that out.Randy : I guess there are all sorts of ways to lie. We'd better wat

35、ch out, right?Others : Right.Mliste n4-1(Paul and Joyce are going to a movie. )Paul: Hurry up, Joyce. We n eed to leave now if we're going to get to the theater ahalf hour before the feature begi ns.Joyce : Why on earth do we need to be there that early? The theater is never evenhalf full. I'

36、;ve also been wondering if we should take the kids with us, even though Mom is here with them.Paul: Leave the kids at home. We're not going to a kid's movie likeHarry PotterWhen I went to the movies that night you went to play bridge it looked like a day care center in the theater. Strollers

37、 were flying down the aisle, kids were restless and obviously bored, so started whining for can dy, and there was eve n a fight.Joyce : My goodness! What happened?Paul: One other patro n who was trying to enjoy the movie told the pare nts of some no isy childre n behi nd him to shut their kids up. T

38、he father of the no isy kids hit the compla iner and that led to a fight. The police had to be brought in.Joyce : I'm ready to go, but you still have n't told me why we n eed to be so early.Paul: Actually I like to watch the people. For some just choos ing a seat is a majordecision. They sta

39、nd in the middle of the aisle juggling coats, popcorn and Cokes, almost overwhelmed by having to choose. You can almost read their thoughts. Should I sit dow n in front, or will that be too close? Is this too far back? That man is tall. I won't be able to see the movie if I sit behind him. I'

40、;d love to sit close to the middle, but then I'd have to sit close to that big groupof tee nagers. Oh, dear! The lights are dim ming and I have n't made up my mind.I won't be able to see where I'm going.Joyce : You aren't the only one to notice such things. Many people choose the

41、ir seats,find they are unsatisfied, so move.rve watched a few couples go from onespot to another four or five times before settling down.Paul: While we're on the topic, my other pet peeve is people who won't be quiet during the movie. They comment on everything. "What a cute puppy,"

42、; they saywhen they see a dog appear. "I have a lamp like that at home but min e's red." And on it goes.Joyce : I don't like the people behind me to sit and chew popcorn noisily. It's possibleto be quiet but they don't try. They just keep on chew ing and the n start on a bi

43、g box of can dy.Paul: So let's go! We'll try to find a good seat, look around us a bit, and then we'll sit dow n and shut up.Questi ons:1. Why does Paul decide not to take kids to the movie?2. Why was there a fight the other ni ght?3. Why do some people find it difficult to decide which

44、seat totake?4. What problem troubles the couple at the theater?5. Which of the following is true according to the dialog?Quiz1-1China is known as a state of etiquette and ceremonies.Many proverbs have beenpassed down from generation to generation such as "Civility costs nothing" or "C

45、ourtesy dema nds reciprocity" and so on. For in sta nee, there is an in terest ing short story. Once upon a time, a man went on a long tour to visit his friend with a swan as a gift. But it escaped from the cage on the way and in his effort to catch it, he got hold of nothing but a feather. Ins

46、tead of returning home, he continued his journey with the swan feather.When his friend received this unexpected gift, he was deeply moved by the story as well as the sincerity. And the saying "The gift is nothingmuch, but it's the thought thatcou nts" was spread far and wide.Chin ese u

47、sed to cup one hand in the other before the chest as a salute. This traditi onhas a history of more than 2,000 years and nowadays it is seldom used except in the Spring Festival. And shaking hands is more popular and appropriate on some formal occasions. Bowing, to convey respect to the higher level

48、, was often used by the lower likesubord in ates and atte ndan ts.But at prese nt,things are quitediffere nt.Chin eseyoungsters tend to simply nod as a greeting. To some extent this evolution reflects the ever- in creas ing pace of moder n life.Quiz2-1Writ ing a tha nk-you letter after an in terview

49、 does n't just show a can didate's mann ers it can also make or break their cha nces of la nding a job. Nearly 15 perce nt of hir ing man agers say they would not hire some one who failed to send a tha nk-you letter after the in terview. 32 perce nt say they would still con sider the can did

50、ate,but wouldthink less of him or her, according to a recent survey. The survey, "How to Get in theFront Door", i ncluded more tha n 650 hir ing man agers.Although most hiringmanagersexpect to receive a thank-younote, formatpreferencesdiffer.One-in-fourhiring managers prefer to receive a t

51、hank-you note ine-mail form only, 19 percent want the e-mail followed up with a hard copy, 21 percent want a typed hard copy only and 23 percent prefer just a handwritten note.According to the survey, no matter which format you choose, it's crucial to act quickly whe n sending a tha nk-you lette

52、r to your in terviewer. 26 perce ntof hiringman agers expect to have the letter in hand two days after the in terview, and 36 perce nt to have it within three to five days. Sending the letter quickly rein forces your en thusiasm for the job, and helps keep you top-of-m ind for the in terviewer.State

53、me nts:1. Sending a tha nk-you letter after the in terview adds to on e's cha nces of gett ing a job.2. 32 perce nt of hiri ng man agers would not con sider the applica nt who does not write athank-you letter.3. 650 hiri ng man agers advise people on how to climb up the ladder in their career.4.

54、 As to the format of the tha nk-you no te, most hir ing man agers prefer an e-mail.5. 19 perce nt of hiri ng man agers want a tha nk-you note in e-mail form followed up with ahard copy.6. Sending a tha nk-you letter to the in terviewer promptly is of vital importa nee.Quiz3-1One day many years ago,

55、Swift Eagle visited some friends on an Indian reservation incen tral New York. While he was out walk ing, he heard sou nds of boys play ing in the bushes."There's ano ther one. Shoot it!" said one of the boys.When he pushed through the bush to see what was happe ning, he found that the

56、y had bee n shooti ng small birds with a gun. They had already killed three. The boys looked up at him, un certa in what he was going to do or say.As an Indian bird lover, Swift Eagle might have given a stern lecture on the evil ofkilli ng birds or threate ned to tell the boys' pare nts about th

57、eir wron gdo ing. However, he did someth ing else."Ah," he said, "I see you have been hunting. Pick up your game and come with me."He led the boys to a place where they could make a fire and cook the birds. He madesure they said a thank-you to the spirits of the birds before eati

58、ng them, and as they atehe told stories. It was importa nt, he said, to be tha nkful to the birds for the giftsoftheir son gs, their feathers, and their bodies as food. The last thing he said to them theyn ever forgot for it was one of those boys who told me this story many years later. "Youkno

59、w, our Creator gave the gift of life to everythi ng that is alive. Life is a very sacredthing. But our Creator knows that we have to eat to stay alive. That is why it is permittedto hunt to feed ourselves and our people. So I un dersta nd that you boys must have bee n very, very hungry to kill those

60、 little birds."Thus children were taught the values of their culture through example and stories.In stead of scoldi ng or lecturi ng them, Swift Eagle showed the boys how to build a fire and cook the game they had shot, giv ing the birds the same respect he would have give n a rabbit or deer. He told stories that pointed out the value of those birds as living beings.What he did taught the boys more than a hundredlectures would have done, and theless on stayed with them all their lives.Questi ons:1. What is true about Swift Eagle?2. What did he do whe n he foun