高一英語(yǔ)必修一語(yǔ)法歸納

1、高一英語(yǔ) 必修一 unit1-5一、重點(diǎn)詞匯及短語(yǔ)：upset, ignore, calm, concern, wonder, outdoors, purpose, settle, suffer, recover, pack, disagree, dare, grateful, add up, calm.down , have got to , be concerned about, go through, set down, a series of, in order to, at dusk, face to face, no longer/ not.any longer, suffer f

2、rom, get/ be tired of, pack.up, get along with, fall in love, join in, get sth done, walk the dog, should have done, make.sth/adj., hide away, grow/be crazy about, do with, happen to do sth, take no notice of, have trouble with1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的，不安的（常接about/at/over等介詞） eg. He was upset over his wif

3、es illness. vt. 使不安；使心煩（upset, upset）2. ignore vt. 不理睬；忽視（故意裝作不理睬）（近義詞disregard”看輕，無(wú)視，不顧”，指經(jīng)過(guò)考慮后認(rèn)為不重要） ignorant adj. 沒(méi)意識(shí)到的，不知道的 be ignorant 不知道，沒(méi)意識(shí)到3. calm vt.& vi. （使）平靜/鎮(zhèn)定 calm()down （使）平靜下來(lái)/鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái) eg. Go somewhere quiet and calm your friend down. adj. 平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的（近義詞quiet, silent, still） calm：平

4、靜的，沉著的；指無(wú)風(fēng)浪或人的心情不激動(dòng)。 quiet：寧?kù)o的，安靜的；指沒(méi)有聲音、不吵鬧或心里沒(méi)有煩惱、焦慮。 silent：寂靜的，沉默的；指不說(shuō)話(huà)或沒(méi)有聲音。 still：靜止的，不動(dòng)的；指（人體等）無(wú)運(yùn)動(dòng)的。4. concern vt. （使）擔(dān)憂(yōu)；涉及；關(guān)系到 be concerned about 關(guān)心；掛念 eg. Tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her.短語(yǔ)： at concerns關(guān)于；as/so far asbe concerned關(guān)于，至于；be concerned over/at關(guān)心；be concerne

5、d with關(guān)于，牽涉到；be concerned in和有牽連；be concerned for關(guān)心，為擔(dān)憂(yōu) n. 擔(dān)心，關(guān)注，掛念5. wonder vt.&vi. 懷疑，想知道，驚奇，對(duì)感到驚訝 n. 驚奇U，奇跡、奇觀(guān)C 后可接if/whether, 特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)wonder指“想知道，對(duì)有懷疑”，接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)wonder指“對(duì)感到奇怪”eg. I wonder if/whether he is a university boy. I wonder who he is. We wonder that the little boy is a unive

6、rsity boy.短語(yǔ)：wonder about想知道，納悶；wonder at覺(jué)得奇怪6. outdoors adv. 在戶(hù)外，在野外 n. 戶(hù)外 outdoor adj. 戶(hù)外的，野外的7. purpose n. 目的，計(jì)劃，意圖，目標(biāo) 短語(yǔ)：on purpose故意；with the purpose of帶有的目的；for the purpose of為了的目的 eg. Dont hurt your best friend on purpose.8. settle vi. 安家，定居，停留 vt. 使定居，安排，解決，使沉淀，使平靜 settle down 定居，專(zhuān)心于，安定下來(lái) se

7、ttle in 遷入 settled adj. 固定的，穩(wěn)定的 settler nC. 移民者，殖民者 settlement nC. 定居點(diǎn)，住宅區(qū)；nU沉降，解決9. suffer vt. 遭受，忍受，經(jīng)歷 vi. 受之苦，折磨 suffer from 遭受，患病 eg. Mary is suffering from the sadness of her blindness. 近義詞：undergo v. 經(jīng)歷，遭受10. recover vt.& vi. 痊愈，恢復(fù)，重新獲得/找到（強(qiáng)調(diào)自我恢復(fù)） 近義詞： restore 恢復(fù)（強(qiáng)調(diào)外力使得恢復(fù)） eg. Jennie made

8、a great effort to recover herself.recover from 從中復(fù)原recovered adj. 痊愈了的 recovery nU. 恢復(fù)11. pack vi.& vt. 捆扎，包裝，打行李 n. 小包，包裹 a pack of 一包. pack()up （把）打包 packet nC. 一包，一疊 parcel nC. 包裹12. disagree vi. 不同意（反義詞：agree） disagree with (sb.)不同意某人的觀(guān)點(diǎn)disagree to do sth. 不同意去做某事disagreement n. 不同意（反義詞：agre

9、ement）13. dare “敢于，膽敢” 可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，也可做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（dare to do sth./dare do sth.） eg. How dare you say that to me? dare sb. to do sth. 估計(jì)沒(méi)膽去做某事eg. I dare you to jump from this wall. 固定搭配：I dare say 我想，大概，可能，或許（常做插入語(yǔ)） eg. I dare say it will rain today.14. grateful adj. 感激的，表示謝意的 be grateful to/towards對(duì)表示感激；be grat

10、eful for為表示感激be grateful tofor為.而對(duì)表示感激 eg. Ill be very grateful to you if you give me an early answer. Im very grateful for all that youve done to us. Im very grateful to you for having helped me so much.15. add up 合計(jì) add v. 添加，增加（近義詞：increase），將相加，補(bǔ)充說(shuō) add A to B 在B中加入A add up to 合起來(lái)為 add to增加，增添（多指

11、抽象意義） addin把加進(jìn)去，包括16. have got to 不得不，必須（近義詞：have to） 兩者的區(qū)別： 1. have got to的否定形式是havent got to, 疑問(wèn)句形式have提前；have to的否定形式和疑問(wèn)句形式是借助助動(dòng)詞do/does/did； 2. have got to不和will，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，have to可以。17. go through經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受；瀏覽，查閱；仔細(xì)檢查；經(jīng)過(guò) （近義詞為suffer, experience） 區(qū)別go through和get through 1. get through指通過(guò)（考試等），完成，接通電話(huà) 2.

12、表示“通過(guò)”時(shí)，go through不用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而get through常用于get sth. through結(jié)構(gòu)中18. set down 記下（write down, put down, take down, note down），放下（put down）,登記19. a series of 一連串的，一系列，一套 a series of+ n.C(pl.)+ v.(三單) series nC. （單復(fù)數(shù)同型）連續(xù)，系列 in series 連續(xù)，逐次； in series with 與串聯(lián)/相連20. in order to do sth.為了做（so as to do sth.）

13、in order not to do sth. 為了不做(so as not to do sth.) in order that目的狀語(yǔ)從句（so that） in order to放句首和句中， so as to只放句中21. at dusk 在黃昏時(shí)刻22. face to face 面對(duì)面地23. no longer/ not.any longer （強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間）不再（近義詞：no more/notany more感情色彩更濃）24. get/ be tired of對(duì)厭煩（精神上）（近義詞：get/ be sick of） be tired with/from（體力上）對(duì)厭倦 近義詞：e

14、xhausted（語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)），tiresome令人討厭的，tired（泛指）25. get along/on with 與相處，在方面進(jìn)展 eg I can get along well with my classmates. I get along well with my English study. 反義詞：have a hard time with, have trouble with have trouble/have a hard time (in) doing sth.26. fall in love (with sb.) (和某人)相愛(ài)（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作） be in love (wi

15、th sb.) (和某人)相愛(ài)（強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)）27. join in 參加，加入（聚會(huì)、活動(dòng)等）=take part in join 參加（團(tuán)體，組織，人群等） attend 參加，出席，到場(chǎng)（會(huì)議，班級(jí)等） participate 參與（參加某一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，常與in搭配） enter 進(jìn)入（某個(gè)空間等）28. get sth done 使被 eg. Please get your hair cut. Ive had it.29. walk the dog遛狗=take the dog for a walk30. should have done本應(yīng)該做（實(shí)際沒(méi)做） Shouldnt have don

16、e 本不應(yīng)該做（但實(shí)際做了）表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬31. make.sth/adj. 使（賓補(bǔ)） eg. She made her diary her best friend. Rainy days make my sad.32. hide away 藏起來(lái)，躲開(kāi)33. grow/be crazy about 對(duì)癡迷/狂熱 be crazy to do sth. 瘋狂地做某事34. do with 處理，與相關(guān) eg. What do you do with the little puppy?=How do you deal with the little puppy? Ive grown so c

17、razy about everything to do withnature.35. happen to do sth.=do sth. by chance=do sth. by accident 碰巧36. take no notice of=ignore; take notice of=pay attention to=notice二、重點(diǎn)句型：1. Your friend comes to school very upset.adj.作狀語(yǔ)，用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)your friend來(lái)學(xué)校時(shí)的心情。此處作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。與副詞做狀語(yǔ)修飾謂語(yǔ)不同，形容詞做狀語(yǔ)更多地注重描述主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。一般用逗號(hào)

18、將其與句子的其余部分隔開(kāi)，可位于句首、句末或句中，在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。2. While walking the dog, you were careless and it 當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，讓步狀語(yǔ)從句或方式狀語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞可以省略。3. She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.段時(shí)間+before “在.之后才.”4. I dont want to set down a series of facts in a di

19、ary as most people do（就像大多數(shù)人一樣地做）as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句5. Your friend, who doesnt work hard, asks you to help him/her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper. who引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句；Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to定語(yǔ)從句： reasons why+定語(yǔ)從句；a

20、 friend whom+定語(yǔ)從句；I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.There was a time when+定語(yǔ)從句；could have done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)；keep sb. done賓補(bǔ)，spellbound是spellbind的過(guò)去分詞，指“被吸引的，被迷住的”6. So she made her diary her

21、best friend. make sb./ sth.+ n.（賓補(bǔ)）7. I want this diary itself to be my friend. itself做diary的同位語(yǔ)，是it的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。8. I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. piece of material hung to cover a window. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)，及其區(qū)別。8. It was the first time in a year and

22、 a half that Id seen the night face to face強(qiáng)調(diào)句：It was the first time that+過(guò)去完成時(shí)9. Its no pleasure looking through these any longerIts no pleasure doing sth.做某事不愉快10. She found it difficult to settle and It做形式賓語(yǔ)，to do sth.做真正的賓語(yǔ)。find it difficult to do sth.類(lèi)似的動(dòng)詞有think, consider等。11. It was such fun t

23、o watch it run 句型It is + n. to do sth。It做形式主語(yǔ)，to do sth,做真正的主語(yǔ)；感官動(dòng)詞watch sb. do sth. 不帶to的不定式做賓補(bǔ)。 三、語(yǔ)法：直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)（陳述句和疑問(wèn)句）1、直接引語(yǔ)：直接引用別人的原話(huà)。直接引語(yǔ)通常放在引號(hào)內(nèi)。eg：My mother always says, “You should study hard.”2、間接引語(yǔ)：用自己的話(huà)轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話(huà)。間接引語(yǔ)多數(shù)用賓語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表達(dá)。eg：My mother always told me that I should study hard.3、直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)的轉(zhuǎn)

24、換（1）句式的轉(zhuǎn)換陳述句 去逗號(hào)和引號(hào)，用say that/tell sb.（that也可以省略）接賓語(yǔ)從句；said/told sb.后面的從句要做人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)等的變化。Eg: He usually says that, “I am the cleverest in the world.” -He usually says that he is the cleverest in the world.一般疑問(wèn)句 去逗號(hào)和引號(hào)，用if/whether接賓語(yǔ)從句，改用陳述語(yǔ)序。從句中要做人稱(chēng)，時(shí)態(tài)等相應(yīng)變化。Eg: He asked me, “Will you go with me?”- He as

25、ked me if I would go with him.特殊疑問(wèn)句 去逗號(hào)和引號(hào)，用特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，改用陳述語(yǔ)序。從句中要做人稱(chēng)，時(shí)態(tài)等相應(yīng)變化。Eg: I asked the students, “How many words have you learned?” - I asked the students how many words they had learned.-He asked me to pass him the book.（2）人稱(chēng)的轉(zhuǎn)換 一隨主，二隨賓，三不變（3）時(shí)態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)：當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)表示客觀(guān)真理或經(jīng)常性的特點(diǎn)時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，保持原來(lái)的一般

26、現(xiàn)在時(shí)。當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句中可以根據(jù)實(shí)際情況選用不同時(shí)態(tài)。但是如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)從句做如下調(diào)整：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-一般過(guò)去時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí)-過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)-過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)-過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-過(guò)去完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí)-過(guò)去完成時(shí)記憶口訣： 主現(xiàn)從不限，主過(guò)從也過(guò)，客觀(guān)真理永不變。（4）指示代詞，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化 指示代詞this-that, thesethose, 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)nowthen, todaythat day, tonightthat night, tomorrowthe next day, next weekthe nex

27、t week, last nightthe night before, yesterdaythe day before, the day before yesterdaytwo days ago, agobefore地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) here-there動(dòng)詞的變化comego, bringtake Eg: Doris said to me，“I will go to see you tomorrow and take you a present. ”- Doris said to me she would come to see me the next day and bring me a prese

28、nt.備注：假如當(dāng)時(shí)當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)不變，指示代詞不變。四、交際運(yùn)用：如何友好地表達(dá)同意或不同意Attitudes: Are you afraid that./ Ive grown so crazy about. /I didnt dare.Agreement and disagreement：I agree./ I think so./ Exactly./ I dont agree./ I dont think so./ Im afraid not.Certainty:Thats correct./ Of course not.U2 English around the world一

29、、重點(diǎn)詞匯voyage, actually, base, gradually, latter, identity, frequent, frequently, command, request, recognize, straight, enrich, fluent, standard, expect, however，because of, come up, at present, make use of, such as, play a part in, more than, go to the pictures, at the end of, than ever before, comm

30、unicate with, a large number of, Only time will tell. without a second thought, believe it or not, to this day 1. voyage nC. 航行，航海 vi. 去航海2. actually adv. 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上3. base vt. 以.為根據(jù) n. 基部，基地，基礎(chǔ) be based on以.為基礎(chǔ) eg. Good oral English is based on good pronunciation. basic adj. 基本的，基礎(chǔ)的 basically adv

31、. 基本上，根本上4. gradually adv. 逐漸地，逐步地（近義詞：little by little） gradual adj. 逐漸的，逐步的5. latter adj. 較后的，后半的，后面的，(兩者中)后者的 later adj. 稍后的，待會(huì)的 latter強(qiáng)調(diào)順序上靠后的，later強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間上過(guò)會(huì)的 the latter 后者（反義詞：the former）6. identity n. 本身，本體，身份，個(gè)性/特性 identify vt. 識(shí)別 identification n. 鑒明，驗(yàn)明 identical adj. 完全相同的，同一的 be identical wi

32、th/to 和完全相同 eg. The theme of this movie is identical with that of that book.7. frequent adj. 頻繁的，常見(jiàn)的frequently adv. 常常，頻繁地8. command n.& vt. 命令，指令，掌握 have a command of 對(duì)有掌握 command引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should do 且should可省略）9. request n. & vt. 請(qǐng)求，要求 request that賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should do且should可省略） make (

33、a) request for請(qǐng)求，要求 in great request大眾非常需求 on request應(yīng)的要求request sth. from sb.向某人要某物 at ones request/ at the request of sb. 應(yīng)的要求 as requested 依照請(qǐng)求 come into request變得缺乏 by request (of) 依照請(qǐng)求，應(yīng)邀 comply with ones request順應(yīng)某人的請(qǐng)求10. recognize vt. 辨認(rèn)出，承認(rèn)，公認(rèn) eg. Sorry, I didnt recognize you when you wore y

34、our sunglasses yesterday. recognizeas 認(rèn)出是 recognize指“承認(rèn)”時(shí)的固定用法： recognize sb. to be 承認(rèn)某人是 be recognized as/to be 某人被承認(rèn)是11. straight adv.直接，挺直；adj.直的，筆直的，正直的 eg. Please go straight, and turn left at the first corner, then youll see a straight street. be straight with 對(duì)坦誠(chéng)12. enrich vt. 使富裕，充實(shí)，改善，使肥沃 后

35、接具有抽象含義的一些名詞作賓語(yǔ)。13. fluent adj. 流利的，流暢的 Fluently adv. 常常，頻繁地14. standard adj. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，模范的（無(wú)比較等級(jí)） eg. Mary speaks standard English. nC. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，水平，規(guī)格，規(guī)范 eg. This is a book that is a standard of literary excellence.15. expect vt. 預(yù)期，期望，指望，預(yù)料 adj. expected 預(yù)期的，預(yù)料的 n. expectation 期望，預(yù)料 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人

36、做某事16. however adv. 可是，但是，然而(轉(zhuǎn)折翻譯，一般做插入語(yǔ)，可放句首，句中或句末，常用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi))（近義詞：in spite of this, nevertheless） conj. 不論怎樣，無(wú)論以何種方式（相當(dāng)于no matter how）引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句17. because of 因?yàn)?，由于，多虧（近義詞：thanks to, due to, owing to）后加名詞性短語(yǔ) because of可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句中：It was because of the job that he had taken the flat. because of后可接what從句，但此時(shí)w

37、hat從句為賓語(yǔ)從句：She got angry because of what her boyfriend had said. because是連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句18. come up 走近（draw near, approach），上來(lái)，提出，（植物等）長(zhǎng)出地面，出現(xiàn)，（太陽(yáng)）升起 come on出場(chǎng)，進(jìn)展，加油 come about發(fā)生 come up to達(dá)到 come out出版，結(jié)果是，出來(lái) come across/upon 偶遇，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn) come to恢復(fù)知覺(jué)，共計(jì)，達(dá)到 come by經(jīng)過(guò)，獲得 come along 加緊，過(guò)來(lái)come down 下來(lái)，倒下，流傳下來(lái)，病

38、倒come back回來(lái)，回憶起，恢復(fù)19. at present 現(xiàn)在，目前 present n. 目前，禮物adj. 出席的，在場(chǎng)的，現(xiàn)在的，進(jìn)行的vt. 贈(zèng)送，提交，上演，介紹 for the present暫時(shí) up to/till the present直到現(xiàn)在 be present to出現(xiàn)在面前 live in the present適應(yīng)當(dāng)下形勢(shì) present sb. with sth./ present sth. to sb. 贈(zèng)送某人某物 There is no time like the present.機(jī)不可失，時(shí)不再來(lái)20. make （good, full/the

39、best/the most, little）use of （好好，充分，未）利用，使用 make use of sth. to do sth.使用某物去做某事 be of great use= be very useful be of no use無(wú)用 come into use開(kāi)始被使用 be in use在使用 be/go out of use不再使用，廢棄 put/bringinto use使得到使用 Its no use doing sth. 做某事是無(wú)用的 use sth. to do sth/ for doing sth用某物來(lái)做某事 be used to do sth./be u

40、sed for doing sth. 被用來(lái)做某事 get/be used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣于 be used as 被用作21. such as例如，像這種的（用于列舉事物，一般不全部列舉。插在被列舉事物與前面的名詞之間，不與and so on連用） for example例如（用來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明，有時(shí)可作為插入語(yǔ)放在句中，不影響句子其他部分的語(yǔ)法關(guān)系） namely= that is全部列舉出來(lái)22. play a part in 扮演一個(gè)角色，參與= play a role in23. more than 副詞短語(yǔ) 當(dāng)后面加數(shù)詞時(shí)，指“超過(guò)”=over 當(dāng)后面加名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞

41、時(shí)，指“不僅僅，不只是”= not only eg. Hibernation is more than sleep. Its a deep sleep. not more than“不超過(guò)” no more than=only“僅僅”24. go to the pictures去看電影=go to the movies25. at the end of 在之末（做狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)及修飾詞）當(dāng)后接時(shí)間（一般過(guò)去時(shí)/一般將來(lái)時(shí)）（反義詞：at the beginning of）；后還可接地點(diǎn)by the end of在最后之前(常常結(jié)合完成時(shí)來(lái)考察)in the end最后，最終（at last，fin

42、ally），不接of26. than ever before 比以往更（做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）27. communicate with 與交流 communicate也可做為vt. communicate sth. to sb. communication n. 交流28. a large number of 絕大部分（后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原型） the number of的數(shù)量（后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用三單形式） 修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的詞，表示“許多”： (a good/great) many, quite a few, a large/great/small number of 修飾

43、不可數(shù)名詞的詞，表示“許多”： much, a great deal of, quite a little, an amount of 既可修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示“許多”： a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of29. Only time will tell 只有時(shí)間才可以證明30. without a second thought 不假思索 31. believe it or not ”不論信否” 常作插入語(yǔ)，放在句首32. to this day ”直到現(xiàn)在”，作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)二、重點(diǎn)句型1. Native Engl

44、ish speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.even if / even though是conj. 引導(dǎo)讓步狀從2. English became less like German because those who ruled English spoke first Danish and later French.those who+ 定語(yǔ)從句As we know, British English is a little different from Ameri

45、can English.as引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句3. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English asIt is +adj. (for sb) to do sth.與It is +adj. (of sb) to do sth.It作形式主語(yǔ)，to do sth.作真正的主語(yǔ)當(dāng)形容詞表示人的性格，品質(zhì)等用for,其余情況用of。4. One reason is that English has a large One reason is that + 表語(yǔ)從句5 This is because in the early days o

46、f radio those who reported the newsThis is because + 表語(yǔ)從句in the early days 早期（day的另外一個(gè)意思為“時(shí)期”）6. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.the way+(in which/that/省略)+定語(yǔ)從句此處的that是關(guān)系副詞，定語(yǔ)從句中當(dāng)that表示方式，時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)時(shí)，則that可作為關(guān)系副詞使用。當(dāng)先行詞為the way時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞用in which或者that，并且可以省略。7.

47、 Then along comes this catfish bout the size of a house. Then along comes .全倒裝full inversion：當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)介詞短語(yǔ)提到句首時(shí)；當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)副詞提到句首時(shí)，當(dāng)方位副詞提到句首時(shí)；當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)或者及其短語(yǔ)，作為形容詞提到句首時(shí)三、語(yǔ)法：直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ)（請(qǐng)求和命令）祈使句（或疑問(wèn)形式的祈使句）通常改為ask/tell/order+賓語(yǔ)+不定式的簡(jiǎn)單句。eg. “Open the door.” father said.- Father told me to open the door.“Would you p

48、lease pass me the book?” he said.-He asked me to pass him the book.四、交際運(yùn)用How to solve the difficulties in language communication；1. 請(qǐng)求重復(fù)法：I beg your pardon? 2. 提出問(wèn)題法：What do you mean by? 3. 描述釋義法： What about her age?4. 總結(jié)法：So you mean?How to describe directions；Asking and showing the wayUnit3 Travel

49、 journal一【重點(diǎn)詞匯】journal: 日記，日志（對(duì)于事件、經(jīng)歷等有規(guī)律進(jìn)行的私人記錄）diary ；keep a journal 期刊 eg. The doctor is reading the Journal of Medical Science. 辨析：journey, tour, travel, trip, voyageprefer: prefer to do sth， prefer n to nprefer doing to doingprefer to do sth rather than do sth 與其不如= would rather do sth than do

50、sthdisadvantage Cshortcomings反義詞:advantage;merit; strong pointsat a disadvantage 處于不利的地位take advantage of 乘機(jī)利用， 利用別人的弱點(diǎn)占便宜have an advantage over 勝過(guò), 優(yōu)于altitude: at an altitude of 海拔在 longitudeattitude to/towards/to 對(duì)的態(tài)度姿勢(shì)，姿態(tài) eg.He remained standing in a listening attitude. 他一直在那兒做傾聽(tīng)狀。eg. He received

51、 the guests with a respectful attitude. 他以恭敬的姿態(tài)接待客人。用in 表式靜態(tài)，用with表動(dòng)態(tài)to one's advantage(=to the advantage sb.) 對(duì).有利cycle n. 循環(huán), 周期; 自行車(chē), 摩托車(chē)vi騎自行摩托車(chē)cycle to work / school walk to work / schoolrecycle vt /vi. 回收利用; 再循環(huán)recyclable adj可循環(huán)再用的non-recyclable adj 不可循環(huán)再用的persuade sb to do sth = persuade

52、sb into doing sthpersuade sb not to do sth = persuade sb out of doing sthadvise sb to dograduate from 從畢業(yè)（短暫性動(dòng)詞）after graduation 畢業(yè)后 a graduate student 研究生undergraduate student ;大學(xué)本科生care about表示在乎，常用于否定句；care for表示關(guān)心，喜愛(ài)，常用于肯定句。take care of照顧 take care 小心，保重determine to do sth / determine on,upon st

53、h 決定某事be determined(a.堅(jiān)定的，堅(jiān)決的) to do sth決心做某事 a determined look反義詞：hesitatepersuade v. 說(shuō)服；勸服persuade sb. 說(shuō)服某人persuade sb. to do sth. 說(shuō)服某人做某事persuade sb. not to do sth. 說(shuō)服某人不要做某事I persuade him to keep away from the net bar.make up ones mind 下決心make up 編造；講和；化裝, 打扮；組成, 構(gòu)成make it 及時(shí)趕到, 辦成功; 達(dá)到目的;make r

54、oom for 為. 讓地方make out 辨認(rèn)出，理解make money 掙錢(qián)make sense 講得通，言之有理make a living 謀生；維持生活make a mistake / mistakes 弄錯(cuò)；犯錯(cuò)誤make fun of 取笑make one's way 前進(jìn)；行進(jìn)make sure 查明；弄確實(shí)；務(wù)使；確信12. give in 屈服，讓步give away贈(zèng)送; 贈(zèng)予; 頒發(fā);分發(fā)；泄露, 出賣(mài)give back 歸還；送回give out 分發(fā)；耗盡， 用完give up 放棄give off發(fā)出; 放出; 散發(fā)出; 放射出二 【重點(diǎn)句型】Choose a place you want to visit.(P17. 2. L1)choose-chose-chosenmake a choice 作出選擇choose form 從中選擇（which/that）you want to visit 定語(yǔ)從句Ever since middle