中國(guó)科學(xué)院考博英語試題

1、 中國(guó)科學(xué)院英語2005年博士研究生入學(xué)考試試題PART ? STRUCTURE&VOCABULARY ( 25minutes,15points)sectionA( 0.5 point eath)direction: choose the word or expression below each sentence that best completes the statement, and mark the corresponding letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your

2、machine-scoring answer sheet.16.Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, I feel sure that I have no _ but to report him to the local police.A. time B. chance C. authority D. alternative17.Behind his large smiles and large cigars, his eyes often seemed to _regret.A. teem B.

3、brim with C. come with D. look with18.There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young one has a glorious future before him and the old one has a _future behind him.A. splendid B. conspicuous C. uproarious D. imminent19. That tragedy distressed me so much that I used to kee

4、p indoors and go out only _necessity.A. within reach of B. for fear of C. by means of D. in case of20. A young man sees a sunset and unable to understand of express the emotion that it _in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond.A. reflects B. retains C. rouses D. radi

5、ates21._the heat to a simmer and continue to cook for another 8-10minutes or until most of the water has evaporated.A. Turn off B. Turn over C. Turn down D. Turn up22.Banks shall be unable to _,or claim relief against the first 15%of any loan or bankrupted debt left with them .A. write off B. put as

6、ide C. shrink from D. come over23.I am to inform you ,that you may ,if you wish , attend the inquiry ,and at the inspectors discretion state your case _or through an entrusted representative.A. in person B. in depth C. in secret D. in excess24.In his view, though Hong Kong has no direct cultural ide

7、ntity, local art is thriving by “being _,”being open to all kinds of art.A. gratifying B. predominating C. excelling D. accommodating25.In some countries preschool education in nursery schools or kindergartens _the 1stgrade.A. leads B. precedes C. forwards D. advances26.Desert plants _ two categorie

8、s according to the way they deal with the problem of surviving drought.A. break down B. fall into C. differ in D. refer to 27.In the airport, I could hear nothing except the roar of aircraft engines which _ all other sounds.A. dwarfed B. diminished C. drowned D. relative28.Criticism without suggesti

9、ng areas of improvement is not _ and should be avoided if possible.A. constructive B. productive C. descriptive D. relative29. The Committee pronounced four members expelled for failure to provide information in the _ of investigations.A. case B. chase C. cause D. course30. Since neither side was re

10、ady to _ what was necessary for peace, hostility were resumed in 1980.A. precede B. recede C. concede D. intercede31.Such an _act of hostility can only lead to war.A. overt B. episodic C. ample D. ultimate 32._ both in working life and everyday living to different sets of values, and expectations pl

11、aces a severe strain on the individual.A. Recreation B. Transaction C. Disclosure D. Exposure33. It would then be replaced by interim government, which would _be replaced by a permanent government after four months.A. in step B. in turn B. in practice D. in haste34. Havent I told you I dont want you

12、 keeping _ with those awful riding-about bicycle boys?A. company B. acquaintance C. friends D. place35.Consumers deprived of the information and advice they needed were quite simply _ every cheat in the marketplace.A. at the mercy of B. in lieu of C. by courtesy of D. for the price of Section B (0.5

13、 point each)Directions : in each of the following sentences there are four parts underlined and marked A, B, C, and D. Indicate which of the four parts is incorrectly used. Mark the corresponding letter of your choice by drawing a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer

14、Sheet.36. The auctioneer must know fair accurately the current market values of the goods he is A B C Dselling.37.Children are among the most frequent victims of violent, drug-related crimes that have nothing A B Cdoing with the cost of acquiring the drugs.D38. A large collection of contemporary pho

15、tographs, including some taken by Mary are on display A B Cat the museum.D39.There is much in our life which we do not control and we are not even responsible for.A B C D40. Capital inflows will also tend to increase the international value of the dollar, make it more A B Cdifficult to sell U.S. exp

16、orts.D41. It can be argued that the problems, even something as fundamental as the ever-increased world A B Cpopulation, have been caused by technological adcance.D42. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge A B C as subfected to uncivilized beh

17、avior.D43. While experts in basic science are important, skilled talents should be the overriding majority A B Csince they are at heavy demand in the market.D44.Retailers offered deep discounts and extra hours this weekend in the bid to lure shoppers.A B C D45.The amendments of the laws on patent, t

18、rademark and copyright have enhanced protection of A Bintellectual property rights and made them conform to WTO rules.C DPART3 CLOZE TEST (15minutes, 15 points)Directions: There are 15 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through. Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase

19、marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.At least since the Industrial Revolution, gender roles have been in a state of transition. As a re

20、sult, cultural scripts about marriage have undergone change, One of the more obvious _46_ has occurred in the roles that women 47 . Women have moved into the world of work and have become adept at meeting expectations in that arena, 48 maintaining their family roles of nurturing and creating a(n) 49

21、 that is a haven for all family members. 50 many women experience strain from trying to “do it all, ” they often endoy the increased 51 that can result from playing multiple roles. As womens roles have changed, changing expectations about mens roles have become more 52 . Many men are relinquishing t

22、heir major responsibility 53 the family provider. Probably the most significant change in mens roles, however, is in the emotional 54 of family life. Men are increasingly 55 to meet the emotional needs of their families, 56 their wives.In fact, expectations about he emotional domain of marriage have

23、 become more significant for marriage in general. Research on 57 marriage has changed over recent decades points to the increasing importance of the emotional side of the relationship, and the importance of sharing in the “ emotion work” 58 to nourish marriages and other family relationships. Men an

24、d women want to experience marriages that are interdependent, 59 both partners nurture each other, attend and respond to each other, and encourage and promote each other. We are thus seeing marriages in which mens and womens roles are becoming increasingly more 60 .46. A. incidents B. changes C. res

25、ults D. effects47. A. take B. do C. play D. show48. A. by B. while C. hence D. thus49. A. home B. garden C. arena D. paradise50. A. When B. Even though C. Since D. Nevertheless51. A. rewards B. profits C. privileges D. incomes52. A. general B. acceptable C. popular D. apparent53. A. as B. of C. from

26、 D. for54. A. section B. constituent C. domain D. point55. A. encouraged B. expected C. advised D. predicted56. A. not to mention B. as well as C. including D. especially57. A. how B. what C. why D. if58. A. but B. only C. enough D. necessary59. A. unless B. although C. where D. because60. A. pleasa

27、nt B. important C. similar D. manageablePART 4 READING COMPREHENSION (60minutes, 30 points)Directions: Below each of the following passages you will find some questions or incomplete statements. Each question or statement is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read each passage carefully,

28、 and then select the choice that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark the letter of your choice with a single bar across the square brackets on your Machine-scoring Answer Sheet.Passage1The man who invented Coca-cola was not a native Atlantan, but on the day of his funeral ever

29、y drugstore in town testimonially shut up shop. He was John Styth Pemberton, born in 1833 in Knoxville, Georgia, eighty miles away. Sometimes known as Doctor, Pemberton was a pharmacist who, during the Civil War, led a cavalry troop under General Joe Wheelrer. He settled in Atlanta in 1869, and soon

30、 began brewing such patent medicines as Triplex Liver Pills and Globe of Flower Cough Syrup. In 1885, he registered a trademark for something called French Wine Coca-Ideal Nerve and Tonic Stimulant, a few months later he formed the Pemberton Chemical Company, and recruited the services of a bookkeep

31、er named Frank M. Robinson, who not only had a good head for figures but, attached to it, so exceptional a nose that he could audit the composition of a batch of syrup merely by sniffling it. In 1886-a year in which, as contemporary Coca-Coca officials like to point our, Conan Doyle unveiled Sherloc

32、k Holmes and France unveiled the Statue of Liberty-Pemberton unveiled a syrup that he called Coca-Coca. It was a modification of his French Wine Coca. He had taken our the wine and added a pinch of caffeine, and, when the end product tasted awful, had thrown in some extract of cola nut and a few oth

33、er oils, blending the mixture in a three-legged iron pot in his back yard and swishing it around with an oar. He distributed it to soda fountains in used beer bottles, and Robinson, with his glowing bookkeepers script, presently devised a label, on which “Coca-Cola” was written in the fashion that i

34、s still employed. Pemberton looked upon his mixture less as a refreshment than as a headache cure, especially for people whose headache could be traced to over-indulgence.On a morning late in 1886,one such victim of the night before dragged himself into an Atlanta drugstore and asked for a doolop of

35、 Cola-Cola. Druggists customarily stirred a teaspoonful of syrup into a glass of water, but in this instance the man on duty was too lazy to walk to the fresh-water tap, a couple of feet off. Instead, he mixed the syrup with some soda water, which was closer at hand. The suffering customer perked up

36、 almost at once, and word quickly spread that the best Coca-Cola was a fizzy one.64. What dose the passage tell us about John Styth Pemberton?A. He was highly respected by AtlantansB. He ran a drug store that also sells wine.C. He had been a doctor until the Civil War.D. He made a lot of money with

37、his pharmacy.62. Which of the following was unique to Frank M. Robinson, working with the Pembertons Company?A. Skills to make French wineB. Talent for drawing picturesC. An acute sense of smell.D. Ability to work with numbers.63.Why was the year 1886 so special to Pemberton?A. He took to doing a jo

38、b like Sherlock HolmessB. He brought a quite profitable product into being.C. He observed the founding ceremony of Statue of Liberty.D. He was awarded by Coca-Cola for his contribution64.One modification made of French Wine Coca formula was_A. used beer bottles were chosen as containers B. the amoun

39、t of caffeine in it was increasedC. it was blended with oils instead of waterD. Cola nut extract was added to taste65. According to the passage, Coca-Cola was in the first place prepared especially for _A. the young as a soft drink B. a replacement of French Wine CocaC. the relief of a hangoverD. a

40、cure for the common headache66. The last paragraph mainly tells_A. the complaint against the lazy shop-assistantB. a real test of Coca-cola as a headache cureC. the mediocre service of the drugstoreD. a happy accident that gave birth to Coca-ColaPassage 2Between 1833 and 1837, the publishers of a “p

41、enny press” proved that a low-priced paper, edited to interest ordinary people, could win what amounted to a mass circulation for the times and thereby attract an advertising volume that would make it independent. These were papers for the common citizen and were not tied to the interests of the bus

42、iness community, like the mercantile press, or dependent for financial support upon political party allegiance. It did not necessarily follow that all the penny papers would be superior in their handing of the news and opinion functions. But the door was open for some to make important journalistic

43、advances.The first offerings of a penny paper tended to be highly sensational; human interest stories overshadowed important news, and crime and sex stories were written in full detail. But as the penny paper attracted readers from various social and economic brackets, its sensationalism was modifie

44、d. The ordinary reader came to want a better product, too. A popularized style of writing and presentation of news remained, but the penny paper became a respectable publication that offered significant information and editorial leadership. Once the first of the successful penny papers had shown the

45、 way, later ventures could enter the competition at the higher level of journalistic responsibility the pioneering papers had reached.This was the pattern of American newspapers in the years following the founding of the New York Sun in 1833. The sun, published by Benjamin Day, entered the lists aga

46、inst 11 other dailies. It was tiny in comparison; but it was bright and readable, and it preferred human interest features to important but dull political speech reports. It had a police reporter writing squibs of crime news in the style already proved successful by some other papers. And, most impo

47、rtant, it sold for a penny, whereas its competitors sold for six cents. By 1837 the sun was printing 30,000 copies a day, which was more than the total of all 11 New York daily newspapers combined when the sun first appeared. In those same four years James Gordon Bennett brought out his New York Her

48、ald (1835), and a trio of New York printers who were imitating Days success founded the Philadelphia Public ledger (1836) and the Baltimore sun (1837).The four penny sheets all became famed newspapers. 67. What does the first paragraph say about the “penny press?”A. It was known for its in-dept

49、h news reportingB. It had an involvement with some political parties.C. It depended on the business community for survival.D. It aimed at pleasing the general public.68. In its early days, a penny paper often _-A. paid much attention to political issuesB. provided stories that hit the public tasteC.

50、 offered penetrating editorials on various issuesD. covered important news with inaccuracy69. As the readership was growing more diverse, the penny paper_A. improved its contentB. changed its writing styleC. developed a more sensational styleD. became a tool for political parries70. The underlined w

51、ord “ventures” in Paragraph 2 can best be replaced by _A. editors B. reportersC. newspapersD. companies71. What is true about the Philadelphia Public Ledger and the Baltimore sun.?A. They turned out to be failures.B. They were later purchased by James Gordon Bennett.C. They were also founded by Benj

52、amin Day.D. They became well-known newspapers in the U.S.72. This passage is probably taken from a book on _A. the work ethics of the American media B. the techniques in news reporting C. the history of sensationalism in American media D. the impact of mass media on American society Passage 3Forget

53、what Virginia Woolf said about what a writer needsa room of ones own. The writer she had in mind wasnt at work on a novel in cyberspace, one with multiple hypertexts, animated graphics and downloads of trancey, chiming music. For that you also need graphic interfaces, RealPlayer and maybe even a com

54、puter laboratory at Brown University. That was where Mark Amerikahis legally adopted name; dont ask him about his birth namecomposed much of his novel Grammatron. But Grammatron isnt just a story. Its an online narrative (G) that uses the capabilities of cyberspace to tie the conventional story line

55、 into complicate knots. In the four year it took to produceit was completed in 1997each new advance in computer software became anther potential story device. “I became sort of dependent on the industry,” jokes Amerika, who is also the author of two novels printed on paper. “Thats unusual for a writ

56、er, because if you just write on paper the technology is pretty stable.”Nothing about Grammatron is stable. At its center, if there is one, is Abe Golam, the inventor of Nanoscript, a quasimystical computer code that some unmystical corporations are itching to acquire. For much of the story, Abe wan

57、ders through Prague-23, a virtual “city” in cyberspace whare visitors indulge in fantasy encounters and virtual sex, which can get fairly graphic, The reader wanders too, because most of Grammatrons 1,000-puls text screens contain several passages in hypertext. To reach the next screen, just double-click. But each of those hypertexts is a trapdoor that can plunge you down a different pathway of the story. Choose one and you drop into a corporate-strategy memo. Choose another and theres a XXX-rated sexual rant. The story you read is