2015年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題(湖南卷,含解析)

1、2021年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題湖南卷，含解析本試卷分為四個局部，共12頁。時量120分鐘。總分值150分Part Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Section A 22.5 marksDirections: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices

2、marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question. You will hear each conversation TWICE.Conversation 11. When does the woman usually get home from work?A. About 6:30.B. About 7:30. C. About 8:30.2. What did the woman do last night?A. She watched TV. B. She record

3、ed a program. C. She prepared for a lecture.Conversation 23. How often does the man exercise at the gym? A. Every day. B. Every two days. C. Once a week.4. Where will the two speakers meet before doing exercise this Friday?A. At the park.B. At the cafe. C. At the cinema.Conversation 35. What is Mr.

4、Chester doing?A. Telephoning someone.B. Speaking to the woman.C. Leaving the man a message.6. What is the man's last name?A. Oliver.B. Horst.C. Robert.Conversation 47. Why will the woman be late?A. She didn't catch the train.B. She didn't finish her paper.C. She didn't wake up in tim

5、e.8. Where is the man?A. At the station.B. At home.C. At the office.9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Parent and child. C. Husband and wife.Conversation 510. For whom does the woman buy the T-shirt?A. Herself.B. Her husband.C. Her friend.11 .How

6、much does the T-shirt normally cost?A. $54.B. $60.C. $70.12. Why does the salesman agree to sell the T-shirt at $48?A. It is cheaper online.B. He is in a hurry.C. A button is lost.Conversation 613. When did the woman arrive?A. Friday.B. Saturday.C. Sunday.14. What major did the man choose in the end

7、?A. English.B. Biology.C . History.15. What suggestion does the man give on reading the books?A. Making notes.B. Skimming first. C. Reading word by word.Section B7.5 marksDirections: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the inform

8、ation you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.You will hear the short passage TWICESchool Web Design 16 I. Meet on 17 from 2:30 to 3:15 II. Create a website for a competition Website on your ancestor 18 18 long & well constructed Competition has a first prize of $300 for

9、 beginners & $ 18 for the advanced do it by yourself, list the software you usedPart Language Knowledge (45 marks)Section A (15 marks)Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.21.It was

10、when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. how【答案】B考點：考查強調(diào)句。22.As you go through this book, you _ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.A. will findB. foundC.

11、had foundD. have found【答案】A【解析】試題分析：一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。在一般將來時的句子中，有時有表示將來時間的狀語，有時沒有時間狀語，這時要從意思上判斷是否指未來的動作或情況。句意：當你通讀這本書的時候，你將會發(fā)現(xiàn)成千上萬的經(jīng)歷過二戰(zhàn)的每個人都有不同的經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)句意，判斷主語的時態(tài)為一般將來時，應(yīng)選A考點：考查時態(tài)。23.Only after talking to two students _ that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.A.

12、I did discoverB. did I discoverC. I discoveredD. discovered【答案】B考點：考查only置于句首的局部倒裝。24.Video games can be a poor influence if _ in the wrong hands.A. to leaveB. leaving C. leaveD. left【答案】D【解析】試題分析：用作狀語的從句叫狀語從句。狀語從句可置于句首、句末或句中，一般來說，狀語從句都比擬完整。但是，在一些狀語從句中存在的省略問題，可以歸納為以下兩點： 1. when, while, if, as if, al

13、though / though, as, until, once, whether, unless, where等引導(dǎo)的從句中，如果其謂語為be，而主語與主句的主語相同時，那么從句的主語和be可省略。有時從句的主語為it時，也可省略it或從句中的有關(guān)成分。2. than, as, no matter what /who等后面成分的省略。句意：如果電子游戲落入一個錯誤的人手中就能夠產(chǎn)生一個不良影響?？键c：考查狀語從句中的省略問題。25.I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I _, "What do you wish me to do

14、now?"A. askB. have asked C. am askingD. asked【答案】D【解析】試題分析：一般過去時表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。此題主句的時態(tài)為一般過去時，表示這個事情和動作發(fā)生在過去，故從句時態(tài)也要用一般過去時。句意：我不能隱藏我的渴望，當我問道，“你現(xiàn)在希望我做些什么？應(yīng)選D考點：考查時間狀語的時態(tài)。26.You have to know _ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.A. whatB. thatC. whereD.

15、who【答案】C考點：考查賓語從句。27. It is important to remember that success _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years of achieve.A. is; takesB. are; takesC. are; takeD. is; take【答案】A【解析】試題分析：主謂一致指“人稱和“數(shù)方面的一致關(guān)系。根據(jù)分析，第一空的謂語要填一個單數(shù)，因為此賓語從句：that success a sum ofday.的主語是success，一個單數(shù)名詞，故謂語要用is；后面的句子：ofte

16、n years to achieve.的主語也是success，故第二空的謂語也是一個單數(shù)形式。句意：成功是將每天一小點努力積累起來，是需要多年的努力去到達，記住這些很重要。考點：考查主謂一致原那么28.He must have sensed that I _ him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that?"A. would look atB. looked atC. was looking atD. am looking at【答案】C【解析】試題

17、分析：過去進行時，是表示過去某個具體時刻正在進行的事情或動作，如果沒有具體的時間，可以從意義上去把握。句意：他一定是注意到我在看著他。他突然看向我然后輕聲問道：“你為什么要那樣盯著我看？根據(jù)分析，此句在意義上應(yīng)該用進行時，又根據(jù)此句中的must have sensed和glanced at可知是過去進行時，應(yīng)選C考點：考查時態(tài)。29.It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A.

18、as B. whereC. thatD. which【答案】D考點：考查定語從句關(guān)系代詞。30._ what youre doing today important, because youre trading a day of your lifefor itA. Make B. To makeC. MakingD. Made【答案】A【解析】試題分析：伴隨狀語是指狀語從句的動作伴隨主句發(fā)生，它的特點是：它所表達的動作或狀態(tài)是伴隨著句子謂語動詞的動作而發(fā)生或存在的。句意：當?shù)陠T看到一張漂亮的臉上擠出一副抱歉的笑容時，她像扎根似的定在了那里，想著是去是留。此句的謂語動詞是stood，所以wond

19、er在此用ing形式作一個伴隨狀語。應(yīng)選A考點：考查動詞ing作伴隨狀語。31.1 am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.A. asB. whyC. whenD. where【答案】C【解析】試題分析：祈使句表示請求、命令、建議等等。謂語 動詞一律用原形。句子中通常 不用主語，句末用 驚嘆號或者句號，用降調(diào)。根據(jù)分析，that your task is to get this company running smoothly. 是作mind的同位語。

20、Keep in mind記住，句意：請時刻牢記住：你的任務(wù)就是讓這個公司正常運作。這是一個表請求的祈使句，應(yīng)選C考點：考查祈使句。32.All we need _ a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.A. areB. wasC. isD. were【答案】D考點：考查被動語態(tài)。33.Its not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have

21、 to do _ makes life happy.A. thatB. whichC. what D. who【答案】C【解析】試題分析：A. If only要是多好if only常常用來表達強烈的愿望或遺憾，因此，主要用在虛擬語氣中，用以表達強烈的愿望或非真實條件。常被譯為“但愿、“要是該多好啊等 B. After在之后用作連詞是詞，它引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句如果具有將來意義，往往要用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示(有時也用現(xiàn)在完成時)，而不能直接用一般將來時C. Although雖然表示“雖然時，不要根據(jù)漢語習慣，在后面使用連詞 but, 不過有時它可與 yet, still, nevertheless 等副

22、詞連用 D. In case萬一，假使引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句；句意：雖然那個工作要花大量的時間，但是許多學生都覺得經(jīng)歷是值得的。應(yīng)選C考點：考查連詞。34.Whenever you _ a present, you should think about it from the receivers point of view.A. boughtB. have boughtC. will buyD. buy【答案】A【解析】試題分析：talk over討論，根據(jù)分析，可知act as a listening ear for fellow student to do sth中的to do sth是作stu

23、dent的賓語補足語。句意：有時我充當一個傾聽者來傾聽我的同學們討論他們的煩心事。應(yīng)選A考點：考查不定式作賓語補足語。35._ ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.A. Having freedB. FreedC. To free D. Freeing【答案】B考點：考查if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語。Section B (18 marks)Directions: For each blank in the following passage there

24、 are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.It was a rainy morning and the children, mainly boys with various learning difficulties, refused to settle for the start of the lesson. As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every me

25、ans to get them to be 36 , but in vain. my panic was rising and I could feel my heart beating wildly. This was the 37 of my job as a music teacher, I thought - teaching was not for me. Then I had an idea. Hoping that no one would notice that I was 38 inside, I threw my voice as far as it would reach

26、: "Put your heads on the desks and close your 39 ! We are going on a journey." 40 , the children fell silent. "Now what should I do?" I thought to myself. Reaching over to my collection of CDs, I blindly 41 , put it in the machine and played it.Obediently (順從地), my class lay thei

27、r heads on their desk, closed their eyes and 42 . When the music started, the room as filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors I could have ever imagined. All the children were 43 . When the music finished, I asked them all to raise their 44 slowly so that we could share our musical j

28、ourney.At this point, when all the children were willing to share their experiences, I began to learn how to 45 . The music allow me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect, tears and smiles, the knowing and the 46 and most of all, an understanding of each other. This was the power that

29、47 in the classroom could have.36 A. glad B. safeC. kindD. quiet37.A. end B. aimC. ruleD. plan38.A. guessing B. shaking C. responding D. laughing39.A. eyes B. mouths C. booksD. doors40.A. Punctually B. Importantly C. Amazingly D. Obviously41.A. passed one on B. gave one back C. turned one in D. took

30、 one out42.A. slept B. nodded C. waited D. continued43.A. talking B. singing C. dancing D. listening44.A. legs B. headsC. arm D. shoulders45.A. teach B. imagine C. play D. understand46.A. unprepared B. unspoken C. unknown D. unforgotten47.A. games B. musicC. tears D. knowledge【答案】 36D37A38B39A40C41D

31、42C43D44B45A46C47B42C;考查動詞。根據(jù)后文的：When the music started, the room was filled with the most beautiful tones and musical colors.可知當作者將音樂放進機器里，學生們趴在自己的桌子上靜靜地等著音樂響起來，應(yīng)選C43D;考查動詞。老師在放音樂，當然學生們都在聽，listening放在此較其他選項都比擬適宜。應(yīng)選D44B;考查名詞。Raise sbs head(s)抬起頭來。句意：當音樂放完的時候，我要求他們所有人慢慢地抬起頭來，那樣的話，我們就可以一起分享我們的音樂之旅。應(yīng)選B

32、45A;考查動詞。根據(jù)前文：At this point, when all the children were willing to share their experiences,可知學生們從開始的不愿響應(yīng)作者到最后跟著作者一起參與其中，這讓作者開始知道怎么教書了，應(yīng)選A46C;考查形容詞。A. unprepared為準備好的 B. unspoken無言的 C. unknown未知的 D. unforegotten難忘的；根據(jù)前文有the knowing的，又有and連接，可知橫向上填unknown未知的，構(gòu)成像前文tears and smiles那樣的比照，形成對仗，應(yīng)選C47B;考查名詞

33、。根據(jù)前文：The music allowed me to learn that teaching is about sharing and respect, tears and smiles, the knowing and the unknown and, most of all, an understanding of each other.可知這些都是音樂的好處，它讓我們知道了分享和尊重，淚水和歡笑，與未知，最主要的是它讓我們相互了解。所以最后一句作者旨在總結(jié)：這就是課堂音樂所擁有的力量考點：記事類短文閱讀。Section C (12 marks)Directions: Complet

34、e the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.Research has become both simpler and more complex. It's simpler because, 48 you have computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all you information, you don't have to go

35、to 49 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 50 print the copies needed. Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you 51 always rely just on the Internet for you research.While fi

36、nding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 52 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 53 the amount of information. You need to learn 54 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Als

37、o, 5547 need to check the accuracy of it.【答案】 48if49the 50and51shouldnt52more53with 54how55you考點：科普類短文閱讀。Part Reading Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished .statements For each of them there are four chokes

38、marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.AForget Cyclists, Pedestrians are Real DangerWe are having a debate about this topic. Here are some letters from our readers. Yes, many cyclists behave dangerously. Many drivers are disrespectful of

39、 cyclists. But pedestrians are probably the worse offenders. People of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone, quite unaware of what is going on around them. They may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere. T

40、he rest of us have to evade (避讓) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision. The real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be, at least for the moment, in worlds of their own that are, to them, much more important than the welfare of others. Michael Horan I love the letter fr

41、om Bob Brooks about cyclists (Viewpoints, May 29). I am afraid they seem to think they own the roads. I was walking across Altrincham Road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me. The government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly us

42、ed. The police do nothing. What a laugh they are! The cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets, fluorescent (發(fā)熒光的) jacket and lights at night and in the morning they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them. Carol Harvey Cyclists jump on and of

43、f pavements (which are meant for pedestrians), ride at speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red. I was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him. Other road us

44、ers, including horse riders, manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists? It's about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim. JML Write to Viewpoints

45、of the newspaper.56.Michael Horan wrote the letter mainly to show that _.A. drivers should be polite to cyclistsB. road accidents can actually be avoidedC. sine pedestrians are a threat to road safetyD. walking while using phones hurts one's eyes57.Carol Harvey suggests that cyclists should _.A.

46、 be provided with enough roadsB. be asked to ride on their own lanesC. be made to pay less tax for cyclingD. be fined for laughing at policemen58.What is a complaint of JML? A. Very few drivers are insured.B. Cyclists ride fast on pavements.C. Pedestrians go through red traffic lights.D. Horse rider

47、s disrespect other road users.59.The underlined word "they" in the third letter refers to _.A. accidentsB. vehiclesC. pedestriansD. cyclists60.The three letters present viewpoints on _.A. real source of road dangerB. ways to improve road facilitiesC. measures to punish road offencesD. incr

48、eased awareness of road rules【答案】 56C57B58B59D60A考點：社會現(xiàn)象類短文閱讀。BIn its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to

49、his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies, "No, thanks. I've got a good horse under me."The city planner decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the wate

50、r level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced me the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet.This

51、 of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new

52、street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building?That's where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house-moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like the Tr

53、emont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋千斤頂) beneath the building's foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly a

54、nd evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stay open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening. Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago's early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new pr

55、oblem. Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the city's next step was to clean the polluted river.61.The author mentions the joke to show _.A. horses were fairly useful in ChicagoB. Chicago's streets were extremely muddyC. Chicago was very dangerous in the springD. the Chicago people were particularly humorous62.The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to_.A. get rid of the street dirtB. lower the Chicago RiverC. fight against heavy floodsD. build the pipes above ground63.The underlin