英語四級長對話聽力技巧

1、四級聽力長對話技巧和練習(xí)四級聽力長對話技巧和練習(xí)四級聽力題目構(gòu)成與比例小對話： 8% 選擇題共8道對話，每題長約1分鐘 長對話： 7% 選擇題共2段對話，每段長約3分鐘聽力短文： 10% 選擇題 共3篇文章，每篇長約3分鐘 復(fù)合式聽寫：10% 聽寫填空 填8個(gè)單詞和三句話，放音三遍，共計(jì)8分鐘聽力考試設(shè)置了8個(gè)短對話、2組長對話（每組6-10 個(gè)話輪，兩組共7個(gè)問題）、三篇聽力短文（200-240詞左右，總共10個(gè)問題）以及復(fù)合式聽寫（8個(gè)單詞、3個(gè)句子，240280詞）。 聽力長對話題型分析從2006年6月第一套四級新題型出爐以來，聽力比重由以前的20%上升至35%，其中，長對話是新增的題型

2、，所占比重為7%。長對話題目序號：19-25。長對話共兩組，一般16-17個(gè)句子，8-9個(gè)回合的問答，字?jǐn)?shù)在22-250個(gè)單詞左右，每篇對話后有3-4個(gè)問題。聽力長對話題型分析聽力長對話是四級考試中的一大難點(diǎn)，它篇幅長，信息量大，因此技巧的運(yùn)用就顯得很有必要。在做這一題時(shí)，考生應(yīng)該牢記：不不要奢望將所有內(nèi)容一字不差地完全聽懂或記要奢望將所有內(nèi)容一字不差地完全聽懂或記住，因?yàn)榧词乖谌粘Ｉ钪杏媚刚Z對話，記住，因?yàn)榧词乖谌粘Ｉ钪杏媚刚Z對話，記住聽到的每個(gè)詞也幾乎是不可能的，同時(shí)也住聽到的每個(gè)詞也幾乎是不可能的，同時(shí)也是不必要的。是不必要的。在日常生活中，我們只要掌握自己關(guān)心的內(nèi)容就可以了。而在四

3、級的聽力考試中，我們則要抓住關(guān)鍵的命題點(diǎn)。聽力長對話題型分析長對話一般是男士說一句，女士說一句，構(gòu)成一個(gè)話輪。兩組長對話的聽力理解問題一般隨話輪的交替而尋問事件構(gòu)成的諸要素（如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、涉及人物、起因、結(jié)果、事件發(fā)展的階段、結(jié)果等），事件的因果關(guān)系，事件的邏輯對比和對照等關(guān)系，涉及年代、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等重要的細(xì)節(jié)信息，以及對話一方的下一步行為和打算等。聽力長對話題型分析長對話是一般設(shè)計(jì)為6-20句之間，3到10個(gè)話輪，字?jǐn)?shù)在120-250之間。每篇長對話的問題為2-5個(gè)。長對話涉及的內(nèi)容更加深入，人物態(tài)度，語氣，情感變化更復(fù)雜，一般不能簡單依賴某個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞來判斷整篇對話的含義，有時(shí)更依賴于推斷和判

4、斷。長對話必然有一個(gè)中心議題，對話雙方都是圍繞該中心而展開話題，理解長對話的關(guān)鍵就是把握住對話的中心、發(fā)展及話題的轉(zhuǎn)換。聽力長對話題型分析長對話的場景指人物，身份或職業(yè)，議論的問題，時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)等等的綜合概念。清晰的場景會在考生頭腦中形成氛圍，容易把握對話的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，使對話情節(jié)的發(fā)展更加順理成章。很多場景都與考生的日常學(xué)習(xí)、生活相關(guān)，如：學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)場景（教務(wù)場景，選課場景，補(bǔ)課場景和論文學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)場景（教務(wù)場景，選課場景，補(bǔ)課場景和論文場景等），涉及學(xué)期計(jì)劃、調(diào)課信息、考試安排、課程場景等），涉及學(xué)期計(jì)劃、調(diào)課信息、考試安排、課程介紹、選課資格、難易程度、課程負(fù)荷、補(bǔ)課原因及內(nèi)介紹、選課資格、難易程

5、度、課程負(fù)荷、補(bǔ)課原因及內(nèi)容、論文題目、查找資料等，考查的重點(diǎn)是各項(xiàng)事務(wù)的容、論文題目、查找資料等，考查的重點(diǎn)是各項(xiàng)事務(wù)的細(xì)節(jié)問題、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、計(jì)劃推遲或變更的原因等；生細(xì)節(jié)問題、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、計(jì)劃推遲或變更的原因等；生活相關(guān)場景包括體育場景，娛樂場景，租房場景等，涉活相關(guān)場景包括體育場景，娛樂場景，租房場景等，涉及郊游、運(yùn)動(dòng)、健身、音樂會、玩的計(jì)劃、房東、住戶、及郊游、運(yùn)動(dòng)、健身、音樂會、玩的計(jì)劃、房東、住戶、評價(jià)、價(jià)格、地理位置；工作相關(guān)場景包括面試、涉及評價(jià)、價(jià)格、地理位置；工作相關(guān)場景包括面試、涉及對工作的態(tài)度和評價(jià)、工作條件、手續(xù)、工資待遇、工對工作的態(tài)度和評價(jià)、工作條件、手續(xù)、工資待

6、遇、工作環(huán)境、工作時(shí)間、教育背景、特長等作環(huán)境、工作時(shí)間、教育背景、特長等。聽力長對話應(yīng)試技巧及訓(xùn)練方法在長對話部分，考生應(yīng)當(dāng)保持良好的考試心態(tài)保持良好的考試心態(tài)，在聽力過程中善于利用做題間隙調(diào)整大腦的緊張狀態(tài)，做到一張一弛；頭腦要冷靜、精神集中；避免過分注重某個(gè)單詞從而影響對全篇中心思想的理解，聽不懂的部分不要過多糾纏；充分利用播放考場指令、題目說明和例句時(shí)時(shí)間，瀏覽問題的選項(xiàng)，推測聽力的主要內(nèi)容，盡可能的找出一些背景信息、關(guān)鍵詞。聽力理解技巧包括瞬時(shí)聽力理解技巧包括瞬時(shí)記憶的能力、篩選要點(diǎn)的能力、推理演繹的能力、記憶的能力、篩選要點(diǎn)的能力、推理演繹的能力、以及運(yùn)用背景知識的能力以及運(yùn)用背景

7、知識的能力 。聽力長對話應(yīng)試技巧及訓(xùn)練方法此外，還涉及詞匯、語法、語音、語調(diào)詞匯、語法、語音、語調(diào)等語言的基本知識。盡量避免將每個(gè)單詞和句子翻譯成漢語，而應(yīng)當(dāng)逐漸培養(yǎng)用英語思維，不但可以節(jié)約時(shí)間還可以提高理解力。具備一定的背景知識對所聽的對話和短文會有一種熟悉感，一個(gè)更深刻的理解，甚至能彌補(bǔ)語言上的一些不足。 聽力長對話應(yīng)試技巧及訓(xùn)練方法長對話的篇幅較長，想要聽過之后就能將主要的內(nèi)容都清楚地記在腦子里，幾乎是不可能的?？忌挥新犚槐榈臋C(jī)會，只能邊聽、邊記、邊答。 邊聽邊記邊聽邊記并不是要把聽到的每一個(gè)單詞都記下來，筆記無非是幫助記憶的手段，只要能把重要的信息用可識別的符號記錄用可識別的符號記錄

8、下來，就算達(dá)到了目的。聽力長對話應(yīng)試技巧及訓(xùn)練方法聽力分聽前、聽中和聽后聽前、聽中和聽后三個(gè)階段，具有各自的實(shí)施過程、預(yù)測、記憶以及綜合判斷能力。聽力長對話應(yīng)試技巧及訓(xùn)練方法聽前預(yù)測聽前預(yù)測是指從所給的文字材料和答案選項(xiàng)等線索中發(fā)現(xiàn)一些背景信息，力求縮小談話者的話題，幫助考生搞清所聽內(nèi)容的類型和結(jié)構(gòu)甚至主題，從而使考生在考試中避免過分注重每個(gè)單詞從而影響對全篇中心思想的理解。有兩點(diǎn)值得特別關(guān)注：注意重復(fù)的詞注意重復(fù)的詞語，注意各個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的不同點(diǎn)，注意一些不語，注意各個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的不同點(diǎn)，注意一些不同的名字，地點(diǎn)及不同的動(dòng)詞。同的名字，地點(diǎn)及不同的動(dòng)詞?？忌鷳?yīng)搶時(shí)間閱讀試卷上的選項(xiàng)，爭取主動(dòng)，以便在

9、聽音時(shí)有針對性。聽力長對話應(yīng)試技巧及訓(xùn)練方法聽的過程中聽的過程中要強(qiáng)化記憶，對所聽的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行聯(lián)想，并對所聽到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)募庸ぃ瑢φw和細(xì)節(jié)不可偏廢。重視整體的題目是詢問對話或短文的中心思想，因此千萬要有整體概念千萬要有整體概念，不要只記細(xì)節(jié)而忽視整體。 聽力長對話應(yīng)試技巧及訓(xùn)練方法聽完后聽完后必須對所聽到的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行分析、綜合、推理、判斷，挑選和問題有關(guān)的信息，放棄無用的。排除明顯錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)。排除明顯錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)。及時(shí)排除明顯錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)，將有助于你提高正確率提高正確率。把握做題的節(jié)奏，做到答題的節(jié)奏與提問的節(jié)答題的節(jié)奏與提問的節(jié)奏相一致奏相一致，一旦答題的節(jié)奏落后了，就會手忙腳亂，出錯(cuò)的幾率大

10、大增加。聽力長對話應(yīng)試技巧及訓(xùn)練方法一人一句的短對話涉及的只是一個(gè)“點(diǎn)點(diǎn)”，而長對話涉及的是一個(gè)“面面”。短對話的答案一般是“顯而易見顯而易見”的，而長對話有時(shí)更依賴于推斷和判斷推斷和判斷。盡管如此，長對話必然有一個(gè)中心議題，中心議題，中心議題正是該“面”的凝聚點(diǎn)，對話雙方都是圍繞該中心而展開話題，對于長對話而言，做出正確選擇的關(guān)鍵就是把握住對話的中心思想把握住對話的中心思想。四級聽力長對話應(yīng)試策略一一. . 聽前預(yù)測聽前預(yù)測二二. . 聽時(shí)抓聽時(shí)抓“點(diǎn)點(diǎn)” 三三. . 演練演練 四四. . 解析解析 一、聽前預(yù)測兩個(gè)原則：1. 1. 先縱后橫先縱后橫所謂“先縱”，就是首先通讀每篇后的3-4個(gè)

11、小題，找出關(guān)鍵詞找出關(guān)鍵詞，前后聯(lián)系，預(yù)測全篇大致主題。所謂“后橫”，就是在仍有時(shí)間的情況下，通看各通看各題選項(xiàng)，看看是否存在生詞，總結(jié)長句的核心意思題選項(xiàng)，看看是否存在生詞，總結(jié)長句的核心意思，以此預(yù)測考點(diǎn)和可能的答案。兩步預(yù)測都要注意隨時(shí)做出標(biāo)注做出標(biāo)注, ,劃出關(guān)鍵詞或簡劃出關(guān)鍵詞或簡寫長句的大意寫長句的大意,因?yàn)閱螒{記憶在單憑記憶在“高壓高壓”的聽力考的聽力考試中是萬萬靠不住的。試中是萬萬靠不住的。以2006年6月Conversation One為例:19.A)To make a business report to the woman . B) To be interviewed f

12、or a job in the womans company. C) To resign from his position in the womans company. D) To exchange stock market information with the woman.20.A)He is head of a small treading company. B) He works in an international insurance company. C )He leads s team of brokers in a big company. D) He is a publ

13、ic relations officer in a small company.21.A)The woman thinks Mr.Saunders is asking for more than they can offer. B) Mr.Saunders will share one third of the womans responsibilities. C) Mr.Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations. D) The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr.Saunders past

14、 experience.首先通過business, resign和company可得出本對話的大致主題是有關(guān)職業(yè),再聯(lián)系出現(xiàn)的interview,想到或許與求職有關(guān),并順理成章地想到可能會談到職位的要求、新職位的性質(zhì)以及薪酬等等。這就是上面所說的“先縱”。此后我們可對選項(xiàng)中較長的詞語做標(biāo)注,如下劃線所示。通過聽錄音我們發(fā)現(xiàn)本題答案的對應(yīng)信息在原文中是“you are the person we are looking for.”, 正是“be satisfied ”的同義置換。這就是上面所說的“后橫”?？梢?事先標(biāo)注關(guān)鍵信息,可讓我們在聽時(shí)將注意力集中到更小的“點(diǎn)”，起到事半功倍的效果。2分清

15、主次與生活中的情形相似，雙方對話的時(shí)候常有主次之分，當(dāng)一方詢問一方詢問，另一方作答時(shí)，關(guān)鍵信息多出現(xiàn)在作答一方作答一方，考點(diǎn)自然也就多出于此。分清對話雙方的主次對于我們預(yù)測考點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)的位置很重要，方法也簡單易行。長對話中，對話雙方往往出現(xiàn)多個(gè)一問一答，而這一恰恰是長對話的一個(gè)出題重點(diǎn)，對話后面問題往往就是對話原文中問題的對話后面問題往往就是對話原文中問題的照搬或是同義轉(zhuǎn)述照搬或是同義轉(zhuǎn)述，因此其答案就是對話中緊接問題之后的答語。技巧二：聽時(shí)抓“點(diǎn)”1. 考點(diǎn)均勻分布，易出現(xiàn)在話輪轉(zhuǎn)換處考點(diǎn)均勻分布，易出現(xiàn)在話輪轉(zhuǎn)換處首先，長對話后設(shè)的3-4個(gè)小題一般均勻地均勻地分布在對話的每個(gè)回合分布在對話的每

16、個(gè)回合，極少出現(xiàn)某一個(gè)回合包含兩個(gè)考點(diǎn)的情況。其次，考點(diǎn)的位置多是話輪轉(zhuǎn)換位置多是話輪轉(zhuǎn)換的時(shí)候。具體的說，就是對話一方某段發(fā)言的開頭和結(jié)對話一方某段發(fā)言的開頭和結(jié)尾部分尾部分，這也完全符合西方人的思維習(xí)慣，即在發(fā)言伊始多是開門見山，而在發(fā)言結(jié)尾處又總括強(qiáng)調(diào)。以2006年12月Conversation Two為例：M: Hi, Miss Rowling, how old were you when you started to write? And what was your first book?W: I wrote my first story when I was about six.

17、It was about a small animal, a rabbit, I mean, and Ive been writing ever since. (22題考點(diǎn) What do we learn from the conversation about Miss Rowlings first book?)M: Why did you choose to be an author?W: If someone asked me how to achieve happiness, step one would be finding out what you love doing most

18、and step two would be finding someone to pay you to do this. I consider myself very lucky indeed to be able to support myself by writing. (23題考點(diǎn) Why does Miss Rowling consider her so very lucky?)M: Do you have any plans to write books for adults?W: My first two novels were for adults. I suppose I mi

19、ght write another one, but I never really imagine a target audience when Im writing. The ideas come first, so it really depends on the ideas that grasp me next. (24題考點(diǎn) What dictates Miss Rowlings writing?)M: Where did the ideas for the Harry Potter books come from?W: Ive no idea where the ideas came

20、 from. And I hope Ill never find out. (25題考點(diǎn)According to Miss Rowling where did she get the ideas for the Harry Porter books?) It would spoil my excitement if it turned out I just have a funny wrinkle on the surface of my brain, which makes me think about the invisible train platform.2006.12 convers

21、ation two22. A) It was about a little animal.B) It took her six years to write.C) It was adapted from a fairy tale.D) It was about a little girl and her pet.23. A) She knows how to write best-selling novels.B) She can earn a lot of money by writing for adults.C) She is able to win enough support fro

22、m publishers.D) She can make a living by doing what she likes.24. A) The characters. B) The readers. C) Her ideas. D) Her life experiences.25. A) She doesnt really know where they originated.B) She mainly drew on stories of ancient saints.C) They popped out of her childhood dreams.D) They grew out o

23、f her long hours of thinking.2. 重復(fù)率較高的詞或短語多成為考點(diǎn)對話的主要內(nèi)容理所當(dāng)然會得到說話人的強(qiáng)調(diào)，而一個(gè)非常重要且明顯的強(qiáng)調(diào)方式就是重復(fù)，故重復(fù)的詞語往往能夠揭示對重復(fù)的詞語往往能夠揭示對話的主題話的主題。以2007年6月長對話為例19.A) The hotel clerk had put his reservation under another name.B) The hotel clerk insisted that he didnt make any reservation.C) The hotel clerk tried to take adva

24、ntage of his inexperience.D) The hotel clerk couldnt find his reservation for that night.20.A) A grand wedding was being held in the hotel.B) There was a conference going on in the city.C) The hotel was undergoing major repairs.D) It was a busy season for holiday-makers.21.A) It was free of charge o

25、n weekends.B) It had a 15% discount on weekdays.C) It was offered to frequent guests only.D) It was 10% cheaper than in other hotels.22.A) Demand compensation from the hotel.B) Ask for an additional discount.C) Complain to the hotel manager.D) Find a cheaper room in another hotel.技巧三：留意數(shù)字、人名、地名、時(shí)間、年

26、代等信息留意數(shù)字、人名、地名、時(shí)間、年代等信息遇到數(shù)字、人名、地名、時(shí)間、年代時(shí)要對相關(guān)信息做簡要記錄簡要記錄，尤其是選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)類似的概念時(shí)，在聽音時(shí)更應(yīng)重點(diǎn)留意。應(yīng)試技巧綜述 概括地說，要聽好長對話，必須做到以下五點(diǎn)：（1）通過預(yù)讀選項(xiàng)信息迅速把握它們的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系預(yù)測所聽對話材料的基本內(nèi)容并且從各個(gè)問題間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系提煉出對話的中心思想提煉出對話的中心思想，更好地理解個(gè)檢測點(diǎn)的細(xì)節(jié)。 下面兩點(diǎn)值得特別關(guān)注：a.注意重復(fù)的詞語注意重復(fù)的詞語，這些詞通常會給你一些線索，還會幫助你回憶起你在題目中聽過的名稱b.注意各個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的不同點(diǎn)注意各個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的不同點(diǎn)，注意一些不同的名字，地點(diǎn)及不同的動(dòng)詞，這些不同

27、之處將會幫你確定這道題中哪些是你要聽的關(guān)鍵。（2）排除明顯錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)排除明顯錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)。及時(shí)排除明顯錯(cuò)誤的選項(xiàng)，將有助于你提高正確率。（3）把握做題的節(jié)奏把握做題的節(jié)奏。做題的節(jié)奏在聽力中比在其他部分要重要得多，每一項(xiàng)提問的時(shí)間間隔都是相同的，這就暗示著答題的節(jié)奏感。做到答題的節(jié)奏與提問的節(jié)奏相一致，一旦答題的節(jié)奏落后了，就會手忙腳亂，出錯(cuò)的幾率大大增加。（4）提高短期記憶能力提高短期記憶能力，學(xué)會腦筆同記，邊聽邊記和一系列適用自己的記憶方法。（5）熟悉各種固定的提問形式熟悉各種固定的提問形式，根據(jù)對話的發(fā)展預(yù)測可能提出的問題。長對話中的場景由于對話較多，長對話的場景就顯得格外重要，準(zhǔn)確判斷對

28、話的場（situation），對把握對話的中心思想是非常有幫助的。下面是對長對話經(jīng)常涉及到的幾種情況做了歸類，主要分成三大類：學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)類，學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)類，生活相關(guān)類和工作相關(guān)類生活相關(guān)類和工作相關(guān)類。注意：這與短對話中的場景有所不同，長對話更注重較大、較細(xì)致的場景。學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)類學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān)類往往是長對話的重點(diǎn)。內(nèi)容粗略可分為教務(wù)場景，選課場景，補(bǔ)課場景教務(wù)場景，選課場景，補(bǔ)課場景和論文場景和論文場景等。（1）教務(wù)場景教務(wù)場景場景人物：由教師（導(dǎo)師）或?qū)W監(jiān)等教務(wù)人員向?qū)W生說明一些學(xué)校課程的安排情況。經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的問題和答案Q: Who is the speaker?A: teacher, professor,

29、 instructor,advisorQ: When does the talk take place?A: at the beginning( in the middle, at the end of the semester)Q: Where does the talk take place?A: classroom, lecture hallQ: What is the topic?A: changes in the schedule the schedule of this semesterexam scheduleinformation about on coursemidterm,

30、 finals, count for 50% of your score, class discussion, seminar, workshop(講習(xí)班), take attendance(點(diǎn)名), elementary, intermediate, advanced等。常用的詞匯和詞組：常用的詞匯和詞組：如06.6 :long conversation two22.A)Shes worried about the seminar. B) The man keeps interrupting her. C) She finds it too hard. D) She lacks intere

31、st in it.23.A)The lecturers are boring. B) The course is poorly designed. C) She prefers Philosophy to English. D) She enjoys literature more.24.A)Karens friend. B) Karens parents. C) Karens lecturers. D) Karens herself.25.A)Changing her major. B) Spending less of her parents money. C) Getting trans

32、ferred to the English Department. D) Leaving the university.（2）選課場景選課場景場景人物：師生之間或?qū)W生之間談?wù)撨x課的話題場景涉及的內(nèi)容：學(xué)生是否有資格選某一門課，對于老師的談?wù)?，課程的難易程度，選某一門課的好處和壞處。解題思路：學(xué)生覺得課程太難，負(fù)荷太重。解題思路：學(xué)生覺得課程太難，負(fù)荷太重。常用的詞匯和詞組：required, compulsory, elective, selective, optional, course, description, catalog, bulletin, prerequisite course

33、(預(yù)修課程), preliminary course(預(yù)備課程), such a heavy load, excellent reputation, drop a course(退修課程)等。（3）補(bǔ)課場景補(bǔ)課場景場景人物：同學(xué)之間補(bǔ)課。場景涉及的內(nèi)容：通常是某學(xué)生因?yàn)槟承┰蜻t到或曠課了，事后找另一個(gè)同學(xué)補(bǔ)課，所以必會牽扯到專業(yè)內(nèi)容。經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的問題和答案：Why was the man late for class? (Why did the man ask the woman about the lecture?）He overslept (was sick, had some troub

34、le with his car, had to go to see the doctor, dentist, had an emergencyWhat confused the man?常用的詞匯和詞組：fill sb. in (暫代某人), Youve really lost me there(你真的讓我糊涂了), make sense, miss a pretty important class, clarify the misunderstanding, check the notes等（4）論文場景論文場景場景人物：教授與學(xué)生，或者學(xué)生之間進(jìn)行討論。場景涉及的內(nèi)容：討論論文寫作的相關(guān)事

35、宜，比如：論文題目，查找資料等等。常用的詞匯和詞組：explore the topic, published resources, bibliography/reference, intellectual dishonesty, plagiarism(剽竊), get an early start, gather materials等。生活相關(guān)類包括體育場景，娛樂場景，租房場景體育場景，娛樂場景，租房場景等。 （1）體育場景體育場景場景人物：同學(xué)，朋友或家庭成員一起出去郊游。場景涉及的內(nèi)容：往往是一些熱門的運(yùn)動(dòng)，如cycling, rock climbing, skiing.解題思路：目的不在

36、于比賽，而是好玩，健解題思路：目的不在于比賽，而是好玩，健身，交友。身，交友。一些運(yùn)動(dòng)，如cycling，往往是以team, club或association的形式存在的。常見的詞匯和詞組：ski, outdoors, get in great shape, ensure the safety, first aid(急救), check the trails, physical education, belts, patience, mental discipline, expert riders, starting line, 等。（2）娛樂場景娛樂場景場景人物：同學(xué)，朋友或家庭成員。場景涉

37、及的內(nèi)容：包括郊游，參加運(yùn)動(dòng)，聽音樂會，談?wù)撏娴挠?jì)劃等。解題思路：一般說到娛樂，常見的項(xiàng)目解題思路：一般說到娛樂，常見的項(xiàng)目有g(shù)o on a picnic, hiking trip, camping trip, go to a concert, see a movie, play the ball, ski, traveling等。常見的詞匯和詞組：enjoy, good day, take a break, relax, reserve a court(預(yù)定一個(gè)球場), a night-out, take your mind off your test, fair weather等。（3）租

38、房場景租房場景場景人物：房東，住戶場景涉及的內(nèi)容：和房東的相處甚至討價(jià)還價(jià)。對房子的評價(jià)，包括價(jià)格，地理位置，也常常涉及到租房子的過程。解題思路：學(xué)生一般傾向于找價(jià)格低的房子，解題思路：學(xué)生一般傾向于找價(jià)格低的房子，所以房子的條件一般比較差，經(jīng)常會出一些所以房子的條件一般比較差，經(jīng)常會出一些毛?。挥捎诜孔泳o張，找房子，租房子的過毛?。挥捎诜孔泳o張，找房子，租房子的過程往往很不容易。程往往很不容易。常見的詞匯和詞組：roommate, dormitory, live on/ off campus, utilities, heating costs, temporary accommodation

39、, landlord, apartment, sublet（做二房東）, dishwasher, messy, a leaky faucet(漏水的水龍頭), tenant, afford等。工作相關(guān)類工作相關(guān)類應(yīng)聘（面試）場景應(yīng)聘（面試）場景常景人物：聘方人員和應(yīng)聘者。場景涉及的內(nèi)容：對于某種工作的態(tài)度和評價(jià)，應(yīng)聘該工作的條件，如何辦理相關(guān)手續(xù)，工資待遇和工作環(huán)境，工作時(shí)間等。解題思路：應(yīng)聘者介紹自己的情況，如：解題思路：應(yīng)聘者介紹自己的情況，如：教育背景，特長等，聘方人員一般要介紹教育背景，特長等，聘方人員一般要介紹工作的性質(zhì)，工資待遇以及上下班時(shí)間。工作的性質(zhì)，工資待遇以及上下班時(shí)間。常

40、見的詞匯和詞組：teaching assistant, research assistant, lab assistant, administrative assistant, waiter, waitress, nanny/babysitter, dishwashing, application procedure, reference, salary, wage, demand physical endurance, pre-career training(崗前培訓(xùn)), permanent employment, stipend（生活費(fèi)）, bonus, part-time job等。公司

41、場景公司場景公司有個(gè)空缺空缺，我去遞了求職信和我的簡歷求職信和我的簡歷。簡歷包括幾個(gè)部分：基本信息基本信息/ /個(gè)人資料、個(gè)人資料、教育背景、工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和證書等教育背景、工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)、獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和證書等。終于要 面試面試了，問我有沒有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，是否可以加班加班？我說加班可以，要加錢。工資居然是周薪周薪，而不是月薪月薪。還有獎(jiǎng)金和津貼獎(jiǎng)金和津貼，這樣算起來年收入年收入也不少，而且以后有升職升職的機(jī)會。老板也說了，不好好工作，就解雇解雇你，再雇雇個(gè)新人，讓你辭職辭職，讓你下崗下崗。job vacancy 有空缺職位letter of application 求職信resume 簡歷resume包

42、括幾部分basic / personal info. 基本信息/個(gè)人資academic background 教育背景work experience 工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)certificates and honors interview 面試 offer 聘用信work experience 工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)work overtime 加班ask for a raise 加錢wage 周薪salary 日薪bonus獎(jiǎng)金allowance 津貼annual income 年收入promotion 升職fire 解雇resign 辭職retire 退休laid-off 下崗work / job / career 工

43、作2006.6 Long conversation one19.A)To make a business report to the woman . B) To be interviewed for a job in the womans company. C) To resign from his position in the womans company. D) To exchange stock market information with the woman.20.A) He is head of a small treading company. B) He works in a

44、n international insurance company. C) He leads s team of brokers in a big company. D) He is a public relations officer in a small company.21.A)The woman thinks Mr.Saunders is asking for more than they can offer B) Mr.Saunders will share one third of the womans responsibilitiesC) Mr.Saunders believes

45、 that he deserves more paid vacationsD) The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr.Saunders past experience.W: Please have a seat, Mr. Saunders. I received your job resume last week, and it was very impressed.（單詞學(xué)習(xí)）-考題點(diǎn)M: Thank you!W: We are a small financial company trading mostly stocks and bonds may

46、 I ask why you are so interested in working for us?M: Your company has an impressive reputation and Ive always wanted to work for a smaller company.W: Thats good to hear. Would you mind telling me a little bit about your present job?M: Im currently working in a large international company in charge

47、of a team of 8 brokers. We buy and sell stocks for major clients worldwide.W: Why do you think you are the right candidate for this position?M: As a head broker, I have a lot of experiences in the stock market, I deal with the clients on the daily bases, and I enjoy working with people.W: Well, you

48、might just be the person weve been looking for. Do you have any questions?M: Aha, if I were hired, how many accounts would I be handling?W: you will be working with two other head brokers, in another words, you will be handling about a third of our clients.M: And who would I report to?W: Directly to

49、 me.M: I see. What kind of benefits package do you offer?W: Two weeks of paid vacation in your first year employment, you are also been entitled to medical and dental insurance, but this is something you should discuss with our Personnel Department. Do you have any other questions?M: No not at the m

50、oment.W: Well, I have to discuss you application with my colleagues and well get back to you early next week.M: OK, thanks, its been nice meeting you!W: Nice meeting you too! And thanks for coming in today.19. Whats the purpose of Mr. Saunders visit?20. What is Mr. Saunders current job?21. What can

51、we conclude from the conversation?詞匯學(xué)習(xí)1. Impressed -Impression-impressive他的簡歷讓人印象深刻。2. stocks and bonds證券 3. reputation 名聲，聲譽(yù)。 這個(gè)老師聲譽(yù)不錯(cuò)。4.In charge of 負(fù)責(zé)：The woman in charge of the accounts department is an absolute dragon! 5. candidate現(xiàn)學(xué)現(xiàn)用造句：1. 他的簡歷讓人印象深刻，看來他就是這個(gè)職位最好的候選人。2. 他負(fù)責(zé)管理一家證券機(jī)構(gòu)（Institution）

52、。3.他的名聲不好，人事部準(zhǔn)備辭退他。三、真實(shí)場景再現(xiàn)-樣題研究下面以2007年6月長對話為例，讓考生明確一些做題技巧和復(fù)習(xí)備考方法。聽錄音，回答以下問題：Questions 19 lo 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) The hotel clerk had put his reservation under another name.B) The hotel clerk insisted that he didnt make any reservation.C) The hotel clerk tried

53、to take advantage of his inexperience. D) The hotel clerk couldnt find his reservation for that night.20.A) A grand wedding was being held in the hotel.B) There was a conference going on in the city.C) The hotel was undergoing major repairs. D）It was a busy season for holiday-makers.21.A) It was fre

54、e of charge on weekends. B) It had a 15% discount on weekdays. C) It was offered to frequent guests only. D) It was 10% cheaper than in other hotels.22A) Demand compensation from the hotel. B) Ask for an additional discount.C) Complain to the hotel manager. D) Find a cheaper room in another hotel.四、

55、樣題詳細(xì)解說：四、樣題詳細(xì)解說：2007年年6月四級聽力長對話原文月四級聽力長對話原文 Conversation One:M: Hello, I have a reservation for tonight. W: Your name, please. M: Nelson, Charles Nelson. W: Ok, Mr. Nelson. Thats a room for five and.M: But excuse me, you mean a room for five pounds? I didt know the special was so good.W: No, no, hol

56、d on-according to our records, a room for 5 guests was booked under your name.男：稍等，你的意思是一個(gè)房間五英鎊嗎？我還不知道特殊待遇這么好。女：不，不，稍等根據(jù)我們的記錄，您名下定的是一個(gè)住五個(gè)人的房間，五人間。M: No, no-hold on. You must have two guests under the name. W: Ok, let me check this again. Oh, here we are. M: Yeah?W: Charles Nelson, a room for one for

57、 the 19th.M: Wait, wait. It s for tonight, not tomorrow night. W: Em., I dont think we have any rooms for tonight. Theres a conference going on in town and-err, let s see.yeah, no rooms. M: Oh, come on! You must have something, anything! W: Well, let-let me check my computer here.Ah! M: What?M: Oh,

58、come on! You must have something, anything!W: There has been a cancellation for this evening. A honeymoon suite is now available.(Suite 套房）M: Great, I II take it.W: But, I II have to charge you 150 pounds for the night.M: What? I should have a discount for the inconvenience!W: Well, the best I can g

59、ive you is a 10% discount plus a ticket for a free continent breakfast.M: Hey, isnt the breakfast free anyway?W: Well, only on weekends.M: I want to talk to the manager.W: Wait, wait, wait.Mr. Nelson, I think I can give you an additional 15% discount.男：我要找你們經(jīng)理。女：等等，等等。尼森先生，我還可以為您再打八五折。樣題中的重要句型：.is b

60、ooked under your name.在您名下預(yù)定著。hold on稍等。.is available.可用/某人有空的。、重要句型現(xiàn)場演練：、重要句型現(xiàn)場演練：你名下已經(jīng)預(yù)定了兩張今晚時(shí)尚秀的票。請稍等，我把它寫下來啊。因?yàn)橐恍┚o急情況，醫(yī)生在幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)都沒空。七、重要句型現(xiàn)場演練：七、重要句型現(xiàn)場演練：Two tickets for tonights fashion show have been booked under your name.你名下已經(jīng)預(yù)定了兩張今晚時(shí)尚秀的票。Hold on, please, I will write it down.請稍等，我把它寫下來啊。Becau