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1、Cataloguing trends and development Part I 世界編目觀念的開展、編目界的最新動態(tài)和趨勢 第1部 對書目管理的未來知覺與美國國會圖書館報告Goh Su Nee 吳淑妮Head, Bibliographic Services Division書目效力部總擔(dān)任人Nanyang Technological University Library南洋理工大學(xué)圖書館 April 2019 2019年 4月Outline綱要 Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cataloging: Is the Sky

2、 Really Falling? 對書目管理的未來知覺：天要塌了嗎？ Future of bibliographic control LC report 美國國會圖書館任務(wù)小組對于書目管理的未來的報告Number of articles on future of cataloguing 有關(guān)編目的未來的文章數(shù)量圖1：歷年發(fā)表的有關(guān)編目未來的文章的大約數(shù)量數(shù)據(jù)來源：Google, Library literature, Cataloging & Classification Quarterly);Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of

3、 Cataloging: Is the Sky Really Falling?, Cataloging &Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 4824 trends identified by Richard Meyer in 2019 Richard Meyer 在2019識別的四個趨勢 Fewer things to catalogue 越來越少需求編目的資源 More outsourcing 更多外包 Lower costs for traditional cataloguing 傳統(tǒng)書目管理本錢越來越低 Greater variety of inf

4、ormation resources to manage 更多種類的信息資源需求書目管理Richard W. Meyer, “The Catalogers Future: A Directors View, Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 24, no.1/2 (2019): 195204.Fewer things to catalogue?更少資源需求編目？圖2：近年來平均每家圖書館分編的單冊數(shù)據(jù)來源于ARL的年度統(tǒng)計調(diào)查，包括測繪制圖資料Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cata

5、loging: Is the Sky Really Falling?, Cataloging &Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 482More outsourcing?更多外包工程？Lam (2019): 79% of libraries surveyed were outsourcing some catalogue functions.參與調(diào)查的圖書館中79%正在外包某些編目功能。Indiana University Report (2019): Only 3 out of 14 libraries were outsourcing catalog

6、ue functions. 該州14家圖書館中僅3家正在外包編目功能。Lower costs for traditional cataloguing?傳統(tǒng)編目的本錢越來越低？圖3：學(xué)術(shù)研討圖書館運用輔助專職人員做原編的比率Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cataloging: Is the Sky Really Falling?, Cataloging &Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 482Lower costs for traditional cataloguing?傳統(tǒng)編目的本

7、錢越來越低？Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cataloging: Is the Sky Really Falling?, Cataloging &Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 482Greater variety of information resources to manage?更多種類的信息資源需求管理？圖5：學(xué)術(shù)圖書館處置數(shù)字資源的編目員比例Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cataloging: Is

8、the Sky Really Falling?, Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 482Greater variety of information resources to manage?更多種類的信息資源需求管理？Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cataloging: Is the Sky Really Falling?, Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 482Cataloguers i

9、n the digital age數(shù)字時代的編目員 Changing role classical cataloguing as pre-coordinate vs. digital age cataloguing as post-coordinate 改換角色 傳統(tǒng)的編目為前協(xié)調(diào)，數(shù)字時代的編目為后協(xié)調(diào) User wont be restricted by the search terms that have already been allocated 用戶不再被預(yù)定的檢索術(shù)語所限制 No more search engine vs. library catalogue but a com

10、bination 搜索引擎與圖書館書目管理不再對立，而是共存Ivey, Rober圖書館t T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cataloging: Is the Sky Really Falling?, Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 482Cataloguers in the digital age數(shù)字時代的編目員 Based on emergence of XML and development of Semantic Web 基于可擴展標(biāo)志言語的崛起與語義網(wǎng)的開展 Role o

11、f academic catalogue to expand from a locating device to being a research tool in itself 學(xué)術(shù)性編目的角色從定位的方式之一擴展為本身成為一種研討工具Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cataloging: Is the Sky Really Falling?, Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 482TASK GROUPS ON THE FUTURE OF CATALOGIN

12、G編目的未來任務(wù)組 University of California study加利福尼亞大學(xué)的研討 Users preference for simplicity and immediate results 用戶偏愛簡約、快速的結(jié)果 Single catalogue interface for the whole California system 整個California系統(tǒng)的單一目錄界面 Implementation of Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) 書目記錄功能需求概念的運用 Eliminate lo

13、cal variation in catalogue practices 消除編目實際中的本地差別 Metadata simplification簡化元數(shù)據(jù) Importing more data from vendors從書商引進(jìn)更多數(shù)據(jù)Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cataloging: Is the Sky Really Falling?, Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 482TASK GROUPS ON THE FUTURE OF CATALOG

14、ING編目的未來任務(wù)組Indiana University report 印第安納大學(xué)報告 in purchase of online resources網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源購買量增長 in purchase of print materials印刷型文獻(xiàn)購買量減少Growth of online publications在線出版物的增長Mass commercial digitization海量的商業(yè)數(shù)字化 in budgets預(yù)算下降 in reliance on external vendors對書商的依賴添加From “creating MARC records to “creating meta

15、data in diverse environments從“建立MARC記錄到“建立多種環(huán)境下的元數(shù)據(jù)Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cataloging: Is the Sky Really Falling?, Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 482TASK GROUPS ON THE FUTURE OF CATALOGING編目的未來任務(wù)組Indiana University report印第安納大學(xué)報告From editing records of w

16、idely held published materials to preparing metadata for uniquely held research materials從“為廣泛出版的文獻(xiàn)編輯記錄到“為獨特研討?zhàn)^藏提供元數(shù)據(jù)To change relationships between cataloguing and other departments within the library改動圖書館中編目與其他部門的關(guān)系Expanding cataloguers work into non-MARC metadata編目員任務(wù)擴展至非MARC的元數(shù)據(jù)Continuous effort

17、 to seek efficiencies through outsourcing and batch processing of vendor-supplied records從外包和批處置書商供應(yīng)記錄中尋覓效率Few of digitally available information resources would be described with MARC極少數(shù)字化資源采用MARC進(jìn)展描畫Ivey, Robert T.(2021) Perceptions of the Future of Cataloging: Is the Sky Really Falling?, Catalogi

18、ng & Classification Quarterly, 47: 5, 464 482Report to Library of Congress by Karen Calhoun (2019)Karen Calhoun提交給國會圖書館的報告 (2019) Powerful new discovery tools outside the library catalogue圖書館目錄以外的新的功能強大的資源發(fā)現(xiàn)工具 Cost-effectiveness of cataloguing tradition and practice is under fire編目傳統(tǒng)與實際的本錢效益遭到責(zé)難 Dat

19、a consolidation, state-wide systems, multiple pathways for discovering materials 數(shù)據(jù)整合，全國范圍的系統(tǒng)，檢索資料的多種途徑 74 specific recommendations to change nature of the catalogue, process of cataloguing and delivery of library services74個關(guān)于改動編目的本質(zhì)、編目的過程、圖書館效力傳送過程的建議Calhoun, K. (2019). “The Changing Nature of the

20、 Catalog and Its Integration with Other Discovery Tools,Conclusion 結(jié)論 Cataloguing will become more automated 編目將更加自動化 Standards more flexible 編目的準(zhǔn)更加靈敏 Additional material to be linked to bibliographic records 額外資料鏈接到書目記錄，如評論 MARC will be replaced 機讀目錄格式將被取代 More evolutionary than revolutionary 開展將更多

21、的是漸近式，而不是革命式。Conclusion 結(jié)論 Impending dominance of digital over paper acquisitions 數(shù)字文獻(xiàn)采購將占主導(dǎo)位置 Shift of resources from careful cataloguing of widely held materials to a more free-form cataloguing of unique materials 編目的對象將逐漸轉(zhuǎn)移到較獨特的館藏 Such a shift would increase rather than decrease the demand for th

22、e skills of trained cataloguers 這樣的趨勢將使受過專門訓(xùn)練的編目員的技藝更受注重 Cataloguers need to be more flexible and versatile 編目員必需更靈敏及多才多藝Conclusion 結(jié)論 Cataloguers must become more visible 編目員需提高可見度 Cataloguers to be more engaged in teaching students 編目員需參與學(xué)生培訓(xùn) Cataloguers should publish more in journals outside the

23、 traditional library realm, including making presentations at more interdisciplinary forums 編目員需在傳統(tǒng)圖書館領(lǐng)域以外的期刊發(fā)表更多論文，包括在跨學(xué)科論壇上做陳說 Good communicator 優(yōu)秀溝通者 Capable of performing many different library functions 可以勝任圖書館各種的角色On the record: report of the Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of

24、Bibliographic ControlINCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD PRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE 提高書目消費和維護(hù)的效率提高書目消費和維護(hù)的效率1.1 Eliminate Redundancies 消除冗余消除冗余 1.2 Increase Distribution of Responsibility for Bibliographic Record Production and Maintenance 促進(jìn)書目記錄創(chuàng)建和維護(hù)的責(zé)任的分促進(jìn)書目記錄創(chuàng)建和維護(hù)的責(zé)任的分配配1.3 Collaborat

25、e on Authority Record Creation and Maintenance 規(guī)范記錄創(chuàng)建和維護(hù)的協(xié)作規(guī)范記錄創(chuàng)建和維護(hù)的協(xié)作Report 9 Jan 2019 報告2019年1月9日Response 1 Jun 2019 回復(fù) 2019年6月1日Recommendations for next 4 years 15 Sept 2021 對未來四年的建議 2021年9月15日INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD PRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE 提高書目消費和維護(hù)的效率提高書目消費和維護(hù)的效率On t

26、he record: report of the Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control1. INCREASE THE EFFICIENCY OF BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD PRODUCTION AND MAINTENANCE提高書目消費和維護(hù)的效率提高書目消費和維護(hù)的效率On the record: report of the Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control2

27、. ENHANCE ACCESS TO RARE, UNIQUE, AND OTHER SPECIAL HIDDEN MATERIALS促進(jìn)對珍本、促進(jìn)對珍本、孤本等特藏的獲取孤本等特藏的獲取RESPONSE & RECOMMENDATIONSSpecial collections at LC回復(fù)回復(fù)&建議建議國會圖書館的特藏國會圖書館的特藏POSITION OUR TECHNOLOGY FOR THE FUTURE從未來著眼定位我們的技術(shù)從未來著眼定位我們的技術(shù)3.1 The Web as Infrastructure網(wǎng)絡(luò)根底設(shè)備網(wǎng)絡(luò)根底設(shè)備3.2 Standards 規(guī)范規(guī)范RESPONS

28、E & RECOMMENDATIONSBibliographic data in new discovery environments回復(fù)回復(fù)&建議建議新的書目數(shù)據(jù)新的書目數(shù)據(jù)開發(fā)環(huán)境開發(fā)環(huán)境On the record: report of the Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control4. POSITION OUR COMMUNITY FOR THE FUTURE定位團(tuán)體的未定位團(tuán)體的未來來4.1 Design for Todays and Tomorrows Use為如今和未來的運用做

29、規(guī)劃為如今和未來的運用做規(guī)劃4.2 Realization of FRBR FRBR 的實現(xiàn)的實現(xiàn)4.3 Optimize LCSH for Use and Reuse 為了可反復(fù)利用，優(yōu)化為了可反復(fù)利用，優(yōu)化LCSHRESPONSE & RECOMMENDATIONS回復(fù)回復(fù)&建議建議Systems to support relating evaluative data such as reviews & ratings to bibliographic records 用于支持與評價用于支持與評價相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)的系統(tǒng)，比如書目紀(jì)錄的相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)的系統(tǒng)，比如書目紀(jì)錄的審查和評級審查和評級Guida

30、nce to user tagging eg. Term completion, tag clouds 用戶標(biāo)簽引導(dǎo)，用戶標(biāo)簽引導(dǎo)，比如術(shù)語補充、比如術(shù)語補充、 標(biāo)簽群。標(biāo)簽群。Working with OCLC, IFLA Working Group & representative system vendors與與OCLC、國際圖聯(lián)任務(wù)組、國際圖聯(lián)任務(wù)組& 有代表性有代表性的系統(tǒng)供應(yīng)商協(xié)作的系統(tǒng)供應(yīng)商協(xié)作On the record: report of the Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic

31、ControlSTRENGTHEN THE LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE PROFESSION 加強圖書情報學(xué)專業(yè)加強圖書情報學(xué)專業(yè)5.1 Build an Evidence Base 建立一個實證根底建立一個實證根底5.2 Design LIS Education for Present and Future Needs 針對如今和未來的需求，針對如今和未來的需求，規(guī)劃圖書情報學(xué)教育規(guī)劃圖書情報學(xué)教育RESPONSE & RECOMMENDATIONS回復(fù)回復(fù)& 建議建議Promote collaboration and research among aca

32、demics, practitioners & related communities 促進(jìn)學(xué)術(shù)界，從促進(jìn)學(xué)術(shù)界，從業(yè)者和相關(guān)團(tuán)體機構(gòu)之間的協(xié)作和研業(yè)者和相關(guān)團(tuán)體機構(gòu)之間的協(xié)作和研討討Promote publicity & distribution of research efforts and results 促進(jìn)研討任務(wù)和成果的公開化和傳播促進(jìn)研討任務(wù)和成果的公開化和傳播Make educational materials available over the Internet, free or at reasonable cost 在網(wǎng)上可以免費或者支付合理價錢得在網(wǎng)上可以免費或者支付合

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42、s#pXlUiRfNcK8H5E2A+x(u$rZnWkThPeMbJ7G4C1z-w&t!qYmVjRgOdL9I6F3B0y)v%s#oXlUiQfNcK8H5D2A+x*u$rZnWkShPeMaJ7G4C1z)w&t!pYmVjRgOcL9I6E3B0y(v%r#oXlTiQfNbK8G5D2A-x*u$qZnVkShPdMaJ7F4C1z)w&s!pYmUjRgOcL9H6E3B+y(v%r#oWlTiQeNbK8G5D1A-x*t$qZnVkSgPdMaI7F4C0z)v&s!pXmUjRfOcK9H6E2B+y(u%r#oWlThQeNbJ8G5D1A-w*t$qYnVkSgPd

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