Non-RestrictiveattributiveClause

1、Non-Restrictive attributive ClauseGu JingJan. 6, 2015This is the man who gave me the book.這就是給我這本書的那個(gè)人。這就是給我這本書的那個(gè)人。Li Ming, who is in the room, wants to ask you some questions. 李明在屋子里，他想問你一些問題。李明在屋子里，他想問你一些問題。In their class there are fifteen students who can speak English well. 在他們班上，有十五個(gè)英語說得好的學(xué)生。在

2、他們班上，有十五個(gè)英語說得好的學(xué)生。In their class, there are fifteen students, who can speak English well. 在他們班上有在他們班上有15名學(xué)生，他們的英語都說得很好。名學(xué)生，他們的英語都說得很好。She has two sons who are PLA men.她有兩個(gè)當(dāng)解放軍的兒子。（她可能有不止她有兩個(gè)當(dāng)解放軍的兒子。（她可能有不止2個(gè)兒子，而其余的不個(gè)兒子，而其余的不是解放軍。）是解放軍。）She has two sons, who are PLA men. 她有兩個(gè)兒子，他們都是解放軍。她有兩個(gè)兒子，他們都是解放軍

3、。（她只有兩個(gè)兒子）（她只有兩個(gè)兒子） a) She has two brothers who are working in the city. 她有兩個(gè)她有兩個(gè)在這個(gè)城市工作的在這個(gè)城市工作的弟弟。弟弟。b) She has two brothers, who are working in the city. (She has only two brothers.) 她有兩個(gè)弟弟她有兩個(gè)弟弟, 他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市工作。他們?cè)谶@個(gè)城市工作。限定性定語從句限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句不用逗號(hào)分隔不用逗號(hào)分隔要用逗號(hào)分隔要用逗號(hào)分隔與先行詞關(guān)系密切與先行詞關(guān)系密切（刪掉后影響整個(gè)意義

4、（刪掉后影響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）的表達(dá)）與先行詞關(guān)系不密切與先行詞關(guān)系不密切（只是一種補(bǔ)充說明，（只是一種補(bǔ)充說明，刪掉后不影響整個(gè)意義刪掉后不影響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）的表達(dá)）A middle-aged woman killed her husband, which frightened me very much.A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.限定性定語從句限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句不用逗號(hào)分隔不用逗號(hào)分隔要用逗號(hào)分隔要用逗號(hào)分隔

5、與先行詞關(guān)系密切與先行詞關(guān)系密切（刪掉后影響整個(gè)意義（刪掉后影響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）的表達(dá)）與先行詞關(guān)系不密切與先行詞關(guān)系不密切（只是一種補(bǔ)充說明，（只是一種補(bǔ)充說明，刪掉后不影響整個(gè)意義刪掉后不影響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）的表達(dá)）只可以修飾先行詞只可以修飾先行詞不僅可以修飾先行詞，不僅可以修飾先行詞，還可以修飾整個(gè)句子還可以修飾整個(gè)句子He passed the college entrance examination, that pleased his father a lot. FalseHe passed the college entrance examination, which please

6、d his father a lot.True 非限定定語從句和限定性定語從句一樣，該用非限定定語從句和限定性定語從句一樣，該用什么關(guān)系詞就用什么關(guān)系詞，什么關(guān)系詞就用什么關(guān)系詞，但絕對(duì)不能出現(xiàn)但絕對(duì)不能出現(xiàn)that。I explained to them the reason, for which I didnt attend the meeting. (非限定）非限定）I explained to them the reason why / for which I didnt attend the meeting. （限定）（限定）非限定定語從句和限定性定語從句非限定定語從句和限定性定語從

7、句一樣，該用什么關(guān)系詞就用什么關(guān)一樣，該用什么關(guān)系詞就用什么關(guān)系詞，系詞，但絕對(duì)不能出現(xiàn)但絕對(duì)不能出現(xiàn)why。限定性定語從句限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句不用逗號(hào)分隔不用逗號(hào)分隔要用逗號(hào)分隔要用逗號(hào)分隔與先行詞關(guān)系密切與先行詞關(guān)系密切（刪掉后影響整個(gè)意義（刪掉后影響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）的表達(dá)）與先行詞關(guān)系不密切與先行詞關(guān)系不密切（只是一種補(bǔ)充說明，（只是一種補(bǔ)充說明，刪掉后不影響整個(gè)意義刪掉后不影響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）的表達(dá)）只可以修飾先行詞只可以修飾先行詞不僅可以修飾先行詞，不僅可以修飾先行詞，還可以修飾整個(gè)句子還可以修飾整個(gè)句子（which)關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥關(guān)系詞該

8、用啥用啥，但關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥，但絕不能出現(xiàn)絕不能出現(xiàn)that和和why關(guān)系代詞的替代情況不同關(guān)系代詞的替代情況不同This is the girl whom I met in the street. (whom可以用可以用who或者或者that替換）替換）A young man had a new girl friend, whom he wanted to impress.(whom不可以用任何詞替換）不可以用任何詞替換）限定性定語從句限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句不用逗號(hào)分隔不用逗號(hào)分隔要用逗號(hào)分隔要用逗號(hào)分隔與先行詞關(guān)系密切與先行詞關(guān)系密切（刪掉后影響整個(gè)意義的（刪掉后影

9、響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）表達(dá)）與先行詞關(guān)系不密切（只與先行詞關(guān)系不密切（只是一種補(bǔ)充說明，刪掉后是一種補(bǔ)充說明，刪掉后不影響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）不影響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）只可以修飾先行詞只可以修飾先行詞不僅可以修飾先行詞，還不僅可以修飾先行詞，還可以修飾整個(gè)句子可以修飾整個(gè)句子關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥，但關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥，但絕不能出現(xiàn)絕不能出現(xiàn)that和和why. whom不可以被任何詞不可以被任何詞替換替換關(guān)系詞省略情況不同關(guān)系詞省略情況不同It is a great discovery which/that/不填不填 he mad this year.The great disc

10、overy, which he made this year, is of great importance. 先行詞在從句中賓語，非限定先行詞在從句中賓語，非限定性定語從句是性定語從句是省略關(guān)系省略關(guān)系詞的。詞的。限定性定語從句限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句不用逗號(hào)分隔不用逗號(hào)分隔要用逗號(hào)分隔要用逗號(hào)分隔與先行詞關(guān)系密切與先行詞關(guān)系密切（刪掉后影響整個(gè)意義（刪掉后影響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）的表達(dá)）與先行詞關(guān)系不密切與先行詞關(guān)系不密切（只是一種補(bǔ)充說明，（只是一種補(bǔ)充說明，刪掉后不影響整個(gè)意義刪掉后不影響整個(gè)意義的表達(dá)）的表達(dá)）只可以修飾先行詞只可以修飾先行詞不僅可以修飾先行詞，不僅

11、可以修飾先行詞，還可以修飾整個(gè)句子還可以修飾整個(gè)句子關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥，但關(guān)系詞該用啥用啥，但絕不能出現(xiàn)絕不能出現(xiàn)that和和why; whom不可以被任何詞替不可以被任何詞替換換; 中心詞做賓語時(shí)關(guān)系中心詞做賓語時(shí)關(guān)系代詞不可省略代詞不可省略錯(cuò)漏“擺”出1. People are excited to meet Zhai Zhigang, he was the first Chinese to walk in space .2. Many Chinese will never forget May 12th, 2008, when a big earthquak

12、e happened in Sichuan then.3. Which is shown on TV, many children suffered a lot from the polluted milk.hewhothen去掉去掉WhichAs錯(cuò)漏“擺”出4. Lin Hao is a hero, who we should learn.5. China got the most gold medals in the Olympics, that makes people excited.6. I dream of going to Beijing, which the 29th Olym

13、pic Games was held.whofrom whomthatwhichwhichwhere/ in whichwho we should learn from Hangzhou is a beautiful city, _ people visit the famous West Lake.2. Beijing, _ is the capital of China, has a very long history.3. _ is known to all, he is the best student.4. The young man had a new girl friend, _

14、 is a pop star.ExerciseswhichAswhowhere/in which5. I should thank my teacher, with _ help, I solved the problem. 6. He once worked on the Birds Nest, _ _ his son is proud. whoseofwhich1. The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected. whose B. that C. who D.

15、 which 【2013福建】福建】高考鏈接：高考鏈接：【答案】【答案】A【解析】考查定語從句。其中【解析】考查定語從句。其中those作為先行詞，定作為先行詞，定 語從句中缺少語從句中缺少lives的定語，故用的定語，故用whose。 2. Happiness and success often come to those _are good at recognizing their own strengths.A. whomB. who C. whatD. which 【2013湖南】湖南】 【答案】【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞為【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞為those，指人；定

16、，指人；定 語從句中缺少主語，故使用關(guān)系代詞語從句中缺少主語，故使用關(guān)系代詞who。3. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of are his classmates.A them B. that C. which D. whom 【2013重慶】重慶】【答案】【答案】D【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞為【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞為40 people，定，定語從句中缺少主語，故使用語從句中缺少主語，故使用whom。介詞之后不能。介詞之后不能用用that，應(yīng)予以排除；，應(yīng)予以排除；which指先行詞為物；指先行詞為物；them為人稱

17、代詞，應(yīng)用于并列句中。為人稱代詞，應(yīng)用于并列句中。4. The children, _ had played the whole day long, were worn out. A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom 【2013浙江】浙江】【答案】【答案】D【解析】考查定語從句。先判斷為定語從句，先【解析】考查定語從句。先判斷為定語從句，先 行詞為行詞為children，故答案為，故答案為D。5. We live in an age _ more information is available than ev

18、er before.Why B. whenC. to whom D. on which 【2012浙江卷】浙江卷】【答案】【答案】B【解析】【解析】when引導(dǎo)定義從句，在從句中做時(shí)間狀語，引導(dǎo)定義從句，在從句中做時(shí)間狀語，修飾先行詞修飾先行詞an age（時(shí)代）（時(shí)代）. 此處的此處的when=at which。6. In our class there are 46 students, _ half wear glasses. in whom B. in them C. of whom D. of them 【2012四川卷】四川卷】【答案】【答案】 C 【解析】本題考查定語從句。前后兩句

19、話之間無連【解析】本題考查定語從句。前后兩句話之間無連詞，故不能用人稱代詞詞，故不能用人稱代詞them,而應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞而應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whom引導(dǎo)定語從句；在引導(dǎo)定語從句；在46個(gè)學(xué)生當(dāng)中，表所屬，個(gè)學(xué)生當(dāng)中，表所屬，應(yīng)用應(yīng)用of。故答案選。故答案選C。7. (10湖南湖南28) Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which A8. The ambe

20、r, _many of you could stillremember, came from the pine-tree. (2007 天津天津) A. what B. that C. how D. as 解析解析: D 本題考查非限制性定語從句本題考查非限制性定語從句, as可可 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于which。9. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month. (NMET2001)A. It B. As C. That D. what 解析解析:

21、B 本題考察非限定性定語從句。本題考察非限定性定語從句。 as引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句修飾整個(gè)句子，引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句修飾整個(gè)句子， 意思是意思是“正如正如” ，as在從句中充當(dāng)主語在從句中充當(dāng)主語 時(shí)常用結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)常用結(jié)構(gòu): as is known, as is said, as is reported等，所以答案是等，所以答案是B。10. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. whichD. he 解析解析: C 此為非限定性從句此為非限定性從句, 不能用不能用 th

22、at引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), 而用而用which。it 和和he 都使都使 后句成為句子后句成為句子, 兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子不能 單以逗號(hào)連接單以逗號(hào)連接, 況且選況且選he句意不通。句意不通。11. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control. (2008 湖南湖南) A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that B12. The Science Museum, _ we

23、visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions. (2008 江蘇江蘇) A. whichB. what C. thatD. whereA18. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect. (2008 全國全國) A. it B. what C. which D. thatC19. The man pulled out a gold watch, _ wer

24、e made of small diamonds. (2008 陜西陜西) A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of whichD21. Yesterday she sold her car, _ she bought a month ago. (2008 浙江浙江) A. whom B. where C. that D. which22. Ill give you my home address, _ I can be reached most evenings. (2008

25、 北京北京) A. which B. when C. whom D. whereDD23. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days. (2008 重慶重慶) A. where B. there C. which D. when24. All the neighbor admire this family, _ the parents are treating their child like a friend. (2008 安徽安徽) A. why B. where C. which D. t

26、hatAB She was always speaking highly of her role in the play, of course, _ madethe others unhappy. which B. who C. this D. what2. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child. which B. when C. that D. whereA D 練一練練一練3. The gentleman _ you told me yester

27、day proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom4. Please take any seat _ is free. A. which B. where C. in which D. thatB D 5. The old man has two sons, _ is a soldier. A. one of whom B. both of them C. all of whom D. none of them6. New York is famous for its sky-scrapers (摩天大樓摩天大

28、樓)_ has more than 100 storeys. A. the higher of them B. the highest of which C. the highest of them D. some of whichA B 11. Mr. Wang is a boss, _ factory Li Ping worked. A. in whose B. whose C. in whom D. of which12. I dont like the way _ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. All A, B, and C

29、A D 13. I shall never forget the years _ I lived in the country with the farmers, _ has a good effect on my life. A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who14. _ is known to all, China will be an advanced and powerful country in 20 or 30 years time. A. What B. That C. As D. ItB C 15.

30、Is this book _ you want to borrow from the library? A. that B. which C. the one D. /16. Such a book _ you showed me is difficult to understand. A. that B. which C. as D. likeC C He was educated in Harvard for less than 3 years. Its not far from here. So we can get there in less than five minutes. Pr

31、actice: It took the police _ _ _ _(不到兩個(gè)小時(shí)) to find the lost valuable vase. 1)In _ _ _ _(不到20秒），a large city lay in ruins. less than two hoursless than twenty seconds The receptionist is less than helpful.這個(gè)接待員一點(diǎn)也不熱情。這個(gè)接待員一點(diǎn)也不熱情。The man looks less than a student.這個(gè)人看上去一點(diǎn)也不像學(xué)生。這個(gè)人看上去一點(diǎn)也不像學(xué)生。 more than

32、 + 數(shù)字?jǐn)?shù)字/名詞名詞/形容詞形容詞The girl is more than 10 years old. We have more than 20 minutes to finish the task.Im more than your teacher. I am your friend.Im more than glad. Im happy. Not less than 不少于（數(shù)量）不少于（數(shù)量）Not more than 不多于（數(shù)量）不多于（數(shù)量） No less than 多達(dá)；強(qiáng)調(diào)多多達(dá)；強(qiáng)調(diào)多 （數(shù)量）（數(shù)量）No more than 僅僅；強(qiáng)調(diào)少（數(shù)量?jī)H僅；強(qiáng)調(diào)少（數(shù)量/adj/n)The number of the books in the library is not less than 3000. The number of the books in the library is not more than 3000.There is no less than 3000 books in our library. The is no more than 200 books in our library. Im no more than a teacher. Im not the pr