高三英語虛擬語氣經(jīng)典講解課件

1、1.英語動詞有三種語氣，英語動詞有三種語氣， 陳述語氣，陳述語氣，祈使語氣和祈使語氣和虛擬語氣.2.2. 定義：用來表示說的話定義：用來表示說的話不是事實，或者是或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。語氣叫虛擬語氣。一、虛擬語氣定義一、虛擬語氣定義二、虛擬語氣的考點二、虛擬語氣的考點 1 1、一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法；、一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法；2 2、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；3 3、名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法；、名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法；4 4、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣用法；、幾種特殊結(jié)

2、構(gòu)中虛擬語氣用法；5 5、虛擬語氣與陳述語氣的判定。、虛擬語氣與陳述語氣的判定。1 1、一般條件句中的虛擬語氣、一般條件句中的虛擬語氣時時 間間 If If 條件句條件句主主 句句過去過去had donewould should +have done sthcouldmight現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在助動詞助動詞 be用用 were 實義動詞實義動詞 do 用用 did would should + do sthcouldmight將來將來did / were should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldMight1. If I had HIV, I would

3、know because I would feel sick.2. If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake.4. If he had been there, it wouldnt have happened.與現(xiàn)在事實相反與過去事實相反5. If it should rain tomorrow, they wouldnt go for an outing.6. I think we could do it, if we

4、planned it properly and could borrow the tools.7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life.與未來事實相反1.If I were you, I _ buy the house right now. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had b

5、een C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _ me tomorrow, I would let himknow A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able BCA2 2、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝；、條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝； 假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。 條件從句中含有條件從句中含有 should，were， had 三個助動詞并且放在句首時，三個助動詞并且放在句首時，可以把可以把

6、if省略。省略。If I were you, I would give it up.Were I you, I would give it up. If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we do? a flood, what should we do?Shoul there be3. 名詞性從句的虛擬語氣。名詞性從句的虛擬語氣。

7、主要是表示命令、要求、建議的虛擬語氣。主要是表示命令、要求、建議的虛擬語氣。1.賓語從句。常見動詞：賓語從句。常見動詞：一個堅持：一個堅持：insist兩個命令：兩個命令：order, command 三個建議：三個建議：advise, suggest, propose五個要求：五個要求：demand , require, request, desire ask 這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞用法。即從句中的動詞 使用使用should + should + 動詞原動詞原形，或者將形，或者將shouldshould省略。省略。 我們建

8、議我們建議Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。 他堅決要求我到場。他堅決要求我到場。 國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑。國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑。 他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.He insisted that I (should) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners (should) be killed the next day.They requested that we (should) send them to work t

9、here. 2、以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句）也要使用括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句）也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣。虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desiredemand, request, desire Its suggested that the plan be carried out. My demand is t

10、hat she should come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.4、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法；幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法；1）wish + 賓語從句賓語從句現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來：未來：過去時 (did/were)過去完成時 (had done)would/could/might+V. should I wish I were a bird. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I wish I hadnt made such a

11、 mistake. (過去過去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未來未來)2）would rather that -現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：未來：未來： I would rather you paid me now. (現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在) I would rather you had gone, too. (過去過去) Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未來未來)過去時過去時過去完成時3） as if /though + 從句從句現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時過去完成時 He looks as if he

12、were drunk. They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.4.Its high time +that -should +V.過去時你該走了。我們該睡覺了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you we

13、re going.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 5）without和和but for 構(gòu)成虛擬。構(gòu)成虛擬。(but for要不是要不是) Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.But for water, it would be impossib

14、le to live in the desert.6）If only (要是要是就好了就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again! 要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。 要是我沒錯過火車就好了！要是我沒錯過火車就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train! 7 7）語境中的虛擬語氣）語境中的虛擬語氣（1）

15、介詞短語表條件介詞短語表條件 But for your help, we couldnt have succeeded. They wouldnt have reached the agreement so easily without that common ground.（2）情境中提供虛擬語氣）情境中提供虛擬語氣 Suppose there were no gravitational force, objects would not fall to the ground when dropped. She wasnt feeling very well. Otherwise she wo

16、uldnt have left the meeting so early.8）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that - 從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即(should)+動詞原形動詞原形1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.3. Its necessary that we should study hard.三、三、 虛擬語

17、氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點：虛擬語氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點：1.假設(shè)條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句假設(shè)條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語動詞不一致，叫做錯綜條件所假設(shè)的謂語動詞不一致，叫做錯綜條件虛擬語氣。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照虛擬語氣。主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照假設(shè)的時間而定。假設(shè)的時間而定。If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital. 經(jīng)典題目經(jīng)

18、典題目1. If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. A.asked would know B.had asked would have knownC. asked him know D. had asked would know2. What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked fart

19、herCD3. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had4. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. (95 N) A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenBC陳述語氣與虛擬語氣陳述語氣與虛擬語氣典型例題典型例題5) The volleyball match w

20、ill be put off if it _. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained6) - Would you have called her up _ possible? - Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. had it been was B. if it was were C. if it had been had been D. if it were would beB該句為陳述語氣，因為主句用的是該句為陳述語氣，因為主句用的是 will be put off。真。真實條件句主句為將來時，

21、從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代將來時。實條件句主句為將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代將來時。問句中用的是虛擬語氣，主句用問句中用的是虛擬語氣，主句用 would have called, 從從句中與過去相反的動詞形式為句中與過去相反的動詞形式為 had done；答句中表示；答句中表示的是真實的情況，所以該用陳述語氣。的是真實的情況，所以該用陳述語氣。A高考題點擊高考題點擊7) You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt getB. had drivenwouldnt have got C. drovewouldn

22、t get D. were drivingwouldnt get 8) It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.(02 上海) A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall前句用的是陳述語氣，表示過去發(fā)生的事；后句是虛擬語氣，表示與過去相反。BB該句主句中用的是與現(xiàn)

23、在相反的虛擬語氣，而從句中使用的是與過去相反的虛擬語氣。全句意思為“如果我不在七歲時迷上了我們家鄉(xiāng)的 Melinda Cox Library，我真不能想象我今天會做什么?！?- Do you mind if I leave the window open? - Well, Id rather you _ . A. dont B. didnt C. wont D. mustnt10. Its half past eleven. Its high time _ home. A. well B. wed C. were going D. we wentBD11. Jack _ yet, otherw

24、ise he would have phoned me. (N 97) A. mustnt have arrived B. shouldnt have arrived C. cant have arrived D. neednt have arrivedC4. 名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣 A、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣、賓語從句中的虛擬語氣在動詞 suggest, order, demand, request, desire, insist, require, decide, determine, advise, recommend, deserve (值得提及) 后需用 should 型的虛擬語氣?？碱}點擊：考題點擊：1. The teacher demanded that the work _ before 4 oclock. A. finished B. be finished C. should finish D. finish2. - What did the doctor say about your mothers illness? - He suggested that she _ an operation at once. A. mus