【高二年級閱讀理解專項練習】文化風俗

1、-i -Week Twelve 文化風俗一、閱讀理解（共 19 小題；共 38.0 分）AChildre n have traditi on ally bee n the stars of family portraits butthese days they are in creas in gly likely to be upstage 搶鏡頭）by their pets.Photographers say that there has bee n a 20 perce nt rise in dema nd in thepast year for shots featuri ng not

2、only dogs and cats, but also more unu sualani mals in cludi ng horses, cows, sheea nd eve n ferrets and sn ails. But itdoes nt always come cheap, as pare nts are pay ing up to 圮,000 for thedistinctive images.Richard Mayfield, creative director at Ven ture Photography, which runsa nationwide chain of

3、 studios, said: They say never work with childre n or animals but we thi nk the opposite. Childre n and ani mals are unpredictable, andthats great for capturing dynamic 動態(tài)的） photographs.We always ask clients if they would like to bring any pets along to theirshoots as we want to capture the characte

4、r of the families we photograph,and ofte n their pets help them to relax. We get a lot of domestic pets such asdogs and cats but more unu sual pets can be really interesting from aphotographers perspective. This year weve seen lots of rabbits in particularas more and more are kept in the house and s

5、o really feel like part of the-2 -family.A gla nee at these pictures proves just how ast onishing the an imalmagic can be. Toddler Alfie Poutney, from Felixstowe, poses with a gree nparrot perched on his flat cap; Charlie Wells from Wakefield gives his ponyLucy a gentle kiss; James Corrigan is pictu

6、red with his Dutch dwarf rabbitperched in the cen ter of his skateboard; Poppy Han shaw reaches out tostroke Lego the lamb; and Harry the tortoise provided the main focus for aHome Counties family portrait. But the most unusual image surely has to beGabriel Pereira from Woking, Surrey, pos ing with

7、his pet sn ails Wayne, Lucyand Aar on.1. Accord ing to the passage, childre n take pictures_ .Aonly with dogs and catsB.only with unu sual ani malsC. with seve n kinds of petsDvery cheaply and com monly2. Accord ing to the passage, Richard Mayfieldconsiders_.A childre n and an imals are predictableB

8、.it difficult to work with children or animalsC.his firm runs a worldwide cha in of studios-3 -D it fun to get dyn amic photographs3. What role do pets play whe n people take pictures?AHelp ing them feel less pressure.B.Help ing them get more excited.C.Help ing them get little disturbed.DHelpi ng th

9、em feel more stressful.4. What ani mals become more popular in families?5. How many pets are mentioned in the last paragraph?A Six.B. Seve n. C. Eight. D Nine.BSuccessful people in intern ati onal bus in ess un dersta nd the culturesof other countries and learn to change their practices in different

10、 cultures.They un dersta nd the importa nee of avoid ing bus in ess decisi ons based onmisc on cepti ons mistake n ideas.A Dogs. B. Cats.C. Horses. D Rabbits.-4 -One cause of misconceptions is ethnocentrism, the belief that ones owncultures way of doing things is better than the way of other culture

11、s. Its ethnocen trism that leads to failure in intern ati onal bus in ess. To avoidethnocentrism, its necessary to study the different element 組成部分）ofculture: Ian guage, values and attitudes, and customs and mann ers.LanguageA kno wledge of the local la nguage can help in ter nati onal bus in esspeo

12、ple in four ways. First, people can com muni cate directly. Second, peopleare usually more ope n in their com muni cati on with some one who speakstheir Ian guage. Third, an un dersta nding of the Ian guage allows people toinfer meanings that are not said directly. Fin ally, knowing the Ian guagehel

13、ps people to un dersta nd the culture better.Values and attitudesValues are peoples basic beliefs about the differe nee betwee n rightand wrong, good and bad. An attitude is a way of thinking or act ing. Valuesand attitudes in flue nce intern ati onal bus in ess. For example, many peoplein the Un it

14、ed States believe that chocolate from Switzerla nd is better thanchocolate from other countries, and they buy a lot of it.Customs and mannersCustoms are com mon social practices. Manners are ways of act ing thatthe society believes are polite. For example, in the Un ited States, it is thecustom to h

15、ave salac 色拉）before the main course at dinner, not after.-5 -Its not acceptable to talk with food in mouth at table. Failure to understandthe customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty selling theirproducts. Orange juice as a breakfast drink of an America n compa ny inFrance does n

16、t sell well because the French dont usually drink juice withbreakfast.6. A kno wledge of the local la nguage allows intern ati onal bus in esspeople_.A to be more ope n with their customersB.to com muni cate without outside helpC.to express their thoughts in directlyD to have a better idea of their

17、own culture7. The act of many people buying chocolate of Switzerla nd shows therole of _.A manners B. values C. attitudes D customs8. What would be the best title for the text?AMisc on cepti ons in Busin essB.Basic Beliefs in Busin essC.In ter nati onal Busin ess Culture-6 -DSuccessful Intern ati on

18、al Busin ess9. The authors purpose of writing this article is to tell people .A how to take a right attitude in bus in essB.how to avoid misun dersta ndings in bus in essC.how to use a local la nguage in bus in essD how to act politely and properly in bus in essCSaili ng Through HistoryA group of 1,

19、309 passe ngers boarded the MS. Balmoral on Sun day, inSouthampton, England, on a voyage to retrace the path of the Titanic. TheTitanic was the biggest ship in the world when it sailed on its ill-fated maidenvoyage in 1912. Of the 2,227 passengers and crew aboard, more tha n 1,500died. The ship, whi

20、ch was headed to New York City, carried the rich andfamous on its first voyage. It also carried immigrants, who were seeking abetter life in America.Relatives of people who sailed on the Titanic, historians, authors andpeople fascinated by the story of the unsinkable ship, are on the Balmoral.They w

21、ant to remember the doomed ship and those who died on her first and-7 -last voyage. The historic liner had set sail on April 10, 1912, from Southampton. Late at ni ght on April 14, she hit an iceberg .In the early morning hours ofApril 15, the Titanic sank.The Balmoral is following Titanics original

22、 route from Southampt on.First, the moder n-day cruise liner docked in the port of Cherbourg, Fra nee,where the Tita nic had picked up more passe ngers. On Mon day after noon,the Balmoral stops in Cobh, Irela nd, the Tita nics last port of call before sailing to New York.Balmoral will then cruise th

23、e North Atlantic Ocean to the location whereTita nic hit an iceberg that ripped the ships hull 外 殼）.On Sun day, April 15,at 2:20 a.mthe time the Titanic went down passengers and crew will holda memorial service. The n ext two days will be spe nt in Halifax, Canada,where many victims of the sinking a

24、re buried. Then, the Balmoral will reachits final destination in New York City, where Titanic was supposed todocbut n ever did.Un til today, several teams of divers have explored the site. They haverecovered some items such as dishes and silverware and put them on publicdisplay. And more trips are p

25、la nned to the wreckage in the future. The Titanicand its passengers and crew have been remembered in books, movies andTV programs. But theres a much more importa nt con tributi on that Tita nicgave us. After she san k, lawmakers and-8 -shipbuilders made ships safer. It took a terrible tragedy to ma

26、ke ship travelsafer for all.10. How many passengers in Titanic survived at last?A More than 1,500.B. About 1,309.11. Passe ngers in Balmoral mai nly want to_A seek a better life in AmericaB.enjoy the fasc in ati ng voyage to the USC.observe the maide n voyage of MS BalmoralD observe the 100th anni v

27、ersary of maide n voyage of Tita nic12. How many countries does the Balmoral reach before sailing to NewYork?B. Three. C. Four. D Five.13. The Balmoral will stay in Can ada just in memoryof _.A the dead passe ngers in the BalmoralB.the survivors in Tita nicC. About 1,000.D Less than 750.A Two.-9 -C.

28、the dead passe ngers in Tita nicD the survivors in the Balmoral14. What might be the most important contribution of the sunken Titanic? AIts site attracts more explori ng teams.B.It makes the later ships more secure.C.Some of its items are on public display.D More trips are pla nned to its wreckage.

29、DHistoric Hill at Risk of Being Removed From Lan dscapeIts literally a case of turning a mountain into a molehill.An entire hill, famed for its archeological heritage and geological sig nifica nee, is to be removed from the Scottish skyli ne to make way for a quarry（采 石場）un der pla ns being con side

30、red by West Dun bart on shire Council.Sheep Hill, in the Kilpatrick Hills on the Clyde, is the site of ancientBronze and Iron Age forts which local reside nts and experts say will bedestroyed by the expa nsion of a stone quarry.-10 -The hill also features in a painting by the 19th-century Scottish a

31、rtist John Knox, and is used by geology teachers to show how the Ian dscape hasbee n shaped by volca noes and ice ages.Allowing the hill to be wiped off the map would be an act of wanton 慌唐的）destruction of our environment and inheritanee, accord ing toClydebelt, a local en vir onmen tal group, which

32、 is calli ng for Scottish ministers to intervene to save the hill.Sheep Hill is liable（應承擔責任的）to be destroyed, said the groupssecretary, Sam Gibs on. This would leave a gap ing hole in the side of thehill show ing the work ings of the quarry and fully visible from a dista nee.A proposal to revise mi

33、neral permission for an existing quarry run by alocal firm n ear Sheep Hill is due to be discussed by WestDun bart on shire Coun cil on Wed nesday and has aroused fierce opposition from local groups.They say that, as well as damag ing importa nt archaeological rema insand ruining the Ian dscape, exp

34、a nding the quarry would threate n wildlifeand trees. The North Bank Environmental Group has filed a formal complaintto the ombudsman 巡視官）about the councils handling of the developme nt.-ii -The quarry compa ny, William Thomps on & Son, which has extractedwhi nstone at its Sheep Hill quarry for

35、decades did not resp ond to repeatedrequests to comme nt last week.15. For what is Sheep Hill well-k nown?A A molehill and its stone quarry.B.Its an cie nt heritage and geological sig ni fica nee.C.The site of an cie nt Bronze and Iron Age.D Its pain ti ng by Joh n Knox, a 19th-ce ntury artist.16. T

36、he underlined word intervene means_ in the3rd paragraph.A go in sideB. step in C.in terviewDin terrupt17. What can we infer from what Sam Gibs on said?A It is right to remove Sheep Hill from a dista nee.B.The worki ngs of the quarry can be see n from a dista nee.C.The work ings of the quarry would r

37、ui n the whole ness and the scenery of the hill.D Too many holes will be opened in the side of the hill after theworki ngs.-12 -18. Why do the local groups oppose the min eral permissi on?A Because they run the quarry near Sheep Hill and make money from it.B.Because the mineral permission will do ha

38、rm to archaeological remains and the Ian dscape.C.Because they don t agree with the han dli ng of the developme nt ofthe quarry.D Because they care about not only archaeological remains, Ian dscapebut also the wildlife and trees.19. How did William Thompson & Son react towards the complaint from

39、 thelocals?A He had no reacti on.B.He worried about their producti on of whi nst one.C.He feared to be puni shed.D He is not satisfied with the ombudsma n.二、閱讀理解（共 4 小題；共 8.0 分）You are going to the Un ited States to live? How won derful! Youare really lucky.Perhaps your family and friends said simil

40、ar thi ngs to you whe n youleft home. But is it true all the time? Is your life in the new country always won-13 -derful and excit ing?Specialists say that it isnt easy to get used to life in a new culture.Culture shock is the term specialists use when talking about the feelingsthat people have in a

41、 new en vir onmen t. There are three stages of cultureshock, say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. The n, whe n the fresh experie nce dies, they beg in to hate thecity, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begi n

42、to adjust to their surro undings and, as a result, enjoy theirlife more.There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may beun pleasa nt. The customs may be differe nt. The public service systems, theteleph one, post office, or tran sportati on maybe difficult to work out. Thesimplest

43、 things seem to be big problems. The Ian guage may be difficult.Who feels culture shock? Every one does in this way or that. Butculture shock surprises most people. Very ofte n the people hav ing the worstculture shock are those who n ever had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their com muni ty. Comi ng to a new country,these people find they do not have the same established positions. They findthemselves without a role, almost without an identity.They have to build a new self-image.Culture shock gives rise to a feeling of disorientation 迷惘）.This fe