情態(tài)動(dòng)詞語法填空

1、 Whats the definition of modal verbs?l情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有一定的詞義情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有一定的詞義,表表示說話人的情緒示說話人的情緒,態(tài)度或語氣的動(dòng)詞態(tài)度或語氣的動(dòng)詞,但但不能單獨(dú)作謂語不能單獨(dú)作謂語, 只能和其他動(dòng)詞原形只能和其他動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。構(gòu)成謂語。 一一.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語法特征情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語法特征1）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能單獨(dú)做謂語，除不能單獨(dú)做謂語，除ought和和have外，后面只能接不帶外，后面只能接不帶to的的不定式。不定式。2）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱，數(shù)的變化，但有些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱，數(shù)的變化，但有些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如can、will也有一般

2、式和過去也有一般式和過去式的變化。式的變化。3）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的“時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)”形式并不是時(shí)間區(qū)形式并不是時(shí)間區(qū)別的主要標(biāo)志，不少情況下，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)別的主要標(biāo)志，不少情況下，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在式形式和過去式形式都可用來表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)在式形式和過去式形式都可用來表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間、過去時(shí)間和將來時(shí)間。間、過去時(shí)間和將來時(shí)間。1. Ability （能力）（能力）2. Obligation （義務(wù)）（義務(wù)）3. Certainty （可能性）（可能性）4. Permission （允許）（允許）二情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語法功能二情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語法功能5. Make requests（提出（提出請求請求）6. Make sug

3、gestions（提出（提出建議建議）7. Make offers（提供（提供幫助幫助）8. Give advice（提出（提出意見意見）三、情三、情態(tài)態(tài)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞的的多多樣樣性性1.首先從整體上把握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語法和語義特征。2.逐個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)，了解每個(gè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法特征，尤其要熟練掌握一些常用或?？记閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法并認(rèn)真區(qū)別具有相同功能的、意思相近的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞試題的突破方法四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞試題的突破方法五、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞試題的解題技巧五、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞試題的解題技巧情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1. can could be able to4. shall 2. may might六常見情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法5. mus

4、t have to 3. will would7. need dare6. ought to should8. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1. can could be able to3. shall 2. may mightThe usage of some common modal verbs4. must have to 5. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have donel1.canl1)表能力表能力can表能力時(shí)意味著憑體力或腦力或技術(shù)等可以無甚阻力地去做某事。lI can climb this pole. He is only four , but he can read. lcan 和和

5、could：1.表示現(xiàn)在的能力：can，am/is/areableto2.表示將來的能力：willbeableto3.表示過去的能力：could，was/wereableto4.表示過去本來能做未做的能力用什么？表示過去本來能做未做的能力用什么？Couldhavedonecan/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別:can表示表示或或，而，而be able to更加強(qiáng)調(diào)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)或者或者，能做到的事情。能做到的事情。I cant swim, but I am sure I will be able toswim through more practicing.表示特定的某一過去能力或表示成功地做表示特定

6、的某一過去能力或表示成功地做了某事時(shí)，只能用了某事時(shí)，只能用was/were able to， 不不能用能用could。 He_fleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.Note：wasableto1.A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone _ run out of the building.was able to2. She _ speak both English and French.canl(1) Im starving. I _ eat 2 bowls of rice now.l

7、(2) If you have a good sleep, you _ work out this problem tomorrow. (將來的能力）l(3) The fire spread very quickly but everyone _ get out. (過去有具體的能力；成功的做了某事）canwill be able towas able tol2)表推測、驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主表推測、驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中）要用在否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中） lA,用于否定與疑問結(jié)構(gòu)中用于否定與疑問結(jié)構(gòu)中l(wèi)Can the news be true?

8、It cant be true. lWhat can he possibly mean? 他可能是什么意思?Hes such a nice person that he _ commit the crime. cantB,can用于肯定句用于肯定句,表示偶爾的可能性。表示偶爾的可能性。如：如：l3)表示表示請求或允許請求或允許(和和may意思相近意思相近)常見于常見于口語?？谡Z。lCan (May) I come in ? 我能進(jìn)來嗎?lCan I smoke here ? 我可以在這里抽煙嗎?2)could的主要用法是：的主要用法是：A.could是是can的過去式的過去式,表示與過去表示與

9、過去有關(guān)的能力和推測有關(guān)的能力和推測:eg.Weallknewthattheyoungmancouldntbeadoctor.B.could可以代替可以代替can表示請求、表示請求、允許允許?？杀硎疚窨蜌獾奶岢鰡栴}或陳述看法Couldyoulendmeyourdictionary?CouldIuseyourbike?Yes, you can.Im afraid I couldnt give you an answer today.Can或或could 的否定形式構(gòu)成習(xí)慣短語的否定形式構(gòu)成習(xí)慣短語Cant.too.Cant .enough.無論怎樣無論怎樣也不過分也不過分Cant (help)

10、 but do不得不做，只好做不得不做，只好做Cant help doing 情不自禁情不自禁Cant help it 沒有辦法沒有辦法Cant .+比較級(jí)比較級(jí) 再再不過了（表示最高級(jí)）不過了（表示最高級(jí)）你過馬路的時(shí)候再小心也不為過。你過馬路的時(shí)候再小心也不為過。 You cant be too careful while crossing the road. She couldnt but agree to my idea.I cant thank you enough.The film couldnt be any worse.l 15I _ thank you too much fo

11、r all your help to my son while we were away from home.l 答案：cant l 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們不在家時(shí)，你對(duì)我兒子的幫助，我怎樣感謝你都不過分。cant.too much表示“無論怎樣也不過分”。MayIwatchTVaftersupper?Yes,_./No,_.MightIuseyourtelephone?MayIgohomenow?Itmaybetrue.Shemaycometomorrow.Hemighthavesomefever.Mayyousucceed!Mayyouhavemanymoredaysashappy

12、asthisone!youmayYoumustnt允許允許,許可許可禁止禁止,阻止阻止Might比比May的語氣更委婉的語氣更委婉表示可能性的推測表示可能性的推測,譯為譯為“大概大概,可能可能”用用might時(shí)顯得更加不肯定時(shí)顯得更加不肯定用于祈使句表示祝愿用于祈使句表示祝愿.May和和Might固定搭配固定搭配will和和would：will當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)有以下用法當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)有以下用法:If you give him time, Tom will talk and talk for hours.Every Saturday evening they will play chess tog

13、ether表經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性表經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性“老是、總是、終歸老是、總是、終歸是是”lThe door wont open.lIll do my best to help you.lWill you please give me a message when you see him?l-Write to me when you get home.l-I will.表示功能，譯作表示功能，譯作“能能”或或“行行”意愿意愿2人稱，詢問對(duì)方意愿或向?qū)θ朔Q，詢問對(duì)方意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蠓教岢稣埱蠡卮鹌硎咕浠卮鹌硎咕銲 will go to the park with you tomorrow if yo

14、u will offer me lunch. Question: Is this sentence correct? Why?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示表示 “意愿意愿”Would當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)有以下用法：當(dāng)作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)有以下用法：Wouldyouhelpus,please?WhenIhadsometrouble,hewouldencourageme.Wealltriedtostophimsmokinginbedbuthewouldntlisten.過去的習(xí)慣過去的習(xí)慣意愿意愿用于用于2人稱，表示有禮貌的請求或邀請人稱，表示有禮貌的請求或邀請l 用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空l 1. The door_ope

15、n, no matter how hard she pushed.(用否定形式)l 答案：wouldntl 解析：本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定用法。句意：無論她怎樣用力推，這扇門就是不開。根據(jù)句意可知，wouldnt 在用于表示過去的否定句中時(shí)，表示拒絕，可譯為“不肯/愿意，總是不”等。這里門好像有了意愿一樣和她作對(duì)，這是一種擬人的用法。l 18Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _ say where he was.(用否定形式)l 答案： wouldntl 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：幾天后，我哥哥打電話說他一切都好

16、，但不愿意說他在哪兒。wouldnt“不愿意”。注意：表示請求、建議等，注意：表示請求、建議等，would比比will委婉客氣。委婉客氣。sentence pattern Would you pleaseWould you mindWould ratherWould you likeWould 與與 Used to do 區(qū)別區(qū)別 “過去常常過去常?！?Would -過去習(xí)慣的動(dòng)作動(dòng)作（現(xiàn)在有可能還有此習(xí)慣）Used to do -過去習(xí)慣的動(dòng)作動(dòng)作及狀態(tài)（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)沒有此習(xí)慣） The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon

17、 after he finished his farm work. would可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。翻譯為翻譯為“經(jīng)常、慣于、總是經(jīng)常、慣于、總是”。shall和和should：1.shall用于征求對(duì)方的意見，表用于征求對(duì)方的意見，表“決心決心”Shallwegobytrain,Mom?媽媽，我們乘火車去好嗎？媽媽，我們乘火車去好嗎？（用于征求對(duì)方的意見）（用于征求對(duì)方的意見）Ishallgoatonce.我必須立即去。我必須立即去。（表（表“決心決心”）l1)用于第一、用于第一、 三人稱征求對(duì)方的意見，三人稱征求對(duì)方的意見，lWhat shall he

18、 wear on the journey? lShall we dance? l2)shall 用于第二、三人稱時(shí)表允諾，警告，用于第二、三人稱時(shí)表允諾，警告，命令，威脅。命令，威脅?！氨仨?，應(yīng)該可以必須，應(yīng)該可以”lIf he passes the examination, he shall have a holiday.lYou shall have it back tomorrow.l3）用于第二、三人稱用于法律法規(guī)條例等）用于第二、三人稱用于法律法規(guī)條例等文件中的要求。文件中的要求?！皯?yīng)該、必須應(yīng)該、必須”lIts required in our regulation that stu

19、dents shall go to school on time.lPersons under 18 shant be employed in night work.l 17One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.l 答案：shalll 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們的一條規(guī)則就是，每個(gè)學(xué)生在校期間都必須穿校服。shall用于第三人稱，在條約、規(guī)定、法令等文件中表示命令或規(guī)定。l2.should表示義務(wù)、建議、勸告等，意為表示義務(wù)、建議、勸告等，意為“應(yīng)該應(yīng)該”。(oughtto)

20、lStudentsshouldrespectteachers.lTheboysshouldntbeplayingfootball;theyshouldbeatschool.lIts4:30,TheyshouldbeinNewYorkbynow.勸告、建議勸告、建議義務(wù)、責(zé)任義務(wù)、責(zé)任常規(guī)、常理的推測（正常情況下）按理應(yīng)該常規(guī)、常理的推測（正常情況下）按理應(yīng)該lHeoughttosucceed,asheissodiligent.lItisstrangethatitshouldbesohottoday.lIdontunderstandwhysheshouldhavemadesuchamistake

21、.lShoulditraintomorrow,themeetingwillbepostponed.居然，竟然居然，竟然與疑問詞連用，表示意外、納悶、驚訝等與疑問詞連用，表示意外、納悶、驚訝等“究竟是，到底究竟是，到底”用于條件句中用于條件句中“萬一萬一”l Shall; should; wouldl You _ go to the ball, Cinderella.l You_fail if you dont work hard.l The school rules state that no child _ be allowed out of the school during the da

22、y, unless accompanied by an adult.l I wonder whats happened to Annie. She _ be (= It was expected that she would be) here by now.l If anyone _ ask for me, Ill be in the managers office.l I didnt expect that he _ have behaved like that. l He said he _ see his brother tomorrow.l I asked him to move hi

23、s car but he said he _.l What _ you do if you lost your job?l _ you like me to come with you?l I_rather have a beer.l He _ always turn and wave at the end of the street.shallshallshallshouldshouldshouldwouldwouldwouldwouldwouldwouldl - Whats the name?l - Khulaifi. _ I spell that for you?A. Shall B.

24、Would C. Can D. MightDrill(小練小練)（10江蘇）江蘇） I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D.may 解析：解析：shall在第二人稱中表示在第二人稱中表示允諾允諾，還，還可以表示強(qiáng)制，命令，威脅，警告。還可以表示強(qiáng)制，命令，威脅，警告。還有在法律條文中的要求或規(guī)定。有在法律條文中的要求或規(guī)定。答案：答案：BYo

25、ushallbepunishedforwhatyouvedone.你一定會(huì)因?yàn)槟愕乃魉艿綉土P。你一定會(huì)因?yàn)槟愕乃魉艿綉土P。must和和haveto1.must用于一般問句中用于一般問句中,肯定回答用肯定回答用must否定式用否定式用neednt或或donthaveto，做做“不必不必”,mustnt表示表示“禁止，不允禁止，不允許許” MustIfinishalltheworkatatime?Yes,youmust.No,youneednt.IdontlikethisTVset.Wemustbuyanewone.Therewasnomorebus.Theyhadtowalkhome.2

26、.表示表示“必須必須”這個(gè)意思時(shí)，這個(gè)意思時(shí)，must和和haveto稍有區(qū)別。稍有區(qū)別。1、must著重說明主著重說明主觀看法，觀看法，haveto強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。另外，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。另外，haveto能用于更多時(shí)態(tài)。能用于更多時(shí)態(tài)。 2.haveto有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。但must可用于間接引語中表示過去的必要或義務(wù)。Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.昨天他不得不照看他的妹妹。Youmustbethenewteacher.Hemustbejoking.Thereisnobodyhere.Theymusthaveallgonehom

27、e.3.must表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在某人某事的猜測，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在某人某事的猜測，作作“準(zhǔn)是準(zhǔn)是”，“一定一定”，一般用于肯定句中。，一般用于肯定句中。不能用于否定句或疑問句。不能用于否定句或疑問句。對(duì)過去發(fā)生的對(duì)過去發(fā)生的事情作肯定判斷用事情作肯定判斷用musthavedonevery uncertainalmost certainmightshouldmustmaycouldought towill1.He _ be at home.2.He _ be at home, for he just called me from his home 15 seconds ago.A.may B.might C.

28、must A.may B.might C.must (can)can不肯，may不問，must不否問口訣巧學(xué)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測肯定的推測一般用肯定的推測一般用must,may，might（不用（不用can）。其中，其中，must的語氣最強(qiáng)，譯為的語氣最強(qiáng)，譯為“肯定肯定”；may的語氣次之，的語氣次之，譯為譯為“很可能很可能”；might語氣最弱，譯為語氣最弱，譯為“也許也許”。如：。如：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞對(duì)現(xiàn)在的推測否定的推測：否定語氣較強(qiáng)時(shí)，則用否定的推測：否定語氣較強(qiáng)時(shí)，則用cant，譯為，譯為“根本不可能根本不可能”;語語氣不很肯定時(shí)，常用氣不很肯定時(shí)，常用maynot，mightnot或或coul

29、dnot，譯為，譯為“可能可能不不”“”“也許不也許不”。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞對(duì)過去的推測Thegroundiswet.Itmusthaverainedlastnight.地上是濕的，昨晚地上是濕的，昨晚一定一定下雨了。下雨了。l 2. Since nobody gave him any help, he _ have done the research on his own.l 答案：mustl 解析：句意：既然沒人給予他任何幫助，他一定是獨(dú)自完成這項(xiàng)研究的。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。must have done表示對(duì)過去情況的肯定推測，意為“一定做了”，符合語境。l 3. I _(enjoy) myself

30、moreit was a perfect day.l 答案：couldnt have enjoyedl 解析：句意：我過得非常開心(我不可能過得更愉快了)這真是完美的一天。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測的用法。couldnt have done. more可以表示“過去不可能更”的意思，符合此句句意。l4. When I was a child, I _ watch TV whenever I wanted to.l答案：couldl解析：句意：在我小時(shí)候，每當(dāng)我想看電視時(shí)就能看。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。could在此表達(dá)過去能夠做某事，符合句意。l5. It _ be the postman at th

31、e door. Its only six oclock.(用否定形式)l答案：cantl解析：句意：門外不可能是郵遞員，現(xiàn)在才六點(diǎn)。cant不可能，在此表示推測。l 6. The children _(get) lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.l 答案：must have gotl 解析：句意：孩子們肯定在樹林里迷路了，否則他們就會(huì)按照計(jì)劃回到湖邊營地了?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測。根據(jù)would have been可知語境指的是過去，must have got肯定

32、已，符合語境。l 7. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _(drink) too much at the party last night.l 答案：must have drunkl 解析：句意：Harry感覺很不舒服，他在昨晚的聚會(huì)上一定是喝多了。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語last night，得知本句應(yīng)該屬于對(duì)過去發(fā)生事情的推測，must have done表示“過去一定做過某事”。l 8. Why are your eyes so red? You _have slept well last night.l Yeah, I stayed up lat

33、e writing a report.(用否定形式)l 答案：cantl 解析：句意：你的眼睛為什么那么紅啊？昨晚你不可能睡得很好。是的，我熬到很晚寫一篇報(bào)告。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。cant have done過去不可能做。l 9. No one_ be more generous；he has a heart of gold.l 答案：can/couldl 解析：句意：沒有人可能比他更慷慨，他有一顆金子般的心。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。can/could可能。l 10. What are you doing this Saturday? l Im not sure, but I _(或許) go t

34、o the Rolling Stones concert.l 答案：mightl 解析：句意：本周六你打算做什么？說不準(zhǔn)，不過或許我會(huì)去滾石演唱會(huì)。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。根據(jù)答語中“Im not sure”可知是對(duì)將來不肯定的推測，故填might。l 11. He_sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.(用否定形式)l 答案：couldntl 解析：couldnt表示“不能”。根據(jù)語境可知，他顯然是“不能”入睡，根據(jù)句中的although he tr

35、ied to可知這里說的是過去的事情，所以用cannot的過去式，故填couldnt。句意：盡管他想努力睡著，但還是無法入眠。此時(shí)他就開始尋找睡著的辦法，直到找到為止。l 12. You neednt take an umbrella. It isnt going to rain.l Well, I dont know. It _do.l 答案：mightl 解析：句意：你不需要帶傘，不會(huì)下雨的。哦，我不知道，或許會(huì)下。本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語境可知，說話人對(duì)是否下雨并不是很確定，因此填might或許。How old are you, madam?If you must know, Im tw

36、ice my sons age.4.must表示表示“偏要，硬要偏要，硬要”，指做令人，指做令人不快的事情不快的事情常用于固定句型：常用于固定句型： if you must do sth. 如果你非得要做某事）如果你非得要做某事）need 與與 dare 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.可兼做行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need 、 dare情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形)行為動(dòng)詞行為動(dòng)詞 .needdare1.無人稱和數(shù)的變化;2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑問句中;*在if/whether之后;*或與hardly, never, no one, nobody連用; 3.常以neednt 和dar

37、ent 的形式出現(xiàn);4.dare有其過去時(shí)dared. 多用于肯定句; need to do dare to doneed to be done need doing 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 vs 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞肯定句肯定句 實(shí)實(shí)情情e.g. She needs to stay at home today.e.g. He dares to jump from the high wall.e.g. She need stay at home today.e.g. He dare jump from the high wall.疑問句疑問句 e.g. Does she need to stay at

38、home today?e.g. Does he dare to jump from the high wall?e.g. Need she stay at home today?e.g. Dare he jump from the high wall?實(shí)實(shí)情情否定句否定句Dare 作為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候，作為實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候，否定句否定句中的中的 to 可以省略可以省略e.g.He doesnt dare (to) jump from the high wall.實(shí)實(shí)e.g. She doesnt need to stay at home today.e.g. He doesnt dare to j

39、ump from the high wall情情e.g. She neednt stay at home today.e.g. He dare not jump from the high wall.He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?判斷正誤判斷正誤:He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?These dishes need be cleaned carefully.These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.Th

40、ese dishes need cleaning carefully.l 16Its quite warm here; we _ turn the heating on yet.(用否定形式)l 答案：neednt l 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：這里相當(dāng)暖和，我們沒有必要還開著暖氣。neednt“不必”。l 20I _ use a clock to wake me up because at six oclock each morning the train comes by my house.(用否定形式)l 答案：needntl 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我不必用鐘表喚醒自己，因?yàn)榛疖嚸刻?/p>

41、早上六點(diǎn)經(jīng)過我的房子。根據(jù)原因狀語從句的內(nèi)容可知此處表示的是“不必”。l 13We _ have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.(用否定形式)l 答案：needntl 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：既然Suzie不和我們一起吃晚飯，那我們就沒有必要買這么多食物。根據(jù)“now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner”可知neednt have done表示“本沒有必要做某事而實(shí)際上卻做了”。 表示否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法: 部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的考點(diǎn)之一。 mus

42、tnt 不準(zhǔn), 禁止 neednt 沒必要 ( = dont have to )cant 不能; 不可能may not 不可以; 可能不shouldnt 不應(yīng)該 ( = ought not to ) must have done must have done 過去一定做過某事cancant have donet have done 過去不可能做過某事should ( ought to ) have doneshould ( ought to ) have done 過去本該做某事卻沒做shouldnshouldnt ( ought not to ) have done t ( ought no

43、t to ) have done 過去本不該做某事卻做了. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done表示對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生事情推測、責(zé)怪、后悔、遺憾等。 neednneednt have donet have done 過去沒有必要做某事而實(shí)際上卻做了 could have done could have done 過去本可以做某事卻沒做might have donemight have done 過去可能已經(jīng)做了某事5. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done表示對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生事情推測、責(zé)怪、后悔、遺憾等。l1. It must have rained last night, for the streets are wet.

44、l2. He looks very happy. He might not have known the result.l3. He could not have done such a thing.l4. She didnt come to school yesterday. Can she have been ill?l5. They left here early and should have arrived by now.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測 對(duì)過去情況的推測對(duì)過去情況的推測l6. You might have written the letter without my re

45、minding you of it.l7. The doctor could have avoided the accidentl8. You should have finished the task yesterday.l9.I was really anxious about you,you shouldnt have left home without a word.l10.He ought not to have told me your secret,but he meant no harm.過去本可能（不用過去本可能（不用may)過去本能夠過去本能夠卻沒有卻沒有過去本應(yīng)該過去本應(yīng)

46、該卻沒有卻沒有過去本不該過去本不該過去本不該過去本不該l 14We _(face) the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me?l 答案：could have facedl 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：我們本可以共同面對(duì)困難，可你為什么不告訴我呢？后半句用的是一般過去時(shí)，由此可知前半句是對(duì)過去情況的推測，所以用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done”形式。could have done表示過去本可以做某事，而實(shí)際上卻沒有做，符合句意。l 19Happy birthday!l Thank you! Its the best present I _(w

47、ish)for.l 答案：could have wishedl 解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：“生日快樂！”“謝謝你！這是我所能期望的最好的禮物了?！眂ould have wished意為“可能希望”，符合句意。在反意疑問句中，當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞含有must/might/can表示推測意義時(shí)，疑問部分的助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面的動(dòng)詞在非推測情況下的用法保持一致。 8.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測的反意疑問句l表推測的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞句子的反意疑問句表推測的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞句子的反意疑問句He must/may be in the room, isnt he?He cant be in the room, is he?He mus

48、t have finished the work, hasnt he?He may have done the work last night, didnt he? He must have been caught in the heavy rain last night,_wasnt he.1.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.neednthavetakenD.mustnthavetaken2.-IlltellM

49、aryabouthernewjobtomorrow.-You_herlastweek.A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetoldCDPracticePractice3.She_haveleftschool,forherbikeisstillhere.A.cantB.wouldntC.shouldntD.neednt4.-Icantfindmypurseanywhere.-You_havelostitwhileshopping.A.mayB.canC.shouldD.would5.-IstayedatahotelwhileinNe

50、wYork.-Oh,didyou?You_withBarbara.A.couldhavestayedB.couldstayC.wouldstayD.musthavestayedAAAl （10四川）四川）l 1. _ I take the book out? Im afraid not. A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need考點(diǎn)：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。解析：表請求可用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, could, might ,表允許用can, may.句意為：“我可以將這本書帶出去嗎？”“恐怕不行”。故應(yīng)選表請求的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may。正確答案為B。答案：B(10陜西）陜西）l 2. -May I take this book out of the reading room? -No, you . You read it in here. l A. mightnt B. wont l C. neednt D. mustnt解析：考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。英語中用could，might表示詢問或征求意見的問句中，肯定性應(yīng)答要用can或may來代替could或might，而may或might征求意見的問句否