高考語(yǔ)法復(fù)系列五ppt課件

1、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的主要考點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的主要考點(diǎn)1、調(diào)查在語(yǔ)境中判別動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用才干。、調(diào)查在語(yǔ)境中判別動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的運(yùn)用才干。常考的時(shí)?？嫉臅r(shí) 態(tài)為：普通如今、普經(jīng)過(guò)去、普通未來(lái)、態(tài)為：普通如今、普經(jīng)過(guò)去、普通未來(lái)、如今進(jìn)如今進(jìn) 行、過(guò)去進(jìn)展、如今完成、過(guò)去完成、行、過(guò)去進(jìn)展、如今完成、過(guò)去完成、如今完成進(jìn)如今完成進(jìn) 行、過(guò)去未來(lái)等。行、過(guò)去未來(lái)等。2、時(shí)間、條件、退讓等狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞的、時(shí)間、條件、退讓等狀語(yǔ)從句中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)；主從時(shí)態(tài)；主從 句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問(wèn)題。句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問(wèn)題。3、繼續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞的用法區(qū)別。、繼續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終止性動(dòng)詞的用法區(qū)別。4、及物動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。、及物動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。5、系動(dòng)

2、詞的用法特點(diǎn)。、系動(dòng)詞的用法特點(diǎn)。6、某些以自動(dòng)方式表被動(dòng)意義的動(dòng)詞的用、某些以自動(dòng)方式表被動(dòng)意義的動(dòng)詞的用法。法。最常用的幾種時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配最常用的幾種時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配一般現(xiàn)在every , sometimes,at , on Sunday 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行now, 現(xiàn)在完成for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past years, always, recently 一般過(guò)去yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in

3、1982, just now 過(guò)去進(jìn)行this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening when, while 過(guò)去完成before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as 一般將來(lái)next, tomorrow, in 過(guò)去將來(lái)多用在間接引語(yǔ)中表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作以后的動(dòng)作1、如今時(shí)態(tài)、如今時(shí)態(tài)高考題點(diǎn)擊：高考題點(diǎn)擊：Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea,

4、 which _ the Pacific, and we met no storms. 05遼寧卷遼寧卷Awas called Bis called Chad been called Dhas been called2. I _ ping-pong quite well, but I havent had time to play since the new year. (2019 N) A. will playB. have playedC. playedD. playBD闡明：此題的干擾源為上下文的過(guò)去時(shí)，但闡明：此題的干擾源為上下文的過(guò)去時(shí)，但“被稱為太平被稱為太平洋是客觀現(xiàn)狀，只能用普

5、通如今時(shí)。洋是客觀現(xiàn)狀，只能用普通如今時(shí)。闡明：常識(shí)通知我們，一個(gè)人一旦獲得某種技藝，普通是闡明：常識(shí)通知我們，一個(gè)人一旦獲得某種技藝，普通是不會(huì)在短期內(nèi)失去的，所以需用普通如今時(shí)。不會(huì)在短期內(nèi)失去的，所以需用普通如今時(shí)。3. Since I won the big prize, my telephone hasnt stopped ringing. People _ to ask how I am going to spend the money. 05湖南卷湖南卷 A. phone B. will phone C. were phoning D. are phoning 4. Select

6、ing a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly. (2019 N) A. is changingB. has changed C. will have changedD. will change闡明：自從我贏了大獎(jiǎng)，人們不停地打來(lái)問(wèn)我將怎樣運(yùn)用闡明：自從我贏了大獎(jiǎng)，人們不停地打來(lái)問(wèn)我將怎樣運(yùn)用這筆錢。此處的這筆錢。此處的 are phoning 表示表示“不停的打。不停的打。闡明：選擇挪動(dòng)難的緣由是由于科技正在飛速開(kāi)展，所以闡明：選擇挪動(dòng)難的緣由是由于科技正在飛速開(kāi)展，所以要

7、用如今進(jìn)展時(shí)；況且進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)常給人一種情感上的描畫，要用如今進(jìn)展時(shí)；況且進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)常給人一種情感上的描畫，表示說(shuō)話者的一種表示說(shuō)話者的一種“感慨、贊賞、憤怒、斥責(zé)等。感慨、贊賞、憤怒、斥責(zé)等。DA5. _ my sister three times today but her line was always busy. 05北京春季北京春季A. Id phoned B. Ive been phoning C. Ive phoned D. I was phoning 6. - You havent been to Beijing, have you? - _. How I wish to go th

8、ere! (98 N) A. Yes, I haveB. Yes, I havent C. No, I haveD. No, I havent闡明：此題的干擾源是后面的闡明：此題的干擾源是后面的 was busy。今天打了三次是。今天打了三次是用來(lái)表示結(jié)果的，只能用如今完成時(shí)；而每次她都占線是用來(lái)表示結(jié)果的，只能用如今完成時(shí)；而每次她都占線是表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，所以用普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)。表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，所以用普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)。闡明：從補(bǔ)充的句子闡明：從補(bǔ)充的句子 “How I wish to go there!可知可知“我我沒(méi)到過(guò)北京。沒(méi)到過(guò)北京。CD7. - Hi, Tracy, you look tired

9、. - I am tired. I _ the living room all day. (98 N) A. paintedB. had painted C. have been paintingD. have painted8. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy_ going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet. 04北京北京 A had consideredB has been considering C consideredD is going to consider闡明：這句話的意思是闡明：這句話的意思

10、是“我一整天都在刷起居室，如今我一整天都在刷起居室，如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)場(chǎng)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作不斷繼續(xù)到如今，完成進(jìn)展時(shí)表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)場(chǎng)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作不斷繼續(xù)到如今，而且還在進(jìn)展當(dāng)中。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是而且還在進(jìn)展當(dāng)中。強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“不斷在做。不斷在做。CB闡明：她闡明：她“不斷在思索返校是如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)，不斷在思索返校是如今完成進(jìn)展時(shí)，“還沒(méi)還沒(méi)作決議是如今的結(jié)果。作決議是如今的結(jié)果。用于如今完成時(shí)的句型用于如今完成時(shí)的句型 1It is the first / second time. that構(gòu)造構(gòu)造中的從句部分，用如今完成時(shí)。中的從句部分，用如今完成時(shí)。 It is the first time that I

11、 have visited the city. It was the third time that the boy had been late. 留意比較留意比較 Its time that 構(gòu)造：構(gòu)造： It is high time that we went to school.2This is the that構(gòu)造，構(gòu)造，that 從句要用從句要用如今完成時(shí)如今完成時(shí). This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。這是我看過(guò)的最好的電影。 This is the first time (that) Ive heard

12、him sing. 這是我第一次聽(tīng)他唱歌。這是我第一次聽(tīng)他唱歌。 典型例題典型例題(1) - Do you know our town at all? - No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming (2) - Have you _ been to our town before? - No, its the first time I _ here. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come 留

13、意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否認(rèn)方式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)留意：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否認(rèn)方式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的形狀是可以繼續(xù)的。間的狀語(yǔ)連用。即動(dòng)作不發(fā)生的形狀是可以繼續(xù)的。錯(cuò)錯(cuò)I have received his letter for a month.對(duì)對(duì)I havent received his letter for almost a month. BD2、過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)高考題點(diǎn)擊：高考題點(diǎn)擊：1. - Nancy is not coming tonight. - But she _! (98 N) A. promisesB. promisedC. will promise D. h

14、ad promised2. My uncle _ until he was forty-five. (2000 上海上海) A. marriedB. didnt marry C. was not marryingD. would marry闡明：闡明：Nancy 答應(yīng)要來(lái)這個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)該發(fā)生在過(guò)去，是過(guò)去答應(yīng)要來(lái)這個(gè)動(dòng)作應(yīng)該發(fā)生在過(guò)去，是過(guò)去作出的承諾。作出的承諾。闡明：闡明：until 用在一定句中時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞必需是延續(xù)性動(dòng)用在一定句中時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞必需是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示該動(dòng)作不斷繼續(xù)到詞，表示該動(dòng)作不斷繼續(xù)到 until 后的時(shí)間為止；短暫性后的時(shí)間為止；短暫性動(dòng)詞只能用在否認(rèn)句中，表示直到

15、此時(shí)該動(dòng)作才開(kāi)場(chǎng)。此動(dòng)詞只能用在否認(rèn)句中，表示直到此時(shí)該動(dòng)作才開(kāi)場(chǎng)。此題中題中 marry 是短暫性動(dòng)詞，所以只能用在否認(rèn)句中。是短暫性動(dòng)詞，所以只能用在否認(rèn)句中。BB3. - You havent said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it? (N2019) - Im sorry I _ anything about it sooner. I certainly think its pretty on you. A. wasnt sayingB. dont sayC. wont say D. didnt say闡明：此題的干擾源

16、來(lái)自上下文中的時(shí)態(tài)，上文用的是如闡明：此題的干擾源來(lái)自上下文中的時(shí)態(tài)，上文用的是如今完成時(shí)，下文用的是普通如今時(shí)，所以有些人就誤以為今完成時(shí)，下文用的是普通如今時(shí)，所以有些人就誤以為此處該用如今時(shí)態(tài)了。但根聽(tīng)說(shuō)話人的意思不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，沒(méi)此處該用如今時(shí)態(tài)了。但根聽(tīng)說(shuō)話人的意思不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，沒(méi)有說(shuō)出本人的評(píng)價(jià)是在這段對(duì)話以前的事了，所以要用普有說(shuō)出本人的評(píng)價(jià)是在這段對(duì)話以前的事了，所以要用普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)。經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)。D4. As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep. (95 N) A. read was fallingB. was reading fell C. was r

17、eading was fallingD. read fell5. The manager had fallen asleep where he _, without undressing. 05安徽卷安徽卷 A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied 闡明：普通來(lái)說(shuō)在復(fù)合句中的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作大闡明：普通來(lái)說(shuō)在復(fù)合句中的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作大都用進(jìn)展時(shí)，短暫性的動(dòng)詞用普通時(shí)，表示在某個(gè)動(dòng)作進(jìn)都用進(jìn)展時(shí)，短暫性的動(dòng)詞用普通時(shí)，表示在某個(gè)動(dòng)作進(jìn)展的過(guò)程當(dāng)中另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。展的過(guò)程當(dāng)中另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生了。闡明：該題的意思為闡明：該題的

18、意思為“經(jīng)理躺在那兒睡著了，衣服也沒(méi)脫經(jīng)理躺在那兒睡著了，衣服也沒(méi)脫?！疤墒且粋€(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞為躺是一個(gè)不及物動(dòng)詞，其過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞為“l(fā)ay; lain。lay 是及物動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞為是及物動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞為 laid；lied 是是“說(shuō)謊的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞。說(shuō)謊的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞。BB6. The little girl _ her heart out because she _ her toy bear and believed she wasnt ever going to find it. (02 北京北京) A. had cried, lostB.

19、cried, had lost C. has cried, has lostD. cries, has lost 7. Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh! I thought they _ without me. (05江西卷江西卷) Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad gone 闡明：哭得傷心發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而丟玩具熊發(fā)生在哭之前。闡明：哭得傷心發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而丟玩具熊發(fā)生在哭之前。兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，之前發(fā)生的用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，之后兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，之前發(fā)生的用過(guò)去

20、完成時(shí)，之后發(fā)生的用普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)。發(fā)生的用普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)。闡明：闡明：“他沒(méi)叫我就走了這個(gè)動(dòng)作明顯發(fā)生在他沒(méi)叫我就走了這個(gè)動(dòng)作明顯發(fā)生在“我以為我以為之前。所以必需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。之前。所以必需用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。BD3、未來(lái)時(shí)、未來(lái)時(shí)高考題點(diǎn)擊：高考題點(diǎn)擊：1. If a man _ succeed, he must work as hard as he can. (95 上海上海) A. willB. is toC. is going toD. should2. - Youve left the light on. - Oh, so I have. _ and turn it off. (2000 N)

21、 A. Ill goB. Ive goneC. I goD. Im going闡明：此句的意思為闡明：此句的意思為“假設(shè)一個(gè)人想要?jiǎng)倮?，就必需盡力假設(shè)一個(gè)人想要?jiǎng)倮?，就必需盡力而為。而為。If 引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，不能用未來(lái)時(shí)。而引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，不能用未來(lái)時(shí)。而 be to 構(gòu)造雖然表示未來(lái)的動(dòng)作，但它不屬于未來(lái)時(shí)。構(gòu)造雖然表示未來(lái)的動(dòng)作，但它不屬于未來(lái)時(shí)。闡明：本句的重點(diǎn)是闡明：本句的重點(diǎn)是“并行構(gòu)造，關(guān)鍵是看后面的并行構(gòu)造，關(guān)鍵是看后面的 turn，所以所以B、C、D、都不符合。、都不符合。BA3. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _for

22、 London to attend a meeting. (05天津卷天津卷) A. will leave B. leaves C. will have left D. left 4. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon. (93 N) A. leavesB. would leaveC. leftD. had left闡明：闡明：that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)作引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)作“離任應(yīng)該發(fā)生在離任應(yīng)該發(fā)生在“were surprised 之后，故需用過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)。之后，故需用過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)。CB闡明

23、：闡明：by the time 表示表示“到到為止為止“在在之前，假之前，假設(shè)主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，普通需求用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；假設(shè)設(shè)主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，普通需求用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；假設(shè)是未來(lái)，就需用未來(lái)完成時(shí)。是未來(lái)，就需用未來(lái)完成時(shí)。4、狀語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題、狀語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題高考題點(diǎn)擊：高考題點(diǎn)擊：1. - Can I join the club, Dad? - You can when you _ a bit older. (94 N) A. getB. will get C. are gettingD. will have got2. In such dry weather, the flo

24、wers will have to be watered if they _. (2019上海上海) A. have survivedB. are to survive C. would surviveD. will survive闡明：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有未來(lái)時(shí)，需用普通如今時(shí)替代闡明：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有未來(lái)時(shí)，需用普通如今時(shí)替代普通未來(lái)時(shí)。普通未來(lái)時(shí)。闡明：條件狀語(yǔ)從句中不用未來(lái)時(shí)，但闡明：條件狀語(yǔ)從句中不用未來(lái)時(shí)，但 be to 構(gòu)造不屬于構(gòu)造不屬于未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)方式。未來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)方式。AB3. He will have learned English for eight years by the

25、time he _ from the university next year. (2019上海上海) A. will graduateB. will have graduated C. graduatesD. is to graduate4. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment. (2019上海春季上海春季) A. will not be, will knowB. is, will know C. will not be, knowD. is, know闡明：闡明：by the time 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故不能運(yùn)用未引導(dǎo)

26、的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，故不能運(yùn)用未來(lái)時(shí)。來(lái)時(shí)。D選項(xiàng)雖可思索，但選項(xiàng)雖可思索，但 be to 構(gòu)造大多用來(lái)表示構(gòu)造大多用來(lái)表示“義務(wù)、義務(wù)、決議、職責(zé)、商定等，與句意不合。決議、職責(zé)、商定等，與句意不合。闡明：闡明：before 引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，無(wú)未來(lái)時(shí)，而主句引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，無(wú)未來(lái)時(shí)，而主句應(yīng)該用未來(lái)時(shí)。應(yīng)該用未來(lái)時(shí)。CC5、祈使句中的動(dòng)詞問(wèn)題、祈使句中的動(dòng)詞問(wèn)題高考題點(diǎn)擊：高考題點(diǎn)擊：1. _ it with me and Ill see what I can do. (98 N) A. When left B. LeavingC. If you leave D. Leave2.

27、_ some of this juice - perhaps youll like it. (2000 北京春季北京春季) A. TryingB. TryC. To try D. Have tried3. _ at the door before entering, please. (01 北京春季北京春季) A. knockedB. To knockC. KnockingD. Knock4. _ blood if you can and many lives will be saved. (2019上海上海) A. GivingB. GiveC. Given D. To giveDBDB6、

28、幾種時(shí)態(tài)的替代問(wèn)題、幾種時(shí)態(tài)的替代問(wèn)題A：普通如今時(shí)替代未來(lái)時(shí)：普通如今時(shí)替代未來(lái)時(shí) ： 除了在時(shí)間、條件、退讓狀語(yǔ)從句中用除了在時(shí)間、條件、退讓狀語(yǔ)從句中用普通如今時(shí)替代未來(lái)時(shí)外，表示如今已安排普通如今時(shí)替代未來(lái)時(shí)外，表示如今已安排好的未來(lái)事項(xiàng)，行程等活動(dòng)也用普通如今時(shí)好的未來(lái)事項(xiàng)，行程等活動(dòng)也用普通如今時(shí)來(lái)替代未來(lái)時(shí)。如：來(lái)替代未來(lái)時(shí)。如： The museum opens at ten tomorrow.博博物館明天物館明天10點(diǎn)開(kāi)門。點(diǎn)開(kāi)門。(實(shí)踐上每天如此。實(shí)踐上每天如此。) B：普通如今時(shí)替代完成時(shí)：普通如今時(shí)替代完成時(shí)： 句型句型 “It is since替代替代“It has

29、been since It is (= has been) five years since we last met C：普通如今時(shí)替代進(jìn)展時(shí)：普通如今時(shí)替代進(jìn)展時(shí)： 在全部倒裝句中都用普通如今時(shí)替代如在全部倒裝句中都用普通如今時(shí)替代如今進(jìn)展時(shí)。如：今進(jìn)展時(shí)。如： Look, here comes Mr. Li. 高考題點(diǎn)擊：高考題點(diǎn)擊：1. I need one more stamp before my collection _. (94 N) A. has completedB. completes C. has been completed D. is completed2. Clean

30、ing women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. (98 N) A. payB. payingC. paidD. to pay闡明：集郵冊(cè)只能被完成，且在闡明：集郵冊(cè)只能被完成，且在 before 從句中沒(méi)有未來(lái)時(shí)，從句中沒(méi)有未來(lái)時(shí)，故只能選故只能選D。闡明：該句的意思為闡明：該句的意思為“在大城市中清潔女工的工資通常是在大城市中清潔女工的工資通常是按小時(shí)支付的。很明顯該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。按小時(shí)支付的。很明顯該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。DC3. Books of this kind _ well. (99 上海上海) A. sellB. sellsC. are

31、soldD. is sold4. Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory closes. (01 北京春北京春) A. loseB. will be lost C. are lostD. will lose闡明：闡明：sell 既可作及物動(dòng)詞又可作不及物動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)用作既可作及物動(dòng)詞又可作不及物動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)用作“銷銷售情況如何時(shí)，售情況如何時(shí)，sell 為不及物動(dòng)詞，故沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。為不及物動(dòng)詞，故沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。類似的詞還有：類似的詞還有：wash, translate, write 等。等。闡明：闡明：lose job 為為“失業(yè)，失業(yè)，job 只能被失去，且動(dòng)作應(yīng)該只能被失去，且動(dòng)作應(yīng)該發(fā)生在未來(lái)。發(fā)生在未來(lái)。AB5. A new cinema _ here. They hope to finish it next month. (2019 北京春季北京春季) A. will be builtB. is built C. has been builtD. is being built6. The new suspension bridge _ by the end of last month. (2