北京成人英語三級(jí)考試應(yīng)對(duì)技巧完形填空

1、 .第三章 完形填空第一節(jié) 考試大綱對(duì)完形填空的要求見考試內(nèi)容部分.第二節(jié) 概述一、解題技巧 第一步：把握大意 在通讀全文的基礎(chǔ)上，弄清文章的大意和結(jié)構(gòu)，確定文章的背景，為下面將要進(jìn)行的填空做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。完形填空在出題時(shí)遵循一條原則：去掉20個(gè)空格后不影響考生對(duì)文章大意的了解。因此，考生在正式填空前，一定要通讀全文，掌握文章大意?？忌诘谝槐殚喿x中，要善于從文章開頭幾句話中把握文章背景、主題或結(jié)構(gòu)，并結(jié)合常識(shí)對(duì)下文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)判斷，并在隨后的閱讀中，不斷修正，以求與原文一致。通常情況下，文章開頭的一句話就是完整的信息，這些句子會(huì)揭示文章的背景或主題思想，考生在文中一定要仔細(xì)研讀，為后面的閱讀

2、做好鋪墊。第二步：瞻前顧后 “瞻前顧后”，即先讀所填詞的句子，回顧上一句，兼顧下一句。如果一句話中有兩個(gè)空待填，在初定答案時(shí)就要“雙管齊下”：在兩處同時(shí)填，然后通讀全句，確定答案。具體答題方法如下：（1）擇優(yōu)法：根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容及結(jié)構(gòu)邊讀邊填，如果能夠立刻判定最佳答案的，不必再去逐個(gè)考證其余選項(xiàng)。（2）排除法：如果答案一時(shí)難以確定，可按空格位置，從語法結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語搭配、上下文語境、習(xí)慣用法、詞義辨析等方面分析各個(gè)選項(xiàng)，并逐項(xiàng)試填，從而排除干擾項(xiàng)，確定正確答案。 第三步：回頭補(bǔ)缺 在做題時(shí)，如果有的難題一時(shí)做不出來，應(yīng)該跳過此題，繼續(xù)往下做?？忌屑稍谀骋活}上花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間，而是繼續(xù)往下做，隨著空格變得

3、越來越少，文章的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)也會(huì)越來越清晰，這時(shí)就能從下文的線索和暗示中找到答案，這樣再回過頭來填上答案，也不會(huì)為時(shí)晚也。 第四步：復(fù)核全文 題目填完后（除個(gè)別難度較大的題目外），考生利用一到兩分鐘將答案帶入原文通讀，在通讀時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下三點(diǎn)：（1）上下文的一致性：包括時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)上的一致、主謂的一致等。（2）從語法、慣用法、習(xí)慣搭配以及語感入手，看所選答案是否符合上下文的邏輯。（3）段與段、句與句之間的銜接是否連貫。綜上所述，這四個(gè)步驟在整個(gè)完形填空的做題過程中缺一不可。對(duì)文章的大意了解是前提條件；瞻前顧后、靈活答題是做題的核心；而初選答案后，重新返回原文進(jìn)行復(fù)核都是必不可少的步驟。完形填空的成功

4、離不開對(duì)篇章整體的把握，切忌孤立、片面的看問題。除此之外，考生還應(yīng)注意運(yùn)用背景知識(shí)解題。背景知識(shí)在解答填空題時(shí)往往具有重要的輔助作用。有些空格不需要花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間去研究上下文，有些無論從上下文還是詞匯、語法著眼都無法找到解題信息，而運(yùn)用背景知識(shí)也許很快能找到答案。因此，注意背景知識(shí)的運(yùn)用是很有必要的。另外，連接上下文，使前后句子連貫通順的連詞、副詞和某些詞組也常?？梢詭椭袛嗑渥又g以及句子各成分之間的邏輯關(guān)系。完形填空中連接上常見的、表示邏輯關(guān)系的連詞、副詞和詞組有：（1）表示轉(zhuǎn)折：yet，but，however，nevertheless，etc.（2）表示并列：and，or，etc.（3）

5、表示遞進(jìn)、補(bǔ)充：moreover，besides，in addition，not only.but also, etc.（4）表示原因、結(jié)果： because，as, since，due to，therefore，as a result,etc.（5）表示比較、對(duì)比： in comparison，like, as，in incontrast，conversely，on the contrary，etc.解題技巧是在解題實(shí)踐中逐漸形成的。除必須掌握解題的一般規(guī)律外，還要經(jīng)過若干篇完形填空的練習(xí)，才能對(duì)該題型的特點(diǎn)與解析方法有更直接的體會(huì)。由于其做題方法較為靈活，此處只舉2006年4月真題為例進(jìn)行

6、詳解，希望考生仔細(xì)鉆研。二、真題解析2006年4月完形填空In China it is relatively usual to ask people their age，but in the West this question is generally regarded as impolite.This is particularly true_56_women,and even more_57_if the inquirer is a man. However，it is very_58_to ask children their age，and some adults may not m

7、ind_59_either.In fact, some elderly people are quite happy to_60_their age，especially if they feel they look young_61_their age.Nevertheless，it is not very wise to ask a (n)_62_question like”How old are you”.If elderly people want to talk about their age，and perhaps receive a compliment on how young

8、 they look，they may easily_63_the topic themselves，and ask the other person to_64_how old they are._65_such a question，it is quite acceptable to discuss age_66_. They normally expect to be complimented on their youthfulness，though rather than_ 67 _that they look very old! _68_Westerners do not usual

9、ly ask people directly how old they are，this does not_69_that they are not interested to know how old other people are. They may ask someone else_70_the information,_71_ they may try to _72_ the topic indirectly.Sometimes discussions about educational_73_ and the number of years of working experienc

10、e may provide some_74_，but this not always the_ 75 _. 56.A. on B.for C. in D.of 57.A. that B.such C.than D.so 58.A.average B.normal C. expected D.unusual 59.A.being asked B.asking C.to ask D.to be asked 60.A.reveal B.reflect C.release D.remark 61.A.to B.with C.for D.at 62.A.open B.strange C.impolite

11、 D.direct 63.A.bring about B.bring up C.bring along D.bring to64.A.guess B.konw C.learn D.predict65.A.For B.With C.In D.On 66.A.free B.freedom C.to tell D.to be told 67.A.being told B.told C.to tell D.to be told 68.A.Though even B.Even C.Even that D.Even though 69.A.include B.intend C.mean D.conclud

12、e 70.A.about B.of C.with D.for 71.A.rather than B.or else C. so else D.still else 72.A.approach B.solve C.address D.take 73.A.background B.level C.knowledge D.experience 74.A.knowledge B.clues C.evidence D.suggestions 75.A.truth B.case C.reality D.fact(一)文章大意與結(jié)構(gòu)分心 這篇短文主要講的是關(guān)于中西方詢問年齡的差異。在西方，一般把詢問年齡認(rèn)為

13、是不禮貌的事情。第一段是一個(gè)總的概述。第二段講的是和孩子或者老人談?wù)撃挲g。第三段主要說的是在西方不會(huì)直接詢問年齡。而是通過其他的方式側(cè)面了解。（二）試題解析 56.【答案】 D。句意為：特別是對(duì)于婦女來說。Be true of 是固定搭配57【答案】D。even more so更是如此。從詞性搭配的角度來看，more做形容詞時(shí)，只能接名詞；做副詞時(shí)，只能接形容詞和副詞。不能接代詞。C選項(xiàng)是不符合的。58【答案】B。本題考查的詞語的意思。average平均(一般指數(shù)字)；normal一般，正常；expected盼望，期待；unusual與眾不同的。59【答案】A。本題考查的是動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。文章中指

14、的是被問到，所以用被動(dòng)，mind doing sth.為固定用法。60【答案】A。本題考查的是根據(jù)上下文判斷詞語的意思。reveal揭露，揭示；reflect反射，反映；release釋放，讓與；remark注釋?？赡苡行┤藭?huì)選擇release，但release往往用在泄漏機(jī)密等情況。61【答案】C?！跋鄬?duì)于他們的年齡，他們看起來”。for在這里的意思是“對(duì)于”。62【答案】D。雖然有些人不介意提到他們的年齡，但在對(duì)話一開始就問到對(duì)方的年齡也不是禮貌的。這根據(jù)上下文來判斷。63【答案】B。提起。如果他們想談年齡問題，他們會(huì)自己提及這個(gè)問題。bring about導(dǎo)致；bring along，b

15、ring to帶來；bring up培養(yǎng)，提出。64【答案】A。當(dāng)有些人想提到年齡這個(gè)問題的時(shí)候，他們會(huì)讓對(duì)方猜他們的年齡，一次來顯示他們的年輕。know 知道；learn學(xué)習(xí)；predict預(yù)言，在具體一定只是的基礎(chǔ)上作出的對(duì)未來的預(yù)期。可能有人會(huì)選擇D選項(xiàng)，但經(jīng)不起仔細(xì)推敲。65【答案】A。對(duì)于這樣的問題。我們分析一下這四個(gè)詞，in和on可以直接排除，不能搭配。for做借此是指“關(guān)于，對(duì)于”。with的主句主語一般是人。比如，With the question，I make great efforts.66【答案】C。這里指的是自由的談?wù)撍麄兊哪挲g。free形容詞，freedom名詞。在句

16、子中強(qiáng)調(diào)隨意的談?wù)摱皇菑?qiáng)調(diào)方式。67【答案】D。這里表示被動(dòng)，被告知自己的年齡。rather than后面要與前面的to be complimented 相并列。68【答案】D。這里用轉(zhuǎn)折。雖然他們不會(huì)直接問別人的年齡，但是這并不代表他們對(duì)年齡不感興趣。聯(lián)系上下文可知用轉(zhuǎn)折。A是錯(cuò)誤搭配，B是一個(gè)副詞，不能連接句子。even though固定搭配，“即使”。69【答案】C。include包括；intend 打算；mean意味著；conclude推斷。根據(jù)上下文這里表示意味著。70【答案】D。ask sb.for sth.是一個(gè)固定搭配，問某人要某物。ask about 打聽，詢問，查詢；as

17、k of要求，盼望，向問（問題）；C選型的搭配不存在。71【答案】B. 或者，他們會(huì)換另一種方式去問別人的年齡。or else否則。rather than不能接句子。后兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)的搭配不存在。72【答案】A。本題詞語的辨析能力。approach有“接近，去處理”的意思。這里指去提及別人的年齡，表示一種達(dá)到的方式。solve解決；address演說；take獲得。solve一般和problem搭配。73【答案】A。名詞解析，background背景；level水平；knowledge知識(shí)；experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)。這里應(yīng)當(dāng)是“教育背景”，故選A。74【答案】B。本題考查上下文的詞義判斷。從這些談話

18、中得到線索。knowledge只是；cluse線索；evidence證據(jù)；suggestion建議。75【答案】B。本題考查的是根據(jù)上下文判斷詞義。雖然這些方法一般情況下都能猜到對(duì)方的年齡，但是有時(shí)并不是如此。truth表示事實(shí)的真相；reality現(xiàn)實(shí)；fact事實(shí)；case有情況的意思，不單是事實(shí)。此處根據(jù)上下文判斷，應(yīng)該是情況。（三）長難句分析完形填空的句子都不是很長，但句子之間的銜接使用的連接詞會(huì)比較多，涉及的句子之間的關(guān)系也多種多樣。1.They normally expect to be complimented on their youthfulness,though rathe

19、r than to be told that they look very old!在這個(gè)句子中就使用了though這樣表示轉(zhuǎn)折的副詞。他們通常喜歡別人夸贊他們年輕，可不是說他們看起來很老。2.Even though Westerners do not usually ask people directly how old they are,this does not mean that they are not interested to know how old other people are.這個(gè)句子開頭就是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)折句的even though。盡管西方人不直接問年齡，但這并不意味著

20、他們對(duì)別人的年齡不感興趣。（四）核心詞匯1.be regarded as 短語，被當(dāng)成 2.nevertheless然而，不過，表轉(zhuǎn)折pliment稱贊，恭維 4.youthfulness年輕（名詞），形容詞為youthful年輕的5.discussion討論，動(dòng)詞是discuss（五）全文翻譯在中國問年齡是一件平常的事情，但在西方國家這個(gè)問題卻被認(rèn)為是不禮貌的。這在婦女當(dāng)中尤其如此，尤其詢問的人是一位男士。 但是，問小孩的年齡是很平常，有些成年人也不介意。實(shí)際上，有些老人還特別喜歡別人問其年齡，尤其是那些自我感覺看起來年輕的老人。然而，直接問別人“你多大”這樣的問題是不禮貌的。如果老人想談?wù)?/p>

21、年齡，并希望得到稱贊，他們自己就會(huì)主動(dòng)談這個(gè)話題，而且還讓別人猜他們的年齡。對(duì)于這樣的問題，自由的談?wù)撃贻p是可以接受的。他們通常希望被夸贊年輕，而不是說他們看起老。盡管西方人不直接問別人年齡，但這并不代表他們對(duì)年齡不感興趣。他們會(huì)通過其他方式去了解，或者間接的詢問。有時(shí)談?wù)摻逃尘盎蚬ぷ鹘?jīng)驗(yàn)也能提供一些線索，但是有時(shí)也不一定能知道實(shí)情。第三節(jié) 完形填空范文1Not long ago， I had my first on-line chat. I thought it would be 1 because I have heard so many people 2 in that way. Bu

22、t it was， disappointingly， quite an unpleasant 3 .On line I met a man 4 said he was a manager in a big company in Shanghai. We 5 pleasantly first， then exchanged e-mail 6 in order to keep in touch in the future. 7 ， he sent me 8 . When I opened it， I found， to my 9 ，a detailed（詳細(xì)的）self-introduction

23、including age， 10 ， weight， habits and future plans. It was an advertisement for a dating (約會(huì)) service! I was hurt 11 felt ather angry.When I told a veteran (有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的) Internet surfer（網(wǎng)民） 12 my experience， he said it was not 13 . I was 14 . The Web provides such a nice， large place to make friends， why

24、do some people 15 it?The relationship between one another should be mutual(互助的) politeness and 16 . On-line we 17 see one anothers physical form， but we are talking through our 18 . Such 19 as the one I met are not polite at all.Since the Web belongs to everyone， every user has a duty to keep a frie

25、ndly and polite atmosphere(氛圍). We need 20 honesty and respect on-line.1. A. exciting B. disappointing C. surprising D. frightening2. A. say B. describe C. mention D.write3. A. business B. matter C. experiment D. experience4. A. whose B.who C. whos D. which5. A. spoke B.typed C. introduced D. chatte

26、d6. A. addresses B. names C.experiences D. photos7. A.Slowiy B. Immediately C. Carefully D. Meanwhile8. A. card B.a photo C. an e-mail D. an envelop9. A.joy B. delight C. surprise D. disappointment10. A. height B. record C. measure D. treasure11. A. but B. and C.because D. though12. A. at B. off C.

27、in D. of13. A.common B. uncommon C.interesting D. uninteresting14. A. excited B. defeated C. shocked D.envied15. A. destroy B. disturb C. mistake D. minuse16. A.respect B. happiness C. friendship D. praise17. A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. may not18. A. mouths B.hands C. heart D. memory19. A.trick

28、s B. examples C. events D.problems20. A. less B.more C. least D. most 2Down-to-earth means someone or something that is honest， realistic and easy to deal with.It is a to 1 someone who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk to and 2 other people as equals. A down-to-earth pe

29、rson is just the 3 of someone who acts important or proud.Down-to-earth persons may be important members of 4 ，of course. But they do not let their importance “ 5 to their heads.” They do not consider themselves to be better persons than 6 of less importance. Someone who is filled with his importanc

30、e and pride， 7 without cause， is said to have “his nose in the air.” There is 8 way a person with his nose in the air can be down-to-earth.Americans 9 another expression that means almost the same as “down-to-earth.” The expression is both-feet-on the-ground. Someone 10 both-feet-on the-ground is a

31、person with a good 11 of reality. He may have dreams， 12 he does not allow them to block his knowledge of 13 is real.The opposite kind 14 is one who has his “head-in-the-clouds.” A man with his head-in-the-clouds is a 15 whose mind is not in the real world. 16 such a person can be brought back to ea

32、rth. Sharp words from a teacher can usually 17 a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. Usually，the person who is down-to-earth is very 18 to have both feet on the ground. 19 we have both our feet on-the-ground， when we are down-to-earth， we act honestly and openly _20 others. Our lives are like the gr

33、ound below us， solid and strong.1. A. pick B. choose C. find D. receive2. A. accepts B. recognises C. thinks D. act3. A. same B. kind C. example D. opposit4. A. companies B. soxiety C. the world D. the government5. A.come B. appear C. enter D.go6. A. some B. others C. ones D. fellows7. A. often B. r

34、arely C. yet D. still8. A. some B. a C.no D. every9. A.discover B. find C.conclude D. use10. A. at B.of C. with D. from11. A. idea B. understanding C. opinion D. feeling12. A.for B.or C. but D. and13. A.that B.what C. such D. which14. A. idea B. creature C. attitude D. person15. A. dreamer B. strang

35、er C. flyer D.settler16. A. However B. Therefore C. Moreover D.Sometimes17. A. teach B.bring C.lead D. take18. A. fit B. sure C. likely D. able19. A. When B. Since C. Though D. unless20. A. towards B.with C. over D. onto3For the past two years， I have been working on students evaluation of classroom

36、 teaching. I have kept a record of informal conversation 1 some 300 students from 2 twenty-one colleges and universities. The students were generally 3 and direct in their comments 4 how course work cound be better 5 . Most of their remarks were kindly 6 with tolerance rather than bitterness -and fr

37、equently were softened by the 7 that the students were speaking 8 some， not all， instructors. Nevertheless， 9 the following suggestions and comments indicate， students feel 10 with things-as-they-are in the classroom. Professors should be 11 from reading lecture notes. “It makes their 12 monotonous(

38、單調(diào)的).” If they are going to read， why not 13 out copies of the lecture? Then we 14 need to go to class. Professors should 15 repeating in lectures material that is in the text-book. “ 16 weve read the material， we want to 17 it or hear it elaborated on， 18 repeated.” “A lot of students hate to buy a

39、 19 text that the professor has written 20 to have his lectures repeat it.”1. A. involving B. counting C. covering D. figuring2. A. best B. least C.length D. large3. A.reserved B. hard-working C.polite D. frank4. A. over B. at C. on D. of5. A.presented B. submitted C.described D. written6. A. receiv

40、ed B. addressed C. made D. taken7. A. occasion B.truth C. case D.fact8. A. on B. about C. at D.with9. A. though B. whether C. as D. if10. A. dissatisfied B. unsatisfactory C. satisfied D. atisfactory11. A.interfered B. interrupted C.discouraged D. disturbed12. A.voices B. sounds C. pronunciation D.

41、gestures13. A. hold B. leave C.drop D.give14. A.couldnt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. shouldnt15. A. refuse B. prohibit C. prevent D.avoid16. A.Once B. Until C. However D. Unless17. A. remember B. argue C.discuss D. keep18. A. yet B. not C. and D. or19. A. desired B. revised C. required D. deserved20. A.a

42、bout B. how C. but D. only 4Birth， marriage and death: these are the greatest events in human life. Many things， good or bad， may 1 to us in our lives. Yet there three days 2 are usually marked by some 3 of special ceremony: the day we 4 ; the day we get married and the day we die. These are the thr

43、ee main events in 5 . We 6 have a choice in the 7 of these; we can choose 8 or not to marry. But we have no choice in birth or death. All human 9 ， from the most primitive to the most advanced， are 10 by these three events. The only thing that 11 in each society is the 12 these events are celebrated

44、. Yet all societies share common characteristics. Birth is a time of joy. The proud 13 receive congratulations and presents on behalf of 14 . Marriage is 15 a time of joy. The young 16 go through a special wedding ceremony and receive presents to help them to set up their home. Death is a time of 17

45、 and is 18 by a special ceremony called funeral. 19 three events are usually 20 .1. A. be B.be taken place C. change D.happen2. A. in which B. they C. when D.in which 3. A.days B. things C.kind D. people4. A. are birth B. are born C. birth D. born5. A.human B. life C. society D. world6. A.ever B. on

46、ly C.still D. yet7. A. first B. second C.third D. whole8. A. either B.if C. neither D.whether9. A.beings B.events C.life D. lives10. A.affected B.depended C. effected D. effective11. A.differs B. equals C.happens D. take places12. A.behavior B. idea C. road D. way13. A. children B. parent C. parents

47、 D. people14. A.neighbors B. themselves C. the new-born D. the others15. A. also B. either C.not D. too16.A. couple B. ladies C. men D. women17. A. difficulty B. happiness C.joy D. sorrow18. A. hold B. known C. marked D. shared19. A. The all dates of B. The dates of all C.The dates of each D. Whole the dates of20. A. forgotten B. given up C.received D. remembered5People used to say， “The hand that rocks the cradle(搖籃) rules the world.: And 1 every successful man theres a woman.”_2 these sayings mean the same thing. Men 3 the world， but their wives rul