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1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上Unit16 On the London Eye在倫敦眼上句型與結構詞There are two cars in/on/under .Are there any women in front of / near / beside .?There aren't any children in the park.There are some children in the classroom.How many boats are there in .?I can't see any children in . but I can see some in .
2、There are two men in the street. They are policemen.課文注釋:題目:On the London Eye乘坐幾乎所有的交通工具我們都on來表示。圖1:Isnt this fun? Isnt.? 需要用“Yes”來回答的疑問句;fun抽象的不可數名詞前面不加冠詞。圖2:the River Thames 河流名稱前面要加the;the River Thames 表示名稱的首字母要大寫泰晤士河是流經倫敦及倫敦河口匯入大海的一條河流。它會有潮汐現象,即使在倫敦市的西邊(內陸)也如此;只有在漲潮的時候,船只才能進出倫敦塔橋上游的倫敦池(Pool of L
3、ondon)。圖3:Tower Bridge 在地標性建筑的紀念物的名稱前不加冠詞。 Its open 塔橋(Tower Bridge)的橋身可以分開并抬起,大型般只可以由此駛向上游的倫敦池。 Pass me 與give me和show me作比較一雙賓語動詞,其間接賓語是me,直接賓語是the binoculars。固定短語。the binoculars 只有復數形式,后接復數動詞。圖4:Can you see any ships there? 我們用a ship來表示非具體所指的單數名詞。問句中的復數用any ships來表示。Any指不確定的數量。I can see one one,代詞
4、,指代“one ship”。 Westminster Bridge 在地標性建筑和紀念物的名稱前不加冠詞。 Some people/cars/buses some用于肯定句中,表示不確定數量的復數名詞。 圖6:Big Ben 著名的塔鐘,與議會大廈毗鄰。它的鐘聲通過英國廣播電臺BBC傳遍世界,因此成為倫敦的象征。其它:否定疑問句1、定義:疑問句的否定結構稱為否定疑問句。2、構成:完全式 助動詞+主語+not+? 簡略式 助動詞的否定縮略式+主語+? 例如:(1)一般疑問句:Are you my uncle, Tom? 你是我叔叔湯姆嗎? 否定疑問句:Are you not my uncle,
5、Tom? Arent you my uncle, Tom? 難道你不是我叔叔湯姆嗎? (2)一般疑問句:Is this great? 很棒嗎? 否定疑問句:Is this not great? Isnt this great? 這難道不棒嗎?3、回答方式:回答否定疑問句時,如果是肯定的回答要用yes,加肯定句;否定的回答要用no,加否定句。例如:(1)Isnt this interesting? 這難道沒有趣嗎 Yes, it is. 不,有趣。 No, it isnt. 對,沒有趣。(2)Arent you happy? 你難道不高興嗎?Yes, I am. 不,我高興。No, Im not
6、. 是的,我不高興。 【注】這類否定疑問句一般表示希望得到肯定答復。不定代詞some, any1、定義:不指明代替任何特定名詞或形容詞的代詞叫做不定代詞。不定代詞表示各種程度和各種類型的不定意義。2、用法:some, any作為不定代詞,意思是“一些” 、“幾個”的時候,用于表示不定數或不定量,可以修飾復數名詞。一般說來,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑問句。 例如:(1)肯定句:There are some apples on the table. 桌子上有一些蘋果。 否定句:There are not any apples on the table. 桌子上沒有蘋果。 疑問句:Ar
7、e there any apples on the table? 桌子上有蘋果嗎?句型講解陳述句Daisy/Icantbelieve this.We/Theyare/re(all)together on the London Eye.Ican seeTower BridgeTherearesome people on the bridge.一般疑問句Isntthisfun/great/grey?Canyou/shebelieve it?/see Tower Bridge?Arethereany people on the bridge?特殊疑問句Whereare Daisy and Jack?
8、What is grey and silver?What colouris the river?whatcan they see?What timeis it?How many shipsare there?總結答案:Daisy, Jack and Claire are all together on the London Eye. The River Thames is grey and silver. Tower Bridge is open. Claire can see one ship, and some boats. There are some people on Westmin
9、ster Bridge, and there are some cars and buses on the bridge. It is twelve oclock.聽力:Lucy: Flora and her Dad are here today, but I cant see them.Paul: What about those people with the dogs?Lucy: Hmm.I cant see them very well. No, those dogs arent Floras. Floras dogs are both very big. Thosr dogs are
10、 small.Paul: show me. Pass me the binoculars, please.Lucy: Just a minuteNo, I cant see them. . OK. Here you are.Paul: Whos that man with the camera? No, that isnt Floras father. Are you sure they are here today?Lucy: Oh, look, Paul! I can see them! There they are. Can you see that girl on the horse?
11、 Thats Flora. Lets go and meet them.答案:Flora is the girl on the horse. Floras father is the man beside her.填詞游戲:橫欄:1 church 3 River 4 ready 5 people 豎欄:1 camera 2 BridgeUnit17 Smile, please!笑一笑!句型與結構詞Can you do Maths? Yes, I can. / No, I can't.Can you drive a car?Yes, I can. It's easy. / No,
12、 I can't. It's difficult.Can you play tennis? Yes, I can. I'm good at it. / No, I can't. I'm useless at it.課文注釋:題目:Smile, please 這是攝影師對攝影對象發(fā)出的典型指令。圖15:smile/watch/look/come/take 這些詞都是祈使動詞。在can/cant后面它們也是原形。圖15:can后面接不帶to的不定式(與祈使動詞形式相同)can balance,can do,can take等。在疑問句中,can放在主語前面:
13、Can you balance? (與Are you?/Is he? 等用法相同),主語后面接不帶to的不定式。否定式cant的構成方式與isnt/arent類似。(我們教給學生cant而不是cannot,cant更常用,而cannot不常用,在某些情況下cannot似乎過于強調否定了?,F在不要把它介紹給學生。) 圖1:can balance on this ball can在這指能力。 do it/that do是及物動詞:它后面總是跟一個賓語,如:it/this/that。 I can try can在這里指“可能性”=“it is possible for me to try”(我有可能
14、試一試)圖2:as well 與too可以互換使用,放在動詞短語的后面。 圖3:on my knees 即“kneeling”(跪著)。我們在所有描述身體部位的短語中都用on: on my/ones head/back/front/hands/feet等等。 Its fun fun是名詞補語,its fun的意思是It is enjoyable(有趣的)。圖4:good at/useless at + 名詞 兩個形容詞都與at搭配。圖4和圖5:gymnastica,Maths(Mathematics的縮寫)有一類名詞以-ics結尾,形式上是復數,但是它們表示某個研究或實踐的學科名稱的時候,后面
15、總是跟單數動詞:Maths is fun.(美式英語中把縮寫成Math,而不是Maths。)圖5:Never mind! 感嘆句=“Theres no need for you to be upset!”(沒關系,別沮喪?。?Maths,Music 當它們指學術性研究學科時,要把首字母大寫。 you can take a photo can在這里指“it is possible for you to take a photo” (你可以拍一張照片)。Take a photo的意思是“operate a camera”(操作一架相機),而不是“be in a picture”(在照片中)【中國人
16、經常把take和have相混淆。Take: Can I take a photo for you?(我給你拍張照片)Have: Can I have a photo of you and me together = Can I have a photo of me with you?(我的朋友會給我們拍照。)】 其它:can 情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞的特點是它有一定的詞義,和另一動詞構成謂語,在各種人稱后都用同樣的形式。1、can表示能力,意為“會、能” ,可用于各種人稱。I can balance on this ball. 我能在這個球上保持平衡。此處can表示主語所具有的能力。can后面加動詞原
17、形,否定式為cant,表示主語不具備某種能力。例如:I cant swim. 我不會游泳。2、can表示可能性。I can try. 我可以試試。 此處can不指能力,而是“可以”的意思。3、變一般疑問句直接把can放在主語前面,句尾用問號??隙ɑ卮鹩胏an,否定回答用cant。be good at/ be useless at1、be good at表示“擅長.” ,其中at是介詞,后面接名詞或動名詞。He is good at Maths. 他擅長數學。He is good at running. 他擅長跑步。2、be useless at表示“在差勁” ,是be good at的反義詞,
18、at是介詞,后面接名詞或動名詞。She is useless at English. 她在英語上差勁。She is useless at jumping. 她在跳高上差勁。look,look at,see,watch都有“看”的意思,但是“看”法不同: look指集中注意力地看,是有意的,強調“看”的動作,做動詞,看靜態(tài)東西,通常是沒有看的目標,是不及物動詞,后面不能直接接賓主,做語氣詞,引起某人的注意,單獨用的時候表示提醒對方注意單。例如: Look! Tom is over there.看!湯姆在那兒。 Look at是一個常用詞組,“看,注視某人或某物” ,表示看的動作和目的,但不一定能
19、看得見或看得清楚,通常接賓語,其賓語可以是指人的詞語,也可以是指物的詞語。Look at the blackboard, please.請看黑板。 see強調“看”的結果,意為“看見、看到”。表示視覺器官有意識或無意識地看到物體,強調看見或沒看見什么內容,表示看到的結果,常用作及物動詞(一般不用進行時態(tài)),后面直接跟賓主。例如: How many birds can you see in the tree? 你能看到樹上有多少只鳥兒? watch強調“專注地看,觀看,注視”,指比較大的注意力觀看,有欣賞的意味,常用于看電視、看球賽等。常用作及物動詞,有“注視動靜”之意,可以直接加賓主,指明是看
20、什么,但不見得看到了什么,多掌握固定搭配。例如: watch TV,watch a film,watch the football matchalso, too, either, as well的區(qū)別1、too 和 as well 多用于口語中,語氣較輕,通常用于肯定句或疑問句,一般不用于否定句,且通常放在句末。如:I like you too as well. 我也喜歡你。too 有時也緊跟在主語后(注:as well 不這樣用),此用法較正式。如:在 Me too, You too 這類簡略答語中,通常不用 as well, also。如:A:Im tired. 我累了。B:Me too.
21、 我也是。2、also 比 too 和 as well 正式,一般也不用于否定句,它在句中的位置通常是緊靠動詞,即放在行為動詞之前,特殊動詞之后。有時為了強調也放在句末(但不常見)。如:He also came. / He came also. 他也來了。She is young and beautiful,and also rich. 她年輕漂亮,而且有錢。also 有時用于句首(其后通常有逗號),相當于連詞and。如:Also,his mother was dead. 再說,他母親又過世了。3、either(也)通常只用于否定句,且要放在句末。如:I dont know, either.
22、我也不知道。He hasnt finished it,either. 他也還沒有做完。注:有時在肯定句之后跟一個否定句,可能用 too,also。如:He came, but she didnt also came. 他來了,但她沒有也一起來。He went to Washington, but not to New York too.他去了華盛頓,但并不是也去了紐約。take的用法take a photo of sb 是給某人照相,而且就是給他本人照相。take a photo for sb 是為某人照相,相片上不一定有他本人。take a photo拍照片。句型講解陳述句Ican/cant
23、balanceon this ball.I/Youcandoit/this/that/MathsIam/mon my knees.You/Theyare(both)/aregood at gymnastics.一般疑問句Canyoudoit/this/that/MathsCanyoubalanceon this ball?/like this?IsVikkigood at Maths?Arethe girlsuseless at Maths?特殊疑問句Whereare Vikki and Flora?Whatcan Lucy and Flora do?Whois good at gymnast
24、ics?總結答案:Flora can balance on a ball. Lucy can balance on a ball, too. Vikki cant balance on a big ball like Flora and Lucy. They are both good at gymnastics. Vikki isnt good at it. She is useless. Vikki can do Maths and Music. Lucy is useless at Maths. Vikki can take a photo of Flora and Lucy on he
25、r mobile.聽力:Q: Real question R: Request1 Can you balance like this?(Q)2 Can you open the door for me, please?(R)3 Can you give me the binoculars, please?(R)4 Can you open the door for me?(R)5 Can you believe that?(Q)6 Can you wait here, please?(R)7 Can you bring me that box?(R)8 Can you see Martin a
26、nd Flora?(Q)9 Can you tell me your name, please?(R)10 Can you pass me the torch?(R)11 Can you describe the burglar?(Q)12 Can you play football?(Q)13 Can you find his number?(R or Q)14 Can you drive a car?(Q)Unit18 Men can cook, too! 男人也能做飯句型與結構詞What's in the packet? Is it tea? No, it isn't (
27、tea). It's coffee.I can't see any tea. I can. There's some in the packet.Pass / Give me some milk, please.I can't see a cup in the cupboard. No, there isn't one.I can't see any tea in the cupboard. No, there isn't any.課文注釋:題目:Men can cook men 復數可數名詞前不加冠詞,指“men in general”
28、(泛指男人);can cook cook可以作不及物動詞,如此處的用法;也可以作及物動詞,如:cook a meal。圖15:和“對話練習”的教學要點:本課介紹some和any的用法,i)指不確定數量的不可數名詞(some / any rice, some / any water);ii)指復數可數名詞(some / any onions, some / any knives, some / any forks, some / any spoons)。圖1:Lets / Let us+不帶to的不定式 Lets用于提出建議,包括說話人在內。這句話是一個“第一人稱復數祈使句”。 cook din
29、ner 提到膳食時通常不加冠詞(breakfast, lunch, dinner, tea等等),因為我們提到的是“一般意義”的膳食或場合【表示具體的餐飲時,可以在前面加a / an或the,如A good dinner=a good one of its class.(一頓好晚餐)The dinner is late=This one in particular.(具體指代那頓晚餐)】 some rice / some water=“an indefinite quantity of rice / water”(不確定數量的大米/水)。rice和water通常都是不可數名詞。也就是說,它們是
30、單數形式,后面接單數動詞。不可數名詞指的是“an amount”,“a quantity”(數量),從它們的基本意思來說,沒有復數形式。 Some some用于肯定陳述句中。否定陳述句和疑問句中用any。圖2:Pass me a knife pass是帶雙賓語的動詞:也就是說,pass后面的第一個名詞或代詞是動作的“接受者”,第二個名詞或代詞是動作再次出現時用one來代替。在這種用法中,one前面總要加個限定詞:the, a , this, that, which,表示具體是哪一個。圖3:chop 及物動詞,后面要跟名詞或代詞作賓語。圖4:a spoon 單數可數名詞(a spoon, an
31、onion)。 get 及物動詞,后面要跟名詞或代詞作賓語,意思是“obtain”(獲得)圖5:knives knife的不規(guī)則變化的復數形式。 plates,forks,onions,hands 規(guī)則變化的復數形式;詞尾-s在/t/(plates)和/k/(forks )后讀作清音/s/。在/n/(onions,spoons)和/nd/(hands)后面讀作濁音/z/。圖6:you see 對某事物進行解釋時使用的固定短語。Oh, yeah! 表示假裝同意,即懷疑。其它:Some與any的區(qū)別:1. some和any 既可以修飾可數名詞又可以修飾不可數名詞,some常用在肯定句中,
32、而any則常用在否定和疑問句中。因此 some和any 的用法主要是考慮用在肯定句、疑問句還是否定句中,與名詞的可數與否無關。 2. some意為“一些”,可作形容詞和代詞。它常修飾可數名詞復數。如:some books一些書,some boys一些男孩,也可修飾不可數名詞,如:some water一些水,some tea一些茶葉,some常用在肯定句中。any意為“任何一些”,它也可修飾可數名詞復數或不可數名詞,常用于疑問句和否定句。3. 但在表示建議,反問,請求的疑問句中,或期望得到肯定回答時,多用some而不用any。如: Would you like some coffee? 你要不要
33、來點咖啡? What about some fruit juice? 來點水果汁如何? 4. 當any表示“任何”的意義,起強調作用時,它可以用在肯定句中; Any student can answer this question.任何學生都可以回答這個問題。 must的用法 :1)表示主觀的義務和必要, 主要用于肯定句和疑問句, 意思為 “必須,得,要”;由must引起的疑問句,肯定回答要用must或have to, 否定回答要用neednt或dont have to, 意思是“不必”;must的否定形
34、式mustnt表示禁止,意思是“不能,不許”。如: I must finish my homework. 我必須完成我的作業(yè)Must I finish the homework right now? 我現在必須完成這個作業(yè)嗎? Yes, you must. / Yes, you have to. 是的。 (No, you neednt. / No, you
35、160;dont have to. 不,不必。) 2)表示肯定的猜測,常用于肯定句中,意思為 “一定是, 必然”。 注意must表示推斷或猜測的幾種情況: Your sister must be a doctor in this hospital. (現在的猜測) 你姐姐一定是這家醫(yī)院的醫(yī)生。 He must be reading newspapers
36、60;in the reading room now. (正在進行的猜測) 他此刻一定正在閱覽室讀報。 have to / have got to 的用法 1)must表示一種主觀的需要,而have to 表示一種客觀的需要,意思是“不得不”。 如: I have to attend an important meeting this
37、160;afternoon. 今天下午我不得不參加一個重要的會議。 2)have to 的否定形式是dont have to, 相當于neednt。如: They dont have to buy a computer at present. 他們目前沒有必要買電腦。 3)have to 與have got to ??梢曰Q。 聽力:Lucy:
38、Look at this photo, Dad. Its me in the gym at school.William: Oh, very nice, Lucy! Its a lovely photo of you. Is this your friend, Vikki?Lucy: No, thats not Vikki. Its Flora. Floras captain of gymnastics. Shes very good at sports.William: Yes, I can see that. What about Vikki, then?Lucy: Oh, Vikki c
39、ant do these things. That is, she cant do sports. She cant see very well, so shes useless at gymnastics.William: Poor Vikki!Lucy: Not really, Dad. You see, Floras pretty, and shes good at sports, but she isnt clever like Vikki. Vikkis really clever. Shes brilliant at Maths and Science, just brillian
40、t!William: Really?Lucy: Yes, believe me, Dad. And shes good fun, too.William: Is there a photo of Vikki here?Lucy: Im sorry, Dad. There isnt. Vikkis behind the camera, not in front of it.William: Ah, yes, of course! Shes a clever girl!聽力答案:1 Flora 2 Vikki 3 Vikki 4 Flora; Vikki 5 Flora 6 Vikki寫問題:1
41、Are there any spoons in this drawer?2 Can you take a photo of us?3 Whose orange juice is this?4 Whats the name of the new English restaurant?5 How many knives are there in the drawer?6 What time is it?7 What colour is the sea here?8 Are you good at sports?9 Where is the tea? 10 Where are the cups?Un
42、it19 You must eat! 你必須吃!句型與結構詞There's a lot of / lots of fish . There are a lot of / lots of peaches .Is there any fish .? Yes, there is, but there isn't any meat.Are there any peaches .? Yes, there are, but there aren't any grapes.Buy some bread / peaches, please. Why? There are a lot .
43、Don't buy any bread / peaches. Why not? There aren't any .You must eat.課文注釋:題目:You must eat must表示不可回避的責任。圖15和“對話練習”的教學要點:must后面接不帶to的不定式(與祈使句中的動詞形式相同)must eat。在疑問句中,must必須放在主語的前面:Must Nina eat something?(與Are you?/Is he? 以及Can I? Can you? 等用法相同)must是助動詞,主要動詞要放在主語后面。否定式mustnt與isnt / arent的構成
44、形式相同。(否定式mustnt比must not更常用。must not表示非常強烈的禁止,所以通常不太合適。圖1:I am, too 不是Im too。如果沒有名詞、代詞或形容詞作補語,就不能用縮略式。圖2:We can finish now finish可以作及物動詞,后面可以跟賓語(如:finish our work),或者也可以作不及物動詞,如此處的用法。 Theres some food some food是不可數的(表示數量),所以后面的動詞和單數。 圖3:I can look, but I cant eat can+動詞不定式。 Why not? 這種簡短形式代替的是Why ca
45、n you not eat?。can you和eat是通過上下文的回指來理解的,不必再說一次。 Food is the problem food(不可數) 表示泛指;is 與不可數名詞連用的單數動詞;the problem 使用定冠詞=“the particular problem in this context”(此處上下文中的這個特定問題)。圖4:lots of 限定詞,后跟復數可數名詞(如:good things, peaches)和不可數名詞(如:food, luck)。圖5:a peach 某類東西中的一個,不管是哪一個。復數是peaches 以-ch結尾的名詞變復數時要在后面加-e
46、s,讀作/pi:tiz/。help yourself yourself,第二人稱反身代詞。其它:why是疑問副詞,表示“為什么”,why not表示“為什么不”一、why not的口語用法1、表示同意或贊成,意為:好的,可以啊,為什么不可以呢A: May I go with you? 我可以和你一起去嗎?B: Why not? 可以呀。2、表示勸誘、建議或命令,意為:怎么樣,為什么不呢。Why not go there at once? 為什么不馬上去呢?3、用來詢問愿意(有時表示一種不可理解的心情)意為:為什么不呢?A: Dont touch it. 別碰它。B: Why not? 為什么不
47、能?4、表示堅持自己的觀點,態(tài)度或做法,意為:為什么不呢A: Are you really going to tell them? 你真的要告訴他們嗎?B: Yes, why not? 為什么不呢?二、why not后動詞用什么形式以及結構形式why not后習慣上只接動詞原形,不能接帶to不定式或現在分詞,不能接句子,也不能用“why dont+動詞原形”這樣不倫不類的句子。Youre looking tired. Why not take a holiday?注:在一定語境中,有時why not后可省略動詞原形A: Lets meet at the station. 我們在車站見面吧。B:
48、 Why not at the hotel? 在飯店不行嗎?(句中why not可視為省略了動詞wait)lots of,some,與any的用法比較1、lots of表示“許多,大量”,修飾可數名詞復數和不可數名詞。既可以用于肯定句,也可以用于否定句和疑問句。lots of=a lot of2、不定代詞some,any的用法some,any均可以用來修飾可數名詞和不可數名詞,在這一點上和lots of是相同的。但是some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句和疑問句,而lots of可以用于這三種句型。含有第二人稱主語的祈使句祈使句表示請求、命令、建議等。句子中通常不用主語,謂語動詞一律用原
49、形。句末用感嘆或者句號,用降調。例如:Be careful! 小心! Dont make such a noise. 不要這么吵??隙ǖ钠硎咕洌簞釉~原形+(省略主語)Stand up. 起立。 Be quite, please. 請安靜。有時為了加強語氣,可以在動詞之前加do。用客氣的語氣表示祈使句時,可在句首或句尾加上please,但如果在句尾加please,那在please之前一定要加一個逗號。祈使句中如果有喚語,一定要用逗號“,”隔開,放在句首或句尾。例如:Li Ming, come here.否定的祈使句:Dont+動詞原形+Dont swim in the river. 別在河里游泳
50、。 Please dont be noisy. 請不要在聲喧嘩??偨Y:答案It is four oclock. Daisy and Nina are both hungry. There is some food on the table over there. Nina can look, but she cant eat. Food is the problem. There is some fish and some salad. There are some hot dishes, too. Nina mustnt eat. She cant eat and be beautiful.
51、 Perhaps she can eat a peach or lots of peaches.聽力:Whos this in the picture? Oh, yes, its Nina. Can you remember Nina? Shes that beautiful girl in Daisys photographs. Look at her. Shes tall and thin, with long hair. Shes lovely, isnt she? Her hands are long and elegant. And just look at that blouse
52、and skirt! What an expensive outfit!And what an expensive kitchen! Let me see. Yes, theres a new washing-machine in the kitchen. Very nice! And theres a fine cooker, and a fridge. Lucky Nina! What a lovely kitchen!Whats in the cupboard? I can see two bottles of water. There are some jars, too, sugar
53、 coffee riceHmm There is some coffee in the coffee jar. But the sugar jar and the rice jar are both empty! There are some plates in the cupboard, and theres a plate on the table and a bowl as well. But theyre empty! I cant believe this!Its a beautiful kitchen, but there isnt any food in it! The frid
54、ge is empty! So whats the matter with Nina? She isnt happy, is she? Poor Nina! Shes very sad. Tell me about Nina. Is she ill? Poor Nina! Shes just hungry.答案:1 a)beautiful 2 b)tall 3 c)expensive 4 b)lovely 5 d)empty 6 c)food 7 a)sad 8 c)hungryUnit20 What a surprise! 好一個意外!句型與結構詞l What time is it?l It
55、's a quarter past two / half past two / a quarter to three.l What time's / When's your English lesson?l At one o'clock. / At a quarter past two. / At half past two. / At a quarter to six.l I / We must hurry.l Come on! Hurry up!課文注釋:題目:What a surprise! What a +名詞 慣用感嘆句,表示吃驚。 圖1:Nice t
56、o speak to you 在電話里問候某人的慣用語。 How are you? How is Ken? 朋友和熟人之間開始談話前的慣用語,表示禮貌的詢問。圖2:圖3和圖4:at與具體的時刻連用:at a quarter to,at a quarter past,at half past。圖3:cant find cant(cannot的縮略式)=“negative possibility”(否定的可能性)=it is not possible for me to find(我不可能找到);find 及物動詞,后面要跟名詞或代詞作賓語。圖4:I must go must表示“necessity”(必須)。與can/cant的用法一樣,must后面要跟不帶to的不定式(與祈使語氣動詞的形式相同)。 Can I call you? Can暗含的意思是“possibility”(可能性),引申為“social possibility”(交際方面的可能性)=“permission”(允許)。Can I? 是請求做某事時的慣用語。(有人認為,有時用may和might比用can更“準確”,其實不然
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