初一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)材料復(fù)習(xí)超詳細(xì)

1、實(shí)用文檔課時(shí)一教學(xué)任務(wù)一、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法1.動(dòng)詞 be (am,is,are )的用法：be動(dòng)詞包括 “ami' ,“is” ,“are” 三種形式。第一人稱單數(shù)(I)配合am來(lái)用。句型解析析：I am+例旬：I am Snoopy.I am ten years old.I am a student.I am a boy.第二人稱(You)配合are使用。句型解析：You are+例句： You are my good friend.You are a good teacher.You are beautiful第三人稱單數(shù)(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析：She(H

2、e, It) is + 例句:She is a good girl.She is so tall.She is short.人稱復(fù)數(shù)(we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析：We(You, They) are + 例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students.用法口訣：我(I)用am, (you)用are , is跟著他(he),她(she),它(it)。單數(shù)名詞用is ,復(fù) 數(shù)名詞全用are。變否定，更容易，be后not加上去。變疑問(wèn)，往前提，句末問(wèn)號(hào)莫丟棄。 還有一條須注意，句首大寫(xiě)

3、莫忘記。對(duì)應(yīng)練習(xí)：一.用括號(hào)中適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。1. I(am, are, is) from Australia.2. She(am, are, is) a student.3. Jane and Tom(am, is, are) my friends.4. My parents(am, is, are) very busy every day.5. (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?6. (Be, Are, Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news?7. There(b

4、e) some glasses on it.8. If he(be) free tomorrow, he will go with us.一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I a boy.you a boy? No, I not.2. The girl Jack's sister.3. The dog tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes a teacher.5. your brother in the classroom?6. Where your mother? She at home.7. How your father?8. Mike an

5、d Liu Tao at school.9. Whose dress this?10. Whose socks they?11. That my red skirt.12. Who I?13. The jeans on the desk.14. Here a scarf for you.15. Here some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk for me.19. Some tea in the gl

6、ass.20. Gao shan's shirt over there.第二課時(shí)（1）英語(yǔ)人稱代詞和物主代詞一、人稱代詞表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我們”、“你們”、“他們”的 詞，叫做人稱代詞。人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化，見(jiàn)下表：人稱單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱Imeweus第二人稱youyouyouyou第三人稱hehimtheythemsheheritit人稱代詞主格：作主語(yǔ)，表示誰(shuí)怎么樣了、干什么了I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too. We/You/They are students

7、.人稱代詞賓格作賓語(yǔ)，表示動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象。Give it to me. Let ' s go (let ' s =let us)、物主代詞表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫做物主代詞，也可叫做代詞所有格。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞 二種，其人稱和數(shù)的變化見(jiàn)下表。數(shù)類(lèi)別單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱形容詞性物主 代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs漢語(yǔ)我的你的他的她的它的我們的他 你們的.(她、它) 們的形容詞性物主代詞(my/your/his/he

8、r力ts/our/their)+名詞而名詞性物主代詞則相當(dāng)于形容詞性物主代詞+名詞，故其后不必加名詞。如:Is this your book?No, it isn ' t , it ' s hers(her book)This pen is mine.代詞練習(xí)(一)、選出括號(hào)中正確的詞，在正確的詞上打勾C1. This is (my / I ) mother. 2. Nice to meet(your / you )3.(He / His ) name is Mark. 4. What ' s (she / her ) name?5. Excuse (me / my /

9、 I ) .6. Are (your / you ) Miss Li?7.(I/ My ) am Ben. 8.(She / Her ) is my sister.9. Fine , thank (your / you ) . 10. How old is (he / his )二、用所給代詞的正確形式填空。1. These are( he ) brothers.2. That is( she ) sister.3. Lily is( Lucy ) sister.4. Tom, this is( me ) cousin, Mary.5. Now(her parent) are in Ameri

10、ca.s students.6. Those( child ) are( I ) father7. Do you know ( it ) name?8. Mike and Tom ( be ) friends.9. Thanks for helping ( I ).10. (Ann 安)mothers(we) teacher.三、單項(xiàng)選擇) 1. My family a big family. My family all here.A. is, is B. are, areC. is, are D. are, is) 2. This is A. a picture of familyC. a

11、family s pictureB. a picture of my familyD. a family of my picture) 3. Let s good friends.A. beB. are C. is D. am) 4. Is she your aunt? Yes, .he isthereA. she sB. her isC. she isD.) 5. Are coats yours?Yes, they are .A. theyB. theseC. thisD.) 6. Is that uncle? No, it isn tA. he B. she C. her D. hers)

12、 7. Mrs. Green is grandmother.A. Jim and KateB. Jim and Kate sC. Jim s and Kate sD. Jim and Kates ) 8. Do you know the name Mr. Green s son?A. inB. ofC. onD. or) 9. the great photo of your family.A. thank forB. Thanks forC. Thank forD. thanks for) 10. Are those your friends? .A. Yes, they reB. No, t

13、hey areC. Yes, they areD. Yes, those are代詞練習(xí)（二）、用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空1 We like (he, his , him) very much.2 Is this guitar (you, your, yours)?3 (She, Her, Hers) name is Li Li.4 Father bought a desk for (I, my, me, mine).5 (It, It's, Its) is very cold today.6 Is this your book, Mike?Yes ,(we, you, they )are.7

14、Are you and Tom classmates?Yes, (we, you ,they )are.8 Each of the students ( have, has) a pen pal.9 He has a dog. I want to have (it, one ),too.10 Her parents are (both, all ,either )teachers.11 The text is easy for you .There are ( few, a few ,little,a little) new words in it .12 I want ( some, any

15、) bananas. Give me these big (one, ones).二、選擇正確的答案1 Is this book?A youB I C sheD your2 It's a bird. name is Polly.A ItsB It's C HisD It3 What's that ?a jeep.A it'sB Its C It'sD its4 What's that in English? .A It's egg B That's egg C It's a eggD It's an egg5 Wh

16、ose cat is this ? Is it yours? Is it a white ?A cat'sB one C onesD cats6 Please give the book to A IB me C myD mine7 skirt is yours?A Whose B Where C HowD Which8 is this pen ? It's Wang Fang's.A Who's B Whose C WhereD Which9 Kate and Mike do homework in the evening.A one's B his

17、C herD their10 There isn't water in the bottle.A anyB some C noD a課時(shí)二（2）簡(jiǎn)單句一 陳述句1、 概念：說(shuō)明一個(gè)事實(shí)或是陳述說(shuō)話人的看法的句子，句末用句號(hào)。2、 分類(lèi)：陳述句根據(jù)其語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，可大體分為“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”和“主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”兩種；而從語(yǔ)氣的角度分，又可分為肯定陳述句和否定陳述句（1） “主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定陳述句I like that book. 我喜歡那本書(shū)。 （陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)）I really agree. 我確實(shí)同意。 （陳述一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)） 否定陳述句I did not buy the TV. 我沒(méi)

18、有買(mǎi)那個(gè)電視。 （陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)）（ 2 ）主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 肯定陳述名The film is boring . 這部電影沒(méi)意思。 （陳述觀點(diǎn)） 否定陳述句Smoking is not good for your health. 抽煙對(duì)你的健康沒(méi)有好處。 （陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)）3、 陳述句的否定結(jié)構(gòu)：陳述句的否定式主要用兩種結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)：（ 1 ）句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為 be , have 或者謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其否定結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞/ 助動(dòng)詞 / 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + not + 其他成分I am not a teacher. 我不是老師。We have not （haven't）

19、 any books on animals.我們沒(méi)有任何有關(guān)動(dòng)物方面的書(shū)。The children are not （aren't） playing in the playground.孩子們沒(méi)在操場(chǎng)上玩。He will not （won't） come. 他不會(huì)來(lái)。We must not （mustn't） forget the past.我們不能忘記過(guò)去。It could not （couldn't） be lost.它不可能丟的。（2） 當(dāng)句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是do （即行為動(dòng)詞） ，而且沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其否定結(jié)構(gòu) 為：主語(yǔ) +do （does,did）

20、 + not + 動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他成分你沒(méi)有每天都來(lái)這里。他不教這個(gè)班。昨晚他們沒(méi)看電視。You do not (don't) come here every day . He does not (doesn't) teach this class . They did not(didn't) watch TV last night .注意： 陳述句的語(yǔ)調(diào)一般用降調(diào)。但在表示疑問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，用升調(diào)，在書(shū)面上要用問(wèn)號(hào)來(lái)表示。You really want to go to Hong Kong ?你真的想去香港嗎？這句話表示的是一種疑問(wèn)，只不過(guò)是通過(guò)陳述的語(yǔ)序和疑問(wèn)的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)

21、表達(dá)的二 疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句是用來(lái)提出疑問(wèn)的句子，句末用問(wèn)號(hào)“？” 。?？嫉囊蓡?wèn)句有四類(lèi)，即：一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句、選擇疑問(wèn)句、反意疑問(wèn)句。第一節(jié) 一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句通常需要用 yes 或 no 來(lái)回答，所以又叫做“是非疑問(wèn)句” 。在讀這種句子時(shí)要用升調(diào)。一般疑問(wèn)句主要有以下幾種類(lèi)型：1、 “be + 主語(yǔ) + 表語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu) Are you sleepy ? 你困了嗎？ Yes, I am . 是的，我困了。3、“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)言+行為動(dòng)t（或be）”結(jié)構(gòu) May/Can I use the telephone? 我能用這部電話嗎？ Yes, you can. 是的，可以。5、 “助動(dòng)詞（ do,

22、 does, did ） + 主語(yǔ) + 行為動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu) Do you like swimming in summer? 你喜歡夏天游泳嗎？ No, I don't . 不，我不喜歡。難點(diǎn)提示回答否定性一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，要在Yes 后面用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示肯定；在 No 后面用否定結(jié)構(gòu)，表示否定。 注意在說(shuō)法上正好與漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣相反。 訣竅是在回答的時(shí)候， 只要把它當(dāng)成沒(méi)有加否定形式的普通一般疑問(wèn)句看待就可以了。注意下面例句的回答和它的意思。 Is he not your elder brother?他不是你的哥哥嗎？ Yes, he is . 不，他是（我的哥哥） 。 No, he is not.

23、 是的，他不是（我的哥哥） 。 Isn't she very clever? 她難道不是很聰明嗎？ Yes, she is. 不，她很聰明。 No, she is not . 是，她不聰明。第二節(jié) 特殊疑問(wèn)句一、 特殊疑問(wèn)句是用來(lái)提出來(lái)特定問(wèn)題的疑問(wèn)句， 要求聽(tīng)到問(wèn)題的人針對(duì)特定情況來(lái)做具體的回答，不能像一般疑問(wèn)句一樣簡(jiǎn)單地用 Yes 或 No 來(lái)回答，特殊疑問(wèn)句要用降調(diào)來(lái)讀。二、特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ 一般疑問(wèn)句Who do English homework in the evening? 誰(shuí)晚上做英語(yǔ)家庭作業(yè)？What do you do in the evening? 你

24、晚上做什么？What homework do you do in the evening? 你晚上做什么家庭作業(yè)？When do you do English homework? 你什么時(shí)候做英語(yǔ)家庭作業(yè)？三、注意：對(duì)人提問(wèn)時(shí)who "誰(shuí)"對(duì)所屬（誰(shuí)的）提問(wèn)用 whose “誰(shuí)的”對(duì)哪一個(gè)提問(wèn)用 which “哪一個(gè)”對(duì)時(shí)間提問(wèn)用when "什么時(shí)候"或 what time "幾點(diǎn)"對(duì)物體提問(wèn)用what “什么”對(duì)地點(diǎn)提問(wèn)用where “哪里”對(duì)原因提問(wèn)用why “為什么”對(duì)方式提問(wèn)用how “怎么樣”對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)用how many &

25、quot;多少”（用于可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）或 how much "多少”（用于不可數(shù)名詞）四、難點(diǎn)提示1、以why開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句否定形式常用于表示建議、請(qǐng)求等。Why don't you have a try?你為什么不試試呢？2、 特殊疑問(wèn)句常用到一些縮略形式，在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)中要注意習(xí)慣這些用法。I don't want to go there. How about you?我不想去那兒，你呢？But what else? 可是還有什么呢？把下列句子變成否定句：1. I am listening to music. 2. Mike is a student. 3Sarah

26、can clean the classroom. 4. They are in the zoo. 5. There are some flowers in the vase.6. This is my sister. 7. We are sweeping the floor.8. We need some masks. 9. They like making the puppet. 10. Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house.11. I put a book on my head.12. They sing “ In the classroom ” t

27、ogether.13. We play basketball on Sundays.14. Tom likes listening to music肯定句改一般疑問(wèn)句的方法肯定句改一般疑問(wèn)句的方法肯定句改一般疑問(wèn)句的方法肯定句改一般疑問(wèn)句的方法三步法1. 有be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：be動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到句首，其余照抄，（some改成any, my改成your ）句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。2. 無(wú) be 動(dòng)詞 / 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞， 在句首加 Do/Does/Did ， 其余照抄， （some 改成 any ， my 改成 your ） 句末用問(wèn)號(hào)。3. 加 Does、 did 的句子注意， 句子動(dòng)詞要變成原型。 例如：

28、 陳述句 : They are in the park. He can play the guitar. 一般疑問(wèn)句 : Are they in the park? Can he play the guitar?陳述句 : I like the ducks. He likes the dogs.一般疑問(wèn)句： Do you like the ducks?Does he like the dogs?把下列句子變成一般疑問(wèn)句1. I am listening to music. 2. Mike is a student. 3. Sarah can clean the classroom.4. The

29、y are in the zoo. 5. There are some flowers in the vase.6. This is my sister. 7. We are sweeping the floor.8. We need some masks. 9. They like making the puppet. 10. Su Hai and Su Yang live in a new house.11. I put a book on my head.12. They sing “ In the classroom ” together.13. We play basketball

30、on Sundays.14. Tom likes listening to music關(guān)于特殊疑問(wèn)詞問(wèn)人（誰(shuí)） who 地點(diǎn)（何地） where 時(shí)間（何時(shí)） when、 what time 東西 /職業(yè) /事物 （什 么） what 方式方法程序身體（怎樣） how 年齡 how old . 怎么樣（提建議） How about 多 少錢(qián) How much 誰(shuí)的 whose book 問(wèn)星期 what day 問(wèn)日期 what date 問(wèn)數(shù)量多少（ 可數(shù)名詞 ） How many people 問(wèn)數(shù)量（不可數(shù)名詞） How much water 顏色 what color 班級(jí) what

31、class 年級(jí) what grade 時(shí)間 what time 哪一個(gè) which which class 1、根據(jù)劃線部分確定是什么疑問(wèn)詞 , 后面寫(xiě)原句變成的一般疑問(wèn)句，句末問(wèn)號(hào)。2、 how many 后必須先寫(xiě)物品，再寫(xiě)一般疑問(wèn)句等。1、 A: is the boy in blue? B:He s Mike.2、 A: pen is it? B:It s mine.3、 A: is the diary? B:It s under the chair.4、 A: _ is the Chirstmas Day? B: It s on the 25th of December.5、 A:

32、are the earphones? B:They are 25 yuan.6、 A: is the cup? B:It s blue.7、 A: is it today? B:It s Sunday.8、 A: was it yesterday? B: It was the 13th of October.9、 A: this red one? B:It s beautiful.12、 A:is your cousin? B: He s 15 years old.13、 A:do you have dinner? B: At 6 o clock綜合練習(xí)1. The children have

33、 a good time in the park.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 2. There is only one problem.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯定 / 否定回答： 3. She has some bread for lunch today.否定句： 一般疑問(wèn)句： 肯定 / 否定回答： .句型轉(zhuǎn)換題1. The girl is singing in the classroom.（ 改為否定句） 改為一般疑問(wèn)句5. I can speak English.（ 改為一般疑問(wèn)句）6. I am writing now.（ 同上）7. I have a desk and a chair.（

34、 用 He做主語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)句子）8. She is buying some food in the supermarket. （改為否定句）10. Does she like growing flowers? （給予否定回答）課時(shí)三have作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞1. 表示“有”的意思Look, I have wings, just like you.He had fair hair and blue eyes.注 1 ：其否定和疑問(wèn)形式變化，在美國(guó)通常用助動(dòng)詞 do。注 2 ：在英國(guó)口語(yǔ)中常用 have got 代替 have.Look, can t you see I've got teeth, to

35、o,I haven't got any jewelry.2.have 和一些其他名詞連用，表示：(1) 一種活動(dòng)。We have no classes on Sunday. （上課）they re going to have a volleyball match. （舉行比賽）Are we going to have a meeting this week? （開(kāi)會(huì)）We are going to have a talk this afternoon. （聽(tīng)報(bào)告）(2) 患病。I have got a headache.I have a bad cold.(3) 發(fā)生的情況。（跌跤）I

36、've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.(4) 生育。The queen ant may have tens of thousands of babies in one summer.3. 和一與動(dòng)詞同形的名詞連用，表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作( have a 由動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化和名詞)Are you going to have a swim.I have a long talk with the teacher.4. have on sth. 或 have sth. on ，表示“穿著” 、 “戴著” (=to be wearin

37、g)I noticed he had on bedroom slippers.At the ball Motile had a diamond necklace on.5. 表示“吃” 、 “喝”I wanted to have a cup of tea and some eggs.Does she have lunch at home?6. 組成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)即“ have 賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”(1) 不加 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) (have sb. do sth.) ，表示讓、叫某人做某事。The soldier had him stand with his back to his fath

38、er.注：否定結(jié)構(gòu)表示“不能讓”或“從未有人”We won't have you blame it on others.She had never had anybody speak to her that way before.(2) 現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(have sb.(sth.)doing)，表示讓(使)某人做某事。the two men had their lights burning all night long(3) 過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)(have sb. (sth.)done)，表示：使(讓?zhuān)?qǐng))別人作某事，表示的動(dòng)作是別人做的。Emperor Qin Shi Huan

39、g had all the walls joined up.he should have new clothes made of this splendid cloth for the coming great procession.遭遇到某事。Workers in some industries have their hearing harmed by the noise of the machine.課時(shí)三英語(yǔ)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則一、絕大多數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，是在該詞末尾加上后輟-s 。讀音變化：結(jié)尾是清輔音讀s ，結(jié)尾是濁輔音或元音讀z 。例：friend ffriends; cat

40、-cats; style fstyles; sport fsports; piece fpieces二、凡是以s、 z、 x、 ch、 sh 結(jié)尾的詞，在該詞末尾加上后輟-es 構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。讀音變化：統(tǒng)一加讀iz 。例：busfbuses; quiz fquizzes; fox -foxes; match fmatches; flashfflashes三、以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的名詞，將y 改變?yōu)?i ，再加 -es 。讀音變化：加讀z 。例：candyfcandies; daisy fdaisies; fairy ffairies; ladyfladies; story fstories四、以

41、-o 結(jié)尾的名詞，如果不是外來(lái)詞或縮寫(xiě)，就加-es ，否則加 -s 構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。讀音變化：加讀z 。例：tomatoftomatoes; potato fpotatoes; torpedo ftorpedoes; bingofbingoes反例：silo fsilos; pianofpianos （夕卜來(lái)詞）；photofphotos; macrofmacros （縮寫(xiě)詞） 五、以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞，多為將-f或-fe改變?yōu)?ves ,但有例外。讀音變化：尾音f 改讀 vz 。例：knife fknives; life flives; leaf fleaves; staff fstaves;

42、 scarf fscarves 反例：roof froofs六、以 -us 結(jié)尾的名詞（多為外來(lái)詞） ，通常將 -us 改變?yōu)?-i 構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。讀音變化：尾音Es 改讀 ai ，其中 kEs 要改讀為 sai ， gEs 要改讀為 dVai 。例：fungusffungi; abacus fabaci; focus -foci; cactus fcacti; cestus fcesti七、以 -is 結(jié)尾的名詞，通常將-is 改變?yōu)?-es 。讀音變化：尾音is 改讀 i:z例：axis -axes; basis fbases; naris fnares;hypothesis fhypothe

43、ses; restis frestes八、以 -ix 結(jié)尾的名詞，通常將-ix 改變?yōu)?-ices ，但有例外。讀音變化：尾音iks 改讀 isi:z 。例： matrix f matrices; directrix f directrices; calix f calices; appendix - appendices 反仞ij： affix faffixes九、以 -um 結(jié)尾的名詞，將-um 改變?yōu)?-a 。讀音變化：去掉鼻尾音。例：forum- fora; stadiumfstadia; aquarium faquaria; datum -data; vacuum fvacua十、以

44、 -a 結(jié)尾的名詞，在該詞末尾加上后輟-e 。讀音變化：尾音E 改讀 i: 。例：larva f larvae; formula fformulae; ala falae; media fmediae; hydra fhydrae十一、部分單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式不變。讀音變化：保持原音。例：fish -fish; sheep fsheep; cattle fcattle; deer fdeer; salmon fsalmon十二、極少數(shù)單詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)]有任何規(guī)律。讀音變化：沒(méi)有規(guī)律。例： man- men; womans women; child fchildren; person fpeople;

45、 ox oxen十三、一些單數(shù)詞得加en 才能變成復(fù)數(shù)詞：fbrethren例：oxfoxen; child fchildren; brother十四、一些單數(shù)詞得改頭換面一番, 才能變成復(fù)數(shù)詞例：analysis fanalyses 分析；basis fbases 基礎(chǔ)；datum fdata 數(shù)據(jù)；foot -feet; formula f formulae/formulas 公式；goose fgeese; louse flice 虱子；manfmen mouses mice; medium f media/mediums 媒介；memorandum fmemoranda/memoran

46、dums備忘 錄;parenthesis fparentheses 圓括號(hào)；phenomenonfphenomena 現(xiàn)象；radius fradii 半徑 tooth fteeth; woman fwomen十五、有些名詞是單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)不分的例： deer; fish; cannon; sheep; salmon 鮭魚(yú) ; trout 鱒魚(yú)十六、一些名詞雖分單數(shù)、復(fù)數(shù)，但出現(xiàn)次數(shù)多的總是單數(shù)詞例： abscence; clothing; film; help; furniture 家具 ; machinery 機(jī)械 ; news; scenery 風(fēng)景 ; sugar;traffic 交通 十

47、七、另一些名詞則以復(fù)數(shù)詞出現(xiàn)的機(jī)會(huì)較多例： bellows 風(fēng)箱 ; clothes; police; shorts 短褲 ; scissors 剪刀 ; spectacles 眼鏡 ; shears大剪刀trousers 長(zhǎng)褲 ; wages 工資 十八、 compound nouns ，這類(lèi)復(fù)數(shù)詞是以主要的名詞來(lái)表示例：daughter-in-lawfdaughters-in-law媳婦；father-in-law ffathers-in-law 岳父man-of-war fmen-of-war 兵艦；maid-servant fmaid-servants step-son -step-s

48、ons 晚子；son-in-law-sons-in-law十九、若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞例： pair（ 對(duì)，雙 ）; suit（ 套 ）; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers二十、另外還有一些名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可表示特別意思，例： goods 貨物， waters 水域， fishes （各種）魚(yú)二十一、除人民幣元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。例： a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters以 O 結(jié) 尾 的 詞 ， 許 多 加 es 構(gòu) 成 復(fù) 數(shù) ， 特 別 是 一 些 常 用 詞

49、 如 heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes, Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes但下面幾類(lèi)詞只加s： 1.以“元音+o”或“ oo”結(jié)尾的詞如 :videos,radios,studios,folios,oratorios,embryos,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos,taboos2. 一 些 外 來(lái) 詞 ， 特 別 是 音 樂(lè) 方 面 的 詞 ， 如 pianos,solos,concertos,tobaccos,mott

50、os,cellos3. 一些縮寫(xiě)詞和專(zhuān)有名詞，如： kilos,photos,memos,micros,Eskimos,Filipnos有個(gè)別詞加兩種詞尾都可以，如： archipelago（e）s,halo（e）s,cargoes（ 英） ， cargos（ 美）名詞由單數(shù)變成復(fù)數(shù)的練習(xí)寫(xiě)出下列名詞復(fù)數(shù)leafpuppyboxknifeflyfoxbusbenchbrushkisschurchdishruler peach_glass_ pencil_ boyzoomanroofsheepknifelady_ keystoryapple_watch_eraser_bamboo_speechc

51、itythief_familymouse_day fish_ goosepeopleoxChinesedeerfootchildtooth_guyhero_spybossmonkeycity ._ goatradiohorsedog用所給的單詞的復(fù)數(shù)的正確形式填空：1>There are so many(wolf)in the forest.2>There are three(chair) in the classroom.3>These(tomato) are red.4>(hero) are great.5>My brother looks after two

52、(baby)6>There are some(deer) eating the grass.7>My father likes to eat(potato).8>Chinese(people)like to eat noodles.9>I have a lot of(toy) in my bedroom.10>I help my mother wash(dish) in the kitchen.11>I have two(pencil-box).12>There are some(bus)in the street.13>Peter has ei

53、ght(foot).14>Linda has three(tooth).15>There are some(child) in the garden.16>Michael likes the(mouse).17>There are some(goose)in the river.18>My uncle and father are(man).19>Tom and King are(boy).20>Linda has three(tooth).選出正確形式1 . I can see three in the zoo.A monkeys B monkeys

54、 C monkeyC. foots2 .The pig has four. A. foot B. feet3 .My two brothers are both.A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen4 .There are fourin the class.A. Japanese B. Japaneses C. Japan1.1 can see ten in the picture.A. sheep B. dog C. pig6 .The has three.A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches7

55、 .C an you see on the plate? A. breadB. breads C. breades8 .The girl often brushes herbefore she goes to bed.A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth9 .Mr Black often drink some .A. milkB. milks C.milkes10 .There are some on the floor. A. child B. water C. books11 . will learn English. A. WomanB. Women C. Man12 .Lucy will show us some new of hers.A. photo B. photos C. photoes13 . I drank two .A. bottles of orange B. bottle o