The Road Not Taken未竟之路

1、Robert Frost(1874 1963)阮籍阮籍詠懷詠懷楊朱泣歧路楊朱泣歧路“楊朱泣岐路，墨子悲染絲楊朱泣岐路，墨子悲染絲”。 阮籍引用淮南子說(shuō)林篇中的這兩個(gè)故事，列于全詩(shī)之首，抒寫他的心情，定下了一個(gè)悲慨的基調(diào)。人在紛亂的政局中徬徨。面前的歧路，可以往南，可以往北，稍一不慎就會(huì)誤入歧途；本色的素絲，可以染黃，可以染黑，浮華的外形常是掩蓋著本質(zhì)。楊朱走到叉路口，不知道該如何選擇，于是哭了起來(lái)；墨子看到白色的絲線放在染料里，放在紅色的染水里就被染成紅色，放在黑色的染水里就被染成黑色。 人的一生就是在不斷的選擇，有時(shí)選擇是很難的，因?yàn)槊恳粋€(gè)選擇都有得有失。面對(duì)眾多的路口，眾多的選擇，我們苦惱

2、、困惑。每一個(gè)選擇都會(huì)改變你的人生軌跡，每一個(gè)選擇都會(huì)有一個(gè)結(jié)果，無(wú)論對(duì)與錯(cuò)。因此有時(shí)真能感受到那種到了十字路口該走向何方的痛苦。而墨子的“悲染絲”更讓我們覺(jué)得做事要慎重，切不可大意；用人要慎重，要人盡其才，等等。 李白李白 行路難行路難“行路難，行路難！多歧路，今安在？行路難，行路難！多歧路，今安在？ 長(zhǎng)風(fēng)破浪會(huì)有時(shí)，直掛云帆濟(jì)滄海。長(zhǎng)風(fēng)破浪會(huì)有時(shí)，直掛云帆濟(jì)滄海?！?詩(shī)人離筵上瞻望前程，只覺(jué)前路崎嶇，歧途甚多，要走的路，究竟在哪里呢？這是感情在尖銳復(fù)雜的矛盾中再一次回旋。但是倔強(qiáng)而又自信的李白，決不愿在離筵上表現(xiàn)自己的氣餒。他那種積極用世的強(qiáng)烈要求，終于使他再次擺脫了歧路彷徨的苦悶，唱出了

3、充滿信心與展望的強(qiáng)音：“乘風(fēng)破浪會(huì)有時(shí)，直掛云帆濟(jì)滄海！”他相信盡管前路障礙重重，但仍將會(huì)有一天，乘長(zhǎng)風(fēng)破萬(wàn)里浪，掛上云帆，橫渡滄海，到達(dá)理想的彼岸。 薩特名言薩特名言：人天生就是自由的。英雄使自己成為英雄，懦夫使自己成人天生就是自由的。英雄使自己成為英雄，懦夫使自己成為懦夫。為懦夫。Robert Frost An American poet, he is highly regarded for his realistic depictions of the rural life and his command of American colloquial speech. His work f

4、requently employed themes from the early 1900s rural life in New England, using the setting to examine complex social and philosophical themes. A popular and often-quoted poet, Frost was honored frequently during his lifetime, receiving four Pulitzer Prizes.Life born in California; raised in New Eng

5、land His father died early and the family life was not easy. He was an honor student when he graduated from the high school. He entered Dartmouth College and later Harvard, but he never finished his university education. He began to write poems when he was in the middle school, but he was recognized

6、 as a poet when he was nearly 40. He won the Pulitzer Prize for 4 times. He was considered as the “unofficial poet laureate of the nation”. In 1961, he was invited to read his poems in the inauguration ceremony of President Kennedy. He was the only poet who once had such an honor. Robert Lee Frost(1

7、874-1963) “National Poet of America” New Englands most authentic poet“ unofficial poet Laureate, one of the most celebrated Americans modernist poetsAchievements Four Pulitzer Prizes Honorary degrees from forty-four colleges and universities In 1960, the U.S. government awarded him a gold medal for

8、his contribution to American culture. In 1961, he was invited to read his poetry The Gift Outright, at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy. Main Works A Boys Will 1913 North of Boston, 1914 Mountain Interval, 1916 New Hampshire 1923 Collected Poems 1930 A Further Range 1936 A Witness Tree

9、1942 Features (1) His poems mostly wrote about nature (influence from Wordsworth and Emerson) and New England landscape. (2) Deceptively simple style (reason for popular) (3) Symbolism (show his poems deep meaning) (4) He was likely to choose traditional forms for his poem, but the themes of his poe

10、ms are mostly modern. (In his poems, traditional elements and modern elements mingle together.) His Writing Robert Frost was the most popular American poet from 1914 to his death. His verse: at first terrifying later filled with more sunshine Frosts achievement was fantastic. Frosts poems are New En

11、gland in the setting, and are characterized by the familiar speaking voice. The subjects come from daily life of ordinary people. Frost wrote rural poetry in the pastoral tradition as a way to understand modern life.More language features Frosts poetic style is highly appreciated in the country. He

12、used simple language, a graceful style, and traditional forms of poetry. He was often deceptively simple, exploring complexity through triviality. He used symbols from everyday life to express profound ideas. He made his poems seem effortless by using colloquial and direct expression and conversatio

13、nal rhythms. His success mainly comes from two aspects: he combined traditional poetic forms with American vocabulary and speech rhythms; he worked individual poems into a larger unity by presenting in them a recurred “persona” in the image of a wise country folk. Theory of Poetry“begins in delight

14、and ends in wisdom” Subject matter: New England life and farming ; realistic depictions of rural life Style : Profound simplicity ; Rhymed stanzas and blank verseAbout the Poem “The Road Not Taken” Frost claims that he wrote this poem about his friend Edward Thomas, with whom he had walked many time

15、s in the woods near London. Frost has said that while walking they would come to different paths and after choosing one, Thomas would always felt wondering what they might have missed by not taking the other path. About the poem, Frost asserted, “You have to be careful of that one; its a tricky poem

16、 very tricky.” Superficially, the poem has been and continues to be used as an inspirational poem, encouraging self-reliance, not following where others have led. But a close reading of the poem proves not so.Robert Frosts “The Road Not TakenTwo roads diverged in a yellow wood 黃色的樹林里分出兩條路黃色的樹林里分出兩條路

17、 And sorry I could not travel both 可惜我不能同時(shí)去涉足可惜我不能同時(shí)去涉足 分叉分叉Robert Frosts “The Road Not Taken And be one traveler, long I stood作為一個(gè)路人，我在那路口久久佇立作為一個(gè)路人，我在那路口久久佇立 And looked down one as far as I could我向著一條路極目望去我向著一條路極目望去 To where it bent in the undergrowth直到它打彎，視線被灌木叢擋住直到它打彎，視線被灌木叢擋住 Bush草叢草叢Robert Fro

18、sts “The Road Not Taken Then took the other, as just as fair 于是我選擇了另一條，不比那條差于是我選擇了另一條，不比那條差 And having perhaps the better claim也許會(huì)有更好的風(fēng)景也許會(huì)有更好的風(fēng)景景色，風(fēng)景色，風(fēng)景景Robert Frosts “The Road Not Taken Because it was grassy and wanted wear因?yàn)樗G意融融，等待人去踐踏因?yàn)樗G意融融，等待人去踐踏Though as for that the passing there其實(shí)講到留下了來(lái)往的

19、足跡其實(shí)講到留下了來(lái)往的足跡 Had worn them really about the same兩條路，說(shuō)不上差別有多大兩條路，說(shuō)不上差別有多大 人跡罕至的人跡罕至的行人的經(jīng)過(guò)使得行人的經(jīng)過(guò)使得Robert Frosts “The Road Not Taken And both that morning equally lay 那天早晨，有兩條路，相差無(wú)幾那天早晨，有兩條路，相差無(wú)幾In leaves no step had trodden black都埋在還沒(méi)被踩過(guò)的落葉底下都埋在還沒(méi)被踩過(guò)的落葉底下Oh, I kept the first for another day啊，我把那第一條

20、路留給另一天！啊，我把那第一條路留給另一天！And that morningAnd that morningRobert Frosts “The Road Not Taken Yet knowing how way leads on to way可我知道，一條路又接上另一條，可我知道，一條路又接上另一條，I doubted if I should ever come back /恐怕我難以再回返恐怕我難以再回返Robert Frosts “The Road Not Taken I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages

21、hence當(dāng)提起當(dāng)年的舊事，我將嘆一口氣當(dāng)提起當(dāng)年的舊事，我將嘆一口氣隔了多少歲月，流逝了多少時(shí)光隔了多少歲月，流逝了多少時(shí)光Many and many years laterRobert Frosts “The Road Not TakenAnd that has made all the difference Two roads diverged in a woodand II took the one less traveled by 一片森林里分出兩條路一片森林里分出兩條路 而我卻選擇了人跡更少的一條而我卻選擇了人跡更少的一條 從此決定了我一生的道路從此決定了我一生的道路 Lines

22、1-5: Describes Situations：One day, the speaker as a traveler met with a choice of roads at the entrance of a forest. Although he wanted so much to try both roads, he had to choose one only. Therefore he hesitated for a long time. Lines 6-10: Decides to Take Less-travelled Road： He made a decision fi

23、nally. He took the road which was “grassy and wanted wear”. Lines 11-15: Continues Description of Road：He was still longing for the first road, hoping that someday he would go back and try it. But he knew clearly that ways would lead on to ways. He would not have such an opportunity. Lines 16-20: Re

24、calls the Road Taken and Not Taken ：The speaker, recalling this happening years later, responds with a sigh-the choice he made earlier has brought him a completely different experience.Style The Road Not Taken is arranged into four stanzas of five lines each. Its rhyme scheme is abaab, which means t

25、hat the first line in each stanza rhymes with the third and fourth lines, while the second line rhymes with the fifth line. The poem has two recognized interpretations. Literal interpretation According to the literal interpretation, the poem is inspirational, a paean to individualism. The poems last

26、 lines, where the narrator declares that taking the road less traveled by has made all the difference, can be seen as a declaration of the importance of independence and persona l freedom. The Road Not Taken seems to illustrate that once one takes a certain road, there is no turning back. Although o

27、ne might change paths later on, the past cannot be changed. It can be seen as showing that choice is very important, and is a thing to be considered. This interpretation is connected with misremembering the title as The Road Less Traveled, since it places emphasis on the choice made, not the opportu

28、nities gone.Ironic interpretation The ironic interpretation, widely held by critics, is that the poem is instead about regret and personal myth-making, rationalizing our decisions. In this interpretation, the final two lines: “I took the one less traveled by, and that has made all the difference ”ar

29、e ironic the choice made little or no difference at all, the speakers protestations to the contrary. The narrator admits in the second and third stanzas that both paths my be equally worn and equally leaf-covered , and it is only in his future recollection that he will call one road less traveled by

30、. The sigh, widely interpreted as a sigh of regret, might also be interpreted ironically If it is the relief sigh, then the difference means the speaker feels glad with the road he took. If it is the regret sigh, then the difference would not be good, and the speaker would be sighing in regret. Henc

31、e, sigh is ambiguous here for the speaker is not showing whether his choice is right or wrong. Comment This poem is written in classic five-line stanzas, with the rhyme scheme a-b-a-b and conversational rhythm. The poet uses the road to symbolize lifes journey. The poem seems to be about the poet, walking in the woods in autumn, choosing which road he should follow on h