常用經(jīng)濟(jì)術(shù)語中英文對(duì)照

1、國民經(jīng)濟(jì)、對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易NATIONALECONOMY,FOREIGNECONOMICRELATIONSANDTRADE經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)economicindicators社會(huì)總產(chǎn)值totalproductofsociety國民生產(chǎn)總值GNP(GrossDomesticProduct)國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDP(GrossDomesticProduct)人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值GDPpercapita工農(nóng)業(yè)總產(chǎn)值grossoutputvalueofindustryandagriculture國民收入nationalincome購買力平價(jià)法purchasingpowerparity財(cái)政收入staterevenue社會(huì)商品

2、零售總額totalvolumeofretailsales社會(huì)零售物價(jià)總指數(shù)generalretailpriceindex百分點(diǎn)percentagepoints"八五"戈戰(zhàn)Uthe8thFive-YearPlanforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopment計(jì)戈U經(jīng)濟(jì)plannedeconomy統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷statemonopolyoverpurchaseandmarketing市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)marketeconomy指令性計(jì)戈Umandatoryplan指導(dǎo)性計(jì)戈Uguidanceplan市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)marketregulation建立市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)、法制、民主

3、監(jiān)督和廉政"三個(gè)機(jī)制"establishoperationalmechanismsofmarketeconomy,rulebylaw,democraticsupervisionandincorruptiblegovernment抓好農(nóng)業(yè)、交通能源、教育科技"三個(gè)基礎(chǔ)"stressprioritiesoveragriculture,transportationandenergysupply,educationandscienceandtechnology實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生態(tài)環(huán)境和人口素質(zhì)"三個(gè)優(yōu)化"optimizeindustrialst

4、ructure,ecologicalenvironmentandthequalityofpopulation第一、二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)primary,secondaryandtertiaryindustries夕卜向型經(jīng)濟(jì)export-orientedeconomy創(chuàng)7匚型企業(yè)foreignexchange-earningenterprise勞動(dòng)密集型laborintensive技術(shù)、智力、資本密集型technology,knowledgeorcapitalintensive高附力口值的深力口工down-streamprocessingwithhighadded-value優(yōu)化資源配置optimizea

5、llocationofresources生產(chǎn)力productiveforces生產(chǎn)資料capitalgoods科研成果產(chǎn)業(yè)化industrializationofresearchfindings火炬計(jì)劃TorchPlan技術(shù)入股technologyappraisedascapitalstock風(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資ventureinvestment/capital固定資產(chǎn)投資investmentinfixedassets技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓technologytransfer可行性研究feasibilitystudy意向書letterofintent投資環(huán)境investmentenvironment跨國公司transn

6、ationalcoorporation基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施infrastructure20年基本實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化basicallyachievemodernizationin20years發(fā)揮技術(shù)窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serveasamediumforintroducingadvancedtechnologies,managerialexpertiseandqualifiedprofessionalsfromoutside.招商attractinvestment招商項(xiàng)目projectproposalsforinvestment同國際慣例接軌followtheinternationalcodesofprac

7、tice；bringinlinewiththeinternationalusage加大改革力度intensifyreforms條龍服務(wù)onepackageservice支筆審批one-chopapproval我們兩市的經(jīng)濟(jì)互補(bǔ)性很強(qiáng)。Toagreatextent,theeconomiesbetweenouttwocitiesarecomplementarytoeachother.平等互禾U,互通有無equalityandmutualbenefit,andtradingofneededgoods夕卜弓I內(nèi)聯(lián)actasanintermediaryforintroducingforeigncapit

8、alandestablishingdomesticconnections保持發(fā)展后勁bringaboutasustainabledevelopment；sustainmomentumofdevelopment經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力economiccapabilities龍頭pacemaker；leadingrole三通一平（水通、電通、路通、施工場(chǎng)地平）"threeconnectionsandoneleveling"assuringthataconstructionsiteisconnectedtowaterandelectricpowersuppliesandroads,andthat

9、thegroundisleveledbeforeaprojectisbegun.瓶頸bottleneck以工養(yǎng)農(nóng)useindustrialincometofinanceagriculture以路養(yǎng)路usetollstorepayinvestmentinroadprojects下放審批權(quán)delegatetheauthoritytoexamineandapprovetolowerlevels統(tǒng)而不死，活而不舌Lensureaflexiblecontrol良性循環(huán)positivecycle國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支柱mainstayofthenationaleconomy格局初步形成Patternhastaken

10、initialshape.理順企業(yè)的產(chǎn)權(quán)關(guān)系rationalizethepropertyrightsrelationshipsofenterprises政策性虧損policy-relatedloss三角債chaindebts上不封頂，下不保底setnoceilinglimitandgivenominimumguarantee企業(yè)"工效掛鉤"linktotalpayrollwiththeperformanceofanenterprise生意興隆/冷淡Businessisbooming/sluggish質(zhì)量信得過單位qualitytrustworthyorganization批

11、量生產(chǎn)massproduction以銷定產(chǎn)limitproductiontomarketability內(nèi)聯(lián)企業(yè)inlandassociatedenterprises菜籃子工程shippingbasketproject國產(chǎn)化percentageofhome-madeparts配套改革coordinatedreforms配套措施supportingmeasures配套工程auxiliaryproject國內(nèi)配套資金domesticfunds向基礎(chǔ)工業(yè)傾斜的政策policyinfavorofbasicindustry升級(jí)換代upgradingandupdating看好經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)thinkhighlyo

12、feconomicgrowth行情看好Favorableprice/marketcanbeexpected.行情看漲/跌anticipatelowermarketprice/risingprice隨行就市fluctuateinlinewithmarketconditions片面追求發(fā)展速度seekanundulyhighgrowthrate在過渡時(shí)期inaperiodoftransition粗放/集約經(jīng)營(yíng)extensive/intensiveoperation基礎(chǔ)地位leadingposition門類齊全coveringextensivefields存款/貸款余額thebalanceofdep

13、osits/loans夕卜匯儲(chǔ)備foreignexchangereserves貿(mào)易順差tradesurplus完善的市場(chǎng)和發(fā)達(dá)的金融體制well-establishedmarketandsophisticatedfinancialsystem消滅失業(yè)wipeoutunemployment降低過熱的期貨市場(chǎng)，恢復(fù)金融秩序cooldowntheover-heatedfuturemarketandrestorefinancialorder緊縮銀根tightenthemoneysupply一位數(shù)水平onedigitlevel保持雙邊貿(mào)易的平衡balancethetwo-waytrade這次會(huì)議為兩國進(jìn)

14、一步加強(qiáng)持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。Thismeetinglaidasoundfoundationforthetwocountriestoforgeenduring/lastingandconstant/continuouseconomicties.市場(chǎng)疲軟amarketslump庫存積壓overstockedproducts國家指令性計(jì)戈Ustatemandatoryplanning統(tǒng)一定價(jià)unifiedpricesetting國家統(tǒng)配物資materialsallocatedbystate貨幣發(fā)放theissueofcurrency規(guī)范價(jià)格秩序standardizethepriceord

15、er簡(jiǎn)化流通環(huán)節(jié)，增力口隨機(jī)檢查simplifycirculationandaddmorerandomchecks市場(chǎng)機(jī)制開始發(fā)揮調(diào)節(jié)作用。Themarketmechanismsarebeginningtoplaytheirregulatoryrole.由于該暗補(bǔ)為明補(bǔ)，糧食購銷同價(jià)。Grainsarepurchasedandsoldbythesamepricebecausecoveredallowancesareturnedintoopenallowance.導(dǎo)致價(jià)格持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)的一個(gè)重要因素在于物價(jià)的逐步放開及價(jià)格結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。Animportantfactor(contributingto/re

16、sultingin)substantialpricehikesliesinthegradualliftingofpricescontrolandthestructuraladjustmentofprices.折舊費(fèi)depreciationcost關(guān)系民生的產(chǎn)品productsvitaltothepeople'slivelihood供大于求oversupply供不應(yīng)求shortsupply經(jīng)濟(jì)過熱overheatedeconomy抑制炒房地產(chǎn)熱stemfrenziedandspeculativetradinginthepropertymarket宏觀調(diào)控macro-economiccon

17、trol經(jīng)濟(jì)杠桿economiclevers產(chǎn)業(yè)政策industrialpolicy財(cái)政，稅收，信貸，禾ll率，7匚率publicfinancing,taxation,credit,interestrate,exchangerate提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益enhanceeconomicperformance/returns社會(huì)效益socialeffect/returns實(shí)現(xiàn)持續(xù)、穩(wěn)定、協(xié)調(diào)的發(fā)展bringaboutsustained,stableandcoordinateddevelopment財(cái)政赤字(盈余)budgetdeficit(surplus)夕卜貿(mào)出口總額grossforeignexportv

18、alue夕卜商直接投資協(xié)議金額contractedforeigndirectinvestment實(shí)際禾U用夕卜資foreigninvestmentinactualuse三資企業(yè)(中夕卜合資合作、夕卜商獨(dú)資經(jīng)營(yíng))threekindsofenterpriseswithforeigninvestmentsino-foreignjointventure，contractualjointventure允許夕卜商獨(dú)資經(jīng)營(yíng)allowfullforeignequityoperation優(yōu)惠條件confessionaltermsfavorableterms減免稅收taxreductionandexemption

19、合作方式approachestocooperation出資方式meansofcontributinginvestment合營(yíng)期限contracttermofajointventure三來補(bǔ)(來料力口工，來件裝配，來樣力口工)processingandcompensationtrades(processingwithmaterialsorgivensamples,assemblingsuppliedcomponents)貿(mào)易伙伴tradepartner轉(zhuǎn)口貿(mào)易transittrade外貿(mào)順差foreigntradesurplus積極引進(jìn)外來資金、技術(shù)、人才和管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)activelyintroducecapital,t